I am David Smith. Currently associated with databasehomeworkhelp.com as a Database Homework Help tutor. I hold a Ph.D in Database management from Sydney University.See my sample on Introduction to Database Security before hiring. For hiring me, Visit www.databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 (315) 557-6473
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
We offer you free sample questions along answers prepared by the professionals of the IT field. You can easily pass your CISSP Test with our Training Kits. For more info please visit here: http://www.certsgrade.com/pdf/CISSP/
Computer Security : Introduction, Need for security, Principles of Security,
Types of Attacks
Cryptography : Plain text and Cipher Text, Substitution techniques, Caesar
Cipher, Mono-alphabetic Cipher, Polygram, Polyalphabetic Substitution,
Playfair, Hill Cipher, Transposition techniques, Encryption and Decryption,
Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Steganography, Key Range and
Key Size,
Possible Types of Attacks
Symmetric Key Algorithms and AES: Algorithms types and modes, Overview
of Symmetric key Cryptography, Data Encryption Standard (DES), International
Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), RC4, RC5, Blowfish, Advanced Encryption
Standard (AES)
Asymmetric Key Algorithms, Digital Signatures and RSA: Brief history of
Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Overview of Asymmetric Key Cryptography,
RSA algorithm, Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography together, Digital
Signatures, Knapsack Algorithm, Some other algorithms (Elliptic curve
cryptography, ElGamal, problems with the public key exchange)
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09849539085, 09966235788 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.com-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
Utility privacy tradeoff in databases an information-theoretic approachIEEEFINALYEARPROJECTS
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09849539085, 09966235788 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.co¬m-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
We offer you free sample questions along answers prepared by the professionals of the IT field. You can easily pass your CISSP Test with our Training Kits. For more info please visit here: http://www.certsgrade.com/pdf/CISSP/
Computer Security : Introduction, Need for security, Principles of Security,
Types of Attacks
Cryptography : Plain text and Cipher Text, Substitution techniques, Caesar
Cipher, Mono-alphabetic Cipher, Polygram, Polyalphabetic Substitution,
Playfair, Hill Cipher, Transposition techniques, Encryption and Decryption,
Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Steganography, Key Range and
Key Size,
Possible Types of Attacks
Symmetric Key Algorithms and AES: Algorithms types and modes, Overview
of Symmetric key Cryptography, Data Encryption Standard (DES), International
Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), RC4, RC5, Blowfish, Advanced Encryption
Standard (AES)
Asymmetric Key Algorithms, Digital Signatures and RSA: Brief history of
Asymmetric Key Cryptography, Overview of Asymmetric Key Cryptography,
RSA algorithm, Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography together, Digital
Signatures, Knapsack Algorithm, Some other algorithms (Elliptic curve
cryptography, ElGamal, problems with the public key exchange)
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09849539085, 09966235788 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.com-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
Utility privacy tradeoff in databases an information-theoretic approachIEEEFINALYEARPROJECTS
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09849539085, 09966235788 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.co¬m-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
A Review on Key-Aggregate Cryptosystem for Climbable Knowledge Sharing in Clo...Editor IJCATR
The Data sharing is an important functionality in cloud storage. In this article, we show how to securely, efficiently, and
flexibly share data with others in cloud storage. We describe new public-key cryptosystems which produce constant-size ciphertexts
such that efficient delegation of decryption rights for any set of ciphertexts are possible. The novelty is that one can aggregate any set
of secret keys and make them as compact as a single key, but encompassing the power of all the keys being aggregated. In other
words, the secret key holder can release a constant-size aggregate key for flexible choices of ciphertext set in cloud storage, but the
other encrypted files outside the set remain confidential. This compact aggregate key can be conveniently sent to others or be stored in
a smart card with very limited secure storage. We provide formal security analysis of our schemes in the standard model. We also
describe other application of our schemes. In particular, our schemes give the first public-key patient controlled encryption for flexible
hierarchy, which was yet to be known.
