The document discusses the Indian Constitution. It begins by defining what a constitution is, noting that it is the supreme law of the land and establishes the structure of government and its relationship to citizens. It then discusses why constitutions are needed, outlining functions like providing basic rules, specifying who holds power, setting limits on government power, and enabling the government to fulfill its duties. The document goes on to summarize the history and framing of the Indian Constitution, noting key people and concepts it drew from other constitutions around the world. It concludes by defining the key aspects and features of the Constitution of India.
1) The document summarizes the framing of the Constitution of India. It describes how the Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946 to draft the constitution after independence.
2) Key figures like Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar played important roles as the President and Chairman of the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly.
3) Over the course of 166 days spread over nearly 3 years, the Assembly deliberated and drafted the constitution, borrowing elements from several other countries. It was finally adopted on November 26, 1949.
This document provides an overview of the Constitution of India. It discusses that the Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world, containing 395 articles across 22 parts. Key points include:
- The Constitution establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and outlines the framework of government.
- It was drafted by the Constituent Assembly over a period of 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days, and came into effect on January 26, 1950.
- The Constitution has its origins in the Government of India Acts passed by the British Parliament and was significantly influenced by the experiences of the Indian independence movement.
This document provides an overview of the structure and contents of the Constitution of India. It summarizes that the Constitution consists of a preamble, 25 parts with 448 articles, 12 schedules, and 5 appendices. It has been amended 98 times. The parts cover topics like the union, states, citizens, fundamental rights and duties. The schedules provide additional details on states, salaries, oaths and more. The appendices relate to Jammu and Kashmir.
EVERY THING ABOUT THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION YOU WANTED TO KNOW YOU WILL GET HERE SO GO AND CHECK IT OUT... INDIAN CONSTITUTION FAMOUS EVERY WHERE FOR ITS STABILITY..
Indian Constitution and Polity of IndiaSamanway Bera
Precise presentation of Indian Polity and Indian Constitution. Best for Indian Polity PPT for UPSC and state PSCs. Simple but very important points are chalked out for students to know the constitution of India.
1) The document summarizes the framing of the Constitution of India. It describes how the Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946 to draft the constitution after independence.
2) Key figures like Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar played important roles as the President and Chairman of the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly.
3) Over the course of 166 days spread over nearly 3 years, the Assembly deliberated and drafted the constitution, borrowing elements from several other countries. It was finally adopted on November 26, 1949.
This document provides an overview of the Constitution of India. It discusses that the Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world, containing 395 articles across 22 parts. Key points include:
- The Constitution establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and outlines the framework of government.
- It was drafted by the Constituent Assembly over a period of 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days, and came into effect on January 26, 1950.
- The Constitution has its origins in the Government of India Acts passed by the British Parliament and was significantly influenced by the experiences of the Indian independence movement.
This document provides an overview of the structure and contents of the Constitution of India. It summarizes that the Constitution consists of a preamble, 25 parts with 448 articles, 12 schedules, and 5 appendices. It has been amended 98 times. The parts cover topics like the union, states, citizens, fundamental rights and duties. The schedules provide additional details on states, salaries, oaths and more. The appendices relate to Jammu and Kashmir.
EVERY THING ABOUT THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION YOU WANTED TO KNOW YOU WILL GET HERE SO GO AND CHECK IT OUT... INDIAN CONSTITUTION FAMOUS EVERY WHERE FOR ITS STABILITY..
Indian Constitution and Polity of IndiaSamanway Bera
Precise presentation of Indian Polity and Indian Constitution. Best for Indian Polity PPT for UPSC and state PSCs. Simple but very important points are chalked out for students to know the constitution of India.
This document provides information about the Indian constitution through a series of questions and answers. It discusses key topics like the chief architect of the constitution (Dr. B.R. Ambedkar), the first attempt to frame a constitution for India (Nehru Report), concepts borrowed from other constitutions, and important dates like when the constitution was adopted (November 26, 1949) and came into force (January 26, 1950). It also summarizes the structure of the constitution including the number of articles, parts and schedules (444, 24, 12 respectively) and highlights that India is described as a union of states under the constitution.
Constitution of india ppt prepared by sukhchain gilllligsinghh
1. The history of the Constitution of India began with the Edicts of Ashoka in the 3rd century BC, which established early constitutional principles for the Mauryan Empire.
2. In the 16th century, the British East India Company established control over India, eventually taking total administrative control after the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Over time, various Acts and laws shaped the constitutional framework under British rule.
3. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British government took direct control, and successive Acts from 1861-1935 gradually increased Indian representation and autonomy. Independence was achieved in 1947 through the Indian Independence Act.
4. The directly elected Constituent Assembly finalized the Constitution on
The document provides an overview of the Constitution of India, including:
- The Constitution was framed by the Constituent Assembly over a period of 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days, with the Assembly meeting for 166 days of deliberations.
- The Assembly adopted and enacted the Constitution on November 26, 1949, which came into effect on January 26, 1950, celebrated as Republic Day in India.
- The Preamble sets out the guiding principles of the Constitution, establishing India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and guaranteeing justice, liberty, equality and fraternity to all citizens.
The document provides an overview of the Indian Constitution. It discusses that a constitution is a written set of rules that defines the structure and powers of a government. It then outlines the history of the Indian Constitution, including how the Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946 to draft the constitution after independence from Britain. Key details on the drafting process over three years and the main features of the Indian Constitution are also summarized, such as its length, blend of flexibility and rigidity, and guarantee of fundamental rights and duties.
