This document discusses factors to consider when installing a wind power plant. It compares wind power to nuclear and solar power, noting wind power plants are less complex and costly than nuclear but require more land and maintenance than solar. Key factors for installing wind power include wind resources, environmental impacts, economics, and grid connection requirements. The document also provides an example analysis for installing a 100MW wind farm in Visakhapatnam, India to help meet the region's energy needs.

1. Wind Energy
and
Factors for Installing Wind
Power Plant
Submitted by: Mohit Goyal (14B00173)Mentored by: Dr. Ajoy Das

2. Definition
• Wind has K.E which can
be extracted to produce
electrical energy.

3. Global Data

4. Global Data

5. Factors for installation

6. Environment impact analysis

7. Comparison of wind v/s nuclear
• Installing a nuclear power plant is more complex than wind power
plant.
• Power generation in nuclear is much more than wind power plant.
• Nuclear power plant has an exposure to lot of Thermal cycles while
wind plant has mechanical stress.
• Installing a nuclear power plant is much more costly than wind power
plant.
• For similar amount of energy production wind power plant consume
more land than nuclear power plant.

8. Comparison of Wind V/s Solar
• Solar have very less moving parts when
compare to wind power unit.
• Wind need more maintenance when
compared to solar.
• Solar can be easily installed anywhere
even at our roof top easily but wind
power system need to be installed at
least above 30 feet which is not possible
in urban areas.
• Wind can even generate energy in night
while solar can’t
• Wind produce noise when compared
with solar.
Source: GWEC

9. WIND PROFILE

12. Wind velocity with height

13. Wind behavior

14. Wind measuring Instrument
• Anemometer
• SODAR
• LIDAR
SODAR
AnemometerLIDAR

15. Economics
of
Wind Turbine

17. Cost

18. Components of Cost
• Cost of Capital: Cost of money needed
to build the wind farm
• Annual Energy Production (AEP)
• Revenue Generated.
• Annual Maintenance cost.

19. Different Tools for
Wind Energy
Economics
• Simple Payback Time (SPT): Capital
investment/ (Annual Revenue – Cost)
• Net Present Value (NPV): NPV is the
sum of the cash flows in today’s money
minus the original investment
•
• Levelised Cost of Energy: cost per MWh
that can be used for comparison

20. Wind Energy
Technical concepts

21. Different ways of Energy extraction
• Rotating Lift based machine
• Rotating drag based machine
• Flying Lift based machine
• Machine using Flow induced vibration

22. Betz Limit on efficiency

23. Power coefficient

28. Towers
Source: Google images

29. Concrete Foundation

30. Calculation

31. Air flow in turbine

36. Forces on Rotor Blade
Thrust
Gravity

37. Stress in
different
region of
Blade

38. Stress in different region

39. General Blade Design

40. Grid Connection
Of
Wind Power

41. Classification of
Generation capacity
on Grid:
• Base Load Generators: supply energy to
cover the base load. Base load is the
minimum amount of hourly energy
consumption across the entire grid on
any day.
• Spinning Reserves: Running at low
capacity all the time and can react very
quickly to increase in demand.
• Non Spinning Reserves: is the extra
generating capacity that is not currently
connected to the system but can be
brought online after a short delay.

42. Electrical connection
Source: nwre

43. Electrical System
components from generator to
transformer at the base of the tower.

44. Layout of Wind Power Plant

45. Electrical System
Electrical diagram of a wind farm

48. Types of wind energy system
• Wind electric system connected to Grid (without need of storage)
• Standalone Electric system (with energy storage)

50. Control system
Source: Book Wind Energy Engineering

51. Wind Power Plant Control Architecture

52. Installed Wind
of India
Capacity (till
2016)
Source: Wikipidea

53. Wind
MAP

54. Electricity Demand (2015-2016)
Source: LGBR 2016

55. Electricity Demand
Source: LGBR 2016

56. Wind Energy Potential District
Anantapur
01
Kurnool
02
Nellore
03
Kadapa
04
Visakhapatnam
05

57. Reason for selecting Visakhapatnam
Most dense
district in the
state.
01
Maximum
Energy
requirement
in state.
02
Good Wind
energy source.
03
Need for
renewable
energy
sources
04

58. Data Analysis

59. Wind Data
Source: Wind finder

60. General Power Curve
Source: Gamesa

61. Analysis of wind speed
We have analysed the data and came to following conclusion that :
• There is adequate wind source in this region.
• Wind speed is relatively low in winter during December- January.
• There is change in wind direction with time but it can be controlled by Yaw controlling mechanism
in “Wind Turbine”

62. Other Data
Capacity factor =
To be calculated
after 1 yr. of
Installation
1
Density of air =
1.22 Kg/m^3
2
Roughness
Length = 1
3
Power coefficient
of wind turbine
used = 0.42
4

63. Installation capacity
estimation of wind
farm

64. Energy requirement data (2016-17)
State Demand(MU) Available(Mu) surplus/deficit(Mu,%) Req.(MW) Available(MW) Surplus/deficit(Mw,%)
Source: LGBR 2016

65. Energy Requirement (2016)
source : Wikipedia

66. Data of Visakhapatnam District
• Total Population = 2035922
• Per Capita Utilization= 1040 KWH
• Total Estimated Consumption= 2117.35 MU
• Total Estimated Energy Requirement > 3000 MU
• Approximate Energy needed to be added > 900 MU
• Total Capacity of wind turbine = 100MW

67. Category of wind turbine to be installed.
• HAWT : Since we need these turbines for fulfilling electricity requirement so instead of vertical
we choose horizontal which has relatively less drag force, more efficiency, accessible to wind
energy at high altitude.
• 3 Blade wind turbine is used since it is mostly used in India to extract energy for electricity
demand fulfilment.
• General Rotor dia.= 85m to 90m
• 2000KW Wind turbine
• Total Wind Turbine to be Installed = 100/2= 50 Wind turbines.

68. Transmission Plan
• Asynchronous generator will be and AC to DC Converter will not be
used since distance of transmission is not very much around 25- 30
km.
• Power from wind turbine generator will be of around 600-700v.
• Extracted AC output will be further step up to around 33KV.
• Then that 33KV voltage will be sent to Sub station.
• From substation electricity will be further supplied to Grid by stepping
up the voltage to around 150-200KV

69. Wind Turbine Manufacturer in India

70. Conclusion
• The potential of wind power generation is immense, a historical
source of energy, wind can be used both as a source of electricity and
for irrigation and agricultural uses.
• Wind energy installation in a short term will increase household
electricity bill but in a long term it is beneficial for us being a
sustainable source.
• Even now there is demand of lot’s of innovation for improving
efficiency so that we can maximize energy extaction.

71. References
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_India
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betz's_law
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine
• http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/113618/science/limitat
ions_of_wind_energy.html
• https://energy.gov/eere/wind/advantages-and-challenges-wind-
energy
• https://sites.google.com/a/temple.edu/urbanwind/services/turbine
-options-and-specifications

72. References
• Centre for wind energy Document
• DESIGN OF WIND POWER GENERATING STATIONS presented by Tai-
Ran Hsu, Professor on October 28, 2009
• Book of Wind Energy Engineering by Pramod Jain
• Project report by Greenko Wind Energy PVT. LTD
• Made easy renewable energy book
• Video lectures on coursera.
• Census Data by Govt. of India.