IT refers to the application of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data. There are three levels of IT: data, information, and knowledge. Computers help quality functions like data collection, analysis, statistical analysis, process control, and automated testing and inspection. Issues with IT include internet privacy, gender differences in use, socioeconomic divides, resource equity, and teacher bias. Emerging technologies include more advanced wireless networks, artificial intelligence, e-paper, wallet PCs, and e-books.

1. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

2. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Definition :
IT is the application of computers to store,
retrieve, transmit and manipulate data, often in
the context of a business or other enterprise.

3. INTRODUCTION
 IT is a tool that helps the TQM organization achieve it’s
goals.
 IT is defined as computer for ;
 Processing Information
 Storing Information
 Transmitting Information

4. LEVELS OF IT
There are three levels of it :
 Data are Alphanumeric.
 Information is the meaningful arrangement of data.
 Knowledge is the value added content of human
thought.

5. HISTORY
 The 1st computer was ENIAC (1946)
Timeline Applications
1946-1963 Scientific and Engineering
1964-1976 Accounting ,Inventory and Business
transactions
1977-1984 Users involved in system development
1985-1986 Desktop systems with spreadsheets
1987-Present E-Mail ,E-commerce system

6. COMPUTERS AND THE QUALITY FUNCTIONS
The quality functions performed by computer are as
follow,
1) Data collection
2) Data analysis,Reduction and reporting
3) statistical analysis
4) Process control
5) automated test and inspection

7. DATA COLLECTION
Suited for collection of data
 benefits are Faster data transmission, fewer errors and
lower collection cost.
 Transmitted to computer by paper or magnetic tape,
keyboard , touch telephone and voice.

8. DATA ANALYSIS, REDUCTION AND
REPORTING
 information is analyzed.
 Reduce to a meaningful amount.
 Disseminated in the form of report.
 activities are programmed to occur automatically.

9. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
 Use of computer in quality control is for statistical
analysis.
 Statistical technique can be easily programmed.
 Programs have been incorporated into software
packages such as Excel.
 Advantages of programmed statistical softwares
are : Time saving and Accuracy

10. AUTOMATED TEST AND INSPECTION
 Computer controlled test and inspection.
 It offers following benefits
- Improved test quality
- lower operating cost
- improved accuracy
-better report preparation

11. THE INTERNET AND OTHER
ELECTRONIC
COMMUNICATION

12.  The Internet is a worldwide network of computer
networks.
its began in 1969 as a means of exchanging data between
universities and the U.S military.
 In 1991, the national science foundation, which was
responsible for the internet, released the ban on commercial
use of it.
 In 1994, the first commercial web browser,, Netscape
Navigator, was released.

13. INTRANET
 The internet first came about in February 1958 in America
 A man named JCR Licklider saw universal networking as a potential unifying
revolution.
 The internet began to grow rapidly in the 1970’s.
 It expanded further in the 1980’s as the general public were becoming more
aware of it.
 intranet is defined as private network of computers within an organization

14. INSTANT MESSAGING
 A system for exchanging typed electronic messages instantly via the
message .
 IBM introduced the facility of instant message.
 rather that email because it is faster.
 Most organization instant messaging services encrypt messages for
security.

15. VIDEO CONFERENCING
video conferencing is a technique.
where people at remote locations participate in a conference .
Video conferencing allows more employees to participate in a
meeting.
Documents, photos, and graphics can be used to convey a difficult
concept.

16. Virtual team
 Start up with a virtual team is similar to traditional team.
 One important difference is that the members do not meet face to
face.
 Additionally, one on one video conferences will provide the vehicle
for team members to become better acquainted.

17. DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT
 Document management, often referred to as Document
Management Systems (DMS), is the use of a computer
system and software to store, manage and track
electronic documents and electronic images of paper based
information captured through the use of a document scanner.
 supporting multiple organization, customer and supplier sites
and mobile users in multiple countries.
 linking to other software, such as gauge management
packages.

18. E-LEARNING
Definition:
E-learning is offered in
a veriety of formats such as CD-
ROM based,LAN based and web
based. It has a number of
advantages over the traditional
classroom

19. It´s needed at a convenient time and
location
Computer is necessary
Learners can immediately apply what
they learn
It takes less time
Interactive exercises can be provided
Materials can be reviewed at a later
date
Students must be able to revisit the
program to review the material

20. E-GOVERNMENT
Government is learning its use of
the internet to simplify processing
of information.

21. E-COMMERCE
 commercial transactions conducted electronically on the
Internet
 Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce) is “the application
of information technology to facilitate the buying and
selling of products, services and information over public
standards based net works” (Price Waterhouse Coopers
(PWC), 1999). Put another way, e-commerce enables
the execution of transactions between two or more
parties using interconnected network. These
interconnected networks can be a combination of
telephone systems, Cable TV, leased lines, or wireless.
E-Commerce also includes consumers making
electronic payments and funds transfers (Kalakota and
Robinson, 2000).

22. BUSINESS TO BUSINESS
 E-commerce application between businesses have
existed since the early 1980´s
 Wal-mart and kmart are execellent example of B2B
 American Airlines SABRE system
 In the late 1960´s the system allowed the largest
travel agencies
1 low cost entry and operational costs
2 global reach with its large number of trading
partners

23. BUSINESS TO CUSTOMER
B2C, or business-to-
consumer, is the type of commerce
transaction in which businesses sell
products or services to consumers.
For example:
someone buying a
television set from an electronics retailer
would be a B2C transaction

24. Issues in information technology

25. INTERNET PRIVACY
 Every move made online is being tracked.
 IP addresses can trace location.
 Be aware of what private information you make
available online.
 Protect passwords and do not leave confidential
information up for others to see.

26. GENDER
 Women and men use internet differently
 Men are more driven by IT, where as women are
more passive in their role as technology users.
 Men favor video games
 Women favor chatting, email

27. SOCIO ECONOMIC
 Many people living in poverty do not get the same
technological resources as others, leaving them
farther behind in the digital divide. A lot of
technology is expensive and people living in
poverty cannot afford them, as they are not a
necessity.

28. RESOURCE EQUITY
 Having equal access to technology
 This is important part of a quality education
 Equal access is important to help bridge the gap in the
digital divide.

29. TEACHER BIAS
 The way a teacher teaches with technology and
uses it in the classroom can affect how students
use and understand using technology.

30. HACKING
 Hackers break into, or ‘hack’ into a system. Hacking
can be undertaken for a variety of reasons, such as
the wish to damage a system or the wish to
understand how a system works, so that money
can be made out of it.

31. VIRUSES
 Clearly writing and spreading virus programs are
unethical acts; they have very serious
consequences, and cause systems to crash and
organizations to cease operating for certain
periods.

32. TECHNOLOGIES OF THE FUTURE
Description of advances in IT that are in various
stages of development:
 Wireless
 1st generation : Analog cellphones
 2nd generation: Digital
 3rd generation : Called 3G

33. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
 It recreates, using software, the portion of human
brain that makes decisions.
E-Paper
It is light and bendable but the final products is
still years away. It can revolutionize computer
Screens, books and other print media.

34. THE WALLET PC
 It will have the features of a present day computer
and will include GPS, Biometric security system
and keyless access to vehicles.
E-Book
It will be Of the size and weight of today’s
paperbook.Any document on the internet will
be accessable and pages will be turned and
located by voice command.

35. CONCLUSION
 Our economy is benifiting from structural gains in
productivity that have been driven by a remarkable
wave of technological innovation.
 Knowledge and technological innovation.
 The empires of the future are the empires of mind.