A highly cherished Bambara groundnut variety, ‘Caro’ was treated with different concentrations of ethyl methane sulphonate EMS for different durations to raise an M1 generation. In the M1 generation, the mutagenic effect of EMS on seed germination, growth and seed yield at different doses 0.01 , 0.1 , 0.25 and 0.5 and for different durations 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours were studied. Characters like days to first flowering, days to 50 flowering, number of flowers per plant, number of leaves, number of nodes per plant, number of stems per plant, plant spread, plant height, number of branches per plant, pod length, pod width, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed length, seed width and seed yield were measured. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance ANOVA and means were separated using least significant difference LSD . The result showed that there was significant effect p 0.05 of ethyl methane sulphonate concentrations in all the parameters except on number of days to maturity. The concentration, 0.1 and soaking duration of 6 hours was more promising in creating variability. Apparently, could Ethyl methane sulphonate significantly improved the performance and create genetic variability of Bambara groundnut and therefore can be employed in breeding programme for Bambara groundnut. Grace O. Chimdi | Michael I. Uguru | Peter. E. Ogbonna | Nwakuche C. Onwubiko "Induced Mutagenesis of Flowering, Phenology and Yield in M1 Generation of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna Subterrnea (L.) Verdc)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49327.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/49327/induced-mutagenesis-of-flowering-phenology-and-yield-in-m1-generation-of-bambara-groundnut-vigna-subterrnea-l-verdc/grace-o-chimdi
DOI: 10.21276/ijlssr.2016.2.3.19
ABSTRACT- By using gamma rays (physical) & EMS (chemical) mutagens the various genetic variability parameters
were estimated of two soybean cultivars i.e. PKV-1 & JS-335. Characters studied i.e. Plant height, no. of branches per
plant, no. of clusters per plant, no. of pods per plant, yield per plant, 100 grain wt. shows that genotypic coefficient of
variation (G.C.V.) & phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), heritability was significantly high. In both the varieties, all
the mutagenic treatments were effective in inducing genetic variability.
Key-words- Gamma rays, EMS, Mutagens, Genetic Variability
Study of Chlorophyll Mutations and Chlorophyll Content in Young Oil Palm (Ela...Premier Publishers
Chlorophyll mutations provide one of the most dependable indices for evaluating genetic effects of mutagenic treatments and have been reported in various pulse crops by several workers. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effects of gamma irradiation in inducing chlorophyll mutations and as well investigate chlorophyll content after gamma radiation at 10 Gy in M1, M2, M2M1 populations of oil palm seedlings. Chlorophyll mutations were observed 2 MAP and chlorophyll content was determined using Chlorophyll content meter (SPAD 502) at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 months after planting (MAP). Results revealed six chlorophyll mutants namely xantha, chlorina, chimerical leaves, maculata, striata, and viridis. Significant differences were observed for chlorophyll content at 4, 6, 8 MAP. Results showed that at 10 Gy of gamma irradiation, chlorophyll mutations could be induced and chlorophyll content reduces at the initial stages of plant growth after gamma irradiation (4-8 MAP) and later becomes normalized (10-12 MAP).
Effect of Different Sources of Nutrient on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmosc...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
The experiment was carried out at Nepal Polytechnic Institute field, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal to study the effect of different nutrient sources on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L Monech). Five different treatments; poultry manure, FYM, goat manure, chemical (as per N equivalent) and no fertilizer (control) were replicated four times. The experiment was arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD). The okra variety ArkaAnamika was used for experiment. The data were collected on the growth and yield parameters including plant height (cm), canopy (cm), numbers of leaves per plant, numbers of branches per plant, fruit length, diameter and yield. Results indicated that different nutrient sources had significant (P<0.05) affected on plant height, canopy, leaf number, branches and also in yield parameters. Based on the findings of the experiments, it can be concluded that application of poultry manure significantly increased the growth and yield performances on Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech (okra) compared to other types of fertilizers. As the study reflected the use of no fertilizer results in the lowest vegetative growth and yield performances which indicates to use some nutrient sources for better growth and production of okra.
The Effects of Coconut Milk on the Rooting Of Two Types of Cutting of Termina...ijsrd.com
Objectives: The trial investigated the effects of coconut milk on stem and root cuttings of Terminalia catappa. Methodology and results: Each cutting type treated with three coconut milk concentrations (0%, 50% and 100%).The experiment was a 2x3 factorial set, six treatment combinations replicated four times and laid out in a completely randomized design. The results showed that root cuttings produced significantly more cuttings with roots, number of roots on rooted cuttings and rooted cuttings with the longest roots (P<0.05)>0.05) than those treated with 50% and 0% coconut milk. There was a significant interaction (P<0.05)><0.05)><0.05) between cutting type and coconut milk concentration on the number of leaves produced. It was recommend that root cuttings treated with 100% coconut milk should be used for vegetative propagation programs of the species.
DOI: 10.21276/ijlssr.2016.2.3.19
ABSTRACT- By using gamma rays (physical) & EMS (chemical) mutagens the various genetic variability parameters
were estimated of two soybean cultivars i.e. PKV-1 & JS-335. Characters studied i.e. Plant height, no. of branches per
plant, no. of clusters per plant, no. of pods per plant, yield per plant, 100 grain wt. shows that genotypic coefficient of
variation (G.C.V.) & phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), heritability was significantly high. In both the varieties, all
the mutagenic treatments were effective in inducing genetic variability.
Key-words- Gamma rays, EMS, Mutagens, Genetic Variability
Study of Chlorophyll Mutations and Chlorophyll Content in Young Oil Palm (Ela...Premier Publishers
Chlorophyll mutations provide one of the most dependable indices for evaluating genetic effects of mutagenic treatments and have been reported in various pulse crops by several workers. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effects of gamma irradiation in inducing chlorophyll mutations and as well investigate chlorophyll content after gamma radiation at 10 Gy in M1, M2, M2M1 populations of oil palm seedlings. Chlorophyll mutations were observed 2 MAP and chlorophyll content was determined using Chlorophyll content meter (SPAD 502) at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 months after planting (MAP). Results revealed six chlorophyll mutants namely xantha, chlorina, chimerical leaves, maculata, striata, and viridis. Significant differences were observed for chlorophyll content at 4, 6, 8 MAP. Results showed that at 10 Gy of gamma irradiation, chlorophyll mutations could be induced and chlorophyll content reduces at the initial stages of plant growth after gamma irradiation (4-8 MAP) and later becomes normalized (10-12 MAP).
Effect of Different Sources of Nutrient on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmosc...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
The experiment was carried out at Nepal Polytechnic Institute field, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal to study the effect of different nutrient sources on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L Monech). Five different treatments; poultry manure, FYM, goat manure, chemical (as per N equivalent) and no fertilizer (control) were replicated four times. The experiment was arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD). The okra variety ArkaAnamika was used for experiment. The data were collected on the growth and yield parameters including plant height (cm), canopy (cm), numbers of leaves per plant, numbers of branches per plant, fruit length, diameter and yield. Results indicated that different nutrient sources had significant (P<0.05) affected on plant height, canopy, leaf number, branches and also in yield parameters. Based on the findings of the experiments, it can be concluded that application of poultry manure significantly increased the growth and yield performances on Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech (okra) compared to other types of fertilizers. As the study reflected the use of no fertilizer results in the lowest vegetative growth and yield performances which indicates to use some nutrient sources for better growth and production of okra.
