this module helps you to understand technology

1. EDUC 204 – Technology for Teaching and Learning 1
MODULE 1 - Unit 1 – Introduction to Technology for Teaching and Learning
ILO:
At the end of the unit, students must have:
a. defined basic concepts in understanding ICT in education.
BTI/CLO: 1.1.1 [1]
A. Basic Concepts to be defined:
1. Technology
Technology can be defined as the practical application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially
in an industrial context. It encompasses the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life,
society, and the environment. This can include tangible tools such as machines, as well as intangible products like
software. The term "technology" also refers to the branch of knowledge that deals with these creations and their
use [1], [2], [3], [4].
[1] https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/technology
[2] https://www.dictionary.com/browse/technology
[3] https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/technology
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology
2. Information and Communication
The concept of information encompasses various perspectives, including information as a resource, a commodity,
a perception of patterns, and a form of control and feedback. It is often associated with the interpretation of data
or stimuli, and it is not limited to its transmission through communication channels. Information is distinguished
from data by its meaning and context for the receiver. It is also connected to concepts such as constraint,
communication, knowledge, understanding, and entropy. In the context of information technology, data is
transformed into information through processing and organization, and it is a valuable resource that can lead to
knowledge. The concept of information is dynamic and has evolved over time, reflecting changes in historical and
scientific contexts [1], [2], [4].
[1] http://www.capurro.de/infoconcept.html
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information
[4] https://www.techtarget.com/searchdatamanagement/definition/information
The concept of communication involves the transmission of information from one place, person, or group to
another. It encompasses the process of understanding and sharing meaning, and it consists of essential elements
such as a sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, context, and interference. Communication is
not just the act of transferring information, but also requires an element of success in transmitting or imparting
a message, whether it's information, ideas, or emotions. It involves both verbal and non-verbal messages and
requires a full understanding of behaviors associated with the sender and receiver. The ultimate goal of
communication is mutual understanding [1], [2], [3].

2. [1] https://open.lib.umn.edu/businesscommunication/chapter/1-2-what-is-communication/
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication
[3] https://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/what-is-communication.html
3. Educational Technology
Educational technology, often abbreviated as EdTech, refers to the combined use of computer hardware, software,
and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning. It involves the integration of technology into education
in a positive manner, encompassing various aspects such as e-learning, instructional technology, information and
communication technology (ICT) in education, and other related fields. Educational technology is important as it
helps improve teaching and learning by enabling teachers to integrate new technologies, engage students in
innovative ways, and improve student engagement and achievement with technology. It also involves the analysis,
design, development, implementation, and evaluation of the instructional environment, learning materials,
learners, and the learning process to enhance education [1], [2].
Citations:
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology
[2] https://www.loyola.edu/school-education/blog/2021/what-is-educational-technology
4. Technology, Media, and Learning
Technology, media, and learning are interconnected concepts but have distinct meanings.
- **Technology**: It refers to the practical application of knowledge, especially in a particular area. In the context
of educational technology, it involves the combined use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory
and practice to facilitate learning [3][5].
- **Media**: Media encompasses various communication channels and tools used to transmit, store, create, share,
or exchange information. This includes traditional media such as print, broadcast television, and radio, as well as
digital formats like the internet, online resources, and digital broadcasting [1][4].
- **Learning**: Learning involves the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or teaching.
In the context of learning technology, it focuses on using current and emerging technologies to create new media,
design innovative instruction, and build online learning experiences that enrich informal and formal education
[2].
In summary, while technology is the practical application of knowledge, media encompasses communication
channels, and learning focuses on the acquisition of knowledge and skills through various technological and
media-based approaches.
Citations:
[1] https://www.journalguide.com/journals/learning-media-and-technology
[2] https://www.umass.edu/education/academics/learning-media-technology
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology
[4] https://learningportal.iiep.unesco.org/en/glossary/information-and-communication-technologies-ict
[5] https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/technology

