Global Business Process Management reportpexnetwork
BPM can deliver key benefits to organizations, including:
1) Cost efficiency - 56% of respondents anticipated increased investment in efficiency over the next 12 months through BPM. BPM allows strategic investment to achieve material savings.
2) Business agility - BPM helps organizations adapt processes quickly to changing business needs or customer demands.
3) Compliance - BPM supports compliance through standardized, transparent processes that can be more easily audited.
4) Customer centricity - Over three-quarters of respondents who introduced BPM to improve customer relations reported a positive impact on the business.
The benefits realized depend on an organization's objectives and maturity level with BPM. Executive-level sponsorship
This document provides reference materials for the STAAR Grade 8 Mathematics test, including conversions between customary and metric units for length, volume and capacity, weight and mass, and time. It also includes formulas for calculating circumference, area, surface area, and volume for basic shapes like circles, triangles, rectangles, prisms, pyramids, cylinders, spheres, and more.
This document contains lists of different types of domestic waste and procedures for waste management. It includes wet and dry recyclable wastes, as well as hazardous wastes. It outlines a two bin concept for waste collection and processing of organic waste using an Organic Waste Converter. Technical specifications and commercial proposals for the required machinery like composting machines, curing systems, and shredders are also provided. A proposal from SVM Infraestate outlines roles for the developer, SVM, and society in implementing the waste management system.
This document is a revision of the Zamil Steel Company Limited Pre-Engineered Buildings Division Design Manual. It presents changes made to standards for single skin and Tempcon panels, built-up sections, serviceability considerations, connections, and some results of technical studies. Designers are advised to read the entire manual, which includes revisions to clauses covering topics like expansion joints, bracing systems, purlins, anchors, and crane beams. Feedback on the manual is appreciated for continuous improvement.
Routine maintenance is most often oil and filter changes, tire rotations, and various inspections. After the length of your warranty, routine maintenance often becomes more involved and more expensive. Car owners usually become aware of the need for routine maintenance at certain mileage intervals.
Fuel Economy: There are a number of ways that regular maintenance can help ensure you're getting the most out of your vehicle's fuel economy. For instance, making sure your tire pressure is set to the right levels can help prevent your car from expending unnecessary energy and fuel while moving.
Check your oil regularly and change it at the recommended intervals. This is perhaps the single most important thing you can do to keep your engine running well. Also make certain you change the filter as needed or recommended. Check your owner's manual for the correct oil weight to use.
50,000 miles: Replace worn parts such as brake pads; install a new fuel filter; drain and replace the automatic transmission fuel and filter. The exhaust system, muffler, catalytic converter, and suspension components should also be inspected and worn parts should be swapped out.
Which car brand has the highest maintenance cost?
Toyota
Toyota has emerged as the most economical brand when it comes to vehicle maintenance costs for a period of 10 years, while BMW and Mercedes-Benz hold their position of the highest maintenance cost vehicles.
Why is routine maintenance important?
Routine maintenance is considered one of the most important things you can do for your vehicle. A vehicle that receives regular service will contribute less to pollution, will use less fuel, will run more efficiently, and will last longer in contrast to a vehicle that does not receive routine maintenance.
The document provides guidance on various aspects of engineering design. It begins with house rules and meeting guidelines for engineers. It then lists relevant books on topics like concrete, steel, foundations, and materials. Key points on concept design are discussed, including considering safety, serviceability, economy, and appearance. Critical decisions at the concept stage that influence the overall structure are outlined, such as structural system, column layout, bracing locations, floor penetrations, and exterior cladding.
1. The document provides guidance from Rolls-Royce on how to design products for manufacture and assembly (DFMA). It explains that DFMA aims to minimize product costs through the lifecycle by making products simpler to manufacture and assemble.
2. The document covers DFMA principles and reviews design for assembly and design for manufacturing guidelines. It provides examples of how to reduce part counts, simplify handling and insertion, and prevent assembly errors.
3. Design for manufacturing guidelines include selecting cost-effective materials and processes, and standardizing sizes to reduce costs. Applying DFMA is presented as an ongoing, cross-functional process starting early in design.
The document provides an introduction to machine design and the design process. It discusses definitions of design, classifications of machine design including adaptive, development and new design. General considerations in machine design are outlined such as type of load, motion of parts, selection of materials, form and size of parts, friction and lubrication, convenient and economical features, use of standard parts, safety, workshop facilities, cost, and assembly. Mechanical engineering design is defined as the design of mechanical systems, machines, products, structures, and instruments using mathematics, materials sciences, and engineering mechanics sciences.
Global Business Process Management reportpexnetwork
BPM can deliver key benefits to organizations, including:
1) Cost efficiency - 56% of respondents anticipated increased investment in efficiency over the next 12 months through BPM. BPM allows strategic investment to achieve material savings.
2) Business agility - BPM helps organizations adapt processes quickly to changing business needs or customer demands.
3) Compliance - BPM supports compliance through standardized, transparent processes that can be more easily audited.
4) Customer centricity - Over three-quarters of respondents who introduced BPM to improve customer relations reported a positive impact on the business.
The benefits realized depend on an organization's objectives and maturity level with BPM. Executive-level sponsorship
This document provides reference materials for the STAAR Grade 8 Mathematics test, including conversions between customary and metric units for length, volume and capacity, weight and mass, and time. It also includes formulas for calculating circumference, area, surface area, and volume for basic shapes like circles, triangles, rectangles, prisms, pyramids, cylinders, spheres, and more.
This document contains lists of different types of domestic waste and procedures for waste management. It includes wet and dry recyclable wastes, as well as hazardous wastes. It outlines a two bin concept for waste collection and processing of organic waste using an Organic Waste Converter. Technical specifications and commercial proposals for the required machinery like composting machines, curing systems, and shredders are also provided. A proposal from SVM Infraestate outlines roles for the developer, SVM, and society in implementing the waste management system.
This document is a revision of the Zamil Steel Company Limited Pre-Engineered Buildings Division Design Manual. It presents changes made to standards for single skin and Tempcon panels, built-up sections, serviceability considerations, connections, and some results of technical studies. Designers are advised to read the entire manual, which includes revisions to clauses covering topics like expansion joints, bracing systems, purlins, anchors, and crane beams. Feedback on the manual is appreciated for continuous improvement.
Routine maintenance is most often oil and filter changes, tire rotations, and various inspections. After the length of your warranty, routine maintenance often becomes more involved and more expensive. Car owners usually become aware of the need for routine maintenance at certain mileage intervals.
Fuel Economy: There are a number of ways that regular maintenance can help ensure you're getting the most out of your vehicle's fuel economy. For instance, making sure your tire pressure is set to the right levels can help prevent your car from expending unnecessary energy and fuel while moving.
Check your oil regularly and change it at the recommended intervals. This is perhaps the single most important thing you can do to keep your engine running well. Also make certain you change the filter as needed or recommended. Check your owner's manual for the correct oil weight to use.
50,000 miles: Replace worn parts such as brake pads; install a new fuel filter; drain and replace the automatic transmission fuel and filter. The exhaust system, muffler, catalytic converter, and suspension components should also be inspected and worn parts should be swapped out.
Which car brand has the highest maintenance cost?
Toyota
Toyota has emerged as the most economical brand when it comes to vehicle maintenance costs for a period of 10 years, while BMW and Mercedes-Benz hold their position of the highest maintenance cost vehicles.
Why is routine maintenance important?
Routine maintenance is considered one of the most important things you can do for your vehicle. A vehicle that receives regular service will contribute less to pollution, will use less fuel, will run more efficiently, and will last longer in contrast to a vehicle that does not receive routine maintenance.
The document provides guidance on various aspects of engineering design. It begins with house rules and meeting guidelines for engineers. It then lists relevant books on topics like concrete, steel, foundations, and materials. Key points on concept design are discussed, including considering safety, serviceability, economy, and appearance. Critical decisions at the concept stage that influence the overall structure are outlined, such as structural system, column layout, bracing locations, floor penetrations, and exterior cladding.
1. The document provides guidance from Rolls-Royce on how to design products for manufacture and assembly (DFMA). It explains that DFMA aims to minimize product costs through the lifecycle by making products simpler to manufacture and assemble.
2. The document covers DFMA principles and reviews design for assembly and design for manufacturing guidelines. It provides examples of how to reduce part counts, simplify handling and insertion, and prevent assembly errors.
3. Design for manufacturing guidelines include selecting cost-effective materials and processes, and standardizing sizes to reduce costs. Applying DFMA is presented as an ongoing, cross-functional process starting early in design.
The document provides an introduction to machine design and the design process. It discusses definitions of design, classifications of machine design including adaptive, development and new design. General considerations in machine design are outlined such as type of load, motion of parts, selection of materials, form and size of parts, friction and lubrication, convenient and economical features, use of standard parts, safety, workshop facilities, cost, and assembly. Mechanical engineering design is defined as the design of mechanical systems, machines, products, structures, and instruments using mathematics, materials sciences, and engineering mechanics sciences.
This document presents information about architects and the architectural process. It introduces 6 presenters and 2 tutors. It then defines an architect as someone who designs, supervises, and manages building construction. The document outlines the main stages of an architectural project: consultation, preliminary design, working drawings, construction, and handover. It also discusses the roles and relationships of architects with other professions like engineers and quantity surveyors during a project.
This document presents information about architects and the architectural process. It introduces 6 presenters and 2 tutors. It then defines an architect as someone who designs, supervises, and manages building construction. The document outlines the main stages of an architectural project: consultation, preliminary design, working drawings, construction drawings, construction phase, and handover. It also discusses the roles of related professions like engineers and quantity surveyors. Finally, it provides some resources for further information.
RSM Design Solutions is Facade Consultant Specializing in all Facade Element Treatments. Founded in 2008, our design and consulting services
for state-of-the-art building envelope systems. RSM Design Solutions operates as a 100% Employee-owned and operated organization.
Management of the Company has come from within the ranks of the staff, with design professionals who are completely and solely dedicated to
design, engineering, and consulting for the building envelope. Our engineers participate with the whole design team to generate a balanced design
which satisfies a wide range of performance and aesthetic requirements. Facades form the envelope between the internal and external
environments and the design fundamentally affects the performance of the whole building. Good Facade design contributes to optimized
performance, reduced energy costs and improved comfort levels. Our goal is to integrate the thermal, acoustic, fire and ventilation performance
requirements, while honoring the aesthetic intent. All these objectives are to be delivered within the context of environmental sustain ability and
economic viability.
Our extensive experience, technical expertise and professional focus ensures our clients get the best possible service. Our policy is to form long
term associations with our clients and working closely in partnership throughout the period of the project. We endeavor to fully understand the
client’s objectives and utilize our knowledge and expertise to congregate their goals.