Secure Data Sharing Algorithm for Data Retrieval In Military Based NetworksIJTET Journal
Abstract— Mobile knots now armed atmospheres such equally battlefield or aggressive area remain expected toward smart after irregular net connectivity and regular panels. Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) tools stay attractive positive keys that agree knots toward connect with each other in these dangerous interacting atmospheres.The problem of applying the security mechanisms to DTN introduces several security challenges.Since nearly handlers could modification their related characteristics by approximately argument and reliability of data should be changed otherwise around isolated secrets power remain bargained significant reversal aimed at respectively characteristic is essential in command toward create organisms safe in this research a novel approaches are used to overcome the above mentioned problems called secure data sharing algorithm. This algorithm calculate hash importance aimed at coded documents which is used to check the reliability of encrypted confidential data.
Authentic Data Access Scheme for Variant Disruption- Tolerant NetworksEditor IJCATR
Mobile nodes in military environments such as a battlefield or a hostile region are likely to suffer from intermittent network
connectivity and frequent partitions. Disruption-tolerant network (DTN) technologies are becoming successful solutions that allow
wireless devices carried by soldiers to communicate with each other and access the confidential information or command reliably by
exploiting external storage nodes. However, the problem of applying CP-ABE in decentralized DTNs introduces several security and
privacy challenges with regard to the attribute revocation, key escrow, and coordination of attributes issued from different authorities.
In this paper, we propose a secure data retrieval scheme using CP-ABE for decentralized DTNs where multiple key authorities manage
their attributes independently. We demonstrate how to apply the proposed mechanism to securely and efficiently manage the
confidential data distributed in the disruption-tolerant military network. Since some users may change their associated attributes at
some point (for example, moving their region), or some private keys might be compromised, key revocation (or update) for each
attribute is necessary in order to make systems secure. This implies that revocation of any attribute or any single user in an attribute
group would affect the other users in the group. It may result in bottleneck during rekeying procedure, or security degradation due to
the windows of vulnerability if the previous attribute key is not updated immediately.
Cost effective authentic and anonymousnexgentech15
Nexgen Technology Address:
Nexgen Technology
No :66,4th cross,Venkata nagar,
Near SBI ATM,
Puducherry.
Email Id: praveen@nexgenproject.com.
www.nexgenproject.com
Mobile: 9751442511,9791938249
Telephone: 0413-2211159.
NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY as an efficient Software Training Center located at Pondicherry with IT Training on IEEE Projects in Android,IEEE IT B.Tech Student Projects, Android Projects Training with Placements Pondicherry, IEEE projects in pondicherry, final IEEE Projects in Pondicherry , MCA, BTech, BCA Projects in Pondicherry, Bulk IEEE PROJECTS IN Pondicherry.So far we have reached almost all engineering colleges located in Pondicherry and around 90km
Cost-Effective Authentic and Anonymous Data Sharing with Forward Securitynexgentechnology
bulk ieee projects in pondicherry,ieee projects in pondicherry,final year ieee projects in pondicherry
Nexgen Technology Address:
Nexgen Technology
No :66,4th cross,Venkata nagar,
Near SBI ATM,
Puducherry.
Email Id: praveen@nexgenproject.com.
www.nexgenproject.com
Mobile: 9751442511,9791938249
Telephone: 0413-2211159.
NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY as an efficient Software Training Center located at Pondicherry with IT Training on IEEE Projects in Android,IEEE IT B.Tech Student Projects, Android Projects Training with Placements Pondicherry, IEEE projects in pondicherry, final IEEE Projects in Pondicherry , MCA, BTech, BCA Projects in Pondicherry, Bulk IEEE PROJECTS IN Pondicherry.So far we have reached almost all engineering colleges located in Pondicherry and around 90km
COST-EFFECTIVE AUTHENTIC AND ANONYMOUS DATA SHARING WITH FORWARD SECURITYNexgen Technology
bulk ieee projects in pondicherry,ieee projects in pondicherry,final year ieee projects in pondicherry
Nexgen Technology Address:
Nexgen Technology
No :66,4th cross,Venkata nagar,
Near SBI ATM,
Puducherry.
Email Id: praveen@nexgenproject.com.
www.nexgenproject.com
Mobile: 9751442511,9791938249
Telephone: 0413-2211159.
NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY as an efficient Software Training Center located at Pondicherry with IT Training on IEEE Projects in Android,IEEE IT B.Tech Student Projects, Android Projects Training with Placements Pondicherry, IEEE projects in pondicherry, final IEEE Projects in Pondicherry , MCA, BTech, BCA Projects in Pondicherry, Bulk IEEE PROJECTS IN Pondicherry.So far we have reached almost all engineering colleges located in Pondicherry and around 90km
A Survey of Source Authentication Schemes for Multicast transfer in Adhoc Net...ijsrd.com
An adhoc network is a collection of autonomous nodes with dynamically changing infrastructure. Multicast is a good mechanism for group communication. It can be used in the group oriented applications like video/audio conference, interactive group games, video on demand etc. The security problems obstruct the large deployment of the multicast communication model. Multicast data origin authentication is the main component in the security architecture. The authentication schemes should scalable and efficient against packet loss. In this article we discuss varies authentication scheme for multicast data origin with their advantage and disadvantage
Learn the best way to overcome the challenges of your database homework! Our knowledgeable Database Homework Helpers have the skills necessary to handle challenging queries, improve SQL, and interpret ER diagrams. We make sure that your assignments stand out by providing in-depth knowledge and prompt assistance. Obtain success right away with database homework help!
Welcome to Database Homework Help, your one-stop database homework solution! We're here to help you understand database concepts. Our qualified experts are available 24/7 to answer database questions. Our professionals can help you with SQL queries, data normalization, and data modeling. We even specialize in advanced topics like JPA (Java Persistence API) and have attached a sample JPA question for your reference.
Our prompt and personalized assistance can help you overcome database homework challenges and master the subject. Our solutions are clear, concise, and plagiarism-free.
Visit our website, www.databasehomeworkhelp.com.
To get started, email us at info@databasehomeworkhelp.com or call us at +1 (336) 559-3795. Our dedicated team will help you succeed in your database homework.
A Review on Key-Aggregate Cryptosystem for Climbable Knowledge Sharing in Clo...Editor IJCATR
The Data sharing is an important functionality in cloud storage. In this article, we show how to securely, efficiently, and
flexibly share data with others in cloud storage. We describe new public-key cryptosystems which produce constant-size ciphertexts
such that efficient delegation of decryption rights for any set of ciphertexts are possible. The novelty is that one can aggregate any set
of secret keys and make them as compact as a single key, but encompassing the power of all the keys being aggregated. In other
words, the secret key holder can release a constant-size aggregate key for flexible choices of ciphertext set in cloud storage, but the
other encrypted files outside the set remain confidential. This compact aggregate key can be conveniently sent to others or be stored in
a smart card with very limited secure storage. We provide formal security analysis of our schemes in the standard model. We also
describe other application of our schemes. In particular, our schemes give the first public-key patient controlled encryption for flexible
hierarchy, which was yet to be known.
Secure Data Sharing Algorithm for Data Retrieval In Military Based NetworksIJTET Journal
Abstract— Mobile knots now armed atmospheres such equally battlefield or aggressive area remain expected toward smart after irregular net connectivity and regular panels. Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) tools stay attractive positive keys that agree knots toward connect with each other in these dangerous interacting atmospheres.The problem of applying the security mechanisms to DTN introduces several security challenges.Since nearly handlers could modification their related characteristics by approximately argument and reliability of data should be changed otherwise around isolated secrets power remain bargained significant reversal aimed at respectively characteristic is essential in command toward create organisms safe in this research a novel approaches are used to overcome the above mentioned problems called secure data sharing algorithm. This algorithm calculate hash importance aimed at coded documents which is used to check the reliability of encrypted confidential data.
Authentic Data Access Scheme for Variant Disruption- Tolerant NetworksEditor IJCATR
Mobile nodes in military environments such as a battlefield or a hostile region are likely to suffer from intermittent network
connectivity and frequent partitions. Disruption-tolerant network (DTN) technologies are becoming successful solutions that allow
wireless devices carried by soldiers to communicate with each other and access the confidential information or command reliably by
exploiting external storage nodes. However, the problem of applying CP-ABE in decentralized DTNs introduces several security and
privacy challenges with regard to the attribute revocation, key escrow, and coordination of attributes issued from different authorities.