3. 5. Instructional System and Instructional Technology
Instructional Systems and Instructional Technology are related fields within the broader domain of education.
- **Instructional Systems**: It is an area of specialization that focuses on improving educational and training
programs. It draws upon communications and management to enhance human performance. Professionals in this
field may work as trainers, consultants, K-12 teachers, faculty, educational technology coordinators, instructional
designers, and in other related roles [1].
- **Instructional Technology**: This discipline focuses on ways to improve learning and performance for
students of all ages. It involves the study of how people acquire, process, and share information to create effective
learning environments. Instructional technology is a broad field that includes educational technology,
instructional design, performance technology, and workplace learning and performance improvement.
Professionals in this field may work as e-learning developers, instructional designers, corporate trainers,
technology coordinators, and in various other roles [2].
In summary, Instructional Systems and Instructional Technology are both concerned with improving learning and
performance through the use of various tools, techniques, and technologies. While Instructional Systems has a
broader focus on educational and training programs, Instructional Technology encompasses a wide range of
areas, including educational technology, instructional design, and performance improvement.
Citations:
[1] https://distance.fsu.edu/programs/instructional-systems-learning-technologies-ms
[2] https://online.iu.edu/degrees/instructional-systems-technology-edd-doctoral.html
6. Technology Tools
Technology tools refer to various electronic, digital, or physical resources that support specific tasks or activities.
In the context of education, technology tools can include software, apps, platforms, and physical devices used to
develop, deliver, and support learning and teaching. These tools can be utilized in virtual, hybrid, or traditional
learning environments to enhance the educational experience for both students and educators. Examples of
technology tools for the classroom include quiz and assessment platforms, interactive learning software,
educational apps, and digital resources. These tools are designed to improve engagement, accessibility, and the
overall effectiveness of the learning process [2].
Citations:
[2] https://sphero.com/blogs/news/technology-tools-for-the-classroom
B. Roles of ICT in Teaching and Learning
The roles of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching and learning are diverse and
impactful. Some of the key roles include:
1. **Promoting Higher-Order Thinking Skills**: ICT promotes skills such as evaluating, planning, monitoring,
and reflecting, which are essential for 21st-century learning [1].
2. **Facilitating E-Learning and Online Learning**: ICT enables new and innovative ways of learning for both
students and teachers, including the increasing popularity of e-learning and online learning platforms [1].
3. **Enhancing Subject Learning**: The use of ICT in education adds value to key learning areas, contributing
to a more effective and engaging learning experience [1].

4. 4. **Accessing Course Materials Remotely**: ICT allows students to access course materials through remote
devices, enabling flexible and accessible learning opportunities [2].
5. **Utilizing Digital Repositories for Learning**: Online digital repositories and resources support the storage
and access of educational materials, lectures, and course content [2].
6. **Assisting Students in Research**: ICT provides students and researchers with access to a wealth of data
and information, supporting research activities and academic pursuits [3].
7. **Enabling Innovative Educational Resources and Methods**: ICT enables the use of innovative educational
resources and the renewal of learning methods, fostering active collaboration and student engagement [4].
8. **Improving Teaching Effectiveness**: ICT streamlines administrative tasks for educators, allowing them to
focus more on core teaching and individualized instruction, thus enhancing teaching effectiveness [3].
9. **Impact on Student Learning**: ICT can significantly impact student learning when teachers are digitally
literate and understand how to integrate ICT effectively into their teaching practices [5].
In summary, ICT plays a crucial role in promoting higher-order thinking, facilitating flexible learning
opportunities, enhancing subject learning, supporting research activities, enabling innovative educational
resources, and improving teaching effectiveness. When integrated effectively, ICT can have a profound and
positive impact on teaching and learning processes.
Citations:
[1] https://www.ictesolutions.com.au/blog/why-schools-should-invest-in-ict/
[2] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349924124_ROLE_OF_ICT_IN_TEACHING_AND_LEARNING
[3] https://blog.teachmint.com/role-of-ict-in-education/
[4] https://pedagoo.com/uses-of-ict-in-education/?lang=en
[5] https://learningportal.iiep.unesco.org/en/issue-briefs/improve-learning/information-and-communication-
technology-ict-in-education