The document discusses the history of the Indian Constitution. It covers the development of the constitution from independence to the present day. However, no other details were provided in the document to summarize further in just 3 sentences.
The document provides background information on the drafting and formulation of the Constitution of India. Some key points:
- The Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly between 1946-1949 and adopted on January 26, 1950.
- It drew influence from several other constitutions like the British parliamentary system, fundamental rights from the US, directive principles of state policy from Ireland, and federalism from Canada.
- The Assembly met for 166 days over 2 years and 11 months before adopting the Constitution which has since been amended over 100 times.
- It has details on the various committees formed during the drafting process and parts of the Constitution covering topics like citizenship, fundamental rights, directive principles, emergency provisions, and amendment
Llb i choi u iii introduction to indian constitutionRai University
The Indian Constitution was created after independence from Britain in 1947. It was influenced by several other constitutions from around the world, including the British parliamentary system, U.S. concepts of judicial independence and fundamental rights, Canada's federal system, and Germany's emergency provisions. The constitution was drafted over three years by a committee chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. It was adopted on November 26, 1949 and enacted on January 26, 1950, establishing India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic with concepts of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity according to the preamble.
This document outlines the key constitutional developments in British India from the establishment of the East India Company in 1600 through Indian independence in 1947. It discusses the major Acts passed by the British Parliament that increasingly centralized authority over India, such as the Regulating Act of 1773, which created the role of Governor-General. It also summarizes the establishment of representative institutions through acts like the Government of India Act 1919, which introduced diarchy and separated central and provincial subjects. The document provides context for India's eventual independence by discussing the failure of constitutional reforms like the 1919 Act to satisfy demands for self-government.
The document provides an overview of the constitution of India, including:
1. The Constituent Assembly was elected to write India's constitution and served as the country's first parliament. It passed a resolution defining objectives like establishing a federal democratic republic.
2. Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was the first president of the Constituent Assembly, which had 385 members. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar chaired the drafting committee.
3. The Assembly met for over 2 years to draft the constitution, borrowing elements from several other countries. It was finally passed on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950.
The document summarizes key features of the Indian constitution. It notes that the constitution was drafted by the constituent assembly between 1946-1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950. It describes the constitution as the longest and most detailed in the world, with 395 articles and 12 schedules. Key features highlighted include it being the supreme law of India, guaranteeing fundamental rights and directive principles, and establishing India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic with universal adult suffrage.
This document provides an overview of the historical background and development of the Constitution of India. It discusses:
- The origins of constitutionalism in India dating back to 1600 with the establishment of trading centers by the East India Company.
- Key acts and reforms from the 1800s that gradually increased Indian representation and autonomy, such as the Government of India Acts of 1858, 1909, 1919 and 1935.
- The introduction of principles of federalism, separation of powers, and more power sharing between the central and provincial governments over time.
- The key features of the modern Indian Constitution including its preamble, articles, schedules, and amendments. It establishes India as a sovereign democratic republic with a complex system of government outlined
The Presentation will provide information on History of Constitution, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, Directive Principles of State Policy, etc...
What is a constitution: Making of Indian ConstitutionManisha Madhava
A constitution establishes the fundamental rules and principles that govern a nation. It lays out who holds power, how decisions are made, and limits on government power over citizens. The Indian Constitution was drafted by an elected Constituent Assembly over several years. It was informed by principles in the Objective Resolution to create a sovereign democratic republic that guarantees equality, liberty and justice for all people. The Constitution draws from other nations' models but adapted them to India's unique social, political and historical context.
The document discusses several key features of the Constitution of India, including that it is the longest written constitution in the world. It establishes a framework for the government and protects fundamental rights and duties of citizens. Some key features summarized are that it is a written, rigid yet flexible constitution that guarantees fundamental rights and establishes directive principles for governance, while also outlining fundamental duties of citizens.
OBJECTIVE
The scope of this webinar shall be confined to the historical backdrop of the Constitution of India and the events that led to the enactment of the Constitution with specific focus on the contributions by the Constituent Assembly and Drafting Committee. The Webinar shall further discuss on the Preamble of the Constitution of India with elaborate explanations on the key terms in the Preamble with their significance. The outline of the entire Indian Constitution is additionally touched upon to provide an insight about various articles and schedules forming part of the Constitution
The Krishna's PPT on Indian ConstitutionKrishna Gupta
The document summarizes key aspects of the Indian Constitution. It begins by defining what a constitution is, noting it establishes fundamental principles and procedures that govern a state. It then discusses the key features of the Indian Constitution, including that it is the longest written constitution in the world. It establishes India as a federal parliamentary democratic republic and outlines fundamental rights and directives. Key aspects included are federalism, parliamentary democracy, separation of powers, fundamental rights, and secularism. The document also notes Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar is regarded as the father of the Indian Constitution.
Constitution of india- A melting pot of constitutionsPrati Jain
The presentation talks about the formation of indian constitution, focusing on its various aspects as being inspired from various other constitutions of world. It was a class assignment. :)
This document discusses cultural and educational rights for minorities in India. It outlines that India has many religious, linguistic and caste-based minorities and that minorities still face discrimination and violence despite constitutional protections. It defines minorities as numerically smaller groups distinguished by shared characteristics. The constitution guarantees minorities the right to conserve their own culture under Article 29 and the right to establish and administer their own educational institutions under Article 30 to prevent discrimination. The purpose of these rights is to allow minorities to preserve their cultures while integrating into mainstream society and ensuring equal opportunities and secular education for all citizens.
