Introducing the LEED Resilient Design Pilot Credits

Introducing the
LEED® Resilient Design Pilot Credits
Gulf Coast Green
Mary
Ann
Lazarus
FAIA,
LEED
BD+C

Principal,
MALeco

April
28,
2016

Program Overview
•  Why
Resilient
Design,
Why
Now?

•  LEED
Resilient
Design
Pilot
Credits

•  Project
Example

•  Discussion

RESILIENCE IS MORE
THAN
• 

Disaster
Recovery

• 

Hardening

• 

Emergency
Preparedness

• 

Climate
Change
MiNgaNon

• 

Sustainability

RESILIENCE IS
ABOUT
•  Long
term
Planning

• 

AdaptaNon

• 

Short-‐term
Survivability

• 

Cascading
Impacts

• 

Community
Building

• 

Durability/Flexibility

• 

Responsiveness

DepleNon

Sustainability

Time

Resources

Renewal

Resilience/ Sustainability
Sustainability
=
the
ability
to

survive
for
all
living
things

Resilience
=
the
ability
to
thrive
and

adapt
to
change,
through
learning,

for
all
living
things

Source: Eskew Dumez Ripple
Source:
A
Framework
for
Resilient
Design

Eskew+Dumez+Ripple

Resilience Definition
Resilience
is
the
capacity
to
adapt
to

changing
condiNons
and
to
maintain
or

regain
funcNonality
and
vitality
in
the
face

of
stress
or
disturbance.
It
is
the
capacity

to
bounce
back
aYer
a
disturbance
or

interrupNon.

Resilient
Design
InsNtute

Hurricane
Risk
Areas

Earthquake
Hazard
Areas

Fire
Danger
Zones

New earthquake Advisory from USGS
“…some places in Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas,
and Arkansas may experience damage if the induced seismicity
continues unabated”
Source: USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/induced/

Risks
TornadosHurricanesFloodsEarthquakesTotal Risk Picture
Resilience
is
needed
everywhere

Changing conditions in the Northwest
Source: USGCPR report Climate Change Impacts in the
United States, 2014

Latest Climate News
Source: NOAA
January 20, 2016

How Hot and Wet was Houston in 2015?
Source: New York Times
Temperature: 1.3 above normal
Precipitation : 22.5” above normal

8
of
the
10
costliest
hurricanes
in
US
history
occurred

in
the
past
decade.

According to FEMA
20152005
$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$
$
$

Source:
AIA
NaNonal

Short-Term Impacts: Power Outages
Blackout caused by Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012 – photo: Eric Chang

Energy Distribution in the U.S.
•  160,000 miles of high-
voltage power lines
•  3,400 power plants
•  150 refineries, half in the
Gulf Coast
•  2.5 million miles of oil
and gas pipelines

Cascading impacts – Short Term
Gas line in Woodbridge, NJ on November 1, 2012 – photo: AP

Drought & Water Shortages
Lake Heron, Los Ojos, New Mexico, August 2014.
Photo: Eddie Moore, Albuquerque Journal Lake Lanier near Atlanta, September,
2007 – Photo: Washington Post

State/Regional Hazard Mitigation
Requirements
HOUSTON-GALVESTON AREA COUNCIL
REGIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
2011 UPDATE
Approved: October 11, 2012

Government Drivers:
Executive Actions on Climate Change
ExecuNve
Order
13653

Department of Defense Directive
January 14, 2016
“The
DoD
must
be
able

to
adapt
current
and

future
operaNons
to

address
the
impacts
of

climate
change
in
order

to
maintain
an
eﬀecNve

and
eﬃcient
U.S.

military.”

Resilience applies at all Scales

▪  Infrastructure failure
▪  Hurricanes
▪  Earthquakes
▪  Wildfires
▪  Heat waves
▪  Blizzard
▪  Health epidemics
Shocks Stresses
§  Affordable
housing
§  Aging population
§  Environmental
degradation
§  Sea level rise
§  Growing wealth gap
§  Drought
§  Species extinction
Source:
AIA
Na-onal
and
100
Resilient
Ci-es

▪  Flooding
▪  Tornadoes
▪  Acts of terrorism
▪  Civil unrest
▪  Dam failure
▪  Subsidence
▪  Liquefaction
§  Aging Infrastructure
§  Population growth
§  Unemployment
§  Melting polar ice caps
§  Global warming
§  Food scarcity
§  Increasing pollution

Resilience Dividend
Conditions
Time
EVENT
EVENT
EVENT
Source:
A
Framework
for
Resilient
Design
Eskew
+Dumez+Ripple

WHY RESILIENT DESIGN
WHY NOW?
•  Natural
Hazards

•  Climate
VulnerabiliNes

•  Government
RegulaNon

•  Financial

•  Social/Economic/Equity
Impacts

LEED PILOT RESILIENT DESIGN
CREDITS

…An
entry
point
for
including
resilient
design

thinking
into
project
planning,
design,
and

implementaNon.

