The document discusses the issue of electronic waste (e-waste) and its impacts. It notes that developed countries like the US export large amounts of e-waste to developing countries which cannot sustain or properly manage the waste, harming their environments and societies. Developing countries process e-waste using 19th century methods to handle 21st century technology, exposing workers and communities to toxic chemicals without protections. International organizations like the WHO and EPA are working with countries to address e-waste and mitigate its negative effects. Proper e-waste recycling and disposal is important globally to reduce environmental degradation and health risks from toxic components in electronics.
The document discusses the growing problem of electronic waste (e-waste) around the world. It notes that e-waste contains toxic chemicals like lead, mercury, and cadmium. Many outdated electronic devices from developed countries are illegally exported and processed in places like Guiyu, China, exposing residents to health risks from pollution. While efforts have been made to improve recycling and reduce dumping, more action is needed as electronic device usage increases globally. Consumers are encouraged to properly recycle devices and choose upgrades over new purchases to reduce e-waste.
This document discusses the threats that e-waste poses to children's health in Africa. It notes that e-waste contains toxic metals and chemicals that are released into the environment during informal and unregulated recycling activities in Africa. These activities often take place in or near homes, exposing children and communities. While toxic to all, children are especially vulnerable due to their developing bodies and organs. The document reviews the chemicals present in e-waste and their release into the environment, as well as findings of elevated toxic metals in soils, plants, and humans near e-waste sites in Africa.
Urbanization can negatively impact health through various environmental, social, housing, and lifestyle factors. As cities grow rapidly, problems emerge such as air and water pollution, natural resource depletion, and climate change. These environmental changes can lead to health issues like asthma, infections from contaminated water, and illnesses associated with extreme heat or cold. Overcrowding in cities exacerbates social problems including crime, violence, and stress-related diseases. Factors like poverty, lack of education, and limited access to healthcare or social services also impact urban residents' health. Migrants in cities face additional challenges of separation from family, increased work stress, and adjustment to new environments.
The document discusses trends in urbanization and approaches to sustainable urban development. It notes that most of humanity used to live in rural areas but cities have grown rapidly since the Industrial Revolution. It identifies challenges of uncontrolled urban growth in developing countries like traffic, pollution and inadequate housing/sanitation. It also discusses the issues of urban sprawl in developed nations, and proposes approaches like smart growth, new urbanism and green urbanism to make cities more sustainable and livable.
This document provides background information on global trash and e-waste issues. It discusses how trash and e-waste production has increased globally due to factors like urbanization and electronics usage. Much of the world's e-waste is exported to developing countries with low labor and disposal costs. In places like Agbogbloshie, Ghana, e-waste is improperly disposed of through burning and dismantling, exposing workers and nearby residents to toxic chemicals. This poses serious health risks like respiratory issues, cancer, and birth defects through air, soil, and water pollution.
This document discusses urban environmental degradation in the Caribbean and Latin America. It defines key terms like urban area and environmental degradation. The main causes of urban environmental degradation are identified as poverty, pollution, overpopulation, lack of education, and industrialization. Effects include death, disease, biodiversity loss, and economic impacts. Proposed remedies include green restoration projects, smart city planning, poverty alleviation, and education.
This document provides an overview of sustainable development in China. It discusses key facts about China's population, resources, and environmental issues. It outlines the government's role in sustainable development legislation and initiatives. It also discusses the business role and responsibilities in implementing sustainable practices in China to balance economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity.
This document discusses the effects of urbanization on ecosystems. It notes that urbanization involves clearing land and vegetation to build residential and industrial structures. This habitat destruction negatively impacts both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by reducing and fragmenting habitats. It also causes various forms of pollution like water, air, land, heat and noise pollution which further degrade ecosystems. The document concludes that while urbanization is important for the economy, its impacts must be controlled, and recommends measures to reduce these effects on the environment like enforcing standards, developing infrastructure in rural areas, and education.
The document discusses the growing problem of electronic waste (e-waste) around the world. It notes that e-waste contains toxic chemicals like lead, mercury, and cadmium. Many outdated electronic devices from developed countries are illegally exported and processed in places like Guiyu, China, exposing residents to health risks from pollution. While efforts have been made to improve recycling and reduce dumping, more action is needed as electronic device usage increases globally. Consumers are encouraged to properly recycle devices and choose upgrades over new purchases to reduce e-waste.
This document discusses the threats that e-waste poses to children's health in Africa. It notes that e-waste contains toxic metals and chemicals that are released into the environment during informal and unregulated recycling activities in Africa. These activities often take place in or near homes, exposing children and communities. While toxic to all, children are especially vulnerable due to their developing bodies and organs. The document reviews the chemicals present in e-waste and their release into the environment, as well as findings of elevated toxic metals in soils, plants, and humans near e-waste sites in Africa.
Urbanization can negatively impact health through various environmental, social, housing, and lifestyle factors. As cities grow rapidly, problems emerge such as air and water pollution, natural resource depletion, and climate change. These environmental changes can lead to health issues like asthma, infections from contaminated water, and illnesses associated with extreme heat or cold. Overcrowding in cities exacerbates social problems including crime, violence, and stress-related diseases. Factors like poverty, lack of education, and limited access to healthcare or social services also impact urban residents' health. Migrants in cities face additional challenges of separation from family, increased work stress, and adjustment to new environments.
The document discusses trends in urbanization and approaches to sustainable urban development. It notes that most of humanity used to live in rural areas but cities have grown rapidly since the Industrial Revolution. It identifies challenges of uncontrolled urban growth in developing countries like traffic, pollution and inadequate housing/sanitation. It also discusses the issues of urban sprawl in developed nations, and proposes approaches like smart growth, new urbanism and green urbanism to make cities more sustainable and livable.
This document provides background information on global trash and e-waste issues. It discusses how trash and e-waste production has increased globally due to factors like urbanization and electronics usage. Much of the world's e-waste is exported to developing countries with low labor and disposal costs. In places like Agbogbloshie, Ghana, e-waste is improperly disposed of through burning and dismantling, exposing workers and nearby residents to toxic chemicals. This poses serious health risks like respiratory issues, cancer, and birth defects through air, soil, and water pollution.