This document discusses the fundamental duties of citizens in India as outlined in the constitution. It provides background on how fundamental duties were added to the constitution in 1976 based on recommendations from the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee. The duties aim to bring India's constitution in line with international agreements. While not judicially enforceable like fundamental rights, courts have referenced fundamental duties in several cases. The document also summarizes recommendations from a justice committee to further promote fundamental duties among citizens.
The document discusses Horace Mann's vision of the Common School, which was established in the 1830s as the precursor to today's public elementary school. It was proposed as a free, universal, and non-sectarian school system funded by taxes that would provide education to all children regardless of religion or social class. Mann was a key advocate who saw schools as a way to strengthen national unity, Americanize immigrants, and create productive democratic citizens. While some argued educating the poor was not the government's role, the Common School movement spread the idea of universal education.
This document provides information about the Indian constitution through a series of questions and answers. It discusses key topics like the chief architect of the constitution (Dr. B.R. Ambedkar), the first attempt to frame a constitution for India (Nehru Report), concepts borrowed from other constitutions, and important dates like when the constitution was adopted (November 26, 1949) and came into force (January 26, 1950). It also summarizes the structure of the constitution including the number of articles, parts and schedules (444, 24, 12 respectively) and highlights that India is described as a union of states under the constitution.
Constitution of india ppt prepared by sukhchain gilllligsinghh
1. The history of the Constitution of India began with the Edicts of Ashoka in the 3rd century BC, which established early constitutional principles for the Mauryan Empire.
2. In the 16th century, the British East India Company established control over India, eventually taking total administrative control after the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Over time, various Acts and laws shaped the constitutional framework under British rule.
3. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British government took direct control, and successive Acts from 1861-1935 gradually increased Indian representation and autonomy. Independence was achieved in 1947 through the Indian Independence Act.
4. The directly elected Constituent Assembly finalized the Constitution on
The document provides an overview of the Constitution of India, including:
- The Constitution was framed by the Constituent Assembly over a period of 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days, with the Assembly meeting for 166 days of deliberations.
- The Assembly adopted and enacted the Constitution on November 26, 1949, which came into effect on January 26, 1950, celebrated as Republic Day in India.
- The Preamble sets out the guiding principles of the Constitution, establishing India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and guaranteeing justice, liberty, equality and fraternity to all citizens.
The document provides an overview of the Indian Constitution. It discusses that a constitution is a written set of rules that defines the structure and powers of a government. It then outlines the history of the Indian Constitution, including how the Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946 to draft the constitution after independence from Britain. Key details on the drafting process over three years and the main features of the Indian Constitution are also summarized, such as its length, blend of flexibility and rigidity, and guarantee of fundamental rights and duties.
The document discusses the history of the Indian Constitution. It covers the development of the constitution from independence to the present day. However, no other details were provided in the document to summarize further in just 3 sentences.
The document provides background information on the drafting and formulation of the Constitution of India. Some key points:
- The Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly between 1946-1949 and adopted on January 26, 1950.
- It drew influence from several other constitutions like the British parliamentary system, fundamental rights from the US, directive principles of state policy from Ireland, and federalism from Canada.
- The Assembly met for 166 days over 2 years and 11 months before adopting the Constitution which has since been amended over 100 times.
- It has details on the various committees formed during the drafting process and parts of the Constitution covering topics like citizenship, fundamental rights, directive principles, emergency provisions, and amendment
Llb i choi u iii introduction to indian constitutionRai University
The Indian Constitution was created after independence from Britain in 1947. It was influenced by several other constitutions from around the world, including the British parliamentary system, U.S. concepts of judicial independence and fundamental rights, Canada's federal system, and Germany's emergency provisions. The constitution was drafted over three years by a committee chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. It was adopted on November 26, 1949 and enacted on January 26, 1950, establishing India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic with concepts of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity according to the preamble.
This document outlines the key constitutional developments in British India from the establishment of the East India Company in 1600 through Indian independence in 1947. It discusses the major Acts passed by the British Parliament that increasingly centralized authority over India, such as the Regulating Act of 1773, which created the role of Governor-General. It also summarizes the establishment of representative institutions through acts like the Government of India Act 1919, which introduced diarchy and separated central and provincial subjects. The document provides context for India's eventual independence by discussing the failure of constitutional reforms like the 1919 Act to satisfy demands for self-government.
The document provides an overview of the constitution of India, including:
1. The Constituent Assembly was elected to write India's constitution and served as the country's first parliament. It passed a resolution defining objectives like establishing a federal democratic republic.
2. Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was the first president of the Constituent Assembly, which had 385 members. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar chaired the drafting committee.
3. The Assembly met for over 2 years to draft the constitution, borrowing elements from several other countries. It was finally passed on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950.
The document summarizes key features of the Indian constitution. It notes that the constitution was drafted by the constituent assembly between 1946-1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950. It describes the constitution as the longest and most detailed in the world, with 395 articles and 12 schedules. Key features highlighted include it being the supreme law of India, guaranteeing fundamental rights and directive principles, and establishing India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic with universal adult suffrage.
This document provides an overview of the historical background and development of the Constitution of India. It discusses:
- The origins of constitutionalism in India dating back to 1600 with the establishment of trading centers by the East India Company.
- Key acts and reforms from the 1800s that gradually increased Indian representation and autonomy, such as the Government of India Acts of 1858, 1909, 1919 and 1935.
