Feeling a bit confused about the recent changes to the ANSI and EN388 cut testing standards? To help you understand why the changes are being made and what they'll entail, we've created this informative slide deck.
Jigs exert considerable lengthwise tension on the fabric and are more suitable for the dyeing of woven than knitted fabrics. Since the fabric is handled in open-width, a jig is very suitable for fabrics which crease when dyed in rope form. Jigg or jigger dyeing machine is the most commonly used for dyeing all kinds of cotton fabric. There are mainly two types of jigger dyeing machine
Similar to Industrial sewing machines for leather (20)
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Bob Boule
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
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My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
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Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
2. SELECTION OF SEWING MACHINE FORSELECTION OF SEWING MACHINE FOR
LEATHER GARMENTLEATHER GARMENT
3. Construction factors
• The force generated by the motor system when
trying to drive needles through these materials is
quite immense.
• Therefore, all-metal sewing machines are best for
sewing these materials primarily because sewing
machines that are housed in other material such
as plastic can’t handle these materials without
breaking down.
• Sticking to metal body sewing machines gives
these material workers an easier time sewing
tough or thick materials and also helps them save
money on maintenance of the machines.
4. Motor rating
Sewing machines for heavier materials such as
leather, denim, canvas and upholstery need
powerful motors that are usually rated according
to the amount of currency they draw.
The most common motors are 1.2-amp and 1.5-
amp, but anything less is insufficient.
On the other hand, highly effective motor systems
include precision engineered devices such as
reduced gear systems and ribbed drive belts that
help eliminate the tendency for these materials
to slip when being sewn.
5. Attachment systems
• Almost all sewing machines use the ordinary
feed dog system.
• However, a few heavy duty machines
implement have additional specialty
mechanisms.
• These add-ons are primarily for reducing
friction between sticky materials and the
presser foot as well as improving the ability
for the materials to move along evenly
without bunching up.
6. Walking foot attachment
• A feed foot or walking foot is basically a
combination style foot.
• A walking foot has two presser feet.
• One presser foot is on the outside and the other
one on the inside and they alternate oscillating
up and down as the sewing machine moves the
needle.
• The walking foot ensures that these materials
are always held in place especially when the
needle is puncturing the materials and lifting out
of it.
7. Rolling presser foot attachment
• This is a presser foot attachment that has
small rollers or wheels that allow sticky
material to move forward easily without
sticking to the system.
• However, it is essential to understand that
depending on the type of roller foot,
omnidirectional dewing may be more difficult.
• The leather, denim, canvas or upholstery is
free to move in between these two stages.
8. Walking foot machines
• Walking foot machines are ideal for working with
multiple layers of dense vinyl, tough denim
upholstery and thick leather.
• They allow the stitcher to move around and
zigzag in all directions with ease while still
preventing missed stitches or slippage.
• In addition to the feed dog, the walking foot
machines move the thicker materials with a
combination of several different methods and
they have a pair of presser feet instead of just
one.
9. Needle compatibility
• Some needles are more suitable for sewing tough
materials.
• Needles that have thicker shanks are generally
tougher and they can puncture lather without
snapping or bending.
• On the other hand, they have wider bodies so
they can easily pull the treat through the holes
without snagging the leather on the edges.
• Most general use needles are made to fit into
standard sized holders. However, heavy duty
leather needles are only appropriate for leather
specific sewing machines.
10. Drive configurations
There are many different varieties of walking foot
machines that are classified according to their
drive configurations:
Compound drive or triple feed:
In the triple feed system, movements of the
inside presser foot and needle are synchronized
with the feed dogs.
The machine is suitable for stitching all heavy
materials without causing any stich irregularities
11. Double feed drive
Double feed drive sewing machines move the
material by moving the feed dogs in concert
with the outer presser foot.
This makes it ideal for sewing mark-proof
leather.
Jump feed drive
In these sewing machines, a slotted presser
foot usually lifts up in order to allow the
needle to move the material.
Jump feed drive is ideal for thick harness
projects and leather because it moves the
material with the current stitch.
12. Presser foot feed drive
In this sewing machine, the presser foot has
teeth on the surface.
Although the presser feet in most general use
sewing machines are smooth, this particular feed
has teeth in order to ensure that the pressure
foot always gets a strong grip on the leather.
Unfortunately, the teeth may leave little marks
especially on soft leather that has been vegetable
tanned.
13. Snap feed drive
This system uses the feed dog to move the
material by simply pulling it from the bottom.
The hinge is loaded with springs so when it’s feed
dog drops, the foot lifts and snaps forward.
Snap feed drive works well with projects where
it’s necessary to pivot the leather while sewing.
The ideal machine for sewing largely depends on
the type and thickness of material.
It’s essential to remember that some sewing
machines are more appropriate for common
items such as motorcycle saddle bags and
holsters .
19. Specifications
• Presser foot clearance: 5/8 (16mm).″
• Sewing capacity: 3/8 (10mm).″
• Maximum stitch length: 6mm.
• Cylinder Bed Length: 10.5 .″
• Cylinder Bed Diameter: 1 7/8 .″
• Maximum sewing speed: 2200SPM.