LEED Pilot Credits on Resilient Design
WHY?

3 Credit Suite:

A GROUP effort:
Core
Team

Alex
Wilson,
Resilient
Design

InsNtute

Mary
Ann
Lazarus,
FAIA,
MALeco

Betsy
del
Monte,
FAIA,
Transform

Global

Mark
Meaders,
HDR

Rachel
Minnery,
FAIA,
American

InsNtute
of
Architects

Val
Walsh,
Walsh
Sustainability

Group

Lona
Rerick,
AIA,
ZGF
Architects

Ted
van
der
Linden,
DPR

ConstrucNon

Advisors
(par?al
list)

Ibrahim
AlmuYi,
P.E.
Arup

Illya
Azaroﬀ,
AIA
+LAB
Architects

Gail
Brager,
Ph.D.,
Center
for
Built

Environment

Ryan
Colker,
NIBS

Ann
Kosmal,
AIA,
GSA

Brendon
Levii,
RA,
Loisos
+
Ubbelohde,

Jim
Newman,
Linnean
SoluNons

Luke
Leung,
P.E.,
SOM

Erik
Olsen,
P.E.,
Transsolar
KlimaEngineering

Carl
Sterner,
Assoc.
AIA,
Sefaira

Sami
Vikram,
AIA,
ZGF
Architects

Don
Watson,
FAIA,
EarthRise
Design

Resilient Design - Project Applicability ?

AIRPORT JAIL
MILITARY BASE COURTHOUSE
Lambert International Airport

L.B. Landry High School, New Orleans LA (Eskew+Dumez+Ripple) Military Medical School, Fort Sam Houston TX (RTKL)
Colorado Court Affordable Housing, Santa Monica CA (Pugh + Scarpa) West Vancouver Community Centre, British Columbia (HCMA)
EDUCATIONAL
RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITY
CRITICAL CARE

Suite of 3 LEED pilot credits
IPpc98:
Assessment

and
planning
for

resilience

IPpc99:
Design
for

enhanced
resilience

IPpc100:
Passive

survivability
and

funcNonality
during

emergencies

Operable, triple-glazed windows in patient rooms at
Spaulding Rehab Hospital - photo: Perkins + Will

IPpc98– Assessment and planning for
resilience
Intent:

To
encourage
designers,
planners
and
building
owners/
operators
to
proac?vely
plan
before
design
commences
for
the

poten?al
impacts
of
natural
disasters
or
disturbances
as
well
as

address
issues
that
impact
long-‐term
building
performance

such
as
changing
climate
condi?ons.

IPpc98: Assessment and planning for
resilience
▪  Hazard
assessment
of
project

site
–
Required

•  Iden?fy
top
3
hazards
early
in
planning

•  Use
local/regional
miNgaNon
plans
where

available

•  If
not
available,
use
idenNﬁed
naNonal

standards
or
internaNonal
equivalents

▪  Flooding

▪  Hurricane

▪  Tornado/High
Wind

▪  Earthquake

▪  Wildﬁre

▪  Drought

▪  Landslides/unstable
soils

NOAA Tornado Climatology
FEMA Wildfire Map

Identifying Hazards – Local Resource
Source: Houston-Galveston Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2011 Update
http://www.h-gac.com/community/community/hazard/documents/2011_04_Section_4-1_Hazard_Identification.pdf

Flooding – Riverine Hazard Areas

Flooding – Coastal Hazard Areas

“Texas ranks number one in
the number of tornado events;
number one in tornado deaths;
number one in tornado
injuries;
and number one in total
damages. “
Houston-Galveston Area Council
Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan –
2011 Update

IPpc98:
Option 1: Planning for Climate Resilience
IdenNfy
key
vulnerabiliNes

•  Use
local
plans
where
available

•  If
not
available,
use
idenNﬁed

naNonal
resources
or
internaNonal

equivalents:

–  Sea
Level
Rise/Storm
Surge

–  River
Flooding

–  Winter
Storms

–  Temperature,
PrecipitaNon

Changes
and
Storm
Intensity

U.S. National Climate Assessment
Report
NOAA Sea Level Rise and Coastal
Flooding

National Climate Assessment Report, 2014

Climate – Weather Relationships
Source: Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate
Change. National Academy of Science, March 2016

Hold an Integrated Team Meeting
Share
the
vulnerability
assessment
and
top
prioriNes
with
the

project
team
and
client.
Research
and
innovate
to
develop

opNons
that
may
reduce
vulnerability
or
increase
resilience
to

climate
and
natural
resource
condiNons
for
the
project.