In this paper, we propose a secure data retrieval scheme using CP-ABE for decentralized DTNs where multiple key authorities manage
their attributes independently. We demonstrate how to apply the proposed mechanism to securely and efficiently manage the
confidential data distributed in the disruption-tolerant military network. Since some users may change their associated attributes at
some point (for example, moving their region), or some private keys might be compromised, key revocation (or update) for each
attribute is necessary in order to make systems secure. This implies that revocation of any attribute or any single user in an attribute
group would affect the other users in the group. It may result in bottleneck during rekeying procedure, or security degradation due to
the windows of vulnerability if the previous attribute key is not updated immediately.
Cost effective authentic and anonymousnexgentech15
Nexgen Technology Address:
Nexgen Technology
No :66,4th cross,Venkata nagar,
Near SBI ATM,
Puducherry.
Email Id: praveen@nexgenproject.com.
www.nexgenproject.com
Mobile: 9751442511,9791938249
Telephone: 0413-2211159.
NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY as an efficient Software Training Center located at Pondicherry with IT Training on IEEE Projects in Android,IEEE IT B.Tech Student Projects, Android Projects Training with Placements Pondicherry, IEEE projects in pondicherry, final IEEE Projects in Pondicherry , MCA, BTech, BCA Projects in Pondicherry, Bulk IEEE PROJECTS IN Pondicherry.So far we have reached almost all engineering colleges located in Pondicherry and around 90km
Cost-Effective Authentic and Anonymous Data Sharing with Forward Securitynexgentechnology
bulk ieee projects in pondicherry,ieee projects in pondicherry,final year ieee projects in pondicherry
Nexgen Technology Address:
Nexgen Technology
No :66,4th cross,Venkata nagar,
Near SBI ATM,
Puducherry.
Email Id: praveen@nexgenproject.com.
www.nexgenproject.com
Mobile: 9751442511,9791938249
Telephone: 0413-2211159.
NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY as an efficient Software Training Center located at Pondicherry with IT Training on IEEE Projects in Android,IEEE IT B.Tech Student Projects, Android Projects Training with Placements Pondicherry, IEEE projects in pondicherry, final IEEE Projects in Pondicherry , MCA, BTech, BCA Projects in Pondicherry, Bulk IEEE PROJECTS IN Pondicherry.So far we have reached almost all engineering colleges located in Pondicherry and around 90km
COST-EFFECTIVE AUTHENTIC AND ANONYMOUS DATA SHARING WITH FORWARD SECURITYNexgen Technology
bulk ieee projects in pondicherry,ieee projects in pondicherry,final year ieee projects in pondicherry
Nexgen Technology Address:
Nexgen Technology
No :66,4th cross,Venkata nagar,
Near SBI ATM,
Puducherry.
Email Id: praveen@nexgenproject.com.
www.nexgenproject.com
Mobile: 9751442511,9791938249
Telephone: 0413-2211159.
NEXGEN TECHNOLOGY as an efficient Software Training Center located at Pondicherry with IT Training on IEEE Projects in Android,IEEE IT B.Tech Student Projects, Android Projects Training with Placements Pondicherry, IEEE projects in pondicherry, final IEEE Projects in Pondicherry , MCA, BTech, BCA Projects in Pondicherry, Bulk IEEE PROJECTS IN Pondicherry.So far we have reached almost all engineering colleges located in Pondicherry and around 90km
A Survey of Source Authentication Schemes for Multicast transfer in Adhoc Net...ijsrd.com
An adhoc network is a collection of autonomous nodes with dynamically changing infrastructure. Multicast is a good mechanism for group communication. It can be used in the group oriented applications like video/audio conference, interactive group games, video on demand etc. The security problems obstruct the large deployment of the multicast communication model. Multicast data origin authentication is the main component in the security architecture. The authentication schemes should scalable and efficient against packet loss. In this article we discuss varies authentication scheme for multicast data origin with their advantage and disadvantage
Learn the best way to overcome the challenges of your database homework! Our knowledgeable Database Homework Helpers have the skills necessary to handle challenging queries, improve SQL, and interpret ER diagrams. We make sure that your assignments stand out by providing in-depth knowledge and prompt assistance. Obtain success right away with database homework help!
Welcome to Database Homework Help, your one-stop database homework solution! We're here to help you understand database concepts. Our qualified experts are available 24/7 to answer database questions. Our professionals can help you with SQL queries, data normalization, and data modeling. We even specialize in advanced topics like JPA (Java Persistence API) and have attached a sample JPA question for your reference.