The Effects of Coconut Milk on the Rooting Of Two Types of Cutting of Termina...ijsrd.com
Objectives: The trial investigated the effects of coconut milk on stem and root cuttings of Terminalia catappa. Methodology and results: Each cutting type treated with three coconut milk concentrations (0%, 50% and 100%).The experiment was a 2x3 factorial set, six treatment combinations replicated four times and laid out in a completely randomized design. The results showed that root cuttings produced significantly more cuttings with roots, number of roots on rooted cuttings and rooted cuttings with the longest roots (P<0.05)>0.05) than those treated with 50% and 0% coconut milk. There was a significant interaction (P<0.05)><0.05)><0.05) between cutting type and coconut milk concentration on the number of leaves produced. It was recommend that root cuttings treated with 100% coconut milk should be used for vegetative propagation programs of the species.
Comparison of Growth and Development of Pleurotus florida against Wastes from...Dr. siddhant
Two wastes from animal origin, viz., human hairs and egg shells were evaluated for different manifestations of white oyster mushroom, Pleurotus florida. The mushroom utilized both the
substrates for their growth and sporophore formation. The mycelial growth was significantly (P=0.05) faster on egg shell (18 days) as compared to human hair (23 days). The crop of mushroom was harvested in four flushes where human hairs showed higher yield and biological efficiency of mushroom (165 gm, 33%) than egg shells (155 gm, 31%), respectively. In respect of yield parameters such as yield, biological efficiency, number of mushroom fruit bodies and average weight of
sporophores, both the substrates were statistically at par to each other. Utilization of human hairs egg shells by P. florida reveals a new strategy for mycoremediation of these wastes.
Abstract— A laboratory experiments were conducted during the year of 2012-2014 at Annamalai University of cuddalore district under irrigated conditions to formulate site –specific nutrient management and efficiency of treatments known by comparing with rice, sunflower and black gram seeds. And the treatments includes control, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1% vermicompost, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1% phosphobacteria, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1% azospirillum. And the above treatments are applied to all the three seeds ie, rice, sunflower, black gram. The numbers of seeds used for the experiment are 50 seeds of paddy, 20 seeds of black gram and 10 seeds of sunflower. Highest values for plant biomass root and shoot length was noticed in 10 % all the treatments.
Effect of interaction between different plant growth regulators on in vitro s...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— In this paper a shoot multiplication is described for Citrus latifolia Tan. (persian lime) using nodal segment explants of young one – old – year trees by two different pathways contain with and without callusing phase. The best result for multiple shoot formation and regenerated shoot formation was 3.2 and 2.6 shoots per explants with 4.44 µM BA plus 0.053 µM NAA and 4.44 µM BA plus 0.049 µM IBA respectively. Alike shoot regeneration, shoot elongation was occurred in medium with 4.44 µM BA and 0.049 µM IBA. Micropropagated and regenerated plants are under other experiments. Abbreviation: BA – 6 benzylaminopurine; IBA – Indole acetic acid; NAA – Naphtalene acetic acid; PGRs – Plant Growth Regulators.
Performance of different substrates on growth, yield and biological efficienc...svchandran01
The substrate paddy straw has recorded maximum yield of fresh mushroom.Among the substrates newspaper substrate exhibited highest biological efficiency of more than 95 per cent. Among the varieties CO (OM) 2 has recorded early spawn run and maximum yield performance.
Nodulation, Growth and Yield Response of Five Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Wa...Premier Publishers
The experiment was carried out in the screen house of the Department of Crop, Soil & Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. The experimental layout was a 5 x 3 x 2 factorial combination with 3 replications given a total of 90 treatments. Seeds of five cowpea varieties namely: IT98K-205-8, Ife Brown, Oloyin Brown, IT98K-573-2-1 and IT96D-610 were sown in Plastic buckets of 7-liter capacity and were perforated at the bottom to allow for drainage and filled with top soil. Watering regimes of (500ml, 700ml and 900ml) were imposed and water was applied twice a week while cowpea plants were inoculated with 5g each of Rhizobia strain (Mesorhizobia loti) at seedling stage. Control set was maintained without inoculation. The effect of watering regimes on legume species was significant on nodulation, growth and yield characters of cowpea varieties evaluated. The results revealed marked varietal differences in plant growth, nodulation, yield and yield components. IT98K-573-2-1 and Oloyin Brown generally expressed superior performance in most measured parameters. Mesorhizobia inoculation significantly (p≤0.05) increased plant growth, nodulation, yield and yield components of cowpea. The interaction effect of variety, Mesorhizobia loti and watering regimes caused significant variations in the number of nodules, leaf area, number of seeds/pod and seed yield. The nitrogen and crude protein content in the leaf differed among the cowpea varieties evaluated. Application of mesorhizobium strain significantly increased seed yield of cowpea and caused substantial increase in nodulation and this subsequently affected the Nitrogen fixation potential of cowpea under varying soil moisture regimes.
The ethanol extracts of Ficus asperifolia, Mormordica charantia, Anacardium
occidentals and Psidium guajava were evaluated sole and in treatment combinations at 25, 50 and
75mg ml-1 concentration levels against the mycelial growth of Macrophomina phaseolina of
Cowpea. The pathogen was cultured on plates containing botanicals amended Potato Dextrose
Agar (PDA) in three replicates while only ethanol treated PDA tested plates served the control
experiment. The radial growths were recorded at 4th, 6th and 8th day after inoculation. Data
obtained were analysed using the SAS software program version 9.2. The extract of Mormordica
charantia was the most effective in the botanical treatments alone. The most significant inhibition
of Macrophomina phaseolina were observed from the combined treatments of Ficus asperifolia,
Mormordica charantia and Anacardium occidentals (3.11 cm), followed by Mormordica
charantia and Psidium guajava (3.29 cm), then combination of four extracts; Ficus asperifolia,
Mormordica charantia, Anacardium occidentals and Psidium guajava (3.53 cm), then
Mormordica charantia and Anacardium occidentals (3.84 cm). Other treatments, either alone or in
combination produced significant result compared to the control experiment (6.94 cm). However,
the efficacy of botanicals increased with concentration and also significantly correlated with time
and reduction in mycelia extension of the pathogen. More so, variability in the antifungicidal
potentials of the botanicals on Macrophomina phaseolina ranges from 15.93% to 34.06%
according to Eigen proportions. The treatment combinations of; Ficus asperifolia, Mormordica
charantia and Anacardium occidentals at 75mg ml-1 concentration level produced the most
inhibitory effect against Macrophomina phaseolina in vitro. However, the untreated plates did not
show inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of the pathogen. Therefore, combined treatments of
botanicals could be a potential source in the practice of plant disease control.