This document discusses urban environmental degradation in the Caribbean and Latin America. It defines key terms like urban area and environmental degradation. The main causes of urban environmental degradation are identified as poverty, pollution, overpopulation, lack of education, and industrialization. Effects include death, disease, biodiversity loss, and economic impacts. Proposed remedies include green restoration projects, smart city planning, poverty alleviation, and education.
This document provides an overview of sustainable development in China. It discusses key facts about China's population, resources, and environmental issues. It outlines the government's role in sustainable development legislation and initiatives. It also discusses the business role and responsibilities in implementing sustainable practices in China to balance economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity.
This document discusses the effects of urbanization on ecosystems. It notes that urbanization involves clearing land and vegetation to build residential and industrial structures. This habitat destruction negatively impacts both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by reducing and fragmenting habitats. It also causes various forms of pollution like water, air, land, heat and noise pollution which further degrade ecosystems. The document concludes that while urbanization is important for the economy, its impacts must be controlled, and recommends measures to reduce these effects on the environment like enforcing standards, developing infrastructure in rural areas, and education.
The document discusses various environmental problems caused by urbanization and consumerism. It addresses how uncontrolled urban growth in India has led to issues like housing shortages, air and water pollution, and waste disposal problems. Consumerism is defined and the document notes that overconsumption of non-durable goods contributes significantly to pollution and waste. Different types of wastes like chemical, plastic, electronic and nuclear wastes are outlined and their harmful effects described. Solutions proposed include controlling population growth, reducing consumption rates, improving waste minimization practices like reuse and recycling, and making products more durable.
E-waste refers to electronic products nearing the end of their useful lives, such as computers, TVs, and cell phones. It is a major global problem, with over 100 million computers thrown out annually in the US alone. E-waste contains toxic materials like lead and mercury that can pollute the environment and harm human health when products are disposed of improperly. Developing countries face particular challenges from both domestic e-waste and imports from other nations, as toxic materials can leach into soil and water sources and informal recycling exposes workers and children to health risks.
The document summarizes the Basel Action Network's (BAN) activities and accomplishments in 2010. It discusses three key campaigns: 1) reforming electronics production, use, and disposal to ensure full life cycle responsibility, 2) working to ensure proper stewardship for obsolete ships, and 3) defending and implementing the Basel Convention globally. It highlights that BAN's e-Stewards certification program gained significant market share in 2010, with over 30 electronics companies certifying over 100 facilities. It concludes that 2010 was a milestone year for BAN's growth and increasing influence and support for its toxics reform agenda.
Green Horticulture in Washington D.C
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
The document discusses the issue of electronic waste (e-waste) recycling. It notes that e-waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams but current recycling rates are low, around only 15-20%. The document provides data on the large quantities of e-waste generated annually and details problems with current laws in Pennsylvania that restrict municipal e-waste collection programs. Representatives from local municipalities expressed frustration with being unable to curbside collect e-waste due to state laws. The document advocates for improving e-waste recycling rates through government oversight of industry programs and revisions to restrictive legislation.
This document summarizes a journal article about housing and central city slums in Ibadan, Nigeria. It discusses how Ibadan has grown from a historical war camp into a large city, putting pressure on housing and land. The article examines Ibadan's growth and development, the process of housing changes, socioeconomic impacts, and various planning initiatives to address issues like slums, inadequate infrastructure, and poor living conditions. It concludes that stopping slum development will be difficult and recommends approaches like slum upgrades, site services schemes, and using raw earth building technology.
Prof.dr. halit hami öz sociology-chapter 20-population, urbanization, and the...Prof. Dr. Halit Hami Öz
KAFKAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ/KAFKAS UNIVERSITY
SOCIOLOGY
Course
LECTURE NOTES AND POWER POINT PRESENTATIONS
Prof.Dr. Halit Hami ÖZ
Kars, TURKEY
hamioz@yahoo.com
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to population growth, urbanization, and their environmental impacts. It begins with definitions of demographic concepts like birth rate, mortality, and life expectancy. It then discusses Malthusian and demographic transition theories of population growth. Subsequent sections cover trends in urbanization, theories of urbanism from the Chicago School, and challenges faced by developing world cities. The document concludes by outlining some environmental issues like limits to growth, pollution, and the risks of climate change.
Urbanization is increasing rapidly around the world and having significant impacts on the environment. By 2050, 64% of the developing world and 86% of the developed world will be urbanized. This rapid urban growth is causing problems like deforestation, air and water pollution, solid waste accumulation, and loss of agricultural land. Developing countries face more severe environmental impacts due to poor urban planning and inadequate infrastructure to handle the negative effects of urbanization. While urbanization enables economic growth, it also threatens the natural environment if not managed carefully through long-term planning and public-private partnerships that prioritize environmentally friendly development.
This document discusses the growing problem of e-waste in India. It notes that India generates over 1.8 million tons of e-waste annually, which is estimated to double by 2020. E-waste includes discarded electronics like computers, phones, TVs, and contains both hazardous and non-hazardous components. There is no proper system for tracking, collecting, and processing e-waste in India, so most recycling is done informally and unsafely by the unorganized sector, causing environmental damage and health hazards. The document calls for increased awareness and regulation to properly manage India's large and increasing amounts of e-waste.
11.[1 14]renewable power generation opportunity from municipal solid wasteAlexander Decker
This document discusses renewable power generation potential from municipal solid waste (MSW) in Lagos, Nigeria. It finds that Lagos produces a large amount of MSW daily due to its large population and industrial/commercial activity. Currently, MSW is primarily landfilled, but this poses environmental and space issues. The document estimates that approximately 442MWe of power could be generated from Lagos' MSW based on its 2006 population of over 16 million. It discusses various MSW-to-energy technologies and concludes that exploiting MSW for power generation could help address Nigeria's energy challenges while providing environmental and economic benefits.