As a professional services firm, we provide design and engineering for some of the most well-known Facade cladding manufacturers, providing
design support for established and tested systems, creating new systems, and assisting in development of innovative new approaches to cladding
execution.
We work closely with Building Owners &Developers,Architects,PMCand Specialist Facade Contractors
For Building Owners&Developers ...We develop systems to guide you selecting appropriate&economical system for your project. .........
ForArchitects&PMC ......We assist Architects in making FacadeDetails, Tender andProject Specification. ............................
For Specialist Facade Contractor We provide complete Design-Developmentwith Project planning. ...............
Our Mission
To provide the efficient, cost effective and innovative design & engineering solutions that deal with the latest developments in the facade technology,
raising the quality standards and persistently setting a new benchmark in the facade engineering industry.
OurVision
To be a prominent global provider of facade consultancy, design and engineering services and to play an significant role in the development of our
industry.
This document provides a summary of revisions made to the Zamil Steel Company Limited Pre-Engineered Buildings Division Design Manual. Some of the major changes included in this revision relate to:
- Serviceability consideration requirements
- Expansion joint standards
- Bracing system arrangement guidelines
- Standards for built-up sections, galvanized members, and standard anchor bolts
- Updates to the design of various structural components like flange braces, crane beams, roof and wall framing members, and end wall systems
The document outlines the responsibilities of design and quote engineers and provides the table of contents for the manual, which covers topics like materials, loads, framing design, secondary member design, and end wall
This document provides a summary of revisions made to the Zamil Steel Company Limited Pre-Engineered Buildings Division Design Manual. Some of the major changes included in this revision relate to:
- Serviceability consideration requirements
- Expansion joint standards
- Bracing system arrangement guidelines
- Standards for built-up sections, galvanized members, and standard anchor bolts
- Updates to the design of various structural components like flange braces, crane beams, roof and wall framing members, and end wall systems
The document outlines the responsibilities of design and quote engineers and provides the table of contents for the manual, which covers topics like materials, loads, framing design, secondary member design, and end wall
This document provides an overview of integrated project delivery (IPD), a collaborative project delivery approach that aims to optimize outcomes. It discusses IPD principles like mutual trust and benefit, collaborative decision-making, and open communication. It also addresses how to set up an integrated project, including team building, defining roles and goals, and addressing legal considerations. Finally, it outlines how to implement IPD principles through the project phases and different delivery models. The guide seeks to help readers understand, advocate for, and implement IPD to improve construction industry efficiency and outcomes.
This internship summary covers Farah Aldaghestani's summer internship with Creative Design Company in Erbil, Iraq. During the 8-week internship, Farah worked on the Henk Residential Project, which included designing the master plan, floor plans, building elevations, and interior designs of 24 residential buildings and supporting facilities using various software programs. Farah contributed design ideas and learned new skills in project planning, design visualization, and international collaboration. The internship provided valuable real-world experience in architecture engineering that enhanced Farah's technical skills and understanding of the engineering profession.
Adapted from IMA IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO..docxkatherncarlyle
Adapted from IMA
IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO. 3, ART. 1, SEPTEMBER 2018
ISSN 1940-204X
Chandler Corp: Choosing the Right Costing Method to Evaluate New Products
Paulette A. Ratliff-Miller
Associate Professor
Grand Valley State University
INTRODUCTION
Over many years, Chandler Corporation has become a profitable business by making
awnings, pavilions, and other types of shade shelters. Most of the customers are
municipalities looking for shelters for state parks or school districts that want covered
walkways for students. Every job is custom, because each customer has different
needs, and each location has different features. Chandler makes products when it
receives an order; it does not produce products for inventory. While a customer might
order multiple units for its site, the durability of the products means that the customer
will not have to reorder replacements for decades.
So, when Ned Beale, the vice president of Sales and Marketing at Chandler, received
a call from a swimming pool retailer in Florida that wanted a continuous supply of
identical shelters, he was excited about the potential sales but a bit unsure as to
whether Chandler could handle the order. The previous week he had gotten a similar
call from a landscaping company inquiring about lattice-covered trellises the company
wanted to incorporate into its landscape designs. He immediately texted Dan Smith, the
CFO of Chandler, requesting a meeting to discuss whether to accept the new orders.
COMPANY BACKGROUND
Chandler Corporation, located in Chandler, Arizona, has been in the business of
manufacturing fixed outdoor shade shelters for more than 30 years. Its customers are
often public agencies (for example, city planners, schools, public parks, and so on), but
they sometimes are landscape architects and designers who are developing outdoor
areas for private customers (such as businesses, daycare centers, homes, and so on).
The products are produced in a wide variety of configurations, including amphitheaters,
pavilions, gazebos, trellises, transit shelters, walkway covers, dugout/bleacher covers,
and fabric shade structures. These are all engineered to the customer’s specification
and are quick to install, which minimizes building time and disruption. Chandler provides
a complete turnkey service from concept to completion with custom products for each
site. The primary value driver is a quality design that can be easily installed on site.
PRODUCTS
Chandler specializes in shelters with tubular metal frames. Because of state and local
building codes and site-specific constraints, Chandler’s products are custom engineered
and made for each location. A typical structure includes a steel frame, roofing, and other
decorative and functional options. The frame consists of columns and supports for the
roof, which can be painted in any color. Columns vary from simple designs, which use
uprights consisting of one rect.
Adapted from IMA IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO..docxdaniahendric
Adapted from IMA
IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO. 3, ART. 1, SEPTEMBER 2018
ISSN 1940-204X
Chandler Corp: Choosing the Right Costing Method to Evaluate New Products
Paulette A. Ratliff-Miller
Associate Professor
Grand Valley State University
INTRODUCTION
Over many years, Chandler Corporation has become a profitable business by making
awnings, pavilions, and other types of shade shelters. Most of the customers are
municipalities looking for shelters for state parks or school districts that want covered
walkways for students. Every job is custom, because each customer has different
needs, and each location has different features. Chandler makes products when it
receives an order; it does not produce products for inventory. While a customer might
order multiple units for its site, the durability of the products means that the customer
will not have to reorder replacements for decades.
So, when Ned Beale, the vice president of Sales and Marketing at Chandler, received
a call from a swimming pool retailer in Florida that wanted a continuous supply of
identical shelters, he was excited about the potential sales but a bit unsure as to
whether Chandler could handle the order. The previous week he had gotten a similar
call from a landscaping company inquiring about lattice-covered trellises the company
wanted to incorporate into its landscape designs. He immediately texted Dan Smith, the
CFO of Chandler, requesting a meeting to discuss whether to accept the new orders.
COMPANY BACKGROUND
Chandler Corporation, located in Chandler, Arizona, has been in the business of
manufacturing fixed outdoor shade shelters for more than 30 years. Its customers are
often public agencies (for example, city planners, schools, public parks, and so on), but
they sometimes are landscape architects and designers who are developing outdoor
areas for private customers (such as businesses, daycare centers, homes, and so on).
The products are produced in a wide variety of configurations, including amphitheaters,
pavilions, gazebos, trellises, transit shelters, walkway covers, dugout/bleacher covers,
and fabric shade structures. These are all engineered to the customer’s specification
and are quick to install, which minimizes building time and disruption. Chandler provides
a complete turnkey service from concept to completion with custom products for each
site. The primary value driver is a quality design that can be easily installed on site.
PRODUCTS
Chandler specializes in shelters with tubular metal frames. Because of state and local
building codes and site-specific constraints, Chandler’s products are custom engineered
and made for each location. A typical structure includes a steel frame, roofing, and other
decorative and functional options. The frame consists of columns and supports for the
roof, which can be painted in any color. Columns vary from simple designs, which use
uprights consisting of one rect ...
Space planning, calculation, and specification are important components of building system design technical documentation. Space planning involves analyzing how physical space will be used and laid out. Calculations determine building dimensions and structural components. Specifications provide detailed requirements for materials, quality, and work to ensure efficient use of space and compliance with regulations. They guide contractors and prevent disputes.
The intern summarizes their 10 week internship experience at Dongre Project Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. They gained valuable technical skills and knowledge in areas like quantity surveying, estimation, construction management. They assisted the team on projects like preparing BOQs, site visits, preliminary estimates, and learned about the business aspects of project management consultancy. The internship provided valuable hands-on learning experience.
This document discusses the analysis and design of a proposed G+5 commercial building using ETABS software. It will involve modeling the building in ETABS to analyze how it will behave under various loads according to Indian code standards. The objectives are to analyze the building frame using ETABS, design all structural members based on limit state methods, suggest a cost-effective design, and ensure the design meets Indian code standards and NBC guidelines. The methodology will include load calculation, modeling the building in ETABS, preliminary member sizing, and seismic analysis methods like equivalent static analysis and response spectrum analysis.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the 5th edition of the AIAA Aerospace Design Engineers Guide. It discusses the guide's purpose of providing commonly used engineering reference data and general reference information for aerospace design disciplines. It also outlines some key systems engineering concepts for design engineers to consider, including understanding customer needs, developing a concept of operations, reviewing requirements for completeness, and using trade study methods to develop the product design.
This presentation discusses the design of a jig and fixture using CAD software. It outlines the objectives of identifying the key functions of a jig, creating a 3D model using Solidworks, and getting feedback to make adjustments. It defines what a jig is used for in manufacturing and introduces Solidworks as the CAD software used. In the discussion, it notes the importance of following instructions carefully during the design process to avoid mistakes. The conclusion emphasizes that precise measurements are needed to match the example and ensure no errors during assembly, and that Solidworks was successfully used to design the final jig product.
Specifications provide clear requirements for materials, products, and services. They help control risks, obtain value for money, and maximize success. Specifications should be performance-based to promote competition. Estimations involve calculating approximate costs before work based on drawings, specifications, rates, and factors like location, labor, and materials. Rough estimates decide feasibility while detailed estimates provide costs for approval and contractor payments.
- Constructability refers to how well a design can be built according to specifications, on time, and within budget. Ensuring constructability involves early contractor involvement in design, design quality reviews, and consideration of construction methods and materials.
- Effective methods for identifying and preventing constructability problems include assigning a "constructability champion," using BIM with clash detection, collecting lessons learned, and conducting design reviews with contractors. Early contractor involvement in design-build projects also helps address constructability.