An attempt was made to study the Cytogenetical effects of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate on meiotic chromosomal abnormalities in two cultivars viz., PKV-1 and JS-335. The most frequently observed aberrations in meiosis were univalents, trivalent, multivalents chromosomal fragments, desynapsis of chromosome, laggards, and clumping of chromosomes etc. The physical mutagens were more effective than chemical mutagens. The effect of gamma-rays and ethyl methane sulphonate shows chlorophyll mutations such as Chlorina, Xantha, Albina, and Alboviridis in an M2 generation in both the cultivars. Cultivar JS-335 shows more pronounced effect than cultivar PKV-1. Gamma-rays recorded maximum macro mutations as compared to chemical mutagens (EMS). The frequency and spectrum of morphological mutation indicated that variety JS-335 was more sensitive than PKV-1. Different response of the two varieties to various mutagens was noticed. Key-words- Gamma radiation, EMS, Chromosomal aberrations, Mutagens, Chlorophyll mutation
Genetic Variability in Proximate, Mineral, Vitamin, Carotene and Anti Nutrien...ijtsrd
is study aimed to evaluate genotypic variability in twenty fluted pumpkin Telfairia occidentalis accessions for nutrient composition and anti nutrient contents. The trials were in Teaching and Research Fields of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State and Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campus, Akwa Ibom State, laid in Randomized Complete Block Design RCBD with three replications. Analysis of variance was used to partition the variability into the components due to genetic and non environmental factors, genetic GCV , phenotypic PCV and environmental ECV components of variation, estimates of broad sense heritability h2Bs and Genetic advance GA . High range of variability and high genetic variance were observed for all the traits in both locations. Close differences between genotypic and phenotypic variances and genotypic, phenotypic and environmental coefficient of variations were observed for all the traits. The lower variances observed indicates that the genotypic component was the major contributor to the total variances for the characters in both locations. In Obio Akpa moderate broad sense heritability and genetic advance was observed which indicated the influence of environmental variance is more than genetic variance. Based on the parameters observed, considerable selection program for the improvement of these traits is possible in Telfairia occidentalis. Udo Imo Okon | Ekpoke Okurube Silver | Nwofia Godson Emeka "Genetic Variability in Proximate, Mineral, Vitamin, Carotene and Anti-Nutrients Content of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia Occidentalis Hook F)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52001.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/52001/genetic-variability-in-proximate-mineral-vitamin-carotene-and-antinutrients-content-of-fluted-pumpkin-telfairia-occidentalis-hook-f/udo-imo-okon
Genetic resistance to drought and aflatoxin contamination in groundnuts in ce...Abadi Getahun
This poster presentation highlights the results gained from the experiment conducted at Rama, central zone of Tigray with the aim to screen different groundnut genotypes for their resistance to drought and natural aflatoxin contamination.
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical compounds in Normal and root gall of Ok...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Micropropagation of Santalum Album L. Sandalwoodijtsrd
An efficient plant regeneration protocol was developed for Santalum album L. Santalaceae , an economically important species. Plant regeneration was achieved using nodal explants and leaf disc on Murashige and Skoog MS medium for direct shoot regeneration. Effect of Plant Growth Regulators PGR like 6 Benzyl Adenine BA , Kinetin KN and 2 Isopentenyl adenine 2 iP on shoot initiation 2 Isopentenyl adenine and Gibberellic acid GA3 for shoot elongation and multiple shoot formation and Indole 3 Butyric Acid IBA and a Naphthalene Acetic Acid NAA for rooting was studied. Among the explants tested for shoot induction, nodal segments proved good results. The best treatment for obtaining shoot induction was 3.0mg L BAP and for rooting 1 mg L of IBA was found to be the best treatment combination for maximum sprouting of shoot and rooting. After six the rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening, 20 of plantlets survived and resumed growth in the mixture of soil, vermiculite and sand 1 1 1 . S. Aghi Zion Inbakani | S. Sathishkumar | Bakan Jagdish Sudhakar "Micropropagation of Santalum Album L. (Sandalwood)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43698.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/biotechnology/43698/micropropagation-of-santalum-album-l-sandalwood/s-aghi-zion-inbakani
Genetic and Morphological Diversity Analysis of Ethiopian Mustard (Brasica ca...Premier Publishers
Growing of Ethiopian mustard, as an oilseed and leaf vegetable require genetic improvement which relies on its genetic diversity. The experiment was executed to analyse genetic and morphological diversity of Ethiopian mustard land races at Holetta agricultural research center. Forty-nine genotypes collected from different agro ecologies were analyzed using morphological traits in order to assess the genetic and morphological diversity that exists in these materials. The experiment was carried out in a simple lattice design. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among genotypes for all traits compared except seed yield per plant, fresh leaf biomass per plant topped at 40, 50 and 60 days of growth and number of intact leaves at flowering. The significant difference indicates the existence of genetic variability among the accessions that is important for selection and breeding. For yield component traits, high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variations was observed in seed yield per plot and oil yield. This shows that selection of these traits based on phenotype, may be useful for yield improvement. The highest heritability in broad sense was recorded for thousand seed weight(68.80%), followed by days to flowering (65.91%), stand percent (63.14%), linolenic acid (62.58%), days to maturity(60.43%), plant height (59.63%), palmitic (58.19%), linoleic (57.46%),leaf area (52..09%), oil content (50.33%), leaf width (48.29%),leaf length(46.28%), oil yield(44.84%), fresh leaf biomass at 50 days of topping(43.40%), seed yield per plot(42.99%), number of leaves at vegetative state(40.48%), seed yield of 50 days growth stage topped plants(38.85%) and primary branches (34.20%). This suggests that large proportion of the total variance was due to high genotypic variance. Hence, a good progress can be made if some of these traits are considered as selection criteria for the improvement of yield, yield component and vegetative traits. The present study revealed the presence of considerable variability among genotypes for all traits compared except seed yield per plant, fresh leaf biomass per plant topped at 40,50 and 60 days of growth and number of intact leaves at flowering. These conditions indicate that there is good opportunity to improve these characters using the tested genotypes.
Ultraviolet (UV) light has strong genotoxic effect to induce mutations for developing high genetic variability in yields, early maturity and other characters in crops. The study investigated the mutagenic effects of UV radiation on growth, yield, agronomic and mutation tolerance of six maize cultivars. Maize seeds were exposed to UV radiation, and planted in 7 kg soils in the polythene bags, while unexposed served as control. The effect of UV radiation on the first order interaction between weeks after planting (WAP) and treatments was only significant (p<0.05) height="true"><0.05)><0.05)><0.05)><0.01) with leaf length, leaf width and number of leaves with r = 0.95, 0.96, 0.89 respectively. Only the periods of exposure of the UV radiation was positive and strongly correlated with leaf width (r = 0.79). The association between the stover weight and periods of exposure was positive and insignificant, while the correlation between total numbers of grains and grain weight per stand was positive and strong (r = 0.99). Therefore, quality protein maize cultivars should be improved by introgression of favourable genes of drought tolerance, grain yield and related characters through induced mutation of UV radiation.
Growth and yield of 12 accessions of Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) as influenced ...Innspub Net
Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) has gained important commercial status in Nigeria due to its nutritional, medicinal and health benefits. In recent times, there is a growing preference for pure organic food due to the envisaged health and environmental benefits. Thus, a study was carried out on 12 selected accessions of pawpaw evaluated under three poultry manure (PM) application rates at the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The field experiment was a split plot in randomized complete block design of three replications. The main plot treatment was three PM application rates (0, 5 and 10 t ha-1) and the sub-plot treatment was 12 accessions of pawpaw. Accession Ijm-Cl-Ro significantly (p<0.05) produced the tallest plants (71.7, 87.3, 108.3, 127.4 and 150.0cm) at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months after transplanting (MAT), respectively. It had the greatest number of fruits (9.3) at 11 months after the onset of fruit formation, maximum fruit weight (7.15kg) and the highest fruit yield (23.83 t ha-1). Increasing PM rate increased growth traits of the pawpaw plants. Interaction of manure rate × accession on most of the growth attributes varied greatly, but showed no significant difference on yield traits. The accession Ijm-Cl-Ro with the application of 10 t ha-1 of PM which produced the best growth and highest fruit yield is recommended for improved productivity of pawpaw. The control plot produced no fruit throughout the study period, suggesting that manure application is crucial for sustained yield of pawpaw in the study area.