Environmental Impact of Burning Electrical and Electronic Componentsresearchinventy
Electronic waste (e-waste) has been an increasing problem facing the global village. Much of the problem is due to the profligate disposal and burning of these devices without consideration to the municipality’s ability to handle the volume of waste streams that are generated or the effects of the gases released during the burning process. The burning is used as a processing pathway to recovering some of the components of these devices as well as to reduce their volumes to more manageable levels in order to facilitate final disposal as incinerator ash. This paper highlights the effects of burning electronic waste on the local environment. It was found that due to the burning of these e-wastes, there is a tremendous and harmful impact to both the health of the local population as well as that of the environment, particularly the aquatic habitat. Thus, necessitating the need for robust and speedy implementation of legislative oversight in order to ensure a sustainable and long lasting relationship between man and the environment. Some of these laws have been highlighted in this report.
Lecture Notes related to Chapter 1 (Society and Technology) of Engineering Professional Practice, prepared by Prof. Dr. Hari Krishna Shrestha, Nepal Engineering College.
Urbanization has significant environmental impacts. It causes increased pollution in the form of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion, acid rain from sulfur dioxide emissions, and degraded water quality from sewage. It also creates urban heat islands and modifies habitats. As more land is converted to urban uses, habitats are destroyed or fragmented and species are forced to adapt. Rapid urban growth in India is exacerbating these environmental problems as millions migrate to cities annually, and the urban population is expected to reach 74% of the total by 2025, placing huge demands on infrastructure and resources.
Work done by Professor Raquel Pinderhuges and 40 Sustainability and the Cities class students.
I was a teacher assistant for this class and did the graphic layout of the booklet.
Urban flooding and vulnerability of nigerian citiesAlexander Decker
Urban flooding has become a recurring issue in many Nigerian cities, including Awka and Onitsha in Anambra State. The study examines the causes and impacts of flooding in these two cities, with the goal of recommending measures to address the problem. Primary and secondary data show that flooding causes major losses and disruption, but the cities have received limited government support to address environmental issues. Key factors contributing to flooding include inadequate drainage infrastructure, poor drainage design and construction, uncontrolled development that blocks drainage, and improper solid waste management. To reduce vulnerability, the study recommends developing and implementing comprehensive urban flooding control programs that involve the public.
The document discusses environmental justice and inclusivity. It defines environmental justice as existing when environmental risks, hazards, investments and benefits are equally distributed without discrimination at all levels of government. It also discusses how poverty, racism, sexism and the exclusion of children can lead to unequal access to clean water, greater environmental risks and lack of participation in decision making around environmental issues. As a case study, it examines waste management challenges and environmental injustice faced by the Roma community in Sofia, Bulgaria. It argues that improving choices and inclusivity for all improves life outcomes and benefits society overall.
hazards of industrialisation and urbanisationArvind Kumar
This document discusses the environmental hazards caused by industrialization and urbanization, including pollution of water, air, soil and biodiversity loss. Rapid urban population growth and increased resource consumption have caused issues like water scarcity, pollution from industries and vehicles, and climate change. Proper management of waste, conservation of resources, and sustainable practices are needed to balance environmental protection and development.
Cities have long birthed advances in the sciences, arts, human rights, business and government. Millions of people have moved to cities for better lives or services unavailable elsewhere.
But as cities grow, so are problems stemming from stretched transportation, energy and water infrastructure.
Three keys to a radically better society?David Wood
David Wood, chair of London Futurists, reviews the most important actions needed to build a society of abundance, freedom, and collaboration. The presentation assesses the roles of technology, transhumanism, and TZM (The Zeitgeist Movement). The presentation is from a joint meetup of London Futurists and the London Chapter of TZM, held on 17th June 2014
Este documento presenta una línea base sobre los recursos naturales y la situación ambiental en el Perú. Resume que el Perú posee una gran diversidad biológica, tierras y agua, pero que estos recursos enfrentan problemas como la pérdida de biodiversidad, degradación de suelos y escasez hídrica. Propone la creación de un Ministerio del Ambiente para mejorar la gestión ambiental a través de metas como la conservación de ecosistemas, uso sostenible de recursos y cumplimiento de compromisos internacionales.
The document refers to a user or users on a LAM system with the identifier P3. It mentions the LAM users on ports 15, 16, and 17, with port 17 specifically called the main user.
The document discusses various environmental problems caused by urbanization and consumerism. It addresses how uncontrolled urban growth in India has led to issues like housing shortages, air and water pollution, and waste disposal problems. Consumerism is defined and the document notes that overconsumption of non-durable goods contributes significantly to pollution and waste. Different types of wastes like chemical, plastic, electronic and nuclear wastes are outlined and their harmful effects described. Solutions proposed include controlling population growth, reducing consumption rates, improving waste minimization practices like reuse and recycling, and making products more durable.
E-waste refers to electronic products nearing the end of their useful lives, such as computers, TVs, and cell phones. It is a major global problem, with over 100 million computers thrown out annually in the US alone. E-waste contains toxic materials like lead and mercury that can pollute the environment and harm human health when products are disposed of improperly. Developing countries face particular challenges from both domestic e-waste and imports from other nations, as toxic materials can leach into soil and water sources and informal recycling exposes workers and children to health risks.
The document summarizes the Basel Action Network's (BAN) activities and accomplishments in 2010. It discusses three key campaigns: 1) reforming electronics production, use, and disposal to ensure full life cycle responsibility, 2) working to ensure proper stewardship for obsolete ships, and 3) defending and implementing the Basel Convention globally. It highlights that BAN's e-Stewards certification program gained significant market share in 2010, with over 30 electronics companies certifying over 100 facilities. It concludes that 2010 was a milestone year for BAN's growth and increasing influence and support for its toxics reform agenda.
Green Horticulture in Washington D.C
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
The document discusses the issue of electronic waste (e-waste) recycling. It notes that e-waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams but current recycling rates are low, around only 15-20%. The document provides data on the large quantities of e-waste generated annually and details problems with current laws in Pennsylvania that restrict municipal e-waste collection programs. Representatives from local municipalities expressed frustration with being unable to curbside collect e-waste due to state laws. The document advocates for improving e-waste recycling rates through government oversight of industry programs and revisions to restrictive legislation.