Our prompt and personalized assistance can help you overcome database homework challenges and master the subject. Our solutions are clear, concise, and plagiarism-free.
Visit our website, www.databasehomeworkhelp.com.
To get started, email us at info@databasehomeworkhelp.com or call us at +1 (336) 559-3795. Our dedicated team will help you succeed in your database homework.
We provide the best Database Homework Help online, and we guarantee that the clients get the highest score. We can work in a short time duration by maintaining the quality of work. Your deadline becomes our priority when you hire us!
Reach out to our team via: -
Website: -https://www.databasehomeworkhelp.com/
Email: info@databasehomeworkhelp.com
Call/WhatsApp: +1(315)557–6473
My name is Alicia Linton. I have been associated with databasehomeworkhelp.com as a Database Homework Help expert for the past 7 years and have been helping students with their Database Homework. I have a Ph.D in Database Management from McGill University.
My name is Aaron Pollard. I am associated with databasehomeworkhelp.com for the past 8 years and have been helping students with their Database Homework. I have a Master's in Database Management from the University of British Colombia.
I am Amy Potter. Currently associated with databasehomeworkhelp.com as a Database Homework Help tutor. After completing my Ph.D. at New York University University, I was in search of an opportunity that would expand my area of knowledge hence I decided to help students with their assignments. I have completed several database homework to help students overcome difficulties they often face.
I am Henry Wilkins. Currently associated with databasehomeworkhelp.com as a Database tutor. After completing my Ph.D. at Kingston University, I was in search of an opportunity that would expand my area of knowledge hence I decided to help students with their assignments. I have completed several database homework to date to help students overcome difficulties they often face.
I am Tyler Walsh. I love exploring new topics. Academic writing seemed an exciting option for me. After working for many years with databasehomeworkhelp.com, I have assisted many students with their homework. I can proudly say, each student I have served is happy with the quality of the solution that I have provided. I acquired my master's from the University of Queensland.
I am Susan C. Currently associated with databasehomeworkhelp.com as a Database System Assignment Expert. After completing my Master’s Degree in Programming, from Leeds, UK, I was in search of an opportunity that expands my area of knowledge hence I decided to help students with their assignments. I have written various database assignments till date to help students overcome numerous difficulties they face in Database System Assignments.
databasehomeworkhelp.com_ Database System Assignment Help (1).pptxDatabase Homework Help
I am Bryson J. I love exploring new topics. Academic writing seemed an interesting option for me. After working for many years with databasehomeworkhelp.com, I have assisted many students with their assignments. I can proudly say, each student I have served is happy with the quality of the solution that I have provided. I have acquired my PhD. in Programming, from Texas University, USA.
I am Kefa J. I am a Database Homework Expert at databasehomeworkhelp.com. I hold a Ph.D. in Programming, Princeton University, USA. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 7 years. I solve homework related to database.
Visit databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Database Homework.
I am Elena Y. I am an Instant DBMS Assignment Expert at databasehomeworkhelp.com. I hold a Master’s Degree in Programming, from Leeds, UK. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 9 years. I solve assignments related to Instant DBMS.
Visit databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Instant DBMS Assignment.
I am Bryson J. I am a Database Homework Expert at databasehomeworkhelp.com. I hold a PhD. in Programming, from Texas University, USA. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 7 years. I solve homework related to Database.
Visit databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Database Homework.
I am Samantha K. I am a Database Homework Expert at databasehomeworkhelp.com. I hold a PhD. in Programming, from McGill University, Canada. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 9 years. I solve homework related to Database.
Visit databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Database Homework.
I am Susan C. I am an Instant DBMS Homework Expert at databasehomeworkhelp.com. I hold a Master’s Degree in Programming, from Leeds, UK. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 9 years. I solve homework related to Instant DBMS.
Visit databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Instant DBMS Homework.
I am Kefa J. I am a Database Management Homework Expert at databasehomeworkhelp.com. I hold a Ph.D. in Programming, Princeton University, USA. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 12 years. I solve homework related to Database Management.
Visit databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Database Management Homework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2. Q.1 Briefly answer the following questions:
1.1 Explain the intuition behind the two rules in the Bell-LaPadula model for mandatory access
control.