Detection of Genetic variation in tissue culture clones of date palm using IS...IJSRD
Date palm is a plant having high nutritional value and long life (yielding up to 100 years). Phoenix dactylifera requires 2-5 males for pollination of 100 females’ plant depending up on genetic and environment factors. Therefore paternity variation expected to very low according to PCR based techniques, Even though we have tried to find out genetic variation among tissue culture cloned plant. Tissue culture technique can be used for genetic improvement of date palm. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic variation in the tissue culture clones of date palm by using ISSR primers among mother and it’s two clones. The plant DNA was extracted and subjected to detection of genetic variation in two groups of date palm using ISSR primers. In this study ISSR primers produced monomorphic bands within group-1 and group-2. Genetic variation in tissue culture clones of date palm was not detecte by UBC primer series.
Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Explant Type on Multiple Shoot Induc...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Sesamum indicum L. is used as an important oil crop in the world. For establishing of a simple and a rapid system for in vitro culture of sesame shoot tips and hypocotyls explants were cultured on MS media with differtent combinations and concentrations of PGRs. On medium with 5 mgl-1BA plus 1 mgl-1 IAA and 1 mgl-1 ABA mutliple shoot induction on explants was occurred. Multiple shoot indution on medium supplemented with 2 mgl-1BA and 0.3 mgl-1 NAA happen with a short phase of callusing. Also MS medium with 3 mgl-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mgl-1 kinetin was a suitable medium for inducing of somatic embryogenic calli with the frequency of sub-culturing potential. Regenerated shoots on both media rooted on MS medium plus 1.5 mgl-1 NAA and 0.03 mgl-1 BA and whole regenerated plantlets formed.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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Comparison of Growth and Development of Pleurotus florida against Wastes from...Dr. siddhant
Two wastes from animal origin, viz., human hairs and egg shells were evaluated for different manifestations of white oyster mushroom, Pleurotus florida. The mushroom utilized both the
substrates for their growth and sporophore formation. The mycelial growth was significantly (P=0.05) faster on egg shell (18 days) as compared to human hair (23 days). The crop of mushroom was harvested in four flushes where human hairs showed higher yield and biological efficiency of mushroom (165 gm, 33%) than egg shells (155 gm, 31%), respectively. In respect of yield parameters such as yield, biological efficiency, number of mushroom fruit bodies and average weight of
sporophores, both the substrates were statistically at par to each other. Utilization of human hairs egg shells by P. florida reveals a new strategy for mycoremediation of these wastes.
Abstract— A laboratory experiments were conducted during the year of 2012-2014 at Annamalai University of cuddalore district under irrigated conditions to formulate site –specific nutrient management and efficiency of treatments known by comparing with rice, sunflower and black gram seeds. And the treatments includes control, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1% vermicompost, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1% phosphobacteria, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1% azospirillum. And the above treatments are applied to all the three seeds ie, rice, sunflower, black gram. The numbers of seeds used for the experiment are 50 seeds of paddy, 20 seeds of black gram and 10 seeds of sunflower. Highest values for plant biomass root and shoot length was noticed in 10 % all the treatments.
Effect of interaction between different plant growth regulators on in vitro s...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— In this paper a shoot multiplication is described for Citrus latifolia Tan. (persian lime) using nodal segment explants of young one – old – year trees by two different pathways contain with and without callusing phase. The best result for multiple shoot formation and regenerated shoot formation was 3.2 and 2.6 shoots per explants with 4.44 µM BA plus 0.053 µM NAA and 4.44 µM BA plus 0.049 µM IBA respectively. Alike shoot regeneration, shoot elongation was occurred in medium with 4.44 µM BA and 0.049 µM IBA. Micropropagated and regenerated plants are under other experiments. Abbreviation: BA – 6 benzylaminopurine; IBA – Indole acetic acid; NAA – Naphtalene acetic acid; PGRs – Plant Growth Regulators.
Performance of different substrates on growth, yield and biological efficienc...svchandran01
The substrate paddy straw has recorded maximum yield of fresh mushroom.Among the substrates newspaper substrate exhibited highest biological efficiency of more than 95 per cent. Among the varieties CO (OM) 2 has recorded early spawn run and maximum yield performance.
Nodulation, Growth and Yield Response of Five Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Wa...Premier Publishers
The experiment was carried out in the screen house of the Department of Crop, Soil & Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. The experimental layout was a 5 x 3 x 2 factorial combination with 3 replications given a total of 90 treatments. Seeds of five cowpea varieties namely: IT98K-205-8, Ife Brown, Oloyin Brown, IT98K-573-2-1 and IT96D-610 were sown in Plastic buckets of 7-liter capacity and were perforated at the bottom to allow for drainage and filled with top soil. Watering regimes of (500ml, 700ml and 900ml) were imposed and water was applied twice a week while cowpea plants were inoculated with 5g each of Rhizobia strain (Mesorhizobia loti) at seedling stage. Control set was maintained without inoculation. The effect of watering regimes on legume species was significant on nodulation, growth and yield characters of cowpea varieties evaluated. The results revealed marked varietal differences in plant growth, nodulation, yield and yield components. IT98K-573-2-1 and Oloyin Brown generally expressed superior performance in most measured parameters. Mesorhizobia inoculation significantly (p≤0.05) increased plant growth, nodulation, yield and yield components of cowpea. The interaction effect of variety, Mesorhizobia loti and watering regimes caused significant variations in the number of nodules, leaf area, number of seeds/pod and seed yield. The nitrogen and crude protein content in the leaf differed among the cowpea varieties evaluated. Application of mesorhizobium strain significantly increased seed yield of cowpea and caused substantial increase in nodulation and this subsequently affected the Nitrogen fixation potential of cowpea under varying soil moisture regimes.
The ethanol extracts of Ficus asperifolia, Mormordica charantia, Anacardium
occidentals and Psidium guajava were evaluated sole and in treatment combinations at 25, 50 and
75mg ml-1 concentration levels against the mycelial growth of Macrophomina phaseolina of
Cowpea. The pathogen was cultured on plates containing botanicals amended Potato Dextrose
Agar (PDA) in three replicates while only ethanol treated PDA tested plates served the control
experiment. The radial growths were recorded at 4th, 6th and 8th day after inoculation. Data
obtained were analysed using the SAS software program version 9.2. The extract of Mormordica
charantia was the most effective in the botanical treatments alone. The most significant inhibition
of Macrophomina phaseolina were observed from the combined treatments of Ficus asperifolia,
Mormordica charantia and Anacardium occidentals (3.11 cm), followed by Mormordica
charantia and Psidium guajava (3.29 cm), then combination of four extracts; Ficus asperifolia,
Mormordica charantia, Anacardium occidentals and Psidium guajava (3.53 cm), then
Mormordica charantia and Anacardium occidentals (3.84 cm). Other treatments, either alone or in
combination produced significant result compared to the control experiment (6.94 cm). However,
the efficacy of botanicals increased with concentration and also significantly correlated with time
and reduction in mycelia extension of the pathogen. More so, variability in the antifungicidal
potentials of the botanicals on Macrophomina phaseolina ranges from 15.93% to 34.06%
according to Eigen proportions. The treatment combinations of; Ficus asperifolia, Mormordica
charantia and Anacardium occidentals at 75mg ml-1 concentration level produced the most
inhibitory effect against Macrophomina phaseolina in vitro. However, the untreated plates did not
show inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of the pathogen. Therefore, combined treatments of
botanicals could be a potential source in the practice of plant disease control.