This document summarizes a journal article about housing and central city slums in Ibadan, Nigeria. It discusses how Ibadan has grown from a historical war camp into a large city, putting pressure on housing and land. The article examines Ibadan's growth and development, the process of housing changes, socioeconomic impacts, and various planning initiatives to address issues like slums, inadequate infrastructure, and poor living conditions. It concludes that stopping slum development will be difficult and recommends approaches like slum upgrades, site services schemes, and using raw earth building technology.
Prof.dr. halit hami öz sociology-chapter 20-population, urbanization, and the...Prof. Dr. Halit Hami Öz
KAFKAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ/KAFKAS UNIVERSITY
SOCIOLOGY
Course
LECTURE NOTES AND POWER POINT PRESENTATIONS
Prof.Dr. Halit Hami ÖZ
Kars, TURKEY
hamioz@yahoo.com
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to population growth, urbanization, and their environmental impacts. It begins with definitions of demographic concepts like birth rate, mortality, and life expectancy. It then discusses Malthusian and demographic transition theories of population growth. Subsequent sections cover trends in urbanization, theories of urbanism from the Chicago School, and challenges faced by developing world cities. The document concludes by outlining some environmental issues like limits to growth, pollution, and the risks of climate change.
Urbanization is increasing rapidly around the world and having significant impacts on the environment. By 2050, 64% of the developing world and 86% of the developed world will be urbanized. This rapid urban growth is causing problems like deforestation, air and water pollution, solid waste accumulation, and loss of agricultural land. Developing countries face more severe environmental impacts due to poor urban planning and inadequate infrastructure to handle the negative effects of urbanization. While urbanization enables economic growth, it also threatens the natural environment if not managed carefully through long-term planning and public-private partnerships that prioritize environmentally friendly development.
This document discusses the growing problem of e-waste in India. It notes that India generates over 1.8 million tons of e-waste annually, which is estimated to double by 2020. E-waste includes discarded electronics like computers, phones, TVs, and contains both hazardous and non-hazardous components. There is no proper system for tracking, collecting, and processing e-waste in India, so most recycling is done informally and unsafely by the unorganized sector, causing environmental damage and health hazards. The document calls for increased awareness and regulation to properly manage India's large and increasing amounts of e-waste.
11.[1 14]renewable power generation opportunity from municipal solid wasteAlexander Decker
This document discusses renewable power generation potential from municipal solid waste (MSW) in Lagos, Nigeria. It finds that Lagos produces a large amount of MSW daily due to its large population and industrial/commercial activity. Currently, MSW is primarily landfilled, but this poses environmental and space issues. The document estimates that approximately 442MWe of power could be generated from Lagos' MSW based on its 2006 population of over 16 million. It discusses various MSW-to-energy technologies and concludes that exploiting MSW for power generation could help address Nigeria's energy challenges while providing environmental and economic benefits.
Environmental Impact of Burning Electrical and Electronic Componentsresearchinventy
Electronic waste (e-waste) has been an increasing problem facing the global village. Much of the problem is due to the profligate disposal and burning of these devices without consideration to the municipality’s ability to handle the volume of waste streams that are generated or the effects of the gases released during the burning process. The burning is used as a processing pathway to recovering some of the components of these devices as well as to reduce their volumes to more manageable levels in order to facilitate final disposal as incinerator ash. This paper highlights the effects of burning electronic waste on the local environment. It was found that due to the burning of these e-wastes, there is a tremendous and harmful impact to both the health of the local population as well as that of the environment, particularly the aquatic habitat. Thus, necessitating the need for robust and speedy implementation of legislative oversight in order to ensure a sustainable and long lasting relationship between man and the environment. Some of these laws have been highlighted in this report.
Lecture Notes related to Chapter 1 (Society and Technology) of Engineering Professional Practice, prepared by Prof. Dr. Hari Krishna Shrestha, Nepal Engineering College.
Urbanization has significant environmental impacts. It causes increased pollution in the form of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion, acid rain from sulfur dioxide emissions, and degraded water quality from sewage. It also creates urban heat islands and modifies habitats. As more land is converted to urban uses, habitats are destroyed or fragmented and species are forced to adapt. Rapid urban growth in India is exacerbating these environmental problems as millions migrate to cities annually, and the urban population is expected to reach 74% of the total by 2025, placing huge demands on infrastructure and resources.
Work done by Professor Raquel Pinderhuges and 40 Sustainability and the Cities class students.
I was a teacher assistant for this class and did the graphic layout of the booklet.
Urban flooding and vulnerability of nigerian citiesAlexander Decker
Urban flooding has become a recurring issue in many Nigerian cities, including Awka and Onitsha in Anambra State. The study examines the causes and impacts of flooding in these two cities, with the goal of recommending measures to address the problem. Primary and secondary data show that flooding causes major losses and disruption, but the cities have received limited government support to address environmental issues. Key factors contributing to flooding include inadequate drainage infrastructure, poor drainage design and construction, uncontrolled development that blocks drainage, and improper solid waste management. To reduce vulnerability, the study recommends developing and implementing comprehensive urban flooding control programs that involve the public.
The document discusses environmental justice and inclusivity. It defines environmental justice as existing when environmental risks, hazards, investments and benefits are equally distributed without discrimination at all levels of government. It also discusses how poverty, racism, sexism and the exclusion of children can lead to unequal access to clean water, greater environmental risks and lack of participation in decision making around environmental issues. As a case study, it examines waste management challenges and environmental injustice faced by the Roma community in Sofia, Bulgaria. It argues that improving choices and inclusivity for all improves life outcomes and benefits society overall.
hazards of industrialisation and urbanisationArvind Kumar
This document discusses the environmental hazards caused by industrialization and urbanization, including pollution of water, air, soil and biodiversity loss. Rapid urban population growth and increased resource consumption have caused issues like water scarcity, pollution from industries and vehicles, and climate change. Proper management of waste, conservation of resources, and sustainable practices are needed to balance environmental protection and development.