- Field experience is important for designers to understand construction realities. Regular site visits and communication between designers and contractors can help address issues early. Formal constructability reviews at 30%, 60%, and 90% design stages with contractor input can further
This document provides an introduction to the construction industry and architectural drawings. It discusses the various phases of architectural design including pre-design, schematic design, design development, construction documentation, and construction administration. It also outlines the responsibilities of architects at each phase and types of architectural drawings like presentation drawings, survey drawings, working drawings, and record drawings. Finally, it briefly discusses the roles of professional organizations like PAM and LAM in Malaysia.
This document provides an introduction to machine design. It defines machine design as using scientific principles, technical information, and imagination to describe a machine to perform specific functions with maximum economy and efficiency. The document then outlines the basic principles of mechanical design, including the design process and considerations for static and fatigue loads. It also discusses standards and material selection in machine design.
The document provides information on machine design principles and farm machinery design. It defines key terms like machine, mechanism, machine elements, and machinery. It then discusses machine design considerations and the process, which includes planning, concept design, detailed design, manufacturing, and commercialization. Specific to farm machinery, it discusses design parameters, differences from other machines including operating conditions and human factors, features of well-designed machines, and power transmission components like belts and chains.
The author has worked for 30 years in the human resources arena in India and abroad. He was Group Vice -President of MZI Group in New Delhi and has anchored Human Relations in Go Air and Hotel Holiday Inn; was General Manager-Health Human Resources a ... more ▾
The document provides information on Khmer cities, including Angkor Wat, in Cambodia from the 9th to 15th centuries. It discusses the urban layout and defensive structures of Khmer cities, with an emphasis on Angkor Wat. Some key points:
- Khmer cities were centered around important Hindu or Buddhist temples and enclosed by walls (enceintes) and moats for defensive purposes. Angkor Wat had a 15-foot high laterite wall and wide moat.
- Angkor Wat served not only religious functions but also took on a defensive role later in its history, between the 13th-17th centuries, when wooden structures were added to the walls.
- Khmer society was organized
This document presents information about architects and the architectural process. It introduces 6 presenters and 2 tutors. It then defines an architect as someone who designs, supervises, and manages building construction. The document outlines the main stages of an architectural project: consultation, preliminary design, working drawings, construction, and handover. It also discusses the roles and relationships of architects with other professions like engineers and quantity surveyors during a project.
This document presents information about architects and the architectural process. It introduces 6 presenters and 2 tutors. It then defines an architect as someone who designs, supervises, and manages building construction. The document outlines the main stages of an architectural project: consultation, preliminary design, working drawings, construction drawings, construction phase, and handover. It also discusses the roles of related professions like engineers and quantity surveyors. Finally, it provides some resources for further information.
RSM Design Solutions is Facade Consultant Specializing in all Facade Element Treatments. Founded in 2008, our design and consulting services
for state-of-the-art building envelope systems. RSM Design Solutions operates as a 100% Employee-owned and operated organization.
Management of the Company has come from within the ranks of the staff, with design professionals who are completely and solely dedicated to
design, engineering, and consulting for the building envelope. Our engineers participate with the whole design team to generate a balanced design
which satisfies a wide range of performance and aesthetic requirements. Facades form the envelope between the internal and external
environments and the design fundamentally affects the performance of the whole building. Good Facade design contributes to optimized
performance, reduced energy costs and improved comfort levels. Our goal is to integrate the thermal, acoustic, fire and ventilation performance
requirements, while honoring the aesthetic intent. All these objectives are to be delivered within the context of environmental sustain ability and
economic viability.
Our extensive experience, technical expertise and professional focus ensures our clients get the best possible service. Our policy is to form long
term associations with our clients and working closely in partnership throughout the period of the project. We endeavor to fully understand the
client’s objectives and utilize our knowledge and expertise to congregate their goals.
As a professional services firm, we provide design and engineering for some of the most well-known Facade cladding manufacturers, providing
design support for established and tested systems, creating new systems, and assisting in development of innovative new approaches to cladding
execution.
We work closely with Building Owners &Developers,Architects,PMCand Specialist Facade Contractors
For Building Owners&Developers ...We develop systems to guide you selecting appropriate&economical system for your project. .........
ForArchitects&PMC ......We assist Architects in making FacadeDetails, Tender andProject Specification. ............................
For Specialist Facade Contractor We provide complete Design-Developmentwith Project planning. ...............
Our Mission
To provide the efficient, cost effective and innovative design & engineering solutions that deal with the latest developments in the facade technology,
raising the quality standards and persistently setting a new benchmark in the facade engineering industry.
OurVision
To be a prominent global provider of facade consultancy, design and engineering services and to play an significant role in the development of our
industry.
This document provides a summary of revisions made to the Zamil Steel Company Limited Pre-Engineered Buildings Division Design Manual. Some of the major changes included in this revision relate to:
- Serviceability consideration requirements
- Expansion joint standards
- Bracing system arrangement guidelines
- Standards for built-up sections, galvanized members, and standard anchor bolts
- Updates to the design of various structural components like flange braces, crane beams, roof and wall framing members, and end wall systems
The document outlines the responsibilities of design and quote engineers and provides the table of contents for the manual, which covers topics like materials, loads, framing design, secondary member design, and end wall
This document provides a summary of revisions made to the Zamil Steel Company Limited Pre-Engineered Buildings Division Design Manual. Some of the major changes included in this revision relate to:
- Serviceability consideration requirements
- Expansion joint standards
- Bracing system arrangement guidelines
- Standards for built-up sections, galvanized members, and standard anchor bolts
- Updates to the design of various structural components like flange braces, crane beams, roof and wall framing members, and end wall systems
The document outlines the responsibilities of design and quote engineers and provides the table of contents for the manual, which covers topics like materials, loads, framing design, secondary member design, and end wall
This document provides an overview of integrated project delivery (IPD), a collaborative project delivery approach that aims to optimize outcomes. It discusses IPD principles like mutual trust and benefit, collaborative decision-making, and open communication. It also addresses how to set up an integrated project, including team building, defining roles and goals, and addressing legal considerations. Finally, it outlines how to implement IPD principles through the project phases and different delivery models. The guide seeks to help readers understand, advocate for, and implement IPD to improve construction industry efficiency and outcomes.
This internship summary covers Farah Aldaghestani's summer internship with Creative Design Company in Erbil, Iraq. During the 8-week internship, Farah worked on the Henk Residential Project, which included designing the master plan, floor plans, building elevations, and interior designs of 24 residential buildings and supporting facilities using various software programs. Farah contributed design ideas and learned new skills in project planning, design visualization, and international collaboration. The internship provided valuable real-world experience in architecture engineering that enhanced Farah's technical skills and understanding of the engineering profession.
Adapted from IMA IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO..docxkatherncarlyle
Adapted from IMA
IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO. 3, ART. 1, SEPTEMBER 2018
ISSN 1940-204X
Chandler Corp: Choosing the Right Costing Method to Evaluate New Products
Paulette A. Ratliff-Miller
Associate Professor
Grand Valley State University
INTRODUCTION
Over many years, Chandler Corporation has become a profitable business by making
awnings, pavilions, and other types of shade shelters. Most of the customers are
municipalities looking for shelters for state parks or school districts that want covered
walkways for students. Every job is custom, because each customer has different
needs, and each location has different features. Chandler makes products when it
receives an order; it does not produce products for inventory. While a customer might
order multiple units for its site, the durability of the products means that the customer
will not have to reorder replacements for decades.
So, when Ned Beale, the vice president of Sales and Marketing at Chandler, received
a call from a swimming pool retailer in Florida that wanted a continuous supply of
identical shelters, he was excited about the potential sales but a bit unsure as to
whether Chandler could handle the order. The previous week he had gotten a similar
call from a landscaping company inquiring about lattice-covered trellises the company
wanted to incorporate into its landscape designs. He immediately texted Dan Smith, the
CFO of Chandler, requesting a meeting to discuss whether to accept the new orders.
COMPANY BACKGROUND
Chandler Corporation, located in Chandler, Arizona, has been in the business of
manufacturing fixed outdoor shade shelters for more than 30 years. Its customers are
often public agencies (for example, city planners, schools, public parks, and so on), but
they sometimes are landscape architects and designers who are developing outdoor
areas for private customers (such as businesses, daycare centers, homes, and so on).
The products are produced in a wide variety of configurations, including amphitheaters,
pavilions, gazebos, trellises, transit shelters, walkway covers, dugout/bleacher covers,
and fabric shade structures. These are all engineered to the customer’s specification
and are quick to install, which minimizes building time and disruption. Chandler provides
a complete turnkey service from concept to completion with custom products for each
site. The primary value driver is a quality design that can be easily installed on site.
PRODUCTS
Chandler specializes in shelters with tubular metal frames. Because of state and local
building codes and site-specific constraints, Chandler’s products are custom engineered
and made for each location. A typical structure includes a steel frame, roofing, and other
decorative and functional options. The frame consists of columns and supports for the
roof, which can be painted in any color. Columns vary from simple designs, which use
uprights consisting of one rect.
Adapted from IMA IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO..docxdaniahendric
Adapted from IMA
IMA EDUCATIONAL CASE JOURNAL VOL. 11, NO. 3, ART. 1, SEPTEMBER 2018
ISSN 1940-204X
Chandler Corp: Choosing the Right Costing Method to Evaluate New Products
Paulette A. Ratliff-Miller
Associate Professor
Grand Valley State University
INTRODUCTION
Over many years, Chandler Corporation has become a profitable business by making
awnings, pavilions, and other types of shade shelters. Most of the customers are
municipalities looking for shelters for state parks or school districts that want covered
walkways for students. Every job is custom, because each customer has different
needs, and each location has different features. Chandler makes products when it
receives an order; it does not produce products for inventory. While a customer might
order multiple units for its site, the durability of the products means that the customer
will not have to reorder replacements for decades.
So, when Ned Beale, the vice president of Sales and Marketing at Chandler, received
a call from a swimming pool retailer in Florida that wanted a continuous supply of
identical shelters, he was excited about the potential sales but a bit unsure as to
whether Chandler could handle the order. The previous week he had gotten a similar
call from a landscaping company inquiring about lattice-covered trellises the company
wanted to incorporate into its landscape designs. He immediately texted Dan Smith, the
CFO of Chandler, requesting a meeting to discuss whether to accept the new orders.
COMPANY BACKGROUND
Chandler Corporation, located in Chandler, Arizona, has been in the business of
manufacturing fixed outdoor shade shelters for more than 30 years. Its customers are
often public agencies (for example, city planners, schools, public parks, and so on), but
they sometimes are landscape architects and designers who are developing outdoor
areas for private customers (such as businesses, daycare centers, homes, and so on).