An attempt was made to study the Cytogenetical effects of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate on meiotic chromosomal abnormalities in two cultivars viz., PKV-1 and JS-335. The most frequently observed aberrations in meiosis were univalents, trivalent, multivalents chromosomal fragments, desynapsis of chromosome, laggards, and clumping of chromosomes etc. The physical mutagens were more effective than chemical mutagens. The effect of gamma-rays and ethyl methane sulphonate shows chlorophyll mutations such as Chlorina, Xantha, Albina, and Alboviridis in an M2 generation in both the cultivars. Cultivar JS-335 shows more pronounced effect than cultivar PKV-1. Gamma-rays recorded maximum macro mutations as compared to chemical mutagens (EMS). The frequency and spectrum of morphological mutation indicated that variety JS-335 was more sensitive than PKV-1. Different response of the two varieties to various mutagens was noticed. Key-words- Gamma radiation, EMS, Chromosomal aberrations, Mutagens, Chlorophyll mutation
Genetic Variability in Proximate, Mineral, Vitamin, Carotene and Anti Nutrien...ijtsrd
is study aimed to evaluate genotypic variability in twenty fluted pumpkin Telfairia occidentalis accessions for nutrient composition and anti nutrient contents. The trials were in Teaching and Research Fields of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State and Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campus, Akwa Ibom State, laid in Randomized Complete Block Design RCBD with three replications. Analysis of variance was used to partition the variability into the components due to genetic and non environmental factors, genetic GCV , phenotypic PCV and environmental ECV components of variation, estimates of broad sense heritability h2Bs and Genetic advance GA . High range of variability and high genetic variance were observed for all the traits in both locations. Close differences between genotypic and phenotypic variances and genotypic, phenotypic and environmental coefficient of variations were observed for all the traits. The lower variances observed indicates that the genotypic component was the major contributor to the total variances for the characters in both locations. In Obio Akpa moderate broad sense heritability and genetic advance was observed which indicated the influence of environmental variance is more than genetic variance. Based on the parameters observed, considerable selection program for the improvement of these traits is possible in Telfairia occidentalis. Udo Imo Okon | Ekpoke Okurube Silver | Nwofia Godson Emeka "Genetic Variability in Proximate, Mineral, Vitamin, Carotene and Anti-Nutrients Content of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia Occidentalis Hook F)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52001.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/52001/genetic-variability-in-proximate-mineral-vitamin-carotene-and-antinutrients-content-of-fluted-pumpkin-telfairia-occidentalis-hook-f/udo-imo-okon
Genetic resistance to drought and aflatoxin contamination in groundnuts in ce...Abadi Getahun
This poster presentation highlights the results gained from the experiment conducted at Rama, central zone of Tigray with the aim to screen different groundnut genotypes for their resistance to drought and natural aflatoxin contamination.
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical compounds in Normal and root gall of Ok...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Micropropagation of Santalum Album L. Sandalwoodijtsrd
An efficient plant regeneration protocol was developed for Santalum album L. Santalaceae , an economically important species. Plant regeneration was achieved using nodal explants and leaf disc on Murashige and Skoog MS medium for direct shoot regeneration. Effect of Plant Growth Regulators PGR like 6 Benzyl Adenine BA , Kinetin KN and 2 Isopentenyl adenine 2 iP on shoot initiation 2 Isopentenyl adenine and Gibberellic acid GA3 for shoot elongation and multiple shoot formation and Indole 3 Butyric Acid IBA and a Naphthalene Acetic Acid NAA for rooting was studied. Among the explants tested for shoot induction, nodal segments proved good results. The best treatment for obtaining shoot induction was 3.0mg L BAP and for rooting 1 mg L of IBA was found to be the best treatment combination for maximum sprouting of shoot and rooting. After six the rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening, 20 of plantlets survived and resumed growth in the mixture of soil, vermiculite and sand 1 1 1 . S. Aghi Zion Inbakani | S. Sathishkumar | Bakan Jagdish Sudhakar "Micropropagation of Santalum Album L. (Sandalwood)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43698.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/biotechnology/43698/micropropagation-of-santalum-album-l-sandalwood/s-aghi-zion-inbakani
Genetic and Morphological Diversity Analysis of Ethiopian Mustard (Brasica ca...Premier Publishers
Growing of Ethiopian mustard, as an oilseed and leaf vegetable require genetic improvement which relies on its genetic diversity. The experiment was executed to analyse genetic and morphological diversity of Ethiopian mustard land races at Holetta agricultural research center. Forty-nine genotypes collected from different agro ecologies were analyzed using morphological traits in order to assess the genetic and morphological diversity that exists in these materials. The experiment was carried out in a simple lattice design. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among genotypes for all traits compared except seed yield per plant, fresh leaf biomass per plant topped at 40, 50 and 60 days of growth and number of intact leaves at flowering. The significant difference indicates the existence of genetic variability among the accessions that is important for selection and breeding. For yield component traits, high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variations was observed in seed yield per plot and oil yield. This shows that selection of these traits based on phenotype, may be useful for yield improvement. The highest heritability in broad sense was recorded for thousand seed weight(68.80%), followed by days to flowering (65.91%), stand percent (63.14%), linolenic acid (62.58%), days to maturity(60.43%), plant height (59.63%), palmitic (58.19%), linoleic (57.46%),leaf area (52..09%), oil content (50.33%), leaf width (48.29%),leaf length(46.28%), oil yield(44.84%), fresh leaf biomass at 50 days of topping(43.40%), seed yield per plot(42.99%), number of leaves at vegetative state(40.48%), seed yield of 50 days growth stage topped plants(38.85%) and primary branches (34.20%). This suggests that large proportion of the total variance was due to high genotypic variance. Hence, a good progress can be made if some of these traits are considered as selection criteria for the improvement of yield, yield component and vegetative traits. The present study revealed the presence of considerable variability among genotypes for all traits compared except seed yield per plant, fresh leaf biomass per plant topped at 40,50 and 60 days of growth and number of intact leaves at flowering. These conditions indicate that there is good opportunity to improve these characters using the tested genotypes.
Ultraviolet (UV) light has strong genotoxic effect to induce mutations for developing high genetic variability in yields, early maturity and other characters in crops. The study investigated the mutagenic effects of UV radiation on growth, yield, agronomic and mutation tolerance of six maize cultivars. Maize seeds were exposed to UV radiation, and planted in 7 kg soils in the polythene bags, while unexposed served as control. The effect of UV radiation on the first order interaction between weeks after planting (WAP) and treatments was only significant (p<0.05) height="true"><0.05)><0.05)><0.05)><0.01) with leaf length, leaf width and number of leaves with r = 0.95, 0.96, 0.89 respectively. Only the periods of exposure of the UV radiation was positive and strongly correlated with leaf width (r = 0.79). The association between the stover weight and periods of exposure was positive and insignificant, while the correlation between total numbers of grains and grain weight per stand was positive and strong (r = 0.99). Therefore, quality protein maize cultivars should be improved by introgression of favourable genes of drought tolerance, grain yield and related characters through induced mutation of UV radiation.