Cities have long birthed advances in the sciences, arts, human rights, business and government. Millions of people have moved to cities for better lives or services unavailable elsewhere.
But as cities grow, so are problems stemming from stretched transportation, energy and water infrastructure.
Three keys to a radically better society?David Wood
David Wood, chair of London Futurists, reviews the most important actions needed to build a society of abundance, freedom, and collaboration. The presentation assesses the roles of technology, transhumanism, and TZM (The Zeitgeist Movement). The presentation is from a joint meetup of London Futurists and the London Chapter of TZM, held on 17th June 2014
Este documento presenta una línea base sobre los recursos naturales y la situación ambiental en el Perú. Resume que el Perú posee una gran diversidad biológica, tierras y agua, pero que estos recursos enfrentan problemas como la pérdida de biodiversidad, degradación de suelos y escasez hídrica. Propone la creación de un Ministerio del Ambiente para mejorar la gestión ambiental a través de metas como la conservación de ecosistemas, uso sostenible de recursos y cumplimiento de compromisos internacionales.
The document refers to a user or users on a LAM system with the identifier P3. It mentions the LAM users on ports 15, 16, and 17, with port 17 specifically called the main user.
Patty Maloney is seeking a position that allows her to support various aspects of a production or project environment. She has over 10 years of experience providing production support and triaging issues for various applications. Her experience includes requirements gathering, test case creation, root cause analysis, and acting as a liaison between IT and business teams. She is proficient in applications like Word, Excel, Outlook, ALM and Tealeaf.
A complete guide to stop your period early. Here we are providing top 10 tips but you can get extra tips to stop your period in this article. http://www.healthbeautyaid.com/stop-period-early/
This document discusses new models of healthcare delivery that have emerged to address challenges in the current system. It describes several new models including accountable care organizations, patient-centered medical homes, retail clinics, telemedicine services, health homes, and community-based solutions. These models emphasize prevention, primary care, care coordination, and patient-centeredness. The document also discusses the important role of primary care providers and the increasing use of non-physician providers like nurse practitioners and physician assistants in new models.
This document discusses Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) which aim to provide high quality care to patients while sharing responsibility for costs. There are different types of public and private ACOs that serve Medicare, Medicaid, and privately insured patients. ACOs are required to meet quality benchmarks and control costs to earn shared savings, with some taking on two-sided risk models where they share in losses. Successful ACOs require leadership, care coordination across organizations, performance measurement capabilities, and health information technology infrastructure like data analytics and patient portals.
General assessment of e waste problem in egypt.pdfwalled ashwah
This document summarizes the e-waste problem in Egypt. It estimates that the number of mobile phone subscribers in Egypt increased nearly 5 times from 2001 to 2008. It also estimates that the number of personal computers in Egypt increased from around 120,000 in 1992 to over 11 million by 2005. The document projects that e-waste quantities will continue increasing rapidly in Egypt due to growing electronics use. It notes that e-waste contains toxic heavy metals and chemicals and that Egypt currently lacks formal e-waste recycling systems.
Integration of Knowledge Electronic WasteMelinda Lugo
The document discusses the issue of electronic waste (e-waste) and its environmental impacts. E-waste contains toxic and non-biodegradable components that harm the environment and human health when disposed of improperly. A study of college students found that most were unaware of e-waste issues prior to an educational intervention. After learning about e-waste, most students said they would be likely to change their disposal habits to more environmentally friendly options like recycling. Continued education efforts are needed to further address e-waste and promote sustainable practices.
e-waste: what is your role and are gadget makers helping?Michelle Crawford
When was the last time you upgraded your phone or gadget? According to Greenpeace International, that was probably within the last two years. With a speedy lifespan of electronic devices, comes enormous electronic waste, a.k.a. e-waste. The amount of e-waste has skyrocketed in the last 30 years, representing 20% of America’s trash in landfills and 70% of toxic waste materials. What can we do about this? More articles? - https://www.gbrionline.org/articles More sustainability courses - https://www.gbrionline.org/learning-hub LEED Green Associate Exam Prep, LEED AP Exam Prep, WELL AP Exam Prpe - https://www.gbrionline.org/leed and https://www.gbrionline.org/well
This document provides a literature review on the economic and environmental impacts of electronic waste (e-waste). It discusses how e-waste production is increasing globally but most is improperly disposed of, polluting the environment. Developing countries import much of the world's e-waste but lack regulations, leading to unsafe recycling practices. Potential solutions discussed include manufacturers taking responsibility for recycling, taxes to fund recycling programs, banning e-waste exports, and investing in safe recycling technologies in developing countries.
E-WasteFuture archaeologists will note that at the tail end o.docxjacksnathalie
E-Waste
“Future archaeologists will note that at the tail end of the 20th century, a new, noxious kind of clutter exploded across the landscape: the digital detritus that has come to be called e-waste” (Carroll 3).
This statement by Carroll shows the epidemic of e waste that the entire globe is suffering from. E waste from our definition is used electronics such as TVs, phones, computers, and radio. As technology advances new and advances electronic appliances are brought in the market which attracts consumers, therefore consumer in pursuit of elegance, quality or even prestige opt out of their old devices and go for the new more technological devices. This has created a major problem of disposing the old and used devices and over the years the total numbers of e waste have been in the rise. “Gordon Moore, co-founder of the computer-chip maker Intel, observed that computer processing power roughly doubles every two years. An unstated corollary to "Moore's law" is that at any given time, all the machines considered state-of-the-art are simultaneously on the verge of obsolescence” (Carroll 3). This shows us that the problem is here, which keep on the same way of consummating electronic devices, and the more we still doing the same thing, the more that we will get in bigger problem.