- The introduction of principles of federalism, separation of powers, and more power sharing between the central and provincial governments over time.
- The key features of the modern Indian Constitution including its preamble, articles, schedules, and amendments. It establishes India as a sovereign democratic republic with a complex system of government outlined
The Presentation will provide information on History of Constitution, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, Directive Principles of State Policy, etc...
What is a constitution: Making of Indian ConstitutionManisha Madhava
A constitution establishes the fundamental rules and principles that govern a nation. It lays out who holds power, how decisions are made, and limits on government power over citizens. The Indian Constitution was drafted by an elected Constituent Assembly over several years. It was informed by principles in the Objective Resolution to create a sovereign democratic republic that guarantees equality, liberty and justice for all people. The Constitution draws from other nations' models but adapted them to India's unique social, political and historical context.
The document discusses several key features of the Constitution of India, including that it is the longest written constitution in the world. It establishes a framework for the government and protects fundamental rights and duties of citizens. Some key features summarized are that it is a written, rigid yet flexible constitution that guarantees fundamental rights and establishes directive principles for governance, while also outlining fundamental duties of citizens.
OBJECTIVE
The scope of this webinar shall be confined to the historical backdrop of the Constitution of India and the events that led to the enactment of the Constitution with specific focus on the contributions by the Constituent Assembly and Drafting Committee. The Webinar shall further discuss on the Preamble of the Constitution of India with elaborate explanations on the key terms in the Preamble with their significance. The outline of the entire Indian Constitution is additionally touched upon to provide an insight about various articles and schedules forming part of the Constitution
The Krishna's PPT on Indian ConstitutionKrishna Gupta
The document summarizes key aspects of the Indian Constitution. It begins by defining what a constitution is, noting it establishes fundamental principles and procedures that govern a state. It then discusses the key features of the Indian Constitution, including that it is the longest written constitution in the world. It establishes India as a federal parliamentary democratic republic and outlines fundamental rights and directives. Key aspects included are federalism, parliamentary democracy, separation of powers, fundamental rights, and secularism. The document also notes Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar is regarded as the father of the Indian Constitution.
Constitution of india- A melting pot of constitutionsPrati Jain
The presentation talks about the formation of indian constitution, focusing on its various aspects as being inspired from various other constitutions of world. It was a class assignment. :)
This document discusses cultural and educational rights for minorities in India. It outlines that India has many religious, linguistic and caste-based minorities and that minorities still face discrimination and violence despite constitutional protections. It defines minorities as numerically smaller groups distinguished by shared characteristics. The constitution guarantees minorities the right to conserve their own culture under Article 29 and the right to establish and administer their own educational institutions under Article 30 to prevent discrimination. The purpose of these rights is to allow minorities to preserve their cultures while integrating into mainstream society and ensuring equal opportunities and secular education for all citizens.
This document discusses the fundamental duties of citizens in India as outlined in the constitution. It provides background on how fundamental duties were added to the constitution in 1976 based on recommendations from the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee. The duties aim to bring India's constitution in line with international agreements. While not judicially enforceable like fundamental rights, courts have referenced fundamental duties in several cases. The document also summarizes recommendations from a justice committee to further promote fundamental duties among citizens.
The document discusses Horace Mann's vision of the Common School, which was established in the 1830s as the precursor to today's public elementary school. It was proposed as a free, universal, and non-sectarian school system funded by taxes that would provide education to all children regardless of religion or social class. Mann was a key advocate who saw schools as a way to strengthen national unity, Americanize immigrants, and create productive democratic citizens. While some argued educating the poor was not the government's role, the Common School movement spread the idea of universal education.
Fundamental duties were added to the Indian constitution in 1976 based on recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee to promote patriotism and national unity. The duties, originally 10 but now 11, expect citizens to abide by the constitution, uphold national integrity, vote in elections, protect the environment and pay taxes. However, they are non-justiciable meaning courts cannot enforce them, but laws supporting duties can limit rights. The duties aim to remind Indians of their moral obligations to the nation.
The document discusses the six fundamental rights provided to all Indian citizens under the constitution: 1) Right to equality, 2) Right to freedom, 3) Right against exploitation, 4) Right to freedom of religion, 5) Cultural and educational rights, and 6) Right to constitutional remedies. It defines fundamental rights as basic human rights guaranteed to all citizens regardless of personal attributes. Each right is then further explained, with specifics around equality before the law, freedom of speech, abolition of untouchability, religious freedom, and preservation of minority languages and cultures. Citizens can approach courts to preserve these fundamental rights through writ petitions if they are denied.
This document discusses fundamental rights and duties in the Indian constitution. It provides an overview of the 6 fundamental rights - right to equality, freedom, against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural/educational rights, and constitutional remedies. It also outlines the 11 fundamental duties of citizens. A comparative analysis notes that fundamental rights are legally enforceable privileges, while fundamental duties are moral responsibilities and accountabilities. The conclusion calls for citizens to exercise their rights and duties to better society through unity and solidarity.
The document discusses the fundamental rights provided to citizens of India under Part III of the constitution. It summarizes the rights to equality, freedom, against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies. Some of the key rights mentioned include right to equality before law, freedom of speech and expression, protection of life and personal liberty, freedom of practicing religion, right of minorities to establish educational institutions, and right to approach the Supreme Court for violation of these rights.
The document summarizes the key aspects of the Indian constitution including:
- It is the longest written constitution in the world with 448 articles and 97 amendments.
- It was enacted on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950.
- It establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic.
