3. What is Automation?
Is the delegation of human control function to technical
equipment for increasing productivity, increasing
quality, reducing cost and increasing safety in working
conditions
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. What is Industrial
Automation??
Industrial automation refers to the use of various
control systems, such as computers or robots, and
information technologies for handling different
processes and machineries in an industrial environment
with minimal human intervention. The main objective
of industrial automation is to improve efficiency,
productivity, and safety by reducing errors and
minimizing the need for human intervention in the
manufacturing or production process.
22. Defn
Industrial Automation Systems refer to the use of
technology and control systems to automate industrial
processes and improve efficiency, productivity, and
safety. These systems typically use advanced
technologies such as robotics, sensors, artificial
intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor
and control various industrial processes and machines.
23. Uses
Industrial automation systems can be used in a variety of industries,
including manufacturing, energy, transportation, and healthcare. These
systems can automate tasks such as assembly, material handling, quality
control, and machine maintenance. By automating these processes,
organizations can reduce costs, increase productivity, and improve safety.
24. Components of Industrial
Automation Systems
Industrial automation systems typically involve various
components such as sensors, actuators, programmable logic
controllers (PLCs), human-machine interfaces (HMIs),
supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems,
and other specialized software and hardware solutions.
These systems work together to control and optimize
different processes in industrial settings, ranging from
assembly lines to chemical plants and beyond.
Examples of industrial automation applications include
robotic assembly lines, automated material handling
systems, CNC machines, automated inspection and quality
control systems, and more. Industrial automation has
revolutionized modern manufacturing and production,
allowing for higher levels of precision, speed, and
efficiency, while reducing waste and minimizing errors.
30. Features of SCADA Software
Dynamic process graphic
Real-time and historical trending
Alarms
Recipe Management
Security
Device Connectivity
Script for logic development
Database connectivity
31.
32. Components of Industrial
Automation Systems (cont)
Industrial automation systems typically consis t of several key components,
including hardware, software, and communication networks. The hardware
component includes the physical devices and sensors used to monitor and
control industrial processes, such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs),
robots, and sensors. The software component includes the programs and
algorithms used to control the hardware and analyze data, such as control
software, data analytics software, and machine learning algorithms. The
communication network component includes the infrastructure used to
transmit data between devices and systems, such as local area networks
(LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the internet.
Effective implementation of industrial automation systems requires careful
planning, design, and testing. Organizations must identify the specific
processes and tasks that can benefit from automation and develop a clear
understanding of the technology and hardware requirements. They must also
establish effective communication networks and implement appropriate
security measures to protect against cyber threats.
Overall, industrial automation systems offer significant benefits to
organizations in terms of improved efficiency, productivity, and safety.
However, successful implementation requires a thorough understanding of the
technology and a strategic approach to implementation and maintenance
33. Industrial Automation
concepts in Engineering
Sensors and Actuators: Sensors are used to collect data about various
process parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and humidity, while
actuators are used to control the operation of machinery or equipment
based on the sensor data.
Control Systems: These systems are responsible for processing the data
collected by sensors and using it to control the operation of machinery
or equipment. The control system can be a computer-based system or a
programmable logic controller (PLC).
Human-Machine Interface (HMI): The HMI is a graphical user interface
that enables operators to interact with the control system and monitor
the operation of the machinery or equipment.
Robotics: Industrial robots are used for tasks such as assembly, material
handling, and packaging. They are programmable machines that can
perform repetitive tasks with a high degree of accuracy and speed.
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA): This is a control
system architecture that uses computers, networked data
communications, and graphical user interfaces to manage complex
industrial processes.
34. Types of Industrial
Automation
Fixed Automation: This type of automation is designed to perform a
specific task repeatedly, such as assembly line production in a factory.
Programmable Automation: In this type of automation, machines and
equipment can be programmed to perform different tasks. This type of
automation is commonly used in industries where multiple products are
produced in smaller quantities.
Flexible Automation: This type of automation is similar to programmable
automation, but with the added ability to adapt to changes in the
manufacturing process. This makes it a good fit for industries with
changing production needs.
Integrated Automation: This type of automation brings together
different automation technologies, such as robotics, sensors, and
controllers, to form a single system that can be managed from a central
location.
