India
•Download as PPT, PDF•
2 likes•1,894 views
- India has a long and complex history, having been invaded by many groups like the Persians, Greeks, Huns, Arabs, and British, but local kingdoms have survived. - The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the world's earliest, dating back to 3000 BC, and included advanced cities with drainage systems. - The Aryans invaded around 1500 BC and introduced cultural traditions like Sanskrit and Hinduism that still influence India today. Major empires like the Maurya and Gupta expanded across northern India in later centuries.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
History of Islam in India
The document provides a history of Islam in India from the 8th century to 1857 CE. It discusses several key points:
- The first mosque in India was built in 629 CE in Kerala by Malik Bin Dinar.
- The first major conquest of areas in modern day Pakistan was led by Muhammad bin Qasim in 711 CE, establishing the dominion of the Umayyad Caliphate in Sindh and southern Punjab.
- Several powerful Islamic dynasties and empires ruled parts of India over subsequent centuries, including the Delhi Sultanate from 1206-1526 CE and the Mughal Empire from 1526-1858 CE, introducing Islamic traditions and contributing to cultural
Mahamud of ghazni and mohammad of ghur
Mahmud of Ghazni and Mohammad of Ghur were rulers from the 11th-12th century who invaded northern India from their power bases in Ghazni and Ghur, located in modern day Afghanistan. Mahmud raided India 17 times between 1001-1025, plundering wealthy temples and cities to fund his empire. Mohammad of Ghur conquered the Rajput kingdoms in the late 12th century and established the Delhi Sultanate under his general Qutb al-Din Aibak, laying the foundations for Turkic rule in northern India.
HOW ISLAM SPREAD IN INDIA
Islam spread peacefully throughout India over many centuries through trade and Sufi mystics, not by force or violence. Arab traders introduced Islam to coastal regions in the 7th century. While some areas came under Muslim political rule in the 8th century, local religions and social structures were left intact. People often converted to Islam in whole castes to escape the oppression and lack of social mobility within the caste system. Islam appealed for its message of equality. By the time Muslim rule ended in many areas, Islam had become deeply integrated into Indian society.
Islamic caliphate
The document provides an overview of the rise and fall of the Islamic caliphates, beginning with the Rashidun Caliphate established after the death of the Prophet Muhammad and ending with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924. It discusses the major caliphates that ruled the Islamic world chronologically, including the Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, and Ottoman Caliphate. For each caliphate, it summarizes key events and battles, territories controlled, reasons for decline or fall, and clothing styles during the period.
Muslim Rule in India
Muslim rule in India from the 12th to 18th centuries had a profound impact on Indian society, culture, and civilization. Islam brought new social, religious, and cultural ideas that influenced many aspects of life in India. While Muslims remained a minority, their interaction with Hindus over centuries led to influence and changes in both communities through developments like Sufism and Bhakti movements. The pattern of Muslim rule saw repeated waves of conquest and cultural exchange that blended Islamic and Indian traditions in diverse fields like architecture, language, art, music, and literature. Scholars acknowledge the transformative role played by Islam in modernizing India and stimulating new social, religious, and intellectual trends.
Lucknow pact
The Lucknow Pact of 1916 saw the Muslim League and Indian National Congress agree to cooperate on self-government for India. They agreed that Muslims would receive one-third representation in government and separate electorates would be adopted for communities. Other terms included adopting a system of weighted representation, increasing the size of the central legislative council, setting its term to five years, and ensuring half the members of the imperial legislative council were Indian. This pact helped bring the two major Indian organizations together on the path towards self-rule.
Muhammad bin qasim
Muhammad bin Qasim invaded Sindh in 712 on orders from the Umayyad governor of Iraq, Hijaj bin Yousaf. He began his campaign from Makran and conquered cities such as Debal, Sadusan, and Nerun before defeating Raja Dahir's forces at Ar-rur. Muhammad bin Qasim was a successful commander due to his superior military equipment, disciplined troops, use of jihad as a motivator, and administrative skills. However, he was ordered to return to Iraq after revolts broke out in the Umayyad empire and the new caliph succeeded, and was later murdered on his way back in 715.
6 th lec.advent of islam in sub continent
The document summarizes the advent and early spread of Islam in the Indian subcontinent. It discusses how Arab traders first began visiting the Malabar coast during the reign of Caliph Umar in the 7th century. It then describes how the ruler of a small state near Bombay, Kiring Noor, was the first Indian to convert to Islam after being preached to by Sheikh Sharaf Bin Malik. The document goes on to explain the first military battles between Muslims and Indians during this period. It then outlines the initial phases of Muslim conquests in the subcontinent beginning with the Umayyad dynasty and Muhammad Bin Qasim's defeat of Raja Dahir, establishing Muslim rule over Sindh
Recommended
History of Islam in India
The document provides a history of Islam in India from the 8th century to 1857 CE. It discusses several key points:
- The first mosque in India was built in 629 CE in Kerala by Malik Bin Dinar.
- The first major conquest of areas in modern day Pakistan was led by Muhammad bin Qasim in 711 CE, establishing the dominion of the Umayyad Caliphate in Sindh and southern Punjab.
- Several powerful Islamic dynasties and empires ruled parts of India over subsequent centuries, including the Delhi Sultanate from 1206-1526 CE and the Mughal Empire from 1526-1858 CE, introducing Islamic traditions and contributing to cultural
Mahamud of ghazni and mohammad of ghur
Mahmud of Ghazni and Mohammad of Ghur were rulers from the 11th-12th century who invaded northern India from their power bases in Ghazni and Ghur, located in modