This lesson introduces fractions to primary school students aged 8-10 years old. The lesson aims to teach students the concept of fractions and how to add and subtract homonymous fractions. The educational goals are for students to be able to name the terms of a fraction, write a fraction when prompted, and add and subtract fractions with the same denominator. The lesson defines fractions, teaches the terms, and has students color in fractions. It then defines homonymous fractions and teaches students to add and subtract fractions by keeping the same denominator and adding or subtracting the numerators.

1. Lesson Model
Title of the
lesson/course
Introduction to fractions
Duration 45 min.
Age group/target Students of Primary school, 8-10 years old, classes C’ & D΄
Aim
The aim of this lesson is to acquaint students with the notion of fraction and learn how to add and subtract
homonymous fractions.
Educational goals and learning outcomes
At the end of the
lesson students should
be able to :
• Name the terms of a fraction
• Write a fraction after it is pronounced by the teacher
• Add and subtract homonymous fractions
1st step: We give the definition of the fraction
What is a fraction?
 A fraction is a division
 It shows a part of a total
Imagine that the above schema is a pie which is divided in 4
pieces. If we take one piece then we have taken 1 out of 4 that is
the ¼. If we take the 3 out of 4 pieces then we have taken the ¾.
We draw on the board similar shapes and ask students to tell us which part of the
total we take, using the notion of fractions, explaining that the number on the top
shows how many pieces we take from the total which is the number at the bottom.

2. Lesson Model
Alternatively, we hand out worksheets such as the
following and ask them to circle the correct fraction.

3. Lesson Model
2nd step : At this stage we give the names of the terms of a fraction.
Terms of a fraction
3rd step : We give students the following shapes and ask them to color the parts that
the numerator shows.
1/2 2/4 3/6 6/8 3/4
Remember
the words!

4. 4th
step : Homonymous fractions - We give the definition of homonymous fractions.
Homonymous fractions
Homonymous fractions are the fractions that have the same
denominator.
e.g ¼,¾
5th
step : Addition & subtraction of homonymous fractions
To add two homonymous fractions we:
¼ +¾=4/4
Consolidation exercises:Do the same for fractions :1/2+1/2, 5/8+2/8,
4/9+4/9, 3/6+2/6
Add the nominators
and leave the same
denominators.
Different nominators
Same denominators

5. To subtract two homonymous fractions :
3/4-2/4=1/4
Consolidation exercises : Do the same for fractions 5/6-3/6,
6/9-2/9, 7/8-5/8, 9/10-6/10
We subtract the
nominators and
leave the
denominators the
same.