1.2 Give an example of how covert channels can be used to defeat the Bell-LaPadula model.
1.3 Give an example of polyinstantiation.
1.4 Describe a scenario in which mandatory access controls prevent a breach of security that
cannot be prevented through discretionary controls.
1.5 Describe a scenario in which discretionary access controls are required to enforce a
security policy that cannot be enforced using only mandatory controls.
1.6 If a DBMS already supports discretionary and mandatory access controls, is there a need
for encryption?
1.7 Explain the need for each of the following limits in a statistical database system:
a) A maximum on the number of queries a user can pose.
b) A minimum on the number of tuples involved in answering a query.
c) A maximum on the intersection of two queries (i.e., on the number of tuples that both
queries examine).
1.8 Explain the use of an audit trail, with special reference to a statistical database system.
1.9 What is the role of the DBA with respect to security?
1.10 Describe AES and its relationship to DES.
3. 1.11 What is public-key encryption? How does it differ from the encryption approach taken in
the Data Encryption Standard (DES), and in what ways is it better than DES?
1.12 Explain how a company offering services on the Internet could use encryption- based
techniques to make its order-entry process secure. Discuss the role of DES, AES, SSL, SET, and
digital signatures. Search the Web to find out more about related techniques such as
electronic cash.
Solution:
1.1 The Simple Security Property states that subjects can only interact with objects with a lesser or
equal security class. This ensures subjects with low security classes from accessing high security
objects. The *-Property states that subjects can only create objects with a greater or equal security
class. This prevents a high security subject from mistakenly creating an object with a low security
class (which low security subjects could then access!).
1.2 One example of a covert channel is in statistical databases. If a malicious subject wants to find
the salary of a new employee, and can issue queries to find the average salary in a department, and
the total number of current employees in the depatment, then the malicious subject can calculate
the new employees salary based on the increase in average salary and number of employees.
1.3 Say relation R contains the following values:
4. Then subjects with security class U will see R as:
Subjects with security class C will see R as:
Subjects with security class TS will see R as:
5. 1.4 Trojan horse tables are an example where discretionary access controls are not sufficient. If a
malicious user creates a table and has access to the source code of some other user with privileges
to other tables, then the malicious user can modify the source code to copy tuples from privileged
tables to his or her non-privileged table.
1.5 Manditory access controls do not distinguish between people in the same clearance level so it is
not possible to limit permissions to certain users within the same clearance level. Also, it is not
possible to give only insert or select privileges to different users in the same level: all users in the
same clearance level have select, insert, delete and update privileges.
1.6 Yes, especially if the data is transmitted over a network in a distributed environment. In these
cases it is important to encrypt the data so people ’listening’ on the wire cannot directly access the
information.
1.7 a) If a user can issue an unlimited number of queries, he or she can repeatedly decompose
statistical information by gathering the statistics at each level (for example, at age ¿ 20, age ¿ 21,
etc.).
b) If a malicious subject can query a database and retrieve single rows of statistical information, he
or she may be able to isolate sensitive information such as maximum and minimum values.
c) Often the information from two queries can be combined to deduce or infer specific values. This
is often the case with average and total aggregates. This can be prevented by restricting the tuple
overlap between queries.
6. 1.8 The audit trail is a log of updates with the authorization id of the user who issued the update.
Since it is possible to infer information from statistical databases using repeated queries, or queries
that target a common set of tuples, the DBA can use an audit trail to see which people issued these
security-breaking queries.
1.9 The DBA creates new accounts, ensures that passwords are safe and changed often, assigns
mandatory access control levels, and can analyze the audit trail to look for security breaches. They
can also assist users with their discretionary permissions.
1.10 Public-key encryption is an encryption scheme that uses a public encryption key and a private
decryption key. These keys are part of one-way functions whose in- verse is very difficult to
determine (which is why large prime numbers are involved in encryption algorithms...factoring is
difficult!). The public key and private key are inverses which allow a user to encrypt any information,
but only the person with the private key can decode the messages. DES has only one key and a
specific decrypting algorithm. DES decoding can be more difficult and relies on only one key so both
the sender and the receiver must know it.
1.11 A one-way function is a mathematical function whose inversese is very difficult to determine.
These are used to determine the public and private keys, and to do the actual decoding: a message is
encoding using the function and is decoded using the inverse of the function. Since the inverse is
difficult to find, the code can not be broken easily.