Collaborative Automation: In this type of automation, humans work
alongside machines to perform tasks. This is becoming increasingly
popular in industries where machines are not able to replace human
intuition or decision-making.
35. Automation Equipment
Robots: These are programmable machines that can perform a wide range
of tasks, such as assembly, welding, painting, and material handling.
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): These are small computers that
are used to control and monitor industrial processes, such as assembly
lines, power plants, and water treatment systems.
Motion Control Systems: These systems are used to control the movement
of machines or equipment, such as servo motors, linear actuators, and
hydraulic cylinders.
Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs): These are graphical user interfaces that
allow operators to interact with machines or equipment, such as
touchscreens, keyboards, and control panels.
Sensors and Actuators: These are devices that can detect changes in the
environment, such as temperature, pressure, or motion, and then trigger
a response, such as turning on a motor or opening a valve.
38. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
CONTROLLER
A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a type of
industrial control system used in manufacturing and
industrial applications to automate various processes.
PLCs are designed to control electromechanical
processes such as assembly lines, conveyor systems,
robotic devices, and more.
A PLC works by receiving inputs from sensors and
switches, processing the input data using a program,
and then controlling outputs such as motors, valves, and
other devices. The PLC's program is written in ladder
logic, a graphical programming language that allows
engineers to create complex automation sequences in a
visual and intuitive manner.
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40.
41. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
CONTROLLER (cont)
PLCs are known for their reliability and durability, and are often used in
harsh industrial environments where traditional computers and electronics
may not be able to operate. They are also highly flexible and can be easily
reprogrammed or reconfigured to adapt to changes in the manufacturing
process.
Some of the key benefits of using PLCs in industrial automation include
increased efficiency and productivity, reduced downtime and maintenance
costs, and improved product quality and consistency.
48. Human Machine Interface
(HMI)
Human Machine Interface (HMI) is a type of user
interface that allows interaction between humans and
machines or devices. In an industrial context, an HMI is
a device or software application that enables operators
to control and monitor the status of industrial
automation equipment, such as programmable logic
controllers (PLCs), sensors, motors, and other devices.
An HMI typically includes a display screen, input devices
such as buttons or touchscreens, and software that runs
on a computer or microprocessor. It is designed to be
user-friendly, intuitive, and provide real-time feedback
to operators about the status of the machines or
processes being monitored.
49. Key functions of an HMI
Data visualization: An HMI provides visual representations of data, such as
graphs, charts, and gauges, to help operators understand the current
status of the system.
Data entry: An HMI allows operators to enter data into the system, such as
set points, commands, or feedback.
Alarm management: An HMI can alert operators to issues or problems in
the system through visual and audible alarms, allowing for quick response
and resolution.
Control: An HMI allows operators to control the operation of equipment,
such as starting and stopping machines, adjusting set points, and changing
parameters.
Historical data logging and analysis: An HMI can store data over time,
allowing for analysis of historical trends and patterns in the system's
performance.
50. Communication Systems in
Industrial Automation Systems
Communication systems are a critical component of industrial automation systems. They enable
the exchange of data and commands between different components of the system, including
sensors, controllers, actuators, and human machine interfaces.
There are several communication protocols and technologies used in industrial automation
systems, including:
Ethernet: Ethernet is a widely used protocol for industrial communication, providing high-
speed, reliable communication between devices. It is used for both local and wide area
networks and can support a range of applications.
Modbus: Modbus is a serial communication protocol that is commonly used in industrial
applications. It is a simple, open protocol that can be used with a variety of devices and
supports communication over a wide range of distances.
Profibus: Profibus is a widely used industrial communication protocol that is used in a variety of
applications, including factory automation, process automation, and building automation. It
supports both digital and analog signals and can operate over long distances.
DeviceNet: DeviceNet is a communication protocol that is used to connect industrial devices,
such as sensors, actuators, and controllers, in a network. It provides a simple and cost-effective
solution for connecting devices, reducing wiring and installation costs.
Industrial Wireless: Industrial wireless technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Zigbee, and Bluetooth, are
increasingly being used in industrial automation systems. They provide a flexible and scalable
solution for connecting devices and can be used in a wide range of applications.
