Instructional technology is defined as applying scientific knowledge and discoveries to improve teaching and learning effectiveness and efficiency. It involves identifying educational needs, developing integrated curriculums using appropriate teaching models and materials, and establishing feedback mechanisms to modify the educational process. Instructional technology encompasses curriculum development, teaching strategies, teacher training, selecting audiovisual aids, and setting learning objectives using hardware, software, and systems approaches.

2. Definition
 Instructional Technology is the application of scientific knowledge and learning
to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching and training.
- G.O Leith
 Instructional Technology may be defined as the application of the laws as well
as recent discoveries of science and technology to the process of education.
-S.S Kulkarni
 Instructional Technology is the application of scientific process to man’s
learning condition.
-Robert A. Cox

3. Objectives
▶ T
o identify the educational needs and aspiration of the community.
▶ T
o determine the aims, objectives and in general the structure of education.
▶ T
o develop an integrated curriculum.
▶ T
o identify and locate material resources and strategies for achieving the desired
aims of education.
▶ T
o develop models of teaching to bring about an improvement in teaching-learning
process.
▶ T
o design , modify and develop appropriate aids suitable and relevant to the
educational process.

4. Scope of Instructional Technology
o Formulation of objectives and goals of education
o Curriculum Development
o Developing Teaching-Learning Material and Resources
o Developing Tactics and Strategies
o Develops Learning Environment
o Feedback Mechanism and Modification
o Develops Information Resources

5. Need of Instructional Technology
 Increasing the effectiveness of Teaching–Learning process
 Maximizing the output
 Development of new strategies
 Generation of new knowledge
 Creation of interesting learning situation

6. Components of Instructional Technology
Technology
in
Education
Technology
of
Education
IT

7. Domains of Instructional Technology

8. Types of Instructional Technology
Hardware Approach
Software Approach
System Approach

9. Hardware Approach
▶ This type of instructional technology has its origin in physical sciences
▶ Use of mechanical materials and equipments
▶ Main feature is the use of audio visual aids

11. Software Approach
▶ It has its origin in behavioural science and concerned with psychology of
learning.
▶ Software teaching technology is directly related to the psychology of learning
which comprises behavioural changes.
▶ It is associated with modern principles of programmed learning, Computer
assisted learning, Computer aided instruction

12. System Approach
▶ Also known as Management Technology
▶ Developed after World War-2,provided scientific basis for decision making
▶ Educational system, Educational administration and management can be
made more effective

13. Application of Instructional technology
 Curriculum Construction
 Selection of Teaching-Learning Strategies
 Teachers Training
 Selection of Audio- Visual Material
 Formulation of teaching Objectives

14. Difference between Teaching and Instructing
Teaching Instructing
Explaining how something is done Telling how something is done
Complex in nature Not as complex as teaching
Different techniques , strategies
and approaches
It is simply giving direction
Ex: Teachers teach how to read and
write in school.
Ex: Teachers instruct how to
perform a experiment