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INTERNET CENSORSHIP IN
CHINA
ZACHARIASZ POPIOLEK
FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL AND POLITICAL STUDIES
UNIVERISTY OF LODZ
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• Will China become country with the largest
number of Internet users and content?
• How China controls the web?
• Who is in charge of?
• What content is being blocked?
• Is there any freedom of expression in China
web?
Zachariasz Popiołek
HISTORICAL BACKROUND
• 1987 -first connection with Global Net
• 1994 -top level .cn domain has been
registered
• 1995 -permanent connection with Global Net
• 2009 -China's internet users surpass US
population
• 2012 -564 mln users with 42% penetration,
25% of Internet World content in Chinese
Zachariasz Popiołek
CHINESE
B
R
A
N
D
S
Zachariasz Popiołek
Forbidden by law:
• Inciting to resist or breaking the Constitution or laws or the
implementation of administrative regulations
• Inciting to overthrow the government or the socialist system
• Inciting division of the country, harming national unification
• Inciting hatred or discrimination among nationalities or harming the
unity of the nationalities
• Making falsehoods or distorting the truth, spreading rumors,
destroying the order of society
• Promoting feudal superstitions, sexually suggestive material,
gambling, violence, murder
• Terrorism or inciting others to criminal activity; openly insulting
other people or distorting the truth to slander people
• Injuring the reputation of state organizations
Zachariasz Popiołek
Controling and monitoring structure
Zachariasz Popiołek
Blocked content
• Politicaly sensetive terms
• Embarassing news events
• News reporting sites
• Online messages from dessidents
• Political activism sites
• Religious sites
• Pornography
Zachariasz Popiołek
Freedom space or cage?
• Netizens to express oneself use not blocked
homophonic words
• Some sensitive topic are allowed (’’PM 2,5’’)
• Each netizens precisely scanned and followed by
authorities
• 50 Cents Party used to neutralize unfavorable
comments
• Severe penalties for users breaking the law
Zachariasz Popiołek
Conclusions
• Most powerfull sophisticated online censorship and
surveillance system all over the world
• The biggest number of internet police
• The world’s biggest prison for netizens
• The greatest enemy of the Internet by reporters
without borders
• According to some activist „Chinese Net is like an iron
solid but atoms have been activated”
Zachariasz Popiołek

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Internet Censorship in China

  • 1. INTERNET CENSORSHIP IN CHINA ZACHARIASZ POPIOLEK FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL AND POLITICAL STUDIES UNIVERISTY OF LODZ
  • 2. RESEARCH QUESTIONS • Will China become country with the largest number of Internet users and content? • How China controls the web? • Who is in charge of? • What content is being blocked? • Is there any freedom of expression in China web? Zachariasz Popiołek
  • 3. HISTORICAL BACKROUND • 1987 -first connection with Global Net • 1994 -top level .cn domain has been registered • 1995 -permanent connection with Global Net • 2009 -China's internet users surpass US population • 2012 -564 mln users with 42% penetration, 25% of Internet World content in Chinese Zachariasz Popiołek
  • 5. Forbidden by law: • Inciting to resist or breaking the Constitution or laws or the implementation of administrative regulations • Inciting to overthrow the government or the socialist system • Inciting division of the country, harming national unification • Inciting hatred or discrimination among nationalities or harming the unity of the nationalities • Making falsehoods or distorting the truth, spreading rumors, destroying the order of society • Promoting feudal superstitions, sexually suggestive material, gambling, violence, murder • Terrorism or inciting others to criminal activity; openly insulting other people or distorting the truth to slander people • Injuring the reputation of state organizations Zachariasz Popiołek
  • 6. Controling and monitoring structure Zachariasz Popiołek
  • 7. Blocked content • Politicaly sensetive terms • Embarassing news events • News reporting sites • Online messages from dessidents • Political activism sites • Religious sites • Pornography Zachariasz Popiołek
  • 8. Freedom space or cage? • Netizens to express oneself use not blocked homophonic words • Some sensitive topic are allowed (’’PM 2,5’’) • Each netizens precisely scanned and followed by authorities • 50 Cents Party used to neutralize unfavorable comments • Severe penalties for users breaking the law Zachariasz Popiołek
  • 9. Conclusions • Most powerfull sophisticated online censorship and surveillance system all over the world • The biggest number of internet police • The world’s biggest prison for netizens • The greatest enemy of the Internet by reporters without borders • According to some activist „Chinese Net is like an iron solid but atoms have been activated” Zachariasz Popiołek