Growth and yield of 12 accessions of Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) as influenced ...Innspub Net
Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) has gained important commercial status in Nigeria due to its nutritional, medicinal and health benefits. In recent times, there is a growing preference for pure organic food due to the envisaged health and environmental benefits. Thus, a study was carried out on 12 selected accessions of pawpaw evaluated under three poultry manure (PM) application rates at the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The field experiment was a split plot in randomized complete block design of three replications. The main plot treatment was three PM application rates (0, 5 and 10 t ha-1) and the sub-plot treatment was 12 accessions of pawpaw. Accession Ijm-Cl-Ro significantly (p<0.05) produced the tallest plants (71.7, 87.3, 108.3, 127.4 and 150.0cm) at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months after transplanting (MAT), respectively. It had the greatest number of fruits (9.3) at 11 months after the onset of fruit formation, maximum fruit weight (7.15kg) and the highest fruit yield (23.83 t ha-1). Increasing PM rate increased growth traits of the pawpaw plants. Interaction of manure rate × accession on most of the growth attributes varied greatly, but showed no significant difference on yield traits. The accession Ijm-Cl-Ro with the application of 10 t ha-1 of PM which produced the best growth and highest fruit yield is recommended for improved productivity of pawpaw. The control plot produced no fruit throughout the study period, suggesting that manure application is crucial for sustained yield of pawpaw in the study area.
Detection of Genetic variation in tissue culture clones of date palm using IS...IJSRD
Date palm is a plant having high nutritional value and long life (yielding up to 100 years). Phoenix dactylifera requires 2-5 males for pollination of 100 females’ plant depending up on genetic and environment factors. Therefore paternity variation expected to very low according to PCR based techniques, Even though we have tried to find out genetic variation among tissue culture cloned plant. Tissue culture technique can be used for genetic improvement of date palm. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic variation in the tissue culture clones of date palm by using ISSR primers among mother and it’s two clones. The plant DNA was extracted and subjected to detection of genetic variation in two groups of date palm using ISSR primers. In this study ISSR primers produced monomorphic bands within group-1 and group-2. Genetic variation in tissue culture clones of date palm was not detecte by UBC primer series.
Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Explant Type on Multiple Shoot Induc...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Sesamum indicum L. is used as an important oil crop in the world. For establishing of a simple and a rapid system for in vitro culture of sesame shoot tips and hypocotyls explants were cultured on MS media with differtent combinations and concentrations of PGRs. On medium with 5 mgl-1BA plus 1 mgl-1 IAA and 1 mgl-1 ABA mutliple shoot induction on explants was occurred. Multiple shoot indution on medium supplemented with 2 mgl-1BA and 0.3 mgl-1 NAA happen with a short phase of callusing. Also MS medium with 3 mgl-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mgl-1 kinetin was a suitable medium for inducing of somatic embryogenic calli with the frequency of sub-culturing potential. Regenerated shoots on both media rooted on MS medium plus 1.5 mgl-1 NAA and 0.03 mgl-1 BA and whole regenerated plantlets formed.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
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considered a valuable tool, from which varieties could
be developed that is economically important.
(Jayamaryet al., 1995). Therefore, the present
investigation was undertaken with the objective to
study the effects of chemical mutagen ethyl methane
sulphonatein creating variability that can be exploited
to an advantage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Study area
The study was conducted at the Teaching and
Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science,
University of Nigeria, Nsukka Nigeria. It is located at
Latitude 06o
52`N; Longitude 07o
24`E, and altitude of
447.2 above sea level. Nsukka is in the derived
savannah agro-ecological zone with vegetation
predominantly of grasses interspersed with trees.
The experimental material is a popular Bambara
groundnut landrace, ’Caro’ which is highly cherished
in Nigeria
Experimental design
The experiment was laid out in a 5 x 3 factorial in
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in
three replications. The factors were ethyl methane
sulphonate concentrations; 0.01%, 0.1%,0.25 %,
0.5% and soaking duration; 6, 12 and 24 hours. The
treatment combinations were: T0 = control, T1 =
0.01% 6 h, T2 = 0.1% 6 h, T3 = 0.25% 6 h, T4 = 0.5%
6 h, T5 = 0.01% 12 h and T6 = 0.1% 12 h,
T7=0.25%12 h, T8=0.5%12 h, T9=0.01%24 h,
T10=0.1% 24 h, T11=0.25% 24 h and T12=0.5% 24 h).
The seedlings were sown directly at a spacing of 0.5m
by 1m. The following parameters were recorded: days
to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, number of
flowers per plant, number of leaves, number of nodes
per plant, number of stems per plant, plant spread,
plant height, number of branches per plant, pod
length, pod width, number of pods per plant, number
of seeds per plant, seed length, seed width and seed
yield were measured.
Data Analysis
The data collected were subjected to Analysis of
variance (ANOVA) using GenStat statistical package
12th edition. Significant differences means were
separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at
5% level of probability.
RESULTS
Six (6) qualitative morphological traits as outlined in
the descriptors for Bambara groundnut developed by
the International Bambara Groundnut Network
(IPGRI, IITA, BAMNET, 2000) were used to
characterize the landrace CaroBambara groundnut.
The results as displayed in figure 1 below showing
that these qualitative morphological descriptors
showed a varying degree of differentiation among the
Bambara groundnut land race evaluated. In fact a
reasonable number of the qualitative characters
showed high variability among the treated Caro
studied. The eye pattern of the Caro showed
variability of the morphological trait. The
predominant ground colour of eye was the white
hilum of eye with black tinge.
Leaves were all compound leaves with three leaflets
(trifoliate). They were attached to the stem by the
petiole which was long, erect, grooved and thickened
at the base. However, leaf colour differed among the
treated and ranged from light to dark green, likewise
leaf veins were pigmented red or whole green. Leaves
were pinnately trifoliate. Two stipels were subtend to
the terminal leaflet, while only one was assigned to
each of the two lateral leaflets. The oval leaflets were
attached to the ranchis with marked pulvini. Four and
five leaflets were observed in this study. The terminal
leaflets was larger than the lateral leaflets and were
observed to have slight differences in shapes; oval,
lanceolate, elliptic and round.
Figure 1: Testa colours of Bambara groundnuts showing variabilities
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(A) (b)
Figure 2: Examples of different leaflets formed at different concentrations in EMS-induced bambara
groundnut population. Selected mutant leaflets were presented to illustrate the diversity mutations
observed from this Bambara groundnut mutagenized population.
A = Four leaflets B = Five leaflets
Figure 3: Mutants of terminal leaflet shape induced by ethyl methane sulphonate.
A = Round B = Oval C = Elliptic D = Lanceolate
Result presented in Table 1 showed that ethyl methane sulphonate concentrations had significant effect (p<0.05)
on the days to first flowering, 50% flowering, number of flowers per plant, number of pods and reproductive
efficiency. However there were no significant differences (p>0.05) on number of aborted pods. 0.5%
concentration of EMS had the highest number of flowers (16) per plant and least number of aborted pods (1) per
plant. Similarly 0.25% concentration of EMS recorded the highest reproductive efficiency (82). However in
other parameters (days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering and number of pods per plant) control had the
best result of 40 days, 34 days and 7 in that order.
Table1: Effect of different concentrations of ethyl methane sulphonate in M1 generation on first
flowering, 50% flowering, number of flowers per plant, number of pods per plant, number of aborted
pods and reproductive efficiency
Concentrations
of mutagen
Days to
first
flowering
Days
to 50%
flowering
Number
of flowers
per plant
Number
of pods
per plant
Number
of aborted
pods
Reproductive
efficiency
0.01 42.00 38.16 9.08 8.49 0.59 93.50
0.1 46.05 41.82 7.15 4.63 2.52 64.76
0.25 50.04 45.08 7.33 6.02 1.31 82.13
0.5 52.40 41.40 16.20 2.27 13.93 14.01
Control 33.93 34.20 11.20 6.67 4.53 59.55
LSD(0.05) 0.61 0.55 0.52 0.35 19.26 62.79
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EMS concentrations had significant effect (p<0.05) on number of branches, number of leaves, nodes, plant
height, plant spread, number of stems, number of pods per plant, pod length and pod width, (Table 2).
