The document discusses various types of financial ratios used to analyze a company's performance and financial health. It covers liquidity ratios, activity ratios, solvency ratios, profitability ratios, and ownership ratios. Specific ratios mentioned include the current ratio, quick ratio, cash ratio, accounts receivable turnover, inventory turnover, total assets turnover, debt ratio, times interest earned, gross profit margin, return on assets, earnings per share, and price to earnings ratio. The ratios are used to evaluate a company's liquidity, asset use efficiency, debt levels, profitability, and stock valuation.