Canada is a developed country located in North America with a population of over 35 million people. It has a GDP of $1.827 trillion US dollars and GDP per capita of $51,958.38 US dollars. Canada's top exports include oil, vehicles, and machinery while its top imports include fertilizers, iron and steel, and aircraft. Foreign direct investment in Canada was $30 CAD million in the fourth quarter of 2014. Canada controls imports and exports of certain products like agricultural goods, firearms, steel, and technology.

1. 1
International trade documentation and logistics
Country specific: Case Study
Canada
HIMANSHU BHARDWAJ
A1802014126
Section-A

2. 2
Table of Content
CANADA........................................................................................................................................................ 3
Population ...................................................................................................................................................3
Location.....................................................................................................................................................4
Currency of Canada..................................................................................................................................5
GDP .......................................................................................................................................................6
Merchandise & Inflation Rate.............................................................................................................6
Cunha, 2015 .................................................................................................................................................7
The inflation rate in Canada. ........................................................................................................................7
Balance of payments .....................................................................................................................8
Foreign Direct Investment .........................................................................................................9
tradingnomics, 2015...................................................................................................................................9
Foreign Direct Investment in Canada...........................................................................................................9
Foreign institutional investor .............................................................................................. 10
Foreign trade policies...................................................................................................... 11
Bibliography...............................................................................................................................................12
Appendix.....................................................................................................................................................13
Table of Figures
Figure 1 3
Figure 2 4
Figure 3 5
Figure 4 8
Figure 5 9
Figure 6 9
Figure 7 10
Figure 8 11

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CANADA
Is a country in North America which consists of ten provinces and three territories, located in the
northern part of the continent moreover it extends from the Atlantic to the pacific and northward
into the Artic ocean. Canada is the fourth largest country by land area and world’s second largest
by total area moreover it is a developed country and one of the wealthiest in the world not only
this but its ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency,
civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom and education.
Figure 1
Population
According to World Bank the population of this country is 35.16 million, it’s a new world country
and has been predisposed to be a very open society with regards to immigration, which has been
an important factor in its massive population growth and Canadians make up about 0.5 percent of
the world’s total population.
Reason for population growth
According to www.statcan.gc.ca, the reason for Canada’s population growth that counts for
almost 66.5 percent of the total increase for the year 2013-2014 is accounted to international
migration.

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Location
Stock exchange
The economic capital of Canada is Toronto; it has the ‘Toronto stock exchange’, which is
abbreviated as ‘TSX’ and is one of the largest stock exchanges in the world. The chairman of this
stock exchange is Wayne fox and it is owned by and operated by TMX group for the trading of
senior equities. Toronto stock exchange was founded in the year 1861 on 25th October.
Sea Ports
Figure 2

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Not a landlocked country
Is not a landlocked country as a landlocked country is that country which is entirely enclosed by
land, the number of countries which come under the salutation of being a landlocked country are
forty eight in the world. There are certain disadvantages of being a landlocked country, as it cuts
a country off from important sea resources like fishing and sabotages direct access to seaborne
trade, which can be a crucial factor in economic development of the country.
Example of a landlocked country is Uzbekistan in Asia surrounded by five countries viz.
Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.
(wikipedia, 2015)
Currency of Canada
The capital of Canada is ‘Ottawa’, the city has evolved into a political and technological center of
Canada moreover name of the city has been derived from Algonquin word Odawa that means ‘to
trade’. Currency of Canada is Canadian dollar and the present exchange rate with respect to Indian
rupee is high on charts, as one Canadian dollar is fifty rupees.
(Wiki.org, 2015)
Figure 3

6. 6
GDP
 Gross domestic product that is abbreviated as GDP, in the year 2013 the GDP of Canada
is 1.827 trillion USD and GDP per capita’ for the year 2013 was 51,958.38 USD
 The GDP value of Canada represents 2.94 percent of the world economy moreover GDP
is the measure of national income and output of a nations economy. It is equal to the total
expenditures for all final goods and services produced within in a country in a stipulated
period of time
 The GDP of Canada expanded to 0.60 percent in the fourth quarter of the year 2014 and down
from a revised 0.8 percent increase in the previous period and dragged down by the fall in
business investments and exports.
 Moreover there was fall in export of good and services of about 0.4 percent that to after
increasing 2.2 percent in the previous quarter but export of goods were lower while those of
services were higher but imports were increased by 0.4 percent.
(Taborda, 2015)
Merchandise & Inflation Rate
The case study is based on Canada’s international trade hence it is important to know that which
are the things that Canada exports and imports. The percentage share each export category
represents in terms of overall exports from Canada is mentioned below.
Table 1
From the above products sales of electronic equipment went down 6.8 percent and aluminum
down 0.6 percent but cereals posted the highest gains at 57.3 percent followed by wood (up 49.4
percent) and oil (up 39.9 percent).
(Workman, Canadas top ten exports, 2015)
Oil 27.2 percent of total export
Vehicles 12.6 percent of total export
Machines, Engines, Pumps 6.9 percent
Gems, Precious metals, Coins 4.5 percent
Electronic equipment 2.9 percent
Plastics 2.8 percent
Wood 2.7 percent
Aircraft, spacecraft 2.6 percent
Aluminum 1.9 percent
Cereals 1.8 percent

