1. Firms are well-suited for innovation activities as they typically have greater resources than individuals and a management system to direct those resources towards a collective purpose. 2. In addition to in-house R&D, firms often collaborate with customers, suppliers, competitors and partners through alliances, joint ventures and other arrangements to jointly work on innovation projects and share information and resources. 3. While external sources are important, empirical evidence shows they are complements rather than substitutes for internal research and development within firms.

1. IS STRATEGY
RIZKA FITRI YANSI INFORMATION SYSTEM
UIN SUSKA RIAU

2. Innovation
Innovation can arise from many different sources. One
primary engine of innovation is firms. Innovation can also
come from the research efforts of universities, government
laboratories and incubators, or private nonprofit
organizations Firms are well suited to innovation activities
because they typically have greater resources than
individuals and a management system to marshal those
resources toward a collective purpose.

3. Continue…..

4. CREATIVITY….
 Idea Something imagined or pictured in the mind.
 Creativity The ability to produce noveland useful
work.
 Intranet A private network, accessible only to
authorized individuals. It is like the Internet but
operates only within (“intra”) the organization.

5. INVENTORS
Inventors concludes that the most successful inventors
prosses the follwing traits:
1. They have mastered the basic tools and operations
of the field in which they invent, but they have not
spescialized solely in the field, intstead they have
pursued two or three fields simultaneously,
permetting them to bring different perspectives to
each.
2. they are curious and more interested in problems
than solution.

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3. They question the assumptions made in previous work in the
field.
4. They often have the sense that all knowledge is unified. They
seek global solutions rather than local solutions, and are
generalists my nature.
Research and development by firms one of the most obvious
sources of firm innovation is the firms own research and
development efforts. Studies show that firms consider their
in-house R&D(central corporate research or R&D within
divisions) to be their most important source of innovation

8. Firm linkages with customers,suppliers,
competitors, and complementors
 Firms often form alliances with customers, suppliers,
complementors, and even competitors to jointly work
on an innovation project or to exchange information
and other resources in pursuit Collaboration might
occur in the form of alliances, participation in
research consortia, licensing arrangements, contract
research and development, joint ventures, and other
arrangements. The advantages and disadvantages of
innovation.

10. External versus Internal Sourcing of
Innovation
Critics have often charged that firms are using external
sources of technological innovation rather than
investing in original research. But empirical evidence
suggests that external sources of information are
more likely to be complements to rather than
substitutes for in-house research and development.
Research by the Federation of British Industries
indicated firms that had their own research and
development were also the heaviest users of external
collaboration networks.

11. Universities and Government-Funded
Research
 Another important source of innovation comes from
public research institutions such as universities,
government laboratories, and incubators. A
significant share of companies report that research
from public and nonprofit institutions enabled them
to develop innovations that they would not have
otherwise developed.

12. Government-Funded Research
 Governments of many countries actively invest in
research through their own laboratories, the
formation of science parks and incubators, and
grants for other public or private research entities.
For example, the U.S. Small Business Administration
manages two programs that enable innovative small
businesses to receive funding from federal agencies
such as the Department of Defense, the Department
of Energy, the Department of Health and Human
Services, and others.