Concentration 0.01% caused highest number of leaves while concentration 0.5% caused the least number of
leaves. 0.1% concentration of EMS resulted to the highest number of nodes per plant while 0.25% concentration
resulted to the least number of nodes per plant. Control obtained the highest number of stems per plant while
0.5% concentration resulted to the least number of stems per plant. Concentration 0.01% had the highest plant
spread and highest plant height while 0.5% concentration recorded the least plant spread and least plant height.
Concentration 0.01% triggered the highest number of branches per plant and highest pod width while 0.25%
concentration produced the least number of branches per plant and the least pod width.
Table 2: Effect of ethyl methane sulphonate concentrations in M1 generation on the number of
branches per plant, number of leaves, number of nodes per plant, plant height, plant spread and
number of stems per plant, pod length and pod width
Concentrations
of mutagen
Number
of
branches
per plant
N umber
of leaves
per
plant
Number
of
nodes per
plant
Plant
heigh
t (cm)
Plant
spread
(cm)
Number
of stems
per plant
Pod
length
(cm)
Pod
width
(cm)
0.01 5.03 41.74 5.22 25.31 16.00 23.42 2.15 0.62
0.1 4.24 15.88 6.19 22.07 6.80 18.69 2.15 0.57
0.25 4.15 27.42 5.14 20.34 8.21 20.13 1.54 0.54
0.5 4.53 15.83 5.20 15.13 6.02 15.47 1.58 0.56
Control 4.87 40.60 5.93 24.64 12.15 30.00 2.17 0.58
LSD (0.05) 0.35 0.67 0.33 0.18 0.06 0.65 0..03 0.02
Table 3 showed that the different concentrations of EMS showed significant (p<0.05) effect on seed length, seed
width and seed yield but no significant (p>0.05) effect on number of seeds per plant. The highest number of
seeds was observed for 0.5% concentration and control. Concentration 0.1% caused the least number of seeds.
Control had the longest seed length while concentration 0.1% had the shortest seed length. Concentration 0.5%
caused the highest seed width while 0.1% concentration and control had the least seed width. While 0.1%
concentration of EMS caused the highest seed yield, the least yield was observed for 0.25% concentration.
Table 3: Effect of ethyl methane sulphonate concentrations in M1 generation on the number of seeds
per plant, seed length, seed width and seed yield
Concentrations
of mutagen
Number of
seeds per plant
Seed length
(cm)
Seed width
(cm)
Seed yield/(g)
0.01 1.16 1.70 0.68 9.41
0.1 0.97 1.53 0.59 43.54
0.25 1.10 1.54 0.63 6.33
0.5 1.33 1.61 0.69 10.51
control 1.33 1.71 0.59 9.15
LSD (0.05) ns 0.04 0.04 0.08
ns = not significant
The result in Table 4 showed that soaking duration in ethyl methane sulphonate had significant effect (p<0.05)
on days to first flowering, 50% flowering, number of flowers per plant, number of pods, number of aborted pods
and reproductive efficiency. Soaking duration of 6 hours triggered early flowering in Bambara groundnut while
soaking duration of 12 hours resulted in late flowering. Similarly 12 hours soaking duration caused the longest
days to 50% flowering while soaking duration of 24 hours caused the shortest days to 50% flowering. The
soaking duration that recorded the highest number of flowers per plant was 24 hours while the least was obtained
for 12 hours soaking durations. Soaking duration of 6 hours caused the highest number of pods per plant while
soaking duration of 12 hours caused the least number of pods per plant. Similarly soaking duration of 24 hours
produced the highest number of aborted pods while 12 hours soaking duration had the least. The highest
reproductive efficiency was obtained for 6 hours soaking duration while soaking duration of 24 hours caused the
least reproductive efficiency.
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Table 4: Effect of soaking durations in ethyl methane sulphonate on the days to first flowering, 50%
flowering, number of flowers per plant, number of pods per plant, number of aborted pods per plant
and Reproductive efficiency
Soaking
durations
of mutagen
Days to
first
flowering
Days to
50%
flowering
Number of
flowers per
plant
Number of
pods per
plant
Number of
aborted
pods
Reproductive
efficiency
6 37.84 38.00 7.00 4.84 2.16 144.62
12 49.14 50.13 4.34 3.26 1.08 133.12
24 47.68 32.27 22.48 5.50 16.98 24.46
LSD(0.05) 0.47 0.42 0.40 0.27 8.90 100.73
Soaking durations had significant effect (p<0.05) on number of leaves, nodes per plant, plant spread, plant height
and number of branches, pod length, pod width and number of pods per plant (Table 5). Soaking duration of 6
hours caused the highest number of leaves while the least number of leaves was obtained for soaking duration of
24 hours. The highest number of nodes and the highest number of stems per plant was observed for 24 hours
soaking duration and 6 hours soaking duration respectively. Soaking duration of 12 hours caused the least
number of stems per plant. Soaking duration of 12 hours resulted to the highest plant spread while soaking
duration of 24 hours caused the least plant spread. Soaking duration of 6 hours produced highest plant height
while soaking duration of 24 hours caused the least plant height. The highest and the least number of branches
were obtained for 24 and 12 hours of soaking duration respectively. Similarly soaking duration of 6 hours and 24
hours resulted in the highest pod length and the least pod length respectively. Soaking duration of 12 hours
caused highest pod width while soaking duration of 6 hours caused the least pod width.
Table 5: Effect of soaking duration in ethyl methane sulphonate on the number of branches, number
of leaves, number of nodes, plant height, plant spread, number of stems, number of pods, pod length
and pod width
Soaking
durations
of mutagen
Number of
branches
per plant
Number
of leaves
per plant
Number of
nodes per
plant
Plant
height
(cm)
Plant
spread
(cm)
Number
of stems
per plant
Pod
length
(cm)
Pod
width
(cm)
6 4.52 34.92 5.28 26.44 10.31 23.24 1.93 0.54
12 4.31 25.28 5.49 23.24 11.40 19.87 1.92 0.63
24 4.85 24.69 5.84 14.80 7.80 21.51 1.90 0.55
LSD(0.05) 0.27 0.52 0.25 0.14 0.05 0.50 0.03 0.02
Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed on the effect of soaking durations on seed length, seed width and
seed yield. On the contrary no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed on number of seeds per plant (Table 6).
Soaking duration of 6 hours caused the highest number of seeds per plant while soaking duration of 12 hours
caused the least number of seeds per plant. Similarly 12 hours soaking duration had the highest seed length as
against 6 hours soaking duration that had the least seed length. The highest and the least seed width were
observed for soaking duration of 12 and 6 hours respectively Soaking duration of 6 hours resulted to the highest
seed yield while 12 hours of soaking caused the least seed yield.
Table 6: Effect of soaking duration in ethyl methane sulphonate on the number of seeds per plant,
seed length, seed width and seed yield
Soaking durations of
mutagen
Number of
seeds per plant
Seed length
(cm)
Seed width
(cm)
Seed
yield/(g)
6 1.24 1.59 0.54 25.66
12 1.13 1.65 0.69 10.83
24 1.17 1.61 0.68 10.88
LSD (0.05) ns 0.03 0.03 0.07
ns = not significant
DISCUSSION
Seeds treated with ethyl methane sulphonate
displayed a variety of potential mutations in this
study. This may be due to the pleiotropic impact of
mutated genes (Muhammad et al., 2021).
