Intro to Pre-Spanish Phil Lit.pptx
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Long before the Spanish arrived, ancient Filipinos lived in scattered villages ruled by chieftains and shared a common culture including religion, housing, governance and economic activities. They had their own literature as seen in folk stories, plays and songs that showed their customs and traditions. While some records were destroyed by the Spanish, folk songs and manuscripts collected by publishers provided evidence of a distinct pre-Hispanic Filipino culture, including their own alphabet similar to other Malayo-Polynesian scripts. Villages were called barangays and ruled by local leaders known as datus. Filipinos believed in a pantheon of gods and spirits and had varied styles of dress that indicated social status.
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Pre colonial-period
The document provides an overview of pre-colonial Philippine culture, including its early inhabitants, systems of writing, forms of government, social classes, and architecture. The Negritos were among the earliest settlers, followed by Austronesian peoples beginning around 4000 BCE. By 1000 BCE, distinct groups had developed, including hunter-gatherers, warrior societies, and communities along rivers and coasts engaged in trade. Pre-colonial Filipinos had their own writing systems and a form of government centered around independent barangays led by datus. Social classes ranged from primitive communal organizations to feudal systems in some Islamic areas.
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1. During pre-colonial times in the Philippines, various groups migrated to the islands over thousands of years and developed distinct cultures and societies, including advanced practices in agriculture, metallurgy, and trade.
2. Early inhabitants included Negrito groups who engaged in hunting and gathering as well as successive waves of Malays who practiced seafaring, farming, and house-building. By 1000 BC, distinct groups had emerged including forest dwellers, warrior societies, and coastal principalities engaged in trade.
3. Pre-colonial Filipino culture included diverse communities and religious beliefs centered around animism and the worship of various spirits and deities. Distinct social classes and forms of government also developed among different
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2. Early Filipino society was organized into independent barangays led by datus, with social classes that included nobility, freemen, serfs, and slaves.
3. Pre-colonial Filipino culture included distinct indigenous religious beliefs, writing systems, forms of governance at the barangay level, and social hierarchies.
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The document provides an overview of pre-colonial Philippine culture and society. It describes how the earliest inhabitants arrived thousands of years ago and developed distinct communities across the archipelago. Each community had its own systems of governance, led by a datu or chieftain, religion and animistic beliefs, education, writing systems, housing, clothing, and social classes that included nobility, freemen, serfs, and slaves. Advanced industries like mining, agriculture, fishing and pottery were established by the time Spanish colonizers arrived in the 15th century.
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The document provides an overview of pre-colonial Philippine culture and society. It discusses the early settlers of the Philippines, including the Negritos and various Austronesian groups. It describes the development of distinct peoples and communities by 1000 BC. The document also summarizes pre-colonial forms of government, social classes, housing, clothing, writing systems, religions and spiritual practices, and industries like mining, agriculture and fishing that were established when the Spanish arrived.
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- The Spanish established a central government and introduced Catholicism, though many Filipinos resisted conversion from their ancestral religions. Over time, Spanish influence grew through intermarriage, trade, and the limited education provided by friars.
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2. Below them were the Ilustrados class, composed of educated native Filipinos and people of mixed heritage. They were exposed to liberal Spanish ideals.
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
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- 2. Long before the arrival of the Spaniards, ancient Filipinos were living in scattered barangays and ruled by different chieftains. Although, they were living separately, they were similar in many ways, their religion, mode of dressing, houses, system of government and marriage practices and economic activities, in short, they were refined and civilized; they possessed a distinct culture that distinguish them from other race.
- 3. Moreover, before the Spaniards and other foreigners landed or set foot on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of our race. Our ancient literature shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as traced in our folk stories, old plays and short stories.
- 4. Our ancestors also had their own alphabet which was different from that brought by the Spaniards. The first alphabet used by our ancestor was similar to that of the Malayo-Polynesian alphabet. Whatever records our ancestors left were either burned by the Spaniards friars in the belief that they were works of the devil or were written on materials that easily perished, like the barks of trees, dried leaves and bamboo cylinders which could not have remained undestroyed even if efforts were made to preserve them.
- 5. Other records that remained showed folk songs that proved the existence of a native culture truly our own. Some of these were passed on byword of mouth till they reached the hands of some publishers or printers who took interest in printing the manuscripts of the ancient Filipinos.
- 6. The Spaniards who came to the Philippines tried to prove that our ancestors were really fond of poetry, songs, stories, riddles and proverbs which we still enjoy today and which serve to show to generations the true culture of our people.
- 7. The pre-Hispanic belief system of Filipinos consisted of a pantheon of gods, spirits, creatures, and men that guarded the streams, fields, trees, mountains, forests, and houses. Bathala, who created earth and man, was superior to these other gods and spirits.
- 8. Visayan clothing varied according to cost and current fashions and so indicated social standing. The basic garments were the G- string and the tube skirt–what the Maranao call malong–or a light blanket wrapped around instead. But more prestigious clothes, lihin-lihin, were added for public appearances and especially on formal occasions–blouses and tunics, loose smocks with sleeves, capes, or ankle- length robes.
- 9. The Philippines was composed of settlements or villages, each called barangay, named after balangay, a malayan word meaning “boat” Furthermore, the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century, most people lived in small independent villages called barangays, each ruled by a local paramount ruler called a datu.