- The constitution guarantees citizens fundamental rights like equality, freedom of speech and religion.
- Citizens also have fundamental duties outlined in the constitution.
- The constitution draws from various other countries in aspects of its framework and provisions.
The document discusses the fundamental rights guaranteed to Indian citizens under the constitution. It outlines the 7 original fundamental rights - right to equality, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, right to cultural/educational rights, right to constitutional remedies, right to freedom, and right to property. It provides details on key rights like right to equality, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, right to residence and occupation. It emphasizes that the right to constitutional remedies allows citizens to seek redressal if their fundamental rights are violated.
The document discusses various fundamental rights guaranteed under the Constitution of India. It summarizes:
(1) The right to equality, which guarantees equality before the law, prohibits discrimination, and abolishes untouchability and titles.
(2) The right to freedom, which protects freedom of speech, assembly, movement, residence, and occupation.
(3) The right against exploitation, which prohibits forced labor, child labor, and trafficking of humans.
(4) Other rights like freedom of religion, education, and the right to constitutional remedies for enforcement of fundamental rights.
Fundamental rights of indian constitutionNaveen Sihag
The document discusses the six fundamental rights provided to Indian citizens under the constitution:
1) Right to equality - which guarantees equality before the law and prohibits discrimination.
2) Right to freedom - including freedom of speech, assembly, profession.
3) Right against exploitation - abolishing practices like forced labor and child labor.
4) Right to freedom of religion - guaranteeing freedom to practice any religion.
5) Cultural and educational rights - including rights to conserve language and culture.
6) Right to constitutional remedies - empowering citizens to approach courts if fundamental rights are denied.
The document discusses fundamental rights and duties in India. It defines fundamental rights as basic human freedoms guaranteed by the Indian constitution, including rights to equality, freedom of religion, and constitutional remedies. Fundamental duties are moral obligations of citizens to promote patriotism and national unity. While rights are enforceable, duties are not but aim to inspire citizens to work for national goals. The document provides details on key rights like equality before law and prohibition of untouchability.
The document provides an overview of the Indian Constitution. It discusses that the Constitution is the supreme law of India, governing all other laws. The Constituent Assembly framed the Constitution over several sessions from 1946 to 1949. Key figures involved in drafting the Constitution included Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar. The Constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950, becoming the Republic Day of India.
This document provides an overview of the key components and structure of the Constitution of India. It begins with definitions of what a constitution is and why countries need constitutions. It then discusses the history of framing India's constitution after independence, including the objectives of the Constituent Assembly and influences from other countries. The document outlines the preamble, parts, articles, amendments, schedules, and appendices that make up the structure of the Indian constitution. It describes the federal and unitary features of India's system and defines the constitution as the supreme law of the land.
The document discusses the constitution of India, including:
1. It provides context on the framing of the Indian constitution by the constituent assembly between 1946-1949.
2. Key figures involved in drafting the constitution are mentioned, including Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar who chaired the drafting committee.
3. The constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950, establishing India as a sovereign democratic republic.
The document discusses the constitution of India, including:
1. It provides context on the framing of the Indian constitution by the constituent assembly between 1946-1949.
2. Key figures involved in drafting the constitution are mentioned, including Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar who chaired the drafting committee.
3. The constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950, establishing India as a sovereign, democratic republic.
The document provides an overview of the Constitution of India. It begins with definitions of what a constitution is and why countries need constitutions. It then discusses the history and framing of the Indian Constitution, outlining how it was drafted over several years by the Constituent Assembly. Key elements of the Indian Constitution are explained, including the Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, and the overall structure containing parts, articles, schedules, and amendments. In summary, the document serves as an introductory guide to the history, contents, and essential components of the Constitution of India.
The document provides an overview of the key components and history of the Constitution of India. It discusses how the constituent assembly framed the constitution between 1946-1949, with it coming into effect on January 26, 1950. The summary highlights that the constitution declares India a sovereign, socialist, secular democratic republic, and establishes the framework of political principles and powers of government. It also outlines some of the main elements that make up the constitution, including the preamble, parts, articles, amendments and schedules.
The document discusses key aspects of the Indian constitution related to education, including:
1) Constitutional provisions on education such as those in the preamble and fundamental rights and duties.
2) Directive principles of state policy and the right to information as they relate to education.
3) Constitutional values in the context of education and the impact of liberalization, privatization, and globalization on Indian society.
The document provides an overview of how the Indian constitution addresses education.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Constitution of India. It begins by explaining that the Constitution is the supreme law of India that establishes the framework and structure of government. It then describes the key features of the Constitution, including that it is the longest written constitution in the world. The summary also explains that the Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly over several years and enacted on November 26, 1949. It came into force on January 26, 1950. The preamble establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and guarantees certain fundamental rights and duties to its citizens. Key features of the Indian Constitution discussed include its federal structure with unitary features, an independent judiciary, adult franchise, and fundamental rights and directive principles
The document provides an overview of key aspects of the Constitution of India, including its history, framing, principles, and structure. It notes that the Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950. It establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic with the goal of securing justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity for its citizens.
The document provides information on the Indian constitution, including:
1. It defines a constitution as a set of fundamental principles that govern how a state is organized.
2. The Indian constitution is the supreme law of the land and all other laws must conform to it. It defines the government and the relationship between the government and citizens.
3. The Indian constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly over a period of almost 3 years, borrowing elements from several other constitutions, and came into effect on January 26, 1950.