IPpc98:
Option 2: Assessment and planning for resilience
▪ Emergency

preparedness
planning

•  Ensure
evaluaNon
of
emergency

preparedness
before
design

commences

Red Cross Ready Rating
Score Card
Red Cross Ready Rating
Facility Description Form

IPpc99: Design for enhanced resilience
Intent:

Design
and
construct
buildings
that
can
resist,
with

minimal
damage,
reasonably
expected
natural
disasters

and
weather
events

IPc99 – Design for enhanced
resilience
Step 1: Identify project location’s top three hazards (per
IPc98)
Prerequisite: IPc98 Hazards assessment
Identify top 3 hazards
Flooding (incl. Hurricane)
High Wind (incl. Tornado & Hurricane)
Earthquake
Tsunami
Wildfire
Drought
Landslides/unstable soils
Step 2: Incorporate hazard design guidance into project

OPTION
1:
Flooding-‐Specific
Design
Measures

•  Incorporate
all
flood
resistant
provisions
of
ASCE
24-‐14
Flood

Resistant
Design
and
Construc-on,
(2014)

•  Lowest
floor
at
minimum
5
feet
above
the
FEMA-‐defined
base
flood

elevaNon
(BFE+5)

•  FoundaNons
in
the
Coastal
Zone
A
shall
be
the
same
as
required
in

Coastal
Zone
V

•  MEP
follow
FEMA
55
guidelines
for
wet
and
dry
flood-‐proofing

•  Sewer
connecNons
include
sewer
backflow
preventers

Incorporate Flooding hazard design

Post-Katrina home in New Orleans’ Lower 9th Ward that is
raised 4 feet. Global Green project & photo
IPc99: Build above Flood level
The lowest occupied floor's lowest structural member must be a minimum of five (5) feet
above the FEMA-defined base flood elevation (BFE+5).

Primary mechanical and electrical equipment, including HVAC equipment, water heating
equipment, electrical panels, and generators, must follow FEMA 55 guidelines and FEMA
Technical Bulletins and Advisories for wet and dry flood-proofing.
Mechanical equipment located in penthouse and on roofs, Spaulding Rehab Hospital, Photo: Alex Wilson.
IPc99: Protect equipment from Flooding

Fortified Flooding Mitigation Requirements
OR
OPTION
2
for
Non-‐
Residen?al:
FORTIFIED

standards

DESIGN
CRITERIA
3.4

Flood
Speciﬁc
Design

Requirements.

Materials selection for flooding
Marine Center for the University of South Mississippi Ocean
Springs MS Credit: Lake Flato.

IPpc100: Passive Survivability &
Functionality During Emergencies

Intent:

To
ensure
that
buildings
will
maintain
reasonable

func?onality,
including
access
to
potable
water,
in
the
event

of
an
extended
power
outage
or
loss
of
hea?ng
fuel.

Provide
two
out
of
three:

1.  1.
Thermal
Resilience

2.  2.
Backup
Power

3.  3.
Access
to
Potable
Water


OpNon
1:
Thermal
Resilience

100%
of
the
normal
building

occupancy
can
occupy

habitable
zones
that
maintain

“livable
temperatures”
during

a
power
outage
for
7
days
in

the
typical
extreme
hot
and

cold
weeks
of
the
year.

Passive solar apartments in Albuquerque -
photo: Sunshine Homes

Drift temperatures during outages - January
Temperature modeling by Atelier Ten for the report “Baby It’s Cold Inside,” Urban Green, NYC

Drift temperatures during outages - summer
Temperature modeling: Atelier Ten, New York City in “Baby It’s Cold Inside,” Urban Green Council

New Criteria: Thermal Resilience
Requirements:

•  Demonstrate
through
thermal
modeling
that
a
building
will
maintain

“livable
temperatures”
during
a
power
outage
that
lasts
7
days
during
peak

summerNme
and
winterNme
condiNons
of
a
typical
year.

Key
Defini?ons:

Livable
temperature:

•  Cooling:
Not
to
exceed
9
°F
SET-‐days

(216
°F
SET-‐hours)
above
86°F
SET
for

residenNal
buildings.

•  Cooling

Not
to
exceed
18
°F
SET-‐days

(432°F
SET-‐hours)
above
86°F
SET
for

non-‐residenNal
buildings.

•  HeaNng:
Not
to
exceed
9
°F
SET-‐days

(216
°F
SET-‐hours)
below
54°
SET
for

all
buildings.