The products are produced in a wide variety of configurations, including amphitheaters,
pavilions, gazebos, trellises, transit shelters, walkway covers, dugout/bleacher covers,
and fabric shade structures. These are all engineered to the customer’s specification
and are quick to install, which minimizes building time and disruption. Chandler provides
a complete turnkey service from concept to completion with custom products for each
site. The primary value driver is a quality design that can be easily installed on site.
PRODUCTS
Chandler specializes in shelters with tubular metal frames. Because of state and local
building codes and site-specific constraints, Chandler’s products are custom engineered
and made for each location. A typical structure includes a steel frame, roofing, and other
decorative and functional options. The frame consists of columns and supports for the
roof, which can be painted in any color. Columns vary from simple designs, which use
uprights consisting of one rect ...
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2. The men and women of Air Mobility Command are strongly
committed to providing Global Reach for America. In return, the
senior leaders are equally committed to providing their people the
quality facilities they need and deserve.
One of the most important factors in determining the quality of a
facility is its interior design-its functional layout, interior finishes, and
furnishings. These are features which require very careful consideration in
the design process.
At Headquarters Air Mobility Command, we have established the
AMC Design Center as a center of excellence in facility design. The
multi-disciplinary staff includes highly qualified professionals in all
aspects of design-their mission is to help commanders and their
staffs with facility upgrade programs which will significantly improve
our mission capability and quality of life for our people.
“The Air Mobility Team....Responsive Global Reach for America...Every Day!”
i
3. INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................
A. Purpose .............................................................................................................
B. Philosophy .......................................................................................................
C. Design Guide Scope and Use ..................................................................
DESIGN OBJECTIVES .....................................................................................
APPROACH AND EXECUTION ...............................................................
A. Programming .................................................................................................
1. Functional Requirements
2. Understanding the User’s Needs
B. Concept Development ...............................................................................
1. Physical and Behavioral Requirements
2. Space Planning
3. Architectural Design
4. Color Concept
5. Material Selection
C. Design Development ...................................................................................
1. Design Narrative
2. Design Illustration
3. Color and Material Selection
4. Furnishings Selection
D. Concept Presentation .................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ii
1
1
1
1
A. Function ...........................
B. Cost Effectiveness .........
C. Durability ..........................
D. Maintainability ...............
E. Compatibility ...................
Design ....................................
Creativity .............................
Flexibility .............................
Timelessness ........................
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
10
10
F.
G.
H.
I.
4. TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.’D)
E. Design Execution .............................................................................. 11
1. Statement of Work
2. Architectural Floor Plan
3. Finish Schedule and Color Legend
4. Finish Floor Plan
5. Elevations, Sections, and Details
6. Miscellaneous Drawings
7. Furniture Floor Plan
8. Installation Plans
9. Furnishings Specifications
10. Furnishings Cost Estimates
11. Furnishings Order Form
FUNCTIONAL CRITERIA .................................................................. 13
A. Residential ......................................................................................... 14
B. Hospitality/Lodging ........................................................................ 15
C. Food Service ...................................................................................... 16
D. Office/Administrative .................................................................... 17
E. Maintenance/Warehouse .............................................................. 18
F. Recreation .......................................................................................... 19
G. Medical ................................................................................................ 20
H. Educational ........................................................................................ 21
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ...................................................... 23
SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................ 28
APPENDIX ................................................................................................. 30
Abbreviations ....................................................................................... 30
Sample Cost Estimates ..................................................................... 31
General References ........................................................................... 32
iii
5. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
The structural, electrical, and mechanical systems enhance the architecture and interior design features and vice versa.
6. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
A.PURPOSE
This guide provides commanders with the Air Mobility
Command (AMC) approach to interior design. Use it to
educate and assist base designers, AMC design agents, and
architectural/engineering firms working on all AMC interior
renovation and new construction projects.
B.PHILOSOPHY
Quality interior design for AMC reflects “understated
excellence” and assures that our facilities are attractive,
environmentally safe, operationally efficient, and
maintainable. The interior designer must strive for sound
economical, functional, and aesthetic design achievements.
Well-designed facilities satisfy the user’s needs, instill pride of
ownership, and promote productivity in the workplace.
C.DESIGN GUIDE SCOPE AND USE
It is AMC’s goal to design facility interiors that meet or exceed
the user’s expectations for attractive, functional facilities. The
Design Objectives section is intended to provide a clear
understanding of this goal to all members of the design team—
from the commander to the interior designer and the user.
This guide also includes criteria for providing structural and
comprehensive interior designs for AMC facilities:
• Structural Interior Design (SID) – This process involves
the selection and coordination of interior materials and
finishes that are part of the building or are built-in items
(i.e., cabinets, equipment, etc.).
• Comprehensive Interior Design (CID) – This process
involves designing, selecting, and developing interior
building materials, finishes, special effects, and furnishings
for an integrated visual design theme (architectural and
interior design). CID requirements, therefore, include
structural interior design items and graphics. Furnishings
include furniture, artwork, interior plants, trash receptacles,
water fountains, chalk and tack boards, signs, entry
directories, window coverings and other similar items.
The designer must work systematically as outlined in the
Approach and Execution section. This will help drive the
design to be more efficient, functional and satisfying to the
customer. The general design requirements outlined throughout
this guide are based on broad functional categories. Refer to
individual AMC facility standards guides listed in the General
References for more specific information by facility type.
This guide illustrates what is required for interior design
project submittals, including format and content. In addition
to listing AMC facility guides, the General References
includes some applicable codes, policies, and references that
can be of assistance for facility designs. ■
INTRODUCTION
Limited floor area and the need for communication between workers may require
the use of shared workspaces.
1
7. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Structural elements can create a focal point in traffic areas.
A well-designed space provides a feeling of warmth and comfort.
2
8. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Integrate engineering, architectural, and interior design
considerations to create a “seamless” interior. The structural,
electrical, and mechanical systems enhance the architectural
and interior design features and vice versa. The goal is to create
a fully integrated environment where the occupant loses sight of
“how” and “why” the facility works and simply enjoys being
there.
A. FUNCTION
Functional interior design ensures that each aspect of the
interior environment performs efficiently for the user. A good
working relationship between the user and designer will help
accomplish this goal. Each facility type presents unique
functional requirements that will ultimately affect the
selection of finish materials and furnishings. It is important for
the designer to investigate all aspects of these requirements
through the user.
B. COST EFFECTIVENESS
All interior selections must reflect the “best buy” for the
Air Force in terms of aesthetic value and life-cycle costs.
Inexpensive, short-term solutions do not necessarily produce
cost savings over time.
C. DURABILITY
Durable designs and finishes help facilities pass the “test of
time.” The designer must be concerned with material
durability and wear as well as cost. Select quality materials and
products appropriate to the function and level of use. Extra
consideration must be given to products specified in heavy-use
areas and specific functional areas.
D. MAINTAINABILITY
The use of easily maintained finishes is critical. While certain
finishes may provide excellent durability, the designer must
give serious consideration to maintenance and the effort
required to maintain the appeal of certain products. It is
critical to be familiar with finishes that wear well with low
maintenance requirements.
E. COMPATIBILITY
The designer must be familiar with the base’s architectural and
environmental compatibility plans to achieve a unified sense of
scale, tradition, and compatibility. The design team needs to
understand that occasionally conditions exist which may limit
the ability to meet the compatibility standards, especially when
dealing with historic buildings.
F. DESIGN
Facilities must meet as many “human” needs at as many levels
as possible, especially the need to feel good about one’s
surroundings. Work and living environments are increasingly
within the control of those who design and build them. In the
work place, the design team’s responsibility is to provide a
facility which fosters productivity and job satisfaction. Well-
designed interiors can provide an environment that contributes
to achievement at work and enhances pleasure and relaxation
in recreational facilities.
G. CREATIVITY
Budget constraints place increased importance on design
creativity. Proper planning and research of innovative design
features will help the designer provide quality facility interiors
within restricted budgets.
H. FLEXIBILITY
Flexible designs are essential to meet the dynamic requirements
of the AMC mission. While the primary function of each
facility must be the priority, the designer must keep in mind
that functions evolve, and facilities may require future
modifications. Flexibility within building systems will reduce
the amount of time and money required for future alterations.
Rapid technological advancements often demand upgraded
equipment, power, and communication requirements. These
advancements in technology should enhance, rather than
outpace, the usefulness of AMC facilities.
I. TIMELESSNESS
A sense of timelessness in AMC facility design will extend the
life and usefulness of design projects. Structural expression,
suitability of materials, harmonious visual and tactile features,
and classic furnishings will always remain the foundation of
good design. The selection of trendy or dated finishes or
design features is contrary to AMC design philosophy. Interiors
should be creative but not extreme, reflect quality but not
opulence, and be capable of being updated without requiring
major changes to materials, spaces, or functions. ■
DESIGN OBJECTIVES
3
10. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
A professional interior designer, qualified by education,
experience and often state registration, is concerned with
space planning and the selection of materials and furnishings
to fulfill the functional requirements of interior spaces. AMC
expects architectural and engineering firms, the Naval
Facilities Engineering Command, and the Army Corps of
Engineers to use qualified professional interior designers. AMC
encourages its wing commanders to establish an interior design
position in the base engineer staff to provide design and
review expertise. The designer must follow these steps to
ensure a well-planned interior:
Programming - Meet with the user, gather information,
understand the requirements, and identify special needs.
Concept Development - Perform space planning, architectural
design, and material selection; and identify desired atmosphere
and color themes, such as warm/cool. neutral/pastel,etc.
Design Development - Formalize the design concept into a
presentation.
Concept Presentation - Educate the users and gain their
approval through a formal presentation.
Design Execution - Prepare contract documents,
specifications, and working drawings.
A. PROGRAMMING
To meet a facility’s functional requirements, the designer must
define the facility function and understand the user’s needs.
The designer accomplishes this by using communication skills,
technical knowledge, and artistic talent.
1. Functional Requirements - AMC facilities can be divided
into several major groups, including residential,
hospitality/lodging, food service, office/administrative,
maintenance/warehouse, recreation, medical, and educational.
Each facility has requirements specific to its function and
mission. The designer must identify and understand these
requirements and translate them into a design.
2. Understanding the User’s Needs - The designer must visit
the project site, get to know the user, and gather data about
the function, occupancy, and the user’s expectations. This can
be accomplished through meetings, surveys, and research.
a. Meetings - These include, but are not limited to,
conferences held for predesign, presentation of concept,
and review of various stages of project development.
b. Surveys - These can be performed by face-to-face
interviews or written questionnaires. Surveys are an
efficient way of gathering information concerning:
◆ Expected occupancy
◆ Types of duties or operations involved
◆ Individual space and equipment requirements
◆ Shared or common space and equipment requirements
◆ Interrelationships of people and functions within
the facility space
◆ Special equipment requirements and locations
◆ Future requirements
◆ Unusual circumstances affecting the design
c. Research - The interior designer must follow all
applicable Air Force instructions, policies, and pamphlets,
as well as building, fire, and safety codes and regulations.