This document discusses key aspects of the Constitution of India. It begins by defining what a constitution is and why countries need constitutions. It then provides details on the history and framing of the Indian Constitution, including information on the Constituent Assembly. The document also summarizes the Preamble of the Indian Constitution and discusses the main characteristics, including the fundamental rights guaranteed. It concludes by restating that the Constitution provides the framework and structure for governance in independent India.
Preamble to constitution of India-.pptssuserfb3500
The document provides details about the drafting of the Indian constitution including:
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was elected chairman of the Drafting Committee that was tasked with drafting the constitution.
- The Drafting Committee had 7 members including Dr. Ambedkar. One member died and was not replaced, while others were often absent.
- As chairman, Dr. Ambedkar is considered the chief architect and father of the Indian constitution due to his leadership of the drafting process.
- The constitution seeks to establish the framework and structure of government in India, define fundamental rights and duties of citizens, and promote ideals of justice, liberty, equality and unity.
The document provides information about the preamble and key features of the Constitution of India. It discusses that the preamble lays out the objectives and ideals of the constitution, establishing India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. It guarantees justice, liberty, equality and fraternity to all citizens. The document then summarizes some of the fundamental rights guaranteed in the constitution like right to equality, freedom, freedom of religion, and prohibition of exploitation. It also provides context on the drafting process and the father of the Indian constitution, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
Introduction of constitution, Need of a constitution, Characteristics of Indian Constitution, Indian constitution borrowed features from which countries brief description about it.
The document discusses the philosophy and ideals of the Indian constitution as reflected in the preamble. It outlines the key aspects of the preamble such as India being a sovereign, socialist, secular and democratic republic that aims to secure justice, liberty, equality and fraternity for its citizens. It also describes some of the salient features of the Indian constitution such as its written nature, fundamental rights, parliamentary democracy, secularism, directive principles and an independent judiciary.
The document discusses the philosophy, ideals, and key features of the Indian Constitution. It begins by outlining the objectives of discussing the Preamble and philosophical foundations of the Constitution. It then explains that the philosophy and ideals are reflected in the Preamble, including that India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and that the Constitution aims to secure justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity for all citizens. Some of the salient features discussed are that India has a written constitution, fundamental rights are guaranteed, and it has a parliamentary system of government.
The document discusses the philosophy and ideals of the Indian constitution as reflected in the preamble. It outlines the key aspects of the preamble such as India being a sovereign, socialist, secular and democratic republic that aims to secure justice, liberty, equality and fraternity for its citizens. It also describes some of the salient features of the Indian constitution such as its written nature, fundamental rights, parliamentary democracy, secularism, directive principles and an independent judiciary.
Educational Provisions in the Constitution of IndiaDr. Goutam Patra
This document provides an overview of the key elements and features of the Constitution of India. It begins with an introduction to the constitution and then covers sections like the preamble, parts, articles, amendments, schedules, appendices, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles, and union and state agencies. The document aims to comprehensively describe the different components that make up the constitution, highlighting elements borrowed from other countries as well as its unique characteristics. It does so over the course of 24 sections in a detailed yet accessible manner.
The Constituent Assembly of India framed the Constitution of India over a period of 2 years, 11 months and 18 days through 166 days of meetings. Key persons involved included Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha as the first president, Dr. Rajendra Prasad as the president, and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar as the chairman of the drafting committee. The Assembly drew upon constitutional features and principles from various nations in drafting the document.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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2. 2
1.What Is Constitution Anyway?
Almost everything we do is governed by some set of rules. There are rules for
games (like- soccer), for social clubs and for adults in the workplace. There are
also rules imposed by morality and custom that play an important role in telling
us what we should and should not do.
For example- In the game of soccer, a referee has "full authority to enforce the Rules
or Law of the Game on the Players”, when a player do something against the Rules
referee takes action like send-off a player, as shown in images below.
should Should not Red-card
3. 3
1.What Is Constitution Anyway?
Some rules that are made by the legislatures (also known as Lok sabha/Rajya
Sabha in India), for there own country, are called “Law”.
We need Laws in Society so our society can regulate and work properly. They
are designed to protect us and our property and to ensure that everyone in
society behaves the way that the community expects them too.
Laws tell us what to expect as a consequence of our actions. Laws have been
the glue that has kept society together. Without laws there would be complete
anarchy.
4. 4
1.What Is Constitution Anyway?
I) In General-
The Constitution is the supreme law of the land. All other laws have to
conform to the Constitution. The constitution contains laws concerning the
government and its relations with the people.
A constitution is concerned with 2 main aspects:-
a) The relation between the different levels of government and
b) Between the government and the citizens.
Constitution
...
…Government The People
5. 5
1.What Is Constitution Anyway?
GOVERNMENT
EXECUTIVE
JUDICIARY
LEGISLATIVE
CONSTITUTION
THE PEOPLE
Makes Laws
Interprets Laws
Enforces Laws
Fig.- Role of Constitution in relationship between Government and its people
Role of Constitution in relationship between Government and its people:-
6. 6
2.Why Do We Need Constitution?
In General-
I. We need a constitution to govern a country properly.
II. The constitution defines the nature of political system of a country.
III. sometimes we feel strongly about an issue that might go against our larger
interests and the constitution helps us guard against this.
IV. All the 3 organs of government (executive, legislature and judiciary)
functions within the constitution. All the 3 organs of government, including
ordinary citizens, derive their power and authority (i.e. Fundamental Right)
from the constitution. If they act against it, it is unconstitutional and
unlawful.