Standard
Effec?ve
Temperature:

SET
factors
in
relaNve
humidity
and

mean
radiant
temperature

Habitable
Zones:

Defined
by
team

Occupant
Density:
necessary
to

accommodate
the
total
building

populaNon
in
the
habitable
zones.

Ven?la?on:
All
habitable
zones
must

have
access
to
natural
venNlaNon

Schüco operable windows at Bullitt Center. Photos: Alex Wilson
Advanced commercial glazing systems

Rocky Mountain Institute Innovation Center|
Basalt, CO - ZGF Architects
Photo Credit: Tim GriffithPhoto Credit: Tim Griffith
No HVAC - Passive design
RMI Innovation Center – ZGF Architects

OpNon
2:
Back-‐Up
Power

To
ensure
that
a

reasonable
level
of

funcNonality
can
be

maintained
in
a
building
in

the
event
of
loss
of

power.

Provide
adequate
power
for:

•  Fuel
ﬁred
heaNng

•  Fan
for
emergency
cooling

•  Water
pumps

•  3
FC
emergency
lighNng

•  30
FC
area
@
500
SF

interval

•  Electrical
receptacle

•  Online
access

•  One
elevator
if
applicable


Acceptable Power Sources
•  Fuel-‐ﬁred
back-‐up
generator(s),
with
stored
fuel
supply

•  A
solar-‐electric
system
with
baiery
storage

•  Micro-‐grid
service

Eldorado, New Mexico home with ground-mounted PV array - Photo: Clyde Mueller, The New Mexican

OpNon
3:

Access
to
potable
water

To
ensure
that
residents
or

occupants
of
a
building
will

have
at
least
minimal
access

to
potable
water
during
a

power
outage

Bison hand pump on standard well casing at
Tristan Robert’s house - photo: Alex Wilson

Buildings
with
municipal

water
service

▪  In
tall
bldgs:
resident

access
to
potable
water
on

lower
ﬂoor
(or)

▪  Potable
water
pumps

served
by
back-‐up
power

(or)

▪  Stored
water
in
building
(2

gal
per
resident
per
day)

Rural
buildings
without

municipal
water
service

▪  On-‐site
well
served
by

back-‐up
power
(or)

▪  Gravity-‐ﬂow
water
from

cistern
or
spring
(or)

▪  Hand
pump
on
well
(or)

▪  Stored
water
in
bldg.

Potable Water Requirements

Veterans Affairs Replacement Medical Center | Studio NOVA Joint Venture | nbbj Eskew+Dumez+Ripple
VETERANS AFFAIRS REPLACEMENT MEDICAL CTR
New Orleans, LA Studio
NOVA Joint Venture | nbbj Eskew+Dumez+Ripple

CATEGORY 3 HURRICANE RESISTANT
Central Energy Plant
Eskew+Dumez+Ripple, Joint Venture Architect

New Central Energy Plant

Research Facility
Studio NOVA: nbbj, Eskew+Dumez+Ripple

Resilient Design - Project Applicability ?
• Service
life

• FuncNon

• LocaNon

• Cost/beneﬁt
analysis

• AdapNve
capacity

Using the Credits:
What are your priorities?
• 

Community

• 

Client

• 

PracNce
Opportunity

• 

Building
Type
Alignment

• 

Scale

Resources – in addition to links on credits
•  Houston-‐Galveston
Regional
MiNgaNon
Plan

•  State
of
Texas
Hazard
MiNgaNon
Plan

•  Resilient
Design
InsNtute.
www.resilientdesign.org

•  Climate.gov

•  Building
Resiliency
Task
Force
reports,
Urban
Green
Council,
New
York
City,

•  A
Framework
for
Resilient
Design,
Eskew+Dumez+Ripple,
2014

•  Resilience:
Why
Things
Bounce
Back
by
Andrew
Zolli,
Simon
&
Schuster,
2013

•  The
Resilience
Dividend:
Being
Strong
in
a
World
Where
Things
Go
Wrong
by
Judith
Rodin,

PublicAﬀairs,
2014

•  Two
Degrees:
The
Built
Environment
and
out
Changing
Climate
by
Alisdair
McGregor,
et.

al.,
Routledge,
2012

•  Resilient
Design
Guide,
Federal
Alliance
for
Safe
Homes,
2014

•  Technical
BulleNn
series
from
FEMA
(wide
range
of
bulleNns
on
ﬂood
resilience
and
other

issues)

THANK YOU!
ANY QUESTIONS?
Mary
Ann
Lazarus
FAIA,

MALeco

mary.ann.lazarus@gmail.com

314.805.9332

Introducing the LEED Resilient Design Pilot Credits

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