• Needle Sizes: #18 to #23.
• Thread sizes: #45 to #138.
• Smart Servo Motor: 800W, 1HP, 110V.
20. Features
It is a Narrow cylinder arm diameter of 1 7/8 . It has″
Compound walking-foot feeding mechanism.
It Sews up to 3/8 material thickness. It has Large double-″
capacity bobbin.
Includes the Techsew SmartServo Motor.
Narrow cylinder arm diameter of 1 7/8 ”.″
Compound walking-foot (alternating presser feet + needle
feed + feed dog) to help feed thick & bulky materials.
Large double-capacity bobbin.
Includes the Techsew SmartServo Motor for complete
control at any stitching speed – great for novice, amateur
or experienced sewers.
Reverse Feed to reinforce the stitching.
Reinforced U-Table.
Uses needle type 135X17, sizes #18 to #23.
Allows for use of thread up to size #138.
22. Smart Servo-NP Needle Position Motor
The Techsew SmartServo-NP is an automatic
needle positioning motor which saves time
and effort while sewing.
This powerful and versatile motor will
automatically lift the needle at the end of a
seam, or automatically leave it in the bottom
position.
This will eliminate the need to constantly turn
your hand wheel to position your needle.
23. TLG Laser Guide
• The Techsew TLG Laser Guide provides a
perfectly straight laser guided line directly in
front of needle.
• No more grooving the leather before sewing
and get a perfectly straight seam every time
by sewing right along the laser guided line.
24. Flatbed table attachment
• The flatbed table attachment fits directly over
the cylinder arm of the machine, instantly
converting it to a flatbed machine.
25. Techsew 2900L
• The Techsew 2900L is the finest in leather
patching machines, designed for repairing
shoes, boots and purses and sewing patches
onto leather.
26. Features
• It has Compound walking-foot feeding mechanism.
• It can sew up to 3/8 material thickness.″
• It has SmartServo-NP needle position motor.
• It also has TLG laser guide.
• It can Swing down roller guide.
• Flatbed table attachment.
• It Includes table and adjustable speed SmartServo needle position
motor.
• It has 18 Long cylinder arm.″
• It has a Large bobbin.
• It has 360-degree rotating presser foot for sewing in any direction.
• It has 1/4 sewing capacity.″
• It has Reinforced steel pedestal stand on wheels for a largest work
area.
• It is Powered by the Techsew SmartServo motor & speed reducer
for slow and controlled stitching speeds
Can be manually operated by hand.
27. Techsew 2900L
Specifications:
• Cylinder arm length: 18 .″
• Sewing capacity: 1/4 .″
• Maximum sewing speed:
500 SPM.
• Needle system: 135×17.
• Needle sizes: #16 to #20.
• Thread sizes: #46 to #90.
• Techsew SmartServo
motor: 800W, 1HP,
110V, 18 speed settings
from 100 to 1800RPM.
28. Techsew 2800-B
Specifications:
• Presser foot clearance: 5/8″
(16mm).
• Sewing capacity: 3/8 (10mm).″
• Maximum stitch length: 5
Stitches Per Inch (5mm).
• Cylinder Bed Length: 10.5 .″
• Cylinder Bed Diameter: 1 7/8 .″
• Maximum sewing speed:
2200SPM.
• Needle Sizes: #18 to #24.
• Thread sizes: #46 to #138.
• SmartServo Motor: 800W, 1HP,
110V.
•
29. • For sewing leather,
upholstery, canvas,
and synthetics,.
• the 4100CW with
vibrating binder (to
eliminate the
“roping” effect)
offers the whole
package.
• Low noise and
vibration design,
outstanding build
quality and reliability
and the industries #1
DC servomotor.
30. Leather Sewing Machine Tippmann
• Sew through Leather, up
to 3/4 Thick. This
machine will also sew
nylon, canvas, urethane,
plastic, sheepskin, etc.
• No need to worry about
cords, outlets or
mechanical hook-ups
because this machine is
designed to be
completely self-
sufficient.
• A Simple pull of the
handle is all it takes to
start stitching.
31. • This machine is hand
powered. The lever on
the right side of the
machine operates just
Like a slot machine
handle.
• A pull of the handle all of
the way down and all of
the way up is one full lock
stitch.
• This machine is
completely self-sufficient.
• The Boss can be clamped
to any table, tailgate, or
tradeshow table and put
to work immediately.
• There is no need to for
any electrical hook-ups,
because this machine is
completely hand driven.
32. The Tippmann Boss
Leather Sewing Machine
completes a precise lock
stitch with every pull of
the handle.
The Tippmann Boss is
fully adjustable on stitch
lengths, thread sizes,
needles, tension, etc.
count on the Boss to
deliver accuracy and
consistency on every
stitch.
33. Techsew 2750
• The Techsew 2750 is
designed for sewing
chaps, jackets, vests,
handbags, belts,
upholstery, saddlebags,
boots as well as
automobile and boat
covers, sails, tents,
awnings, luggage,
orthopedic appliances,
sports equipment and
much more.