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Goods and services imported in Canada
Table 2
(Workman, Top ten imports to Canada, 2015)
Inflation Rate
According to (Cunha, 2015);
The inflation rate in Canada was recorded at 1 percent in February of 2015. Inflation Rate in
Canada averaged 3.20 percent from 1915 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 21.60 percent in
June of 1920 and a record low of -17.80 percent in June of 1921.
Table 3
Fertilizers from Russia Wood from Austria
Iron and steel from Spain Rubber from Russia
Copper from Russia Aircraft & Spacecraft from Russia
Organic Chemicals from India Pharmaceuticals from India
Clothing from India Fruits and nuts from Mexico
Fish from India Plastics from Japan
Vegetables from Brazil Medical equipment’s from Australia
Stone and cement from Turkey Meat from Australia

8. 8
Balance of payments
The balance of payments (BOP) of a country is the record of all economic transactions between
the residents of a country and other people of the world in a particular period (over a quarter of a
year or over a year), these transactions are made by individuals, firms and government bodies.
The snapshot given below showcases the balance of payment made by Canada in different area
of the economy.
Figure 4

9. 9
Foreign Direct Investment
According to (tradingnomics, 2015);
Foreign Direct Investment in Canada decreased to 30 CAD million in the fourth quarter of 2014
from 1896 CAD Million in the third quarter of 2014. Foreign Direct Investment in Canada
averaged 404.22 CAD Million from 1981 until 2014, reaching an all time high of 7999 CAD Million
in the first quarter of 2013 and a record low of year 2013 CAD Million in the first quarter of 2010.
Foreign Direct Investment in Canada is reported by the Statistics Canada.
Figure 5
Figure 6

10. 10
Foreign institutional investor
Can be understood as the companies or investors, which is foreign to country ‘A’ is investing in
the financial market of country A. This institutional investor incorporates hedge funds, insurance
companies, pension funds and mutual funds or organizations which pool large sums of money
and invest those sums in securities, properties and other investment assets.
(Investopedia, 2015)
Canada has wide network of connection with security exchange board of India as the country has
funds advisor, trustees on behalf of such funds, pension funds all invested in Indian Market
Figure 7
The snapshot given as captioned figure 7 showcases the country wise distribution
of Fii’s registered with Security exchange board of India.

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Foreign trade policies
Information gathered from (Canada.ca, 2014) showcases that Canada has control regulations
over its import and export of products for example Agricultural, firearms, steel, technological
equipment’s and clothing which are elaborated further in this case.
Exporting
Some of the recent updates in regulations and notices
Figure 8
Products that comes under control products
 Military and strategic goods & technology
 Firearms
 Sugar and sugar containing products
 Peanut butter
 Logs
 United states origin goods and technologies
Importing
In accordance the Export and Import Permits Act, the Trade Controls and Technical Barriers
Bureau is responsible for issuing permits and certificates for various products included on
the Import Controls List (ICL). Products subject to import controls include Agricultural
Products, Firearms, Textiles and Clothing and Steel. Although a product may not be subject to
import controls, there may be a requirement for the issuance of an International Import
Certificate.

12. 12
Bibliography
wikipedia. (2015, april 01). Landlocked countries. Retrieved april 01, 2015, from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landlocked_country
Wiki.org. (2015, march 30). Capital of Canada. Retrieved april 03, 2015, from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa
Taborda, J. (2015, march 03). Canada gdp growth rate. Retrieved April 05, 2015, from
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/canada/gdp-growth
Workman, D. (2015, February 19). Canadas top ten exports. Retrieved april 05, 2015, from World
top exports: http://www.worldstopexports.com/canadas-top-exports/2502
Workman, D. (2015, march 04). Top ten imports to Canada. Retrieved april 05, 2015, from World
richest Countries: http://www.worldsrichestcountries.com/top-canada-imports.html
Cunha, C. (2015, march 20). Canada inflation rate. Retrieved april 05, 2015, from Trading
economics: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/canada/inflation-cpi
tradingnomics. (2015, march 06). Canadas foreign direct investment. Retrieved april 05, 2015,
from Statistics Canada: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/canada/foreign-direct-investment
Investopedia. (2015, february 26). Foreign institutional investor. Retrieved april 05, 2015, from
investopedia.com: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fii.asp
Canada.ca. (2014, december 11). Foreign affairs, trade and development canada. Retrieved april
05, 2015, from international.gc.ca: http://www.international.gc.ca/controls-
controles/index.aspx?lang=eng

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Appendix

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