So constitution is required to have authoritative allocation of power and
function, and also to restrict them within its limit.
8. 8
2.Why Do We Need Constitution?
To perform following Functions we need Constitution-
I. The first function of a constitution is to provide a set of basic rules that
allow for minimal coordination amongst members of a society.
II. The second function of a constitution is to specify who has the power to
make decisions in a society. It decides how the government will be
constituted.
III. The third function of a constitution is to set some limits on what a
government can impose on its citizens. These limits are fundamental in
the sense that government may ever trespass them.
IV. The fourth function of a constitution is to enable the government to fulfill
the separations of a society and create conditions for a just society.
9. 9
3.The History of Constitution of India.
In the light of these ‘Objectives’ the Assembly completed its task by November
26, 1949. The constitution was enforced with effect from January 26, 1950.
From that day India became Republic of India.
10. 10
4.The Framing of Constitution of India.
The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of
India. Following India's independence from Great Britain, its members
served as the nation's first Parliament.
This body was formed in 1946 for the purpose of making independent India's
constitution. The assembly passed a resolution in 1947 January defining the
objectives of the constitution:-
1) To set up a Union of India comprising British India and the princely states.
2) To set up a federal form of government with separate state and central governments.
3) To set up a democracy in which all power is derived from the people:
I) where all people are guaranteed justice, equality and freedom;
II) where minorities, depressed classes and the tribal's rights are protected;
4) To protect the integrity of India and her sovereign rights over land, sea and air.
5) To help India attain its rightful place in the world - and work for peace and welfare of all
mankind.
11. 11
4.The Framing of Constitution of India.
Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was the first president (temporary) of the
Constituent Assembly when it met on December 9, 1946. Later, Dr. Rajendra
Prasad became the President of the Constituent Assembly and Dr. Bhimrao
Ambedkar became the Chairman of its drafting committee on December
11,1946 .
First president (temporary) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha (Left) on December 9, 1946. Dr. Rajendra Prasad (Middle) the President
of the Constituent Assembly and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar (Right) the Chairman of its drafting committee as on December 11,1946
.
12. 12
4.The Framing of Constitution of India.
First day (December 9, 1946) of the Constituent Assembly. From right: B. G. Kher and Sardar Vallabhai Patel;
K. M. Munshi is seated behind Patel.
The Constituent Assembly consisted of 385 members, of which 292 were elected by the elected
members of the Provincial Legislative Assemblies while 93 members were nominated by the
Princely States. To these were to be added a representative each from the four Chief
Commissioners Provinces of Delhi, Ajmer- Marwar, Coorg and British Baluchistan.
13. 13
4.The Framing of Constitution of India.
1.From U.K. - Nominal Head – President, Cabinet System of Ministers, Post of PM, Parliamentary Type of Govt.,
Bicameral Parliament, Lower House more powerful, Council of Ministers responsible to Lower House, Provision
of Speaker in Lok Sabha.
Borrowed features of constitution of India
2.From U.S.A- Written constitution, Appointment of Vice President, Fundamental Rights, Supreme court,
Head of the state known as president, Provision of states, Judicial review
7.From Canada- Federal System and Residuary powers
4.From USSR- Fundamental Duties, Five year plan
3.From Australia- Concurrent List, Centre-State relationship, Language of the Preamble
5.From Germany- Emergency provisions
6.From Japan- Law on which the Supreme Court functions
8.From South Africa- Procedure of constitutional amendment
9.From Ireland- Concept of Directive Principles of state policy.
14. 14
4.The Framing of Constitution of India.
The 63rd Republic Day Celebrations on 26th January
2012 at New Delhi, India
15. 15
5.The Preamble to Constitution of India.
The Preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out the
guiding purpose and principles of the document.
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India
into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and
to secure to all its citizens:
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;
and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity
of the Nation;
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November,
1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS
CONSTITUTION.
16. 16
5.The Preamble to Constitution of India.
The first words of the Preamble - "We, the people" - signifies that power is
ultimately vested in the hands of the People of India. So far the Preamble
has been amended only once in 1976 by 42nd
amendment (change) which
inserted the words Socialism, Secularism and Integrity. A brief description
of these concepts are as follows (in the order they come in Preamble)-
1. Sovereign- It means free to follow internal and external Policies.
2. Secular- It means no particular Religion is preferred.
3. Socialist- It means no concentration of Power and Money.
4. Democratic- It means rule by elected representative of the People of India.
5. Republic- It means no room for hereditary ruler or monarch.
17. 17
5.The Preamble to Constitution of India.
The preamble-page, along with other pages of the First and original Book of Constitution of India,
was designed (Art) and decorated (Frames) solely by renowned painter Beohar shakha.
Hindi (Left) and English (Middle) versions of Preamble as available in the First book of Constitution of India (Right).
18. 18
6.What Is The constitution of India?
Constitution of India is considered to be the supreme law of the country, as it
puts forth the framework of fundamental political principles. It establishes the
structure, procedures, powers and duties of the government and mentions the
fundamental rights, directive principles and duties of citizens.
The Constitution declares India as a Sovereign, Socialist Democratic, and
Republic with a parliamentary form of government.
The Indian Constitution shows Federal as well as Unitary System.
1. Federal System- powers are divided and/or shared between state and
central governments
2. Union System- power concentration in central government with weak state
Government
(i) Constitution of India In General:-
19. 19
6.What Is The constitution of India?