7. 1.12 An internet server could issue each user a public key with which to encrypt his or her
data and send it back to the server (which holds all of the private keys). This way users
cannot decode other users’ messages, and even knowledge of the public key is not
sufficient to decode the message. With DES, the encryption key is used both in encryption
and decryption so sending keys to users is risky (anyone who intercepts the key can
potentially decode the message).
Q.2 You are a painter and have an Internet store where you sell your paintings directly to the
public. You would like customers to pay for their purchases with credit cards, and wish to ensure
that these electronic transactions are secure.
Assume that Mary wants to purchase your recent painting of the Cornell Uris Library. Answer the
following questions.
2.1 How can you ensure that the user who is purchasing the painting is really Mary?
2.2 Explain how SSL ensures that the communication of the credit card number is secure. What is
the role of a certification authority in this case?
2.3 Assume that you would like Mary to be able to verify that all your email messages are really
sent from you. How can you authenticate your messages without encrypting the actual text?
8. 2.4 Assume that your customers can also negotiate the price of certain paintings and assume
that Mary wants to negotiate the price of your painting of the Madison Terrace. You would like
the text of this communication to be private between you and Mary. Explain the advantages
and disadvantages of different methods of encrypting your communication with Mary.
Solution:
2.1 In order to determine whether the user who is purchasing the painting is really Mary, we need
some level of verification when Mary first registers with the system. On the lowest level, we can
simply ask the user to confirm things like Mary’s address or social security number. To increase the
level of security, we could also ask the user to verify Mary’s credit card number. Since these numbers
are deemed difficult to obtain, most merchant websites consider this sufficient evidence for proof of
identity.
For an even higher level of security, we can take external steps to verify Mary’s information such as
calling her up with the phone number provided, sending a let- ter to Mary’s mailing address, or
sending her an e-mail with instructions to reply back. In each instance, we attempt to validate the
information the user provided so that the element of uncertainty in the provided information is
decreased.
2.2 SSL Encryption is a form of public-key encryption where a third party certification authority acts
to validate public keys between two clients. In a general public-key encryption system, data is sent to
a user encrypted with a publicly known key for that user, such that only the user’s private key, known
only to that user, can be used to decrypt the data.
9. Attempts to decrypt the information using other keys will produce garbage data, and the ability to
decipher the private key is considered computationally expensive even for the most modern
computing systems.
In SSL Encryption, the client transmitting the data asks the certification authority for a certificate
containing public key information about the other client. The first client then validates this
information by decrypting the certificate to get the second client’s public key. If the decrypted
certificate matches up with the certification authority’s information, the first client then uses this
public key to encrypt a randomly generated session key and sends it to the second client. The first
client and second client now have a randomly generated public-key system that they can use to
communicate privately without fear that anyone else can decode their information.
Once complete, SSL encryption ensures that data such as credit card information transmitted
between the two clients cannot be easily decrypted by others intercepting packets because the
certification authority helped to generate a randomly created public-key that only the two clients
involved can understand.
2.3 A message to Mary can be sent unencrypted with a message signature attached to the message.
A signature is obtained by applying a one-way function to the message and is considerably smaller
than the message itself. Mary can then apply the one-way function and if the results of it match the
signature, she’ll know it was authentic.
2.4 One method of sending Mary a message is to create a digital signature for the message by
encrypting it twice.
10. First, we encrypt the message using our private key, then we encrypt the results using Mary’s
public key. The first encryption ensures that the message did indeed come from us, since only we
know our private key while the second encryption ensures that only Mary can read the message,
since only Mary knows her private key.
This system is very safe from tampering since it is hard to send a message pretending to be
someone else as well as difficult to properly decode an intercepted message. The only
disadvantages are that it requires that we have copies of each person’s public key as well as spend
the time to encrypt/decrypt the messages. For example, if Mary receives the message on her
laptop or PDA while traveling, she may not have the resources or public keys to decrypt it and
respond, and might need to wait until she returns to the office.
Another method of communicating with Mary, discussed in the previous question, is to use
message signatures. This allows Mary to be able to read the message from almost any system
since it is not encrypted and ensure that the message is authentic. The only disadvantage is that it
does not safely prevent someone else from reading the message as well.