This document discusses the history and concepts of e-research. It begins with an introduction by Khadak Raj Adhikari and outlines what will be discussed, including the definition of e-research, its key aspects, a timeline of its history from 1994 to the present, and how it compares to traditional research. The timeline discusses the development of e-research alongside the evolution of the world wide web from versions 1.0 to 4.0. It describes how e-research has advanced research processes by facilitating online collaboration, data collection and analysis using digital tools.

1. WELCOME
Nepal Open University
Winer batch-2076
Roll No:76155004
Introduction and E-Research Time Line Review
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
Presented by
Khadak Raj Adhikari
M.Phil. Scholar in
Mathematics Education

2. What shall we discuss today?
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
• Introduction to E-Research
• 6 Es in E-Research
• E-Research Time lines(History)
• E-Research Vs Traditional Research
• Conclusion

3. E-Research
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
What is E-Research?
E-research states that the use of
information and communication
technology(ICT) to facilitate research.
Such type of research makes use of
internet-based tools and techniques.
Or, simply say Internet based Research.

4. E-Research
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
The concept of E-research came in academic circles since 2000.
E-Research faced many challenges, both technical and
organizational.
Traditional research rewards individual
performance and specialization
E-Research focused on collective and
interdisciplinary approach
It has been abused and misused by people
and keen to “jump on the bandwagon”.

5. E-Research
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
Supporting infrastructure can includes hardware,
software, networking, and human resources.
IT tools are teleconferencing, web publications and
online collaboration.
Journals, articles, and other information are easily
available via internet.
E-research is more accurate, and it is easy for collecting
and processing the data.

6. E-Research
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
• E-electronically
• E- enhance
• E- empower
• E- enable
• E- excites
• E- explore
E-Research
Digital
Technology

7. Web and E-Research(1994-2000)
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
1st Generation web 1.0:
It was the first stage or generation of the
world wide web. Only reading materials were
published which means that users could not
add or interact with the materials.
E-research are just started on this stage.
Companies' and personal websites only
showed the information.

8. Web and E-Research(1994-2000)
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
1st Generation web 1.0:
In this period, E-Science was created by John
Taylor, the Director General of the United
Kingdom's Office of Science and Technology in
1999 and was used to describe a large funding
initiative starting in November 2000.
e-Science centres support their local universities
and projects, including science and E-Research

9. Web and E-Research(2000-2010)
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
2nd Generation web 2.0:
It was known as “The Social Web” as users were interact
and connect with other users. All social media such as
Blogs, Facebook, YouTube and many more emerged.
Practices are changing; the landscape of research
collaboration, data collection, analysis and dissemination
and addressing the impact of these e-research tools in
education. In this stage, the digital research is used.

10. Web and E-Research(2010-2020)
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
• 3rd Generation web 3.0:
• Computers automatically come to
conclusions and make decisions of
certain type of quires.
• Websites and search engines are
more connected to each other. This
gives the users more precise
information, easier interaction and
faster navigation.

11. Web and E-Research(2010-2020)
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
• Modern tools for data collection
made the research process more
accurate and easier.
• New research instruments and
techniques explored new ways to
do research and, indeed, new
ways to be a researcher.

12. Web and E-Research(2020-2030)
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
• 4thGeneration web 4.0: Artificial intelligence is
the capacity of a computer to communicate, reason
and behave just like a human.
• Virtual realities, holograms, all house appliances
being connected to the internet and implants to
restore vision and used in Research.
• It brought drastic change in the field of research.
• Raised the Issues of responsibility, ethics and ethical
awareness

13. E-Research vs Traditional Research
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari

14. Finally,
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
Finally, The internet
based research is
known as E-research. All
the process like data
collection, analysis and
dissemination are to be
done with digital tools.

15. References
By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
• https://hummedia.manchester.ac.uk/institutes/methods-
manchester/docs/eresearch.pdf
• Jocelyn Wishart & Michael Thomas (2015) Introducing e-research in
educational contexts, digital methods and issues arising, International
Journal of Research & Method in Education, 38:3, 223-229, DOI:
10.1080/1743727X.2015.1036852
• British Journal of Educational Technology Vol 45 No 3 2014 385–391
doi:10.1111/bjet.12154(Editorial: e-Research for education: Applied,
methodological and critical perspectives)
• http://jayathriwijayarathne.blogspot.com/2015/02/web-
10203040.html

16. By: Khadak Raj Adhikari
Thank You!!