The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. It serves several protective functions including preventing water loss, regulating temperature and metabolism, and providing immune defense. The skin is composed of two main layers - the epidermis and dermis. The epidermis contains melanin which determines skin color and the dermis contains connective tissue. Accessory organs of the skin include nails, hair, and exocrine glands. Common skin disorders include acne, burns, and various types of skin cancer like basal cell carcinoma and melanoma.

1. Integumentary System Shanna Visarraga and Lacey Branch

2. Structure of the Integumentary

3. Functions Protect Prevent water loss Temperature regulation Metabolic regulation Immune defense Sensory receptor Excretion by means of secretion

4. Epidermis Skin color Hemoglobin, melanin, carotene Thick skin Palms of hands, soles of feet Thin skin Most of the body Fingerprints

5. Dermis Papillary layer Dermal papillae Epidermal ridges Reticular layer “Network” Stretch marks, wrinkles, and lines of cleavage

6. Subcutaneous Not considered part of the integumentary Composed of areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue

7. Accessory Organs: Nails Nails

8. Nail Disorders Onychomycosis Fungal infection Treatment: oral fungal medication Yellow Nail Syndrome Nail growth thickens and stops Often a sign of respiratory disease

10. Run horizontally across nail

12. Functions of Hair Protection Heat retention Facial expression Sensory reception Visual identification Chemical signal dispursal

13. Exocrine glands of the skin Sweat glands Merocrine Thermoregulation, secretion, and protection Apocrine Secretes into hair follicles

14. Exocrine glands of the skin Sebaceous Sebum Oily, waxy secretion

15. Burns First Degree Redness, pain, slight edema Second Degree Red, blistered, painful Third Degree Skin loss and grafting

16. Skin Cancer Basal cell carcinoma Most common Least dangerous Usually on face Appearance is small, shiny, and enlarges with pearly edge Treatment: surgical removal

18. Acne Comedo Open comedo is called a “black head” Closed is called a “white head” Papule Dome-shaped Mixture of white blood cells, dead cell, and bacteria

20. Fluid filled

21. Can become severely inflamed and painful