The design team must investigate new product
development, as well as availability and reliability of
existing products and sources. A check of the user’s
satisfaction in similar facilities may help in making
critical design decisions.
B. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
As the user’s requirements become clear, the interior
designer begins to formulate solutions for the design. In the
concept development phase, those ideas begin to take form
through:
1. Space Planning - What happens within a space determines
the perception and experience that the user will encounter.
Some important considerations for space planning include:
a. Personal space - Provide for the personalization of each
user’s space for display of personal items within limits.
Provide individual lighting whenever possible.
b. Functional relationships - Take into account the
different groups of people and their working relationships.
c. Adjacency priorities - Identify and prioritize which
employee groups need to be located adjacent to each other.
APPROACH AND EXECUTION
5
11. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
d. People relationships - Identify the relationships and
interactions of individuals within a group.
e. Status and function - Identify special requirements for
circulation, public/private space separation, VIP areas,
informal gathering spaces (coffee bars, break rooms, and
shared equipment space), and storage (filing, coats,
supplies, etc.). The occupant’s rank or position will
influence the square footage and selection of materials.
f. Equipment usage - Identify all equipment and its users
within each facility or each area of the facility.
g. Efficient use of space - Maximize the use of all spaces
for their functions.
h. Flexibility within the space - Recognize that future
modifications and function changes may require
adjustments within a space to accommodate staff size
changes and new technology.
i. Aesthetics and comfort - Create an atmosphere that
increases human comfort and efficiency (i.e., ergonomics)
in a pleasing way.
2. Architectural Design
a. Codes and regulations - Life safety and fire codes and
regulations must be followed in all designs.
◆ Identify all applicable codes early in a project to
minimize the need for reselections or rework.
◆ Be aware that codes apply to furnishings as well as
finishes.
◆ Ensure that all designs meet Uniform Federal
Accessibility Codes and comply with the Americans
with Disabilities Act.
b. Location influences - There may be site specific factors
which influence design solutions. It is the designer’s
responsibility to identify which factors need consideration
and determine the best method of addressing each. These
include, but are not limited to:
◆ Architectural compatibility with existing facilities - The
local parameters determining a facility’s exterior features
will affect the size and type of windows, the ceiling
heights, and to an extent, the materials carried into
lobbies, foyers, and other internal spaces. The designer
must work with the project architect to ensure the
complete coordination of interior and exterior designs for
the best interest of the user and the function of the space.
◆ Historical preservation requirements - The National
Historic Preservation Act requires federal agencies to
consult with the State Historic Preservation Officer and
the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation reguarding
proposed changes to properties listed on or eligible for
listing on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Secretary of the Interior Standards for the
Treatment of Historic Properties provides guidelines
for making sure that selections do not compromise a
facility’s historic integrity.
◆ Cultural beliefs and customs - Many nationalities and
religious groups attach significance to certain colors,
patterns, and materials. Some are considered sacred, good
influences, and prestigious, while others are considered
taboo. For instance, most Western cultures consider black
the color of mourning. Eastern/Oriental cultures associate
white with mourning. Some Middle Eastern groups wear
Provide for personalization of individual work areas.
Some facilities may require multiuse spaces.
6
12. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
head coverings of patterns significant to their nationality or
religion. Irish and Scottish family heritage is linked to
certain colors and patterns of plaid. The designer must
investigate any customs or cultural influences that might
become protocol issues.
◆ Current mission - Often the mission of the user dictates
certain design features. For example, sometimes windows
are downsized or even eliminated. In these cases,
designers need to emphasize other architectural elements
and finishes to ensure a pleasant atmosphere for the
users.
◆ Availability of materials and resources - Some materials
are not readily available nor economically shipped to all
locations. When designing a project for remote locations,
consider cost and availability before specifying a product.
◆ Special climatic and/or maintenance problems -
Sometimes the designer must take into account local
climatic conditions when selecting materials and
finishes. Special maintenance requirements must be
identified when the following factors exist:
• Heavy snow or rain
• Very arid or humid climates
• Unusual soil conditions and sand
• High level of sun exposure
◆ Noise levels - Proper acoustical design depends on a
careful ratio of reflective to absorptive surfaces so that
excessive reverberation and disturbing sound intensity
levels can be eliminated. The type of noise disturbance
and function of the space will determine the adequate
level of sound control.
◆ Security requirements - The user must provide any
special security requirements that need to be included in
the project. The user must validate and provide
information from the appropriate agency, for example
the Security Police, before design begins. When dealing
with facilities that have special security needs, security
clearances might have to be obtained.
c. Light - Light and its effects on the environment are
critical to the interior design of a space. The quality and
placement of light sources are as important as light level in
obtaining the functional and the aesthetic intent of the
spatial design. Be aware of how the light source affects
space perception, finishes, colors, and textures when
making design decisions. The function of the room or
facility will influence the system type and amount of
lighting required.
Numerous studies have shown that natural light positively affects
both physical and mental health. In the work environment,
people tend to have more job satisfaction if they have some
contact with natural light through windows, skylights, and
atriums. The designer must work with the project architect
and the user to provide natural lighting in the most
functional, cost-effective manner. The interior designer
must be involved in the selection of artificial light fixtures
and sources to ensure:
◆ Functional compatibility
◆ Aesthetic compatibility
◆ Elimination of glare and color washout
◆ Assurance of color integrity of finish materials
◆ Flexibility in light control
◆ Adequate supplemental light for maintenance where
required
◆ Proper lamping (bulbs) per fixture based on life cycle
cost and replacement lamp availability
◆ Compliance with life safety codes
d. Proportion - Room dimensions should be appropriate for
the function. This is easier to accomplish in new facilities,
although many things can be done in renovation projects
to change the perceived size of a room or space without
actually changing its dimensions. Some of these are
discussed in the Color Concept section. The designer
must create a balance between a space and the furnishings
within it. The scale and mass of items placed within a space
greatly affect how that space is perceived. An interior
should be comfortable for the user without feeling crowded
or underfurnished.
Some security requirements can be easily incorporated in a design.
7
13. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Furnishings within a space must also relate to each other in
a harmonious manner providing focus and balance for the
viewer.
3. Physical and Behavioral Requirements - Human comfort
and well-being are priority considerations. The minimum
physical environmental requirements include appropriate levels
of lighting, temperature, humidity, and background noise. Some
individual control of these levels is desirable. As with all aspects
of design, the function of the space will determine the desirable
amount of the user’s control, depending on individual or group
differences, the activities involved, and time spent within the
space. The designer must address the behavioral needs of the
occupants, including safety and security, privacy, personal space,
and visual/directional orientation.
4. Color Concept - Color preference is very personal, and
individual interpretation of color varies widely. However, the
true properties of color are constant. The designer must have
knowledge of these properties and their relationship to the
functional, spatial, and lighting aspects throughout the space.
The designer and the user must separate personal taste from
professional design. The following general guidance directs
attention to special areas of consideration when selecting
color schemes for AMC facilities.
a. Provide timeless color coordination that will be
attractive to the majority of people.
◆ Use neutral colors for permanent background finishes
(e.g., architectural materials—ceramic tiles, stone,
bathroom fixtures, panel fabrics etc.) to support a variety
of color schemes.
◆ Vary the intensity of color and create patterns to provide
visual relief from the monotony of neutral colors.
◆ Use accent colors for finishes that are subject to periodic
change (carpets, wallcoverings, upholstery, etc.), and to
create interest in focal points.
◆ Use pattern and texture to enhance visual interest.
◆ Provide small amounts of intense colors in graphics,
borders, accessories, and artwork for visual stimulation.
b. Use color to enhance the spatial qualities of an area.
◆ Use warm colors to make a room seem smaller, more
“human” in scale; warm colors appear to advance toward
the viewer.
◆ Use cool colors to make a room seem larger, and more
spacious; cool colors appear to recede from the viewer.
c. Change the perception of a room’s size without construction
by varying the placement of horizontal color breaks.
◆ When the ceiling is low, avoid drawing attention to the
ceiling line where it meets the wall. Do not use borders or
sharply contrasting colors.
◆ A chair rail will draw the viewer’s eye horizontally around
a space to make it appear wider.
d. Use fewer color breaks to make a room seem larger.
◆ Paint doors and frames to match the walls in small rooms.
◆ Avoid accent walls; keep wainscot and wall colors similar.
◆ Make walls a similar color to floor coverings.
e. Use patterns and textures to stimulate interest and tie
color schemes together.
◆ Select solids and small patterns that coordinate with a
larger pattern.
◆ Consider the size of an item when deciding whether it
should have a pattern and the size of the pattern to use.
◆ Vary the surface texture to add visual appeal in a one-
color scheme, especially when the introduction of a new
color is not desirable. Textures affect the way an object
reflects light: smooth, shiny surfaces reflect more light
than rough dull surfaces. Also important is the facility
users’ reaction to textures: glossy surfaces are perceived
as cold, while softer, matte finishes are distinguished as
warm.
Drapery can camouflage functional elements when not in use.
8
14. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
5. Material Selection - AMC encourages innovative and
creative use of finishes and furnishings. New products are always
being introduced on the market and often offer increased
performance and aesthetics to the product line. Continuing
education in product knowledge and research into product
development are essential when making finish and furnishing
selections. When making selections the designer should
consider:
a. Durability - The function of the space will determine
the degree of durability required. The aesthetics and how the
finish/material relate to the other design elements must also
be considered, as well as cost justification.
b. Maintenance - The use of easily maintained finishes is
critical. While certain finishes may provide excellent
durability, the designer also must give serious consideration
to maintenance requirements. The maintenance plans of
many facilities are minimal, so finishes that wear well and
are lower in maintenance requirements perform best.
Establishing a maintenance schedule is the user’s
responsibility, but designer input is essential. The designer
can assist by:
◆ Supplying manufacturer suggested maintenance
information
◆ Emphasizing the importance of a regular maintenance
schedule
◆ Indicating special products required for the maintenance
program
c. Life cycle cost and appeal - The designer must consider
product performance and longevity of appeal, as well as
initial cost when making selections. If the appeal of a
surface or furniture item degrades, the user will want to
replace it prematurely. A product that keeps its appearance
and shape longer may be a better choice over time.
d. Product quality and performance - Numerous studies
show that quality does not necessarily have to cost more.
Quality products perform better and wear longer. Usually
these products are backed by manufacturers’ warranties to
assure the customer’s continued satisfaction after
installation is complete.
e. Environmental factors - Designers today must consider
the effects their selections have on the environment over
time.