Various researches give various values for the amount of e waste that have been dumped not only across U.S but also all over the planet. However, both agree that the amount of e waste is alarming and have been on the increase over the recent years. For example, more than about 130 million still working phones were retired in 2002 in the U.S alone and the number have been increasing with the years. In Japan phones are said to be discarded a year after purchase (Slade 6). In the U.S it is said that about 98 million cell phones took their last call in 2005 (Carroll 3). The computers on the other hand are said to have decreased in lifespan from about 4.5 years in 1992 to about 2 years in 2005. This has led to large amount of e waste about 20 million per year globally. The digital migration of TVs from analog to digital has led to generation of about 25 million yearly e wastes of TVs in the US alone. In total according to the UNEP if all e wastes are tallied they could amount to about 50 million tones yearly (Carroll 3). This brings us to the question, what has led to this high number of electronic waste?
Each and every day Samsung, Apple, Microsoft and other information giant companies announce a new model, which they claim to be better than the previous model. New phones with more advanced or even new technologies are manufactured; TVs, which are better than the already existing versions are, invented daily, Laptops or PC with bigger RAM or internal memory or even better graphics enter the markets. This technological advancement is one of the major factors that have led to increase in the amount of e waste (Slade 6). Everyone is rushing to have the best of the availab ...
The document discusses the growing problem of e-waste and its harmful effects. It notes that while rules have been implemented in India to address e-waste, little progress has been made and e-waste generation continues to increase significantly each year. Both producers and consumers share responsibility for recycling discarded electronics. Throwing old electronics in landfills or incinerating them harms the environment and living things. There are companies that offer take-back programs for recycling electronics, and recycling centers are available for donating discarded devices. Exposure to toxic metals in improperly recycled e-waste can cause serious health issues in both adults and children. Increased awareness and use of recycling options is needed to protect the environment and all living beings.
E-Waste Management Market is Expected to Reach $49.4 Billion, Globally, by 2020Allied Market Research
E-Waste Management Market Report, published by Allied Market Research, forecasts that the global market is expected to garner $49.4 billion by 2020, registering a CAGR of 23.5% during the period 2014 - 2020.The ever-growing need for adapting the latest technology is the prime factor for a large volume of E-Waste generated across the globe. The Asia Pacific region contributes to the largest revenue share in the global E-Waste management market, followed by European countries. Analysis of the market indicates that the global volume of E-waste accounted for 57.7 million tons in 2013.
"The effects of e-waste result in damage to our environment and our health. The best way to minimize this is to produce less of it.
This is from an article that appeared on All Green Website: http://www.allgreenrecycling.com/blog/effects-of-e-waste/"
Tech Waste: Environmental Impact and ManagementEditor IJCATR
Over the recent years, the global market of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has grown rapidly, while the products
lifespan has become increasingly shorter. The rapid growth of the electronic and IT industry, current user’s culture, increasing rates of
usage of techno products have led to disastrous environmental consequences. Most of these technologies are ending up in backlash
and recycling centres, posing a new environmental challenge in this 21st century. The presence of hazardous and toxic substances in
electronic goods has made tech waste a matter of fear and if not properly managed, it can have unfavourable effects on environment. It
has been proven that some of the waste contain many cancer-causing agents. This paper provides a review of the tech waste problems
and the need for its appropriate management
This document discusses e-waste (electronic waste) management and the need for educational strategies around reducing, reusing, and recycling e-waste for sustainable development. It provides an overview of what constitutes e-waste and the health hazards it poses if improperly disposed. It also discusses practices being used globally to address the e-waste problem, such as extended producer responsibility and design for the environment. The document emphasizes that education is one of the most important practices for effectively dealing with the growing e-waste stream. It argues that comprehensive education strategies are needed in both developed and developing countries to increase understanding of e-waste's environmental and health impacts.
The document discusses a study on public awareness and knowledge of electronic waste (e-waste) and its environmental impacts. A survey of 56 adults found that most disposed of electronics by recycling or storing them, showing some awareness. However, many lacked knowledge of local e-waste recycling sites. While half had prior e-waste knowledge, educating participants increased the percentage who would change disposal methods to be more environmentally friendly. Thus, greater public education may help address the growing e-waste problem.
Within its development’s first stages no worldwide issue, that’s a problem that splashes might anybody in just about any part of Our Planet could be generated by several humanity. Consequently of the negotiation of property and just about all humanity formerly hidden the atmosphere and also level financial improvement started initially to seem progressively amplified issues that were worldwide. Each them and especially all together to trigger all existence on our planet’s damage.
Presently, the extensive, i.e. worldwide issues of humanity contain:
the demographic issue brought on by quick population development within the weakest countries;
ecological issue related to extreme ecological destruction, producing the earth uninhabitable;
the issue of individual improvement of types of assets, including meals;
geopolitical issues that supply rise to issues and jeopardize mankind suicidal World War;
problem of deepening inequality and unequal improvement of various places, countries, areas, etc., continuously making local and worldwide concerns.
This is actually the improvement of world, and also the most significant complicated individual issues in the world continuously produce fresh and new. Hence, humanity started initially to jeopardize horrible illness. These utilize medication habit, terrorism, offense, dying conventional religious ideals. This really is possibly grounded reasons for problems that are worldwide.
A Comprehensive Study On E Waste Management: Present Situation And Future Imp...Mosfiqur Rahman
This document provides an overview of e-waste management in Bangladesh. It discusses the environmental and health hazards posed by e-waste, such as the release of heavy metals into the air, water and soil. Currently, informal and unsafe recycling practices are common in Bangladesh. The document then outlines international initiatives and policies for e-waste management, as well as strategies for reducing e-waste such as inventory management, product redesign, and recovery/reuse programs. It notes challenges in Bangladesh include a lack of awareness and proper regulations. Overall, the document analyzes the current situation of e-waste in Bangladesh and potential solutions to improve management and reduce environmental contamination.