Both features are listed below:-
Federal Features-
1. Supremacy of the Constitution,
2. Division of power between the Union (central Governments) and State, and
3. The existence of an independent judiciary in the Indian Constitution.
Unitary Features-
1. Single Citizenship
2. Single Constitution
3. Power of union to override on the state matters
4. During emergency the system became virtually unitary
5. Changes in the names and boundaries of the states by the Parliament
6. Integrated Judiciary System
7. Centre appoints the Governors
8. Dependence of states on the centre for economic assistance and grants.
20. 20
6.What Is The constitution of India?
Both features are listed below:-(ii) Structure of Constitution of India:-
consists of 1 preamble, 25 parts containing 450 articles, 12 schedules, 2 appendices and 97
amendments to date. Although it is federal in nature it also has a strong unitary bias.
The Constitution, in its current form (March 2011),
Constitution of India
Preamble 1 Parts 25
Articles 450
Amendments 97 Appendices 2Schedules 12
Fundamental Rights
Directive Principles
Fundamental Duties
21. 21
6.What Is The constitution of India?
Fundamental Rights are different from other rights available to us. While
ordinary legal rights are protected and enforced by ordinary law,
Fundamental Rights are protected and guaranteed by the constitution of the
country.
The Constitution of India recognizes certain basic fundamental rights for every
citizen of India, such as:-
(a) Right to Equality
(b) Right to Freedom
(c) Right to Freedom of Religion
(d) Right against Exploitation
(e) Cultural & Educational Rights
(f) Right to Constitutional Remedies
22. 22
6.What Is The constitution of India?
Ordinary rights may be changed by the legislature by ordinary process of law
making, but a fundamental right may only be changed by amending the
Constitution itself. Besides this, no organ of the government can act in a
manner that violates them.
Any infringement of fundamental rights can be challenged by any citizen of
India in the court of law. The Constitution of India also prescribes some
fundamental duties on every citizen in India.
23. 23
6.What Is The constitution of India?
(iii) Constitution of India and Government:-
Into three distinct but interrelated branches: Legislative, Executive and
Judiciary – have to function within their own spheres demarcated under the
Constitution. In other words, the doctrine of Separation of Powers has been
implicitly recognized by the Indian Constitution.
The Indian government is divided
Government of India
ExecutiveJudiciaryLegislative
The Parliament of India =the
President of India + the two Houses
Lok Sabha (House of the People)
and Rajya Sabha (Council of
States).
The Supreme Court of India
consists of a Chief Justice and 30
associate justices
The President of India, Vice
President, Cabinet, executive
departments and agencies.
24. 24
7.Main Characteristics of Constitution of India.
The Constitution of India has some distinct and unique features as compared
to other constitutions to the world. As Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the Chairman of
the Drafting Committee puts it, the framers had tried to accumulate and
accommodate the best features of other constitutions, keeping in view the
peculiar problems and needs of our country. Main Characteristics of
Constitution of India are:-
1. Longest written constitution.
2. Partly Rigid and Partly Flexible
3. A Democratic Republic
4. Parliamentary System of Government
5. A Federation
6. Fundamental Rights
7. Directive Principles of State Policy
8. Fundamental Duties
9. Secular State
10.An Independent Judiciary
11.Single Citizenship
25. 25
8.Conclusion
A Constitution symbolizes independence of a country. Framework and structure
for the governance of a free country are provided in the Constitution. The
Constituent Assembly prepared the draft of the Constitution by keeping the
‘Objectives Resolution’ as the backdrop which reflected the aspirations of the
people of India.
The framing of the Constitution was completed on November 26, 1949 when the
Constituent Assembly formally adopted the new Constitution. The Constitution
came into force with effect from January 26, 1950.
The Constitution begins with a Preamble which declares India to be a Sovereign,
Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic. The Preamble also mentions the goals
of securing justice, liberty and equality for all its citizens and promotion of natio-
nal unity and integrity on the basis of fraternity among the people assuring dignity
of the individual.
26. 26
8.Conclusion
Picture shows the pages from
the Constitution of India, at
the PARLIAMENT MUSEUM,
Parliament Library Building,
New Delhi.
PARLIAMENT
MUSEUM : A high-
tech story-telling
Museum depicting the
continuum of the
democratic heritage in
India has been
dedicated to the
Nation by
Dr. A P J Abdul
Kalam, President of
India on 14th August
2006.
27. 27
8.Conclusion
The Constitution of India has several distinctive features. It is the lengthiest
Constitution in the world and it is a combination of rigidity and flexibility. The
Constitution provides for a quasi-federal (It means a federal set up where
despite having two clear sets of government – central and the states, more
powers are given to the Central Government.) set up with a strong centre.
There is a clear division of powers between the Centre and the States. The
Supreme Court of India, is the apex court of India which will resolve the
disputes between the centre and state or between the states.
India has a parliamentary democracy. The Council of Ministers headed by the
Prime Minister enjoys the real powers and is responsible to the Parliament. The
Indian Constitution provides for Fundamental Rights which are justifiable. Ten
Fundamental Duties have also been added to the Constitution. The Directive
Principles of State Policy give a concrete shape to the welfare concept.
28. 28
It is time to undertake a study of Indian Federalism with a view to valuate the
trends, frictions and difficulties which have developed in the area of inter-
governmental relations and to seek to evolve ways and means to meet the
challenging task of making the Indian federation a more robust, strong and
workable system so that the country may meet the tasks of self-improvement
and development.
The responsibility lies on not only the jurists and policy framers, but also the
citizens of the country to work in a harmonious manner for the development of
the country.
8.Conclusion