◆ Consider products that are made from recycled materials,
or are easily recycled.
Use patterns and textures to stimulate interest and tie color schemes together.
The use of durable and easily maintained finishes and furnishings extend the
appeal of a design.
Consider the use of flooring made from recycled products.
9
15. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
• Carpets made from recycled plastics
• Walk-off mats made from old tires
◆ Avoid the use of finishes, adhesives, or furnishings that
emit toxic fumes or pollutants during installation and
curing.
◆ Specify durable items that require less frequent
replacement.
• Loop pile carpet tile vs. cut pile broadloom in office
areas or heavy traffic areas.
◆ Specify easily cleaned materials that do not require
special chemicals or cleaning solutions.
• Latex vs. oil-based paints
C.DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
At this point in the process, the interior designer should have a
clear picture of the design intent. Through the design
development process, the designer must complete the following:
1. Design Narrative - Write an explanation to help the user
understand the design and selections that have been made.
2. Design Illustration - Provide floor plans, elevations,
perspectives, and detail drawings.
3. Color Schemes and Material - Provide finish boards or
books to illustrate the color scheme.
4. Furnishings Selection - Provide furniture and accessory
boards or books to illustrate the color concept.
D. CONCEPT PRESENTATION
The user’s satisfaction is an important goal, in addition to the
longevity of the design. Educate the user to appreciate the
long-term value of quality design.Explain the design
development process and the designer’s role to the user. The
user needs to understand his/her involvement and the impact
on the final product.
Through the use of visual presentation materials, including
renderings, floor plans, perspectives, finish and furniture
boards, the user should gain a clear understanding of the
design.
Some elements of a concept presentation
Example of a color rendering
10
16. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
The design narrative explains the presentation materials to the
user and communicates the basis for design decisions.
The designer may have to develop creative alternatives to
meet specific customer needs or desires, with high-quality,
timeless design as the goal for all team members.
E. DESIGN EXECUTION
The completed design package must clearly convey the design
intent. The contract documents provide the information
necessary to implement the design. These documents include:
1. Statement of Work (SOW) - A brief but thorough
description of the work to be performed by the contractor. The
SOW is used by the contracting agent to synopsize the project
in the bid advertisement.
2. Architectural Floor Plan - Demolition plans, new floor
plans, and reflected ceiling plans.
3. Finish Schedule and Color Legend - The matrix indicating
which finishes are used on specific interior surfaces, and the
list identifying each finish by pattern, color, number, brand
and manufacturer.
4. Finish Floor Plan - A drawing typically used to clarify the
placement of patterns, borders, or combinations of floor finishes
in an area.
5. Elevations, Sections, and Details - Drawings used to
further clarify a design feature. Elevations are drawings which
typically illustrate placement of wallcovering as well as height
of chair rails, bumper guards, plumbing fixtures, and other
design features permanently attached to the walls. Sections
and details generally illustrate how a particular feature is
constructed or attached to another surface or feature, and of
what generic materials it is made.
6. Miscellaneous Drawings - Electrical layouts, enlarged floor
plans of rest rooms and repetitive areas (e.g., dorm rooms),
and construction drawings for built-in cabinetry, etc.
7. Furniture Floor Plan - Scaled layouts showing placement
of existing and new furniture and equipment. Separate
drawings may be required for conventional furniture (modular
or “freestanding” items) and systems furniture (panel mounted
workstations, generally prewired). These drawings provide
references for changes or decisions required during project
construction.
8. Installation Plans - Drawings indicating the placement of
systems furniture panels, electrical connections and power
layouts, and components. Installation plans and/or elevations
may also be required for artwork and signs.
9. Furnishings Specifications - Technical product
information, including as necessary item name, size, color,
fabric or finish, fire rating, brand and manufacturer, source,
quantity, photo or catalog cut, and cost.
10. Furnishings Cost Estimates - Line item extensions of
item costs may need to be separated by item category or by
room or area for phased purchasing.
11. Furnishings Order Forms - The actual forms required by
the user to order the items. ■
Furniture floor plan
11
18. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
All AMC buildings are categorized as either permanent or
temporary. Permanent facilities are generally masonry or steel
frame construction, built for a specific purpose and intended to
require minimum maintenance.
Temporary facilities are wood frame with little or no masonry,
and are often relocatable and are intended to fill a short-term
need of five years or less without regard to degree of
maintenance. These temporary structures are often much older
than their original intended use, and may have restrictions
governing the type and amount of renovation and alteration
that can be performed This presents a challenge for designers
regarding quality standards and budget limitations.
AMC facilities also are divided into several facility types
including:
◆ Residential ◆Maintenance/Warehouse
◆ Hospitality/Lodging ◆Recreation
◆ Food Service ◆Medical
◆ Office/Administrative ◆Educational
The main factors that affect finish material selection and
application include foot traffic; presence of food, beverages,
chemicals, grease or other potential soilage; the type of
activity that occurs; and the level of quality required.
The following paragraphs and charts illustrate the types of
selections that would be appropriate in the various facilities.
Use these as generic guidelines for product selections. Each
project may have considerations that require alternate
choices. The designer must research these with the user early
in the project.
Some facilities do not fit easily into only one category: child
development centers, fire stations, chapels, passenger terminals,
and flight line facilities are examples of multifunctional
facilities. In these cases, the designer must use judgment in
determining the proper blend of interior finishes and
furnishings. Examination of several categories may be necessary
to compile the requirements for projects in one of these
facilities. Heavy-use areas include wet areas (i.e., kitchens,
toilets, etc.), high-traffic areas, and areas requiring maximum
product durability. Medium-use areas are used every day, but
not by large numbers of people. Generally they are not wet
areas, nor do they experience extreme wear-and-tear. Light-use
areas are those which experience low traffic or may not be used
on a daily basis and will not subject finish materials to extreme
use or wear.
FUNCTIONAL CRITERIA
Heavy-use and high-traffic areas should be attractively designed using materials that provide maximum durability.
13
19. A. RESIDENTIAL
Residential facilities are family housing and unaccompanied
personnel housing (dormitories). While the overall wear of
finishes is reduced in family housing units, they still contain
areas fitting all three categories of use. Heavy-use areas include
entrance foyers, kitchens, bathrooms, stairwells, and laundry
areas. Corridors, hallways, dayrooms, family living and dining
rooms would be considered medium-use areas. Bedrooms
would be light-use areas. Refer to the AMC Housing Guide,
the Commander’s Guide to Dormitory Excellence, and the
Commander’s Guide to Family Housing Excellence for more
details. See Table A below **
INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR* D FH D FH D FH
CT, QT CT, SV CPT CPT CPT CPT
VCT, Level loop Level loop or Cut pile or Cut pile
Cut pile, WD Cut and loop WD
BASE CT, RB CT, VB RB, VB RB, VB RB, VB RB, VB
VB WD WD WD WD WD
WALLS CT, EPT, VWC Type II HDFWC, EPT, PT,WP, PT, VWC, PT
PL PT PT, VWC Type II VWC VWC WP
CHAIR RAIL MP, PL, WD WD, VB, WD WD, VB, WD
WD RB RB
CEILING ACT, GB GB ACT, GB GB GB
WRG GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Incandescent Fluorescent Incandescent Incandescent Incandescent
Incandescent Fluorescent Incandescent
WINDOW COVERINGS* Vertical blinds Shades Vertical blinds Shades Vertical blinds Shades
Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds
Lined draperies Lined draperies Lined draperies Black-out draperies Lined draperies
Sheers Sheers Lined draperies Sheers
FURNITURE Commercial NA Commercial NA Commercial NA
grade grade grade
UPHOLSTERY Vinyl and/or NA Vinyl and/or NA Fabric NA
fabric fabric 10,000 +
50,000 + 20,000 + double rubs
double rubs double rubs
* Carpet and draperies are provided by the government in some family housing. (D) - Dormitory (FH) - Family Housing
** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.
14
Table A: Residential Product Selection Guide.
20. B. HOSPITALITY/LODGING
The hospitality/lodging category includes transient lodging
facilities of all types: quarters for visiting personnel, as well
as temporary living facilities for families arriving at or leaving
a base. Heavy-use areas include registration desks and lobbies,
entrance foyers, stairwells, elevators, and corridors. Also
included are wet areas such as laundry rooms, snack rooms, and
rest rooms. Medium-use areas include management and
administrative offices. Bedrooms are light-use areas.
Refer to HQ AMC Services Guide to Excellent Facilities for
more detail. See Table B below. ****
INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR VCT, CT, CPT CPT
CPT/Level loop
BASE QT, CT, RB, VB RB, VB, WD RB, VB, WD
WALLS BR**, VWC, Type II VWC, Type I, VWC, PT,
PL, CT,EPT, PT FWC
PT, HDFWC
CHAIR RAIL MP, PL, WD Not Normally Used Not Normally Used
CEILING ACT, GB, WRG ACT, GB GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Incandescent
Incandescent
WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Mini blinds
Mini blinds Mini blinds Black-out draperies
Lined draperies Lined draperies
FURNITURE Commercial grade*** Commercial grade Commercial grade
UPHOLSTERY Vinyl or fabric rated Fabric rated 20,000 + Fabric rated 10,000 +
50,000 + double rubs double rubs double rubs
* Corridors in hospitality/lodging facilities must be carpeted.
** Brick should be used only when building materials are extended to the interior or exist
as a condition that works within the design.
*** Use hard surface transaction counters and kick plates on all lobby and
registration desks.
**** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.
15
Table B: Hospitality/Lodging Product Selection Guide.
21. C. FOOD SERVICE
Food service facilities include dining halls, flight kitchens,
open mess facilities (officers’ and enlisted clubs), snack bars,
and cafeterias. Most areas in these facilities can be considered
heavy-use because they are subject to high traffic and frequent
food and beverage spills. Management and administrative
areas would be medium-use. Special/private dining areas might
be considered light-use. See Table C below. ***
INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR QT, CT, VCT, CPT* VCT, Level loop CPT Cut Pile CPT
BASE QT, CT, RB, VB WD
RB, VB
WALLS CT, VWC Type II VWC Type I, PT VWC, PT
or III, EPT, PL, PT,
CHAIR RAIL MP, PL, WD Not normally used WD
CEILING GB, WRG, PLAS** ACT, GB GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Incandescent
Incandescent Incandescent
WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Lined draperies
Mini blinds Mini blinds Sheers
Lined draperies Shades
FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade
UPHOLSTERY Vinyl or fabric rated Fabric rated 20,000 + Fabric rated 10,000 +
50,000 + double rubs double rubs double rubs
* Carpet is required in the seating areas of dining halls, Officers’, NCO, and Airmen’s clubs. It also is
desirable in seating areas of some other food service facilities such as golf course clubhouses
and large cafeterias in administrative facilities.