Hospital wastes pose a significant impact on health and environment. From this study it can be said that there is an urgent need for raising awareness and education on medical waste issues. Proper waste management strategy is needed to ensure health and environmental safety. by Nimbalkar Girajaram Swamirao, Chavan Rdhul Tulashiram, Pedasangi Sachin Chandrakant and Mr. Ghatage S. A 2018. Hospital Waste Disposal. International Journal on Integrated Education. 1, 1 (Dec. 2018), 88-93 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/791/760 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/791
Electronic waste (e-waste) describes discarded electrical or electronic devices. Rapidly changing technology and planned obsolescence have resulted in a fast-growing amount of e-waste globally. E-waste contains hazardous but also valuable materials. There is disagreement around the relative risks of e-waste and whether restricting the international trade of used electronics improves or worsens conditions. While recycling e-waste recovers materials, informal processing in developing countries can cause health and environmental problems due to toxic emissions and water contamination.
Student 1
Jill Student
Professor Elliott-White
English 111-0011
31 March 2015
Banning E-waste
It is estimated that over 84 million broken or obsolete television, 200 million phones, and millions of computers and electronic devices sit collecting dust in homes, garages, attics, and basements (Infotrac Newsstands). Imagining a world in which no computers, cell phones, or televisions existed is not an easy task because the world has become fast paced complete with sophisticated electronic devices to match. Rapid technological innovations are rendering most electronic devices obsolete quicker than ever and creating a littered urban picture filled with the carcasses of the digital age called e-waste. E-waste is a generic term covering a variety of electronic devices that are nearing their end of life cycle and are discarded, donated, or given up to be recycled and is classified as the fastest growing part of global waste streams. The Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, estimates that the United States produces about 2.37 million tons of e-waste annually of which only about 25% of that is recovered with the remainder finding their final resting place in landfills. When considering the imminent danger of e-waste, there is a clear need to ban the flow of e-waste exports from the United States to developing nations due to the importance of ensuring that e-waste exports do not threaten national security, the strategic interest in recovering valuable materials, and the toll that it is taking on human health and the environment.
With the advancements in technology, also comes the advancements in counterfeit techniques which creates a potential for threats against national security. Counterfeit chips have been discovered not only in military equipment, but also government entities, that were refurbished from old e-waste and then sold to the United States. The counterfeit technology now has the potential to cause equipment failure and malfunction (Olds). Not only is it costly to remove malware, but also the man hours needed to remove any affected devices can be time consuming and expensive. In addition to counterfeit chips, there is evidence of fake routers being sold to all branches of the military, again in the form of refurbished and recycled e-waste components, which not only puts the government at risk but also the military (Olds). Secret information within the government and military could be at threat for espionage due to the fake routers which could then be accessed and exploited. There are multiple reports that state the majority of fake materials stem from plants located in China, specifically Guiyu which is a leading e-waste recycling plant (Olds). With a ban on e-waste exports, potential foreign enemies wouldn’t have access to government and military electronic devices that may not have been wiped cleaned before being discarded because the devices would all be recycled and refurbished within the national borders thus significantl.
E-waste, or electronic waste, refers to old, end-of-life electronic devices such as TVs, computers, phones, and other electronics. It is difficult to quantify the total amount of e-waste globally due to much of it being undocumented or categorized differently in different areas. Estimates suggest around 40 million tons of e-waste are generated worldwide annually. Only about 13% of e-waste is properly recycled, with the rest often being shipped illegally to developing countries or improperly disposed of. E-waste contains toxic heavy metals like lead, cadmium, and mercury that can harm human health and the environment if not handled properly.
Our E-Waste Problem is Ridiculous, and Gadget Makers Aren't Helping clarifies the damaging effects of dumping electronic waste into landfills. 70-80% of old phones end up in landfills when customers upgrade to new phones. While technology has improved, electronics have become harder to disassemble. The recycling process involves determining if devices can be resold; otherwise, they are shredded so materials like steel and copper can be recycled. However, extracting these materials can be difficult.
Similar to INTG-285 Electronic Waste Final Paper (20)
1. 1
Stefan Krause
INTG-285
May 8th, 2016
Final Paper
Electronic Waste
Beginning in the mid-20th century there was a new era introduced to the international
community; it was the introduction of the Digital Age. This new revolution of technology which
entered a new facet of developing and the processing of computers, digital recordings, and
numerous communication devices, brought not only those who could afford such commodities
closer and more impactful, but it intertwined the entire globalization of continents together as
one. A major player that resulted into the process of the Digital Age is the foundation of
Electronic Waste; when people think of waste they think of no good, useless equipment;
however, technological advancements such as computers, radios, and monitors, the lifespan and
usefulness is almost infinite. According to the United States EPA, the average American
household owns more than 20 electronic products. Developed countries such as the United States
exports 50-80% of 23,000 metric tons of electronic waste to developing countries such as China
and India. This process established a “trickle-down effect” where developing countries cannot
sustain the import of E-Waste from developed countries; this has led to a “Digital-Divide”
among these developing countries. With the influx rate of E-Waste to developing countries and
their Digital Divide among them, what impact will it have on their environment and society?
2. 2
The United States is one of the leading developed countries in the world that produce,
recycle, and distribute their electronic products to neighboring developing countries such as
Nigeria, China, and India. Several domestic statistics in which the United States currently
possess; the average cell phone user gets a new cell phone every 18 months, 20 million
Televisions are trashed every year, and alarmingly enough only 13% of Electronic Waste is
responsibly processed and recycled every year. (Levin pg. 1) Populated Cities such as San
Francisco, Denver, and Pittsburgh are becoming ever-more conscious of the real environmental
and health hazards/implications that can arise from the mismanagement and improper recycling
techniques that have been practiced for years. In these populated cities where low socioeconomic
status individuals reside, lack the presence of mind and their ability to really understand the
knowledge and the meaning behind properly and responsibly recycling electronic waste
products.