Out of the nine qualitative morphological descriptors
used in this study, the highest variability was
observed for hilum phenotype of eye. Other
qualitative morphological features that showed some
variation among the Bambara groundnut Caro were
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leaflet shape. These results have some implication in
breeding and selection programmes for crop
improvement in Bambara groundnut. It has been
reported that selection is effective only when
significant genetic variability exits in high frequency
among the genotypes (Adebisiet al., 2001;
Nwakucheet al., 2019). Several other works have
reported substantial level of variation in qualitative
morphological characters in Bambara groundnut
(Mohammed, 2014; Siise and Massawe, 2013;
Nwakucheet al., 2019).
In this study the result on number of days to first
flowering ranged from 33 to 52. These figures of days
to first flowering were within the range of the result
of days to flowering without treating the seed with
ethyl methane sulphonate. This is contrary to the
report of a previous study (Ouedraogoet al.,
2008).they reported that flowering in Bambara
groundnut ranged from 32 to 42 days after sowing.
Seemingly these values were similar, only that in the
present investigation higher number of days to first
flowering was recorded. The reason the number of
days to flowering was between 33 to 52 days is
because EMS enhances genetic variability. The
variation also of the days to flowering among the
mutant might be due to genotypic factor as well as the
environmental conditions that prevailed during the
crop growth period (Shegroet al.,2013). Swanevelder
(1997) also reported several variations in days to
flowering among Bambara groundnut accessions.
Similar result was reported in Sesame, Cowpea and
Mungbean (Menashet al., (2007), Pavadai and
Dhanavel (2004), Khan and Wani (2005).
Concentrations had significant effect on number of
leaves, nodes, plant spread, plant height and number
of branches, number of pods per plant, pod length and
pod width. The reason concentration of ethyl methane
sulphonate produced better result than control is
because Ethyl methane sulphonate significantly
improved the performance and create variability of
the Bambara groundnut. This is in agreement with the
results reported by other workers in Sesame
(Prabhakar, 1998; Rajathi, 2008) and in Cowpea
(Banuet al., 2005). Similar results were also observed
in Soybean (Cheng and Chandlee, 1999) and in other
plants like black gram.
The number of pods obtained in this studyis higher in
some other studies and similar in some other studies.
The reason for higher number of pods in this study
was due to lower concentration and soaking duration
of EMS. From this result obtained, plant height
treated with lower concentration of EMS recorded
significant increase. EMS has been shown to be the
most potent of the chemical mutagen and alkylating
agent (Muhammad et al., 2021). This finding agrees
with Mensahet al., (1992) working on the mutagenic
effects of hydroxylamine and streptomycin on growth
and seed yield of cowpea (Vignaunguiculata (L.)
Who reported that, the lower concentration had higher
shoot length than higher concentration had higher
shoot-length. This also agrees with work done by
Ajayiet al., (2010) who reported reduced variability
as the level of EMS increases.
Number of pods per plant reported is contrary to the
values reported by Masindeni (2006). The
observation is similar with the past results from
Stoilovaet al. (2013).
Concentrations obtained significant effect on seed
length, width and seed yield but no significant
(p>0.05) effect on number of seeds per plant. The
reason concentration of ethyl methane sulphonate
produced better result than control is because Ethyl
methane sulphonate significantly improvedthe
performance and create variability of the Bambara
groundnut. Such observations were reported by
previous workers in soybean (Dhole et al., 2003;
Pavadai and Dhanavel, 2004 and 2005; Pavadai,
2006). Similar observations were also made in other
plants like black gram (Arulbalachandran, 2006),
Cowpea (Odeigahet al., 1998) and Sesame (Sengupta
and Datta, 2004).
The result on number of seeds per plant was low and
in the same range with other studies because higher
dosage and treatment combinations for the EMS
treated plants showed higher death. The result on
number of seeds per plant was similar to others such
as Berchieet al. (2012) and Mabhaudiet al. (2013)
which all reported reduced seed yield in Bambara
groundnut landraces in response to limited water
availability under field conditions. On the contrary
seed yield result of this study was contrary to report
of Nuraet al. (2013) on the mutagenic effect of
colchicine on Pigeon peas (SesamumindicumL.). In
the EMS-treated plants, higher dose and treatment
period combinations resulted in higher death and
lower yield in the plant attributes. Similar findings
were made with EMS-treated fenugreek seeds, where
no callus cultures developed when treated with EMS
concentrations greater than 1% (Muhammad et al.,
2021).
Soaking durations had significant effect on the
number of days to first flowering, 50% flowering,
number of flowers per plant, internode length, petiole
length, peduncle length, terminal leafletlengthand
terminal leaflet width and no significant effect
(p>0.05) days to maturity. The reason for the
significant is because the shorter
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the soaking duration, the more genetic variability of
ethyl methane sulphonate on the parameter measured.
This is in agreement with Adebayo (2014), who
reported increase in protein, ash, fat content of lima
bean that were soaked for 12hr, 36hr and 24hr
respectively. This finding implies that the mineral
contents of the samples decreased as the soaking time
progressed.
Soaking duration had significant effect (p<0.05) on
number of leaves, nodes, plant spread, plant height
and number of branches, number of pods per plant,
pod length and pod width. The reason is that the
lower the soaking duration, the more variability
obtained on parameter measured which is in
agreement with Adebayo (2014) who observed
significant difference in the moisture content of all
the samples studied, the moisture content of samples
soaked for 6hr. The result of the effect of soaking
time decreased with increasing soaking time was
reported by (Obizoba and Atii, 1991) in sorghum and
(Adebayo, 2014) lima bean respectively on the
parameter measured. This finding was not surprising
because the lower the soaking time, the more
variation. Obasi and Wogu (2008) reported similar
finding in a work they carried out on maize. Such
observations were also reported by previous workers
in Soybean (Dhole et al., 2003; Pavadai, 2006) and
sesame (Sengupta and Datta, 2004). Results reported
in Sesame (Mensahet al., 2007) and
Trigonellafoenumfraeum(Datta and Biswa, 1988)
showed significant difference in the number of leaves
per plant. The same researches on Sesame (Mensahet
al., 2007) and Trigonellafoenumfraeumin number of
branches per plant showed significant difference.
Number of pods per plant reported was contrary to
the values reported by Masindeni (2006).
Soaking duration obtained significant (p<0.05) effect
on seed length, width and seed yield but no
significant (p>0.05) effect on number of seeds per
plant. This revealed that variations existed among the
treated Caro in respect to morphological traits studied
might be due to ethyl methane sulphonate used.
The number of seeds per plant result is contrary to
that of Nuraet al. (2013) who studied the mutagenic
effect of colchicine on pigeon peas
(SesamumindicumL.). These results are similar to
others such as Berchieet al. (2012) and Mabhaudiet
al. (2013) which all reported reduced seed yield in
Bambara groundnut landraces in response to limited
water availability under field conditions. Seed yield
results is also contrary to the reported result by
Rangaswamy, 1973 in sesame; soybean in Pavadai
and Dhanavel, 2004; cowpea in Banuet al., 2005.
CONCLUSION
The use of chemical mutagen in crop improvements
has been reported in a number of species (Ojomo and
Chheda1972, Biswas andDutta 1988). In this study,
Ethyl methane sulphonate were observed to cause
variation in most traits in the Caro landrace Bambara
groundnut studied. Concentration 0.1%- and 6-hours’
time of exposure to EMS performed best for most
traits. In general, the dose of a chemical mutagenic
treatment comprises several parameters, of which the
most important are concentrations, duration of
treatments and temperature during treatment (Udensi
and Ontui, 2013).
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