** Some food service facilities have wood, metal or other structural materials used for
decorative effect. Another option would be exposed structural/mechanical elements
blended in the overall design scheme.
*** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.
16
Table C: Food Service Product Selection Guide.
22. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR QT, CT, CPT* CPT/Level loop CPT/Cut pile or
Level loop Level loop
BASE QT, CT, RB, VB, WD RB, VB, WD RB, VB, WD
WALLS CT, HDFWC, PL, HDFWC, PT, FWC, VWC, PT,
EPT, PT, VWC VWC Type II WD**
Type II & III
CHAIR RAIL MP, WD MP, WD WD
CEILING ACT, WRG ACT ACT, GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent
Incandescent Incandescent Incandescent
WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds
Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds
Lined draperies Lined draperies Lined draperies
FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial with
some residential
grade pieces
UPHOLSTERY Vinyl or fabric rated Fabric rated 20,000 + Leather or fabric rated
50,000 + double rubs double rubs 10,000 + double rubs
* Carpet is required for all corridors and stairwell landings that are not directly accessed
from a loading dock or delivery area, as well as conference and meeting rooms. It is also
desirable in seating areas of large cafeterias.
** Wood is only recommended as a wainscot. When used, it must be treated to have a
Class A fire rating. Wood-look pressboard paneling is unacceptable.
*** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.
D. OFFICE/ADMINISTRATIVE
Office/administrative facilities generally have the highest
concentration of occupants. These areas vary from private
offices, to open-bay work spaces filled with conventional and
modular furniture, to large systems furniture (pre-wired)
installations. Most administrative facilities will contain some
combination of the three types depending on the functions
performed by the occupants, as well as physical constraints of
the facilities. Heavy-use areas in an office environment include
entrances, foyers, lobbies, main circulation corridors, stairwells,
elevators, rest rooms, large conference or meeting rooms, snack
bars, and media production areas. Medium-use areas include
internal circulation, staff office areas, and small conference
rooms. Commanders’ suites and private conference areas are
light-use areas. See Table D below. ***
Table D: Office/Administrative Product Selection Guide.
17
23. E. MAINTENANCE/WAREHOUSE
Maintenance/warehouse facilities include all functional areas
in which vehicles or heavy equipment are operated;
chemicals are used; there is exposure to weather, product dust
and dirt; and bulk items are stored. Most areas within these
facilities would fall under the heavy-use heading since the
finishes are constantly subjected to traffic, cleaning,
abrasion, weather, or other deterrents to durability. Some of
these facilities house administrative areas which could be
considered medium-use areas if there are transition areas
separating them from direct access to the heavy-use areas. If
a commander’s suite is included in the facility, it could be
listed as light-use, again only if there is separation from the
high-use areas. See Table E below. **
INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR QT, CT, VCT, CPT/ CPT/Cut pile
CONC Level loop
BASE CT, QT, RB, VB RB, VB VB, WD
WALLS PT PT, VWC VWC, HDFWC
CHAIR RAIL NA MP WD
CEILING WRG, EXP ACT ACT, GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent
HID Incandescent
WINDOW COVERINGS Mini blinds* Vertical blinds Vertical blinds
Mini blinds Mini blinds
Lined draperies
FURNITURE NA Commercial Commercial with
grade some residential
grade pieces
UPHOLSTERY NA Vinyl or fabric Leather or fabric rated
25,000 + double rubs 15,000 + double rubs
* Most areas have no window covering.
** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.
Table E: Maintenance/Warehouse Product Selection Guide
18
24. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
F. RECREATION
Recreation facilities encompass the most diverse functions of
all the categories. They include gymnasiums, fitness centers,
golf course clubhouses, bowling, youth and community
centers, skating rinks, libraries, and theaters. These facilities
contain mostly high-use areas because of their high volume of
customers. Facilities such as fitness centers have constant
traffic throughout the day, while facilities such as theaters
have a high concentration in a short period. Golf course
clubhouses and bowling centers contain food services. Bowling
and fitness centers, and skating rinks require special finishes
and attention to acoustical control. See Table F below. **
* Woven cut pile carpet may be used in some areas
of theaters, bowling centers, and golf clubhouses.
** See Appendix for abbreviations legend.
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR CPT/Level loop* CPT/Level loop* CPT/Level loop*
VCT, WD, CT, QT
BASE CT, QT, RB, VB CT, QT, RB, VB RB,VB
WALLS HDFWC, AWC, HDFWC, AWC, HDFWC, AWC,
VWC Type II, PT VWC Type II, PT VWC Type II, PT
CHAIR RAIL MP, WD MP, WD WD
CEILING EXP, ACT, WRG EXP, ACT, WRG ACT, GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent
Incandescent, HID Incandescent, HID Incandescent, HID
WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds
Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds
Lined draperies Lined draperies
FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade
UPHOLSTERY Vinyl, MP or fabric Vinyl or fabric Vinyl or fabric
rated 50,000 + rated 50,0000 + rated 50,000 +
double rubs double rubs double rubs
Table F: Recreation Product Selection Guide.
19
25. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
G. MEDICAL
Medical facilities include medical centers. hospitals, clinics,
and pharmacies. Many areas within these facilities are heavy-
use due to high volume traffic, wet areas, and chemicals.
Patient waiting areas, administrative and doctors’ offices, and
selected corridors are medium-use where acoustic control is
desirable. Light-use areas include commanders’ suites and
conference rooms. Refer to HQ AMC Medical Facilities
Design Guide for more detail. See Table G below. **
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR* VCT, SV, CT, QT CPT/Level loop, VCT CPT/Level loop
CPT/Cut pile, VCT
BASE RB, VB, CT, QT VB, RB, WD VB, RB, WD
WALLS PT, VWC Type II VWC Type II, AWC, VWC Type I, AWC,
HDFWC HDFWC, FWC
CHAIR RAIL *** MP MP WD, PL
CEILING ACT, GB, WRG, EXP ACT, GB ACT, GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent
HID Incandescent Incandescent
WINDOW COVERINGS* Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds
Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds
Lined draperies Lined draperies
FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade
with some residential
grade pieces
UPHOLSTERY* Vinyl, breathable mesh Vinyl, fabric Leather, fabric
rated 50,000 + rated 20,000 +
double rubs double rubs
Table G: Medical Product Selection Guide.
20
* Special materials are available for health care use such as antimicrobial
flooring and carpet, cubicle curtains, and vinylized fabric.
** See Appendix for abbreviations legend
*** Including Handrail, Protective Trim etc
26. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
H. EDUCATIONAL
Educational facilities include grade and high schools for
dependent children, specialized training facilities (such as
simulators), professional and technical classrooms, and centers
for college extension program. Heavy-use areas in educational
facilities include entrances foyers, snack bar and cafeteria
service areas, rest rooms, fitness areas, simulator rooms and
technical classrooms. Administrative offices, conference and
briefing rooms, most other classrooms, and corridors would fall
in the medium-use category. Principals’ offices and commanders’
suites would be light-use. See Table H below.*
* See Appendix for abbreviations legend.
Materials Heavy Medium Light
FLOOR CT, QT, VCT, SV CPT/Level loop CPT/Level loop
CPT/Cut pile
BASE CT, QT, RB, VB RB, VB RB, VB, WB
WALLS EXP, VWC Type II, PT, VWC Type II PT, VWC Type II
EPT, PT
CHAIR RAIL MP MP, WD MP, WD
CEILING EXP, ACT ACT ACT,GB
LIGHTING Fluorescent Fluorescent Fluorescent
HID Incandescent Incandescent
WINDOW COVERINGS Vertical blinds Vertical blinds Vertical blinds
Mini blinds Mini blinds Mini blinds
Lined draperies Lined draperies
FURNITURE Commercial grade Commercial grade Commercial grade
UPHOLSTERY Vinyl, MP Vinyl, MP, WD Vinyl, MP, WD
fabric rated 25,000 + fabric rated 25,000 +
double rubs double rubs
Table H: Educational Product Selection Guide.
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28. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Maximize the flexibility of conference rooms through the use of adjustable lighting,
multipurpose seating, creative ceiling finishes, acoustical wall treatment, and
multimedia presentation system.
In child development and youth centers, the children’s activities generate so much
color and pattern that the finishes and furniture need to provide a neutral
backdrop.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
Some facilities have elements or features that require special attention. This section provides some design suggestions that may help
the designer address special conditions or achieve special effects.
When renovating, site adaptation may play a big role in creating a successful new
facility. This dining facility design was an adaptation of the facility shown in the
photo on the left.
Innovative ceiling and lighting design, artwork, room dividers, and the use of
wood, plants, and textiles can soften and ease the incorporation of structural
elements into the overall design.
23
29. Systems furniture provides for organization of files and papers, multi-equipment
use, and interoffice communication, while still maintaining personal work areas.
When using systems furniture along window line, use low height partitions.
Avoid using panels over 68” high except to define corridors or conference areas.
Creative use of color and pattern can add interest and dimension to functional
spaces. The AMC standard is to provide different color schemes for men and
women’s rest rooms.
INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
When developing a package for signs, identify all locations that require them, and
specify professional and flexible products to be used.
Warehouse facilities require proper storage fixtures and signs to help maintain
function and appearance.
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30. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Emergency light fixtures are available in various styles that can help maintain the integrity of the design. It is the designer’s responsibility to work with the electrical
engineer to select the most appropriate fixtures for each project.
Specialty borders, moldings, stencils, faux finishes, ceiling tile, and wallcovering patterns can be used to create special effect.
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31. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Architectural molding has many characters and uses. Support elements can be enhanced to work within a design.
The use of architectural molding, elements, and details can enhance the appearance of “ordinary spaces.”
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32. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
Finish and material specifications vary according to the
function of the space and the ambiance desired by the user.
Use the following general guidelines, keeping in mind the
specific requirements of each project.
Do not use exposed concrete block except in utility rooms,
mechanical, electrical, and janitor’s closets/rooms, industrial
areas of maintenance facilities, or large warehouse/storage
areas. Interior walls should be ceramic tile for wet areas or
gypsum board finished with paint or wallcovering for all
other areas. Brick, stone or split face block (with integral
color so it need not be painted) may be used in entrance
foyers, lobbies, and gymnasiums. These architectural finishes
can be used as a feature wall or section of a wall in facilities
such as food service and lodging lobbies.
Use wooden doors for most interior applications. Door and
trim color should be uniform throughout a facility. Avoid
doors with louvers unless they are necessary for ventilation.
Use metal doors in industrial facilities.
Use a 2’ x 2’ suspended acoustical ceiling grid and tiles with a
revealed edge. Most bases have a standard 2’ x 2’ tile pattern
they use for their facilities. The exposed grid system must
match ceiling tile color in most areas. Brass or chrome grid
may be used for special effect. If circumstances force the
selection of a 2’ x 4’ tile, be sure to use one that is scored to
resemble a 2’ x 2’ grid.
For painted ceilings, use ceiling white paint, which is
specially formulated for maximum light reflection. Using a
color on the ceiling is not recommended except for special
effect.
Horizontal color breaks in corridors create undesirable tunnel
effects. Emphasize vertical elements for balance.
Paint fire alarm bells, extinguisher cabinets, electrical
switches, receptacles, coverplates, and similar items to match
walls. Recess fire extinguisher cabinets in walls.
Chair rail height should match the height of side chairs to
be put against it. When chairs are not a factor, chair rail
should be positioned in the range of 32” to 38” above the
finished floor
Wall decor or artwork should be neat, framed, and in good
taste. Avoid suggestive or controversial subjects. Even in
personal spaces signs should not be hand lettered or
stenciled.
Use carpet tile as a floor finish in most administrative areas
and heavy foot-traffic areas. Raised floor systems are often
plastic laminate or other hard surface materials. Use anti-
static carpet tiles in these areas to provide better acoustical
control.
Use broadloom carpet in commanders’ suites, courtrooms,
dayrooms, sleeping rooms and auditoriums. Carpet only the
landings in stairwells. Use rubber or vinyl treads and risers
on steps. Carpets available in 6’ widths will lower the
number of seams required and often lower the installation
costs for corridors and narrow passageways. Anti-static
broadloom carpets are available for use in computer areas
that do not have raised floors.
Carpet appearance and durability depend on technical
specifications. Specify carpets that are solution dyed and
have an anti-microbial finish in medical, lodging and food
service facilities. Carpets made from nylon fibers wear
better and are more resilient than those made from
polyester, acrylic or olefin fibers. Both fiber and yarn
construction affect the luster, dyeability, and crushability of
carpets.
Patterned carpet helps to “mask” soiling in traffic areas. Use
patterned carpet in heavy-use areas, or areas where
maintenance is minimal. In areas where a bold pattern
would be distracting, provide a tweed or mottled pattern
carpet. Use solid color carpets in commanders’ suites,
courtrooms, chapels, and some lodging facilities.
When using vinyl or rubber wall base, choose one neutral
color to use throughout the facility. Use straight base with
carpet, and coved base with hard surface floors. Base
materials used in stairwells must meet Class A fire rating.
Used recessed walk-off mats in vestibules and on the interior
side of doors that open directly to the outside.
The designers must be familiar with items that are available
from government sources, including Federal Prison
Industries (UNICOR), the Federal Supply Schedule (FSS),
General Services Administration (GSA), and understand
which items have mandatory status requirements.■
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33. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
The scope of interior design projects varies considerably
from selections of replacement finishes and furnishings in
existing facilities to full-blown CIDs requiring space
planning, finish and furnishing selections, systems furniture
layouts, installation drawings, architectural drawings, finish
schedules, graphics, specifications, and order forms. The
designer must understand his/her role in the particular project
and negotiate fees for submittal requirements with the
appropriate contracting agent. The following provides some
general guidelines concerning AMC expectations regarding
interior design submittals.
A. CID packages need to be submitted at various stages in the
project design. These are:
1. 10% or Concept Stage
a. Lump sum furniture budgets for:
◆ Systems furniture
◆ Conventional/free-standing furniture, including storage
units
◆ Window coverings, artwork, and accessories
b. Special requirements based on the user’s needs
◆ Special lighting or acoustical control areas
◆ Security requirements
c. Theme/color scheme in general terms (e.g., warm tones,
traditional, nautical, etc.)
2. 30% or Project Definition
a. Design narrative/statement of design objective
b. Verbal description of generic interior finishes by area
c. Workstation and/or office typicals (layouts of proposed
“standard” work areas)
d. Update of prior submittal as required by review
comments
3. 60% Submittals
a. Furniture illustrations
b. Justification for not chosing UNICOR
c. Furnishings plans
d. Color boards (include exterior SID)
e. Example of color rendering style
f. Sketch perspectives
g. Sign samples and types
h. Cost estimates
i. Finish schedule and color legend
j. Update of prior submittals as required by review
comments
4. 90% Submittal
a. Color rendering or 8”x10” color photo of same
b. Completed furnishing order forms
c. Update of prior submittal as required by review
comments
5. 100% Submittal
a. Update of prior submittal as required by review
comments
B. A minimum of four complete packages are required for
CID/SID submittals. Send these to:
1. Contracting agent
2. HQ AMC
3. Base civil engineer
4. Base user agency
HQ AMC and the base will not return their copies. They will
post all updates and keep them for future reviews, procurement,
and matching materials.
C. Format the submittals as follows:
1. Use standard D-ring binders with front and edge pockets for
title sheets. Include the project title, number, base, and
submittal status on each binder; use 8.5” x 11” insert sheets,
with maximum sample module foldout of 25.5” x 33” per side.
Organize the sections with labeled tabs to facilitate an orderly
and fast review.
Organize the samples by area color schemes. Use correspon-
ding room names and numbers to those shown on the
architectural floor plans and finish schedule to identify the
module. All sample labeling should correlate to the finish
schedule and color legend to eliminate confusion. Materials
and finish samples must indicate true pattern, color, and
texture. Interior SID includes materials and finishes, door and
window trim, finish for cabinetry, hardware, toilet partitions,
lockers and any other items requiring the selection of color,
pattern or texture. Provide the exterior finish material
samples in the CID package for reference.
SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS
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34. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
2. When furnishings are included in the CID package, provide
an itemized cost estimate. Include separate totals for systems
furniture and free-standing furniture. Indicate freight costs as
separate line items; add 10 percent contingency to the total
cost. Sample cost estimates by item and total are provided in
the Appendix. ■
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36. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
SAMPLE COST ESTIMATE
Single Item Cost Estimate/Purchase Description Sheet
PROJECT: Consolidated Support Center DATE: March, 1994
ITEM: Lounge Seating LOCATION CODE: C5D-5
SOURCE: Manufacturer: ABC Company
Contractor: ABC Company, 123 Military Road, St. Louis MO 68101
Payment: Same as Contractor Above
GSA CONTRACT NO: GS-00F-5334A EXP: June, 1995
MODEL NO: 3952 WEIGHT: 65 lb.
DESCRIPTION:
W: 40”
D: 34”
H: 28”
Lounge Chairs with All Hardwood Chair Frame, Triple Doweled and Corner Blocked with Roll-Bordered Tight Back and
Arms. Foam and Fiber Padded Construction with Flat Tension Spring Tight Back and Rubber-Webbed Tight Seat. Fiber
Padded Outside.
UPHOLSTERY: Grade J, Country Path, #3009-022 Barn
WARRANTY: 1 year with normal use
ROOM LOCATIONS QTY UNIT PRICE TOTAL
218 5 700 3,500
224 4 700 2,800
31
2,000
62,100
25,000
1,900
91,300
15,800
16,700
6,800
221,600
500
624,000
62,000
686,000
7,000
915,100
91,000
1,006,100
Consolidated Support Center
Total Cost Estimate Summary
Draperies
Private Office Casegoods
Private Office Side Chair
Private Office Desk Chair
Open Office Seating
Open Office Side Chair
Conference Room Tables
Conference Room Seating
Freight not included above:
Systems Furniture
Installation
Freight
Sub-Total:
Sub-Total:
Total:
10% contingency
Grand Total:
37. INTERIOR DESIGN GUIDE
HQ USAF Engineering Technical Letters (ETLs)
HQ USAF Instructions, Manuals and Pamphlets
AMC ETL’s, Instructions, Manuals and Pamphlets
AMC Design Guides and Standards
Standards Published:
Commander’s Guide to Facility Excellence
Commander’s Guide to Dormitory Excellence
Commander’s Guide to Family Housing Excellence
Passenger Terminal Design Guide
Consolidated Squadron Operations/Aircraft Maintenance
Unit Design Guide
Commander’s Base Comprehensive Plan Summary
Architectural Compatibility Guides
Housing Community Plans
AMC Housing Guide
Service Contract Standards
Base Dormitory Construction and Renovation Plans
AMC Consolidated Dormitory Construction and
Renovation Plan
Commander’s Guide for Self-Help Success
Base Legal Facilities Design Guide
Guide to Excellent Services Facilities
Commander’s Guide to Facility Excellence
Landscape Design Guide
Air Force Office of Special investigations Facilities Design
Guide
Aircraft Industrial Support Facilities Design Guide
Flight Line Support Facility Design Guide
Family Support Center Design Guide
Aerospace Ground Equipment Maintenance and Storage
Facilities Design Guide
Centralized Life Support Design Guide
Flightline Security Standards
Airman Leadership School Design Guide
Civil Engineer Squadron Design Guide
Central Deployment Center Design Guide
Chapel Design Guide
Vehicle Operations and Vehicle Maintenance Facilities
Design Guide
Supply Administration and Warehouse Facilities Design
Guide
American Association of Textile Chemists and/ Colorist
(AATCC)
American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI)
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)
Ceiling and Interior Systems Contractor Association (CISCA)
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL)
Uniform Building Code (UBC)
Uniform Federal Accessibility Codes
When specifying furnishings, the designer should keep in
mind that GSA schedules are no longer mandatory; however,
procurement of GSA items is quicker and easier. To order
Federal Supply Schedule and/or GSA Form publications,
write to:
General Services Administration
Centralized Mail List Service (7-CAFL)
819 Taylor Street
P. O. Box 6477
Fort Worth TX 76115
Manufacturers can be contacted directly to receive catalogs
addresses are listed on the schedules. To obtain information
on items available from Federal Prison Industries write, call
or FAX:
UNICOR
Federal Prison Industries, Inc.
320 First Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20534
800-827-3168
FAX-202-628-1597
If no Unicor or GSA item can satisfy the functional and
aesthetic requirements, furniture may be procured from an
open market source. Detailed technical specifications must
be written to ensure that functional and quality
requirements are met.
GENERAL REFERENCES
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38. For assistance please contact:
HQ AMC Design Center
507 A Street
Scott AFB, IL 62225-5022
DSN 576-5107/Fax 576-8789
Commercial 618-256-5107
Prepared by Directorate of Civil Engineering April 1999