In recent years, ABC News conducted an investigation on an Electronic Waste recycler
that was based out of Denver; the recycling company claimed that they were properly recycling
the products that they received, but really they were not recycling at all. All of their products
such as computers, cell phones, T.V.’s, and laptops were transported onto shipping containers
and exported to Far East developing countries such as China and Hong Kong. (Levin; Money
Crashers) The rise of E-Waste can only be contributed by the rapid economic growth, the
urbanization development, and the growing demand for consumer electronic goods in the U.S. In
today’s interconnected and social globalized world, the ability for companies to produce and
distribute new electronic products is always going to be beneficial to the consumer because the
ever-growing demand for these products is not going to slow down. In the United States there are
multiple methods in which Electronic Waste ends up; there are landfills, incineration, reuse,
3. 3
recycle, and export approaches to manage these goods. With all of these methods there are
negative side effects such as the environmental impact, the chemical hazards these products
contain, and the societal impact it has on neighboring developing countries.
E-Waste is not just an environmental and human hazard to the world; it is a contributing
black market criminal impact as well. Inside of a personal desktop computer there are roughly up
to 30 chemicals, metals, and minerals that are the mechanical makeup of these products. Most of
these valuable substances are found in the circuit boards; the brains of these products. Metals
such as Gold, Silver, and Platinum along with minerals such as Gallium and Indium are within
these systems and can be used for other technologies such as flat screens. With all of these
different components that are within these electronic products the impact they carry can either
diminish or multiple by the proper or improper recycling of them.
Developing countries such as China acquire so much E-Waste that they are developing
landfills within populated cities such as Beijing that are becoming environmentally impacted by
the very hazardous substances in which they contain. Michael Bittner an editor for EHS Journal
states that, “Electronic gadgets can contain thousands of components made of potentially
harmful chemicals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, beryllium, antimony, polyvinyl
chlorides (PVC), brominated flame retardants, and phthalates”. (Bittner) Long term exposure to
these substances that are being disposed of improperly can correlate to effects of the nervous
system, kidneys, and livers, reproductive and endocrine systems. Societies that are subjected to
the continuous influx of E-Waste and who do not proactively try to change or prevent negative
impacts to the human and relative environments can negatively alter future generations. In these
developing countries the toxicity impact of these electronic products also has a critical impact on
their society; it is not uncommon for organic pollutants to mix readily with heavy metals in
4. 4
recycling workshops and make their way to neighboring communities, also the toxicant products
in which these countries leave them in have been established for decades, which leads to a
sustained and immediate danger to human and environmental life.
There is an ideologically and methodically difference between responsible recycling and
global dumping, individuals who are conscious of the environment and proactive in the way they
approach how to discard their E-Waste do so by properly taking apart their device or goods and
setting the harmful substances such as the circuit board separately; however, majority of people
and the ever-growing influence it has of “dumping” E-Waste to developing countries is far too
common. To put into perspective of the “dumping” crisis, developing nations import roughly
5,126 shipping containers, stacked up, 8 miles high; in one year. In 2001, the Basal Action
Network (BAN) conducted an investigation on E-Waste processing in countries such as Pakistan,
India, and China, they confirmed they “uncovered an entire area known as Guiyu in Guangdong
Province, surrounding the Lianjiang River northeast of Hong Kong where about 100,000 poor
migrant workers are employed breaking apart and processing obsolete computers imported
primarily from North America”. (Watson) The interesting fact about developing countries and
their relationship they have with E-Waste is that they operate with 19th century technology to try
and process and self-distribute 21st century technology.
Societies that have been impacted and altered by the change and influence of E-Waste are
not alone. The international community has become ever-more aware of the environmental and
societal impacts E-Waste is having on these developing nations and the very ecosystems in
which they revolve around. The United Nations World Health Organization has been a leading
contributor in the fight to proactively change the status of the nations that are affected, they have
incorporated programs such as, “The Libreville Declaration emanating from the first Inter-
5. 5
Ministerial Conference on Health and Environment in Africa 2008, the Busan Pledge for Action
on Children’s Environmental Health of 2009 and the Strategic Approach to Integrated Chemical
Management’s expanded Global Plan of Action issued at the International Conference on
Chemical Management ICCM3 in 2012”. (WHO) The World Health Organization is establishing
three main goals in their fight; identifying the main sources, potential health risks of e-waste
exposures and defining successful intervention programs. The WHO is not alone in the fight to
combat the issues that E-Waste are conveying on our society as a whole, the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the United States’ National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature
Conservation and Nuclear Safety are also teaming up to systematically diminish and destroy the
negative impacts E-Waste is having on nations all over the world.
In conclusion, E-Waste is not only a problem for developing countries all across the
world it is also an issue that affects people in your neighborhood and surrounding communities.
Society has been experiencing a technological growth ever since the Digital Age entering from
the mid-20th century, once society realized the greater benefits of these electronic products,
expansion within businesses and corporations grew, urbanization within populated cities rose,
and the thirst and drive of everyday people keeps on itching for the newest and best product. E-
Waste is a major contributor to the successes and the downfalls of developing nations such as
India and China where there socioeconomic and diverse population cannot sustain the influx of
imports they are receiving by nations such as the United States. Globalization in this
interconnected world should make the transition from one nation to another easier; in regards to
the distribution and responsible disposal of electronic consumer goods, the relationship is
growing apart and the human and environmental impact it is having on these nations can
6. 6
snowball effect back to flourishing nations. To combat the global issue of E-Waste there are
programs out their supported by the EPA and WHO who are systematically operating to diminish
and negate the impact E-Waste is having, but the real groups that can help this issue are everyday
people who by being conscious of their environment and by gaining knowledge and
understanding of the impacts of their choices can they really change the outcomes of Electronic
Waste in the world.
7. 7
Bibliography
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2. Kumar, Shashi. Jain, Arun. “E-Waste: Health Impacts in Developing Countries”. EHS
Journal. July 19th, 2014. May 7, 2016. Web.
3. “Where does E-Waste End Up?” Greenspace International. 24 February 2009. May 7,
2016. Web.
4. Pinto, Violet N. “E-Waste Hazard: The Impending Challenge.” Indian Journal of
Occupational and Environmental Medicine 12.2 (2008): 65–70. PMC. Web. 9 May 2016.
5. “Responsible Recycling V. Global Dumping”. Electronics TakeBack Coalition. May 7,
2016. Web.
6. “Electronic Waste”. World Health Organization. 2016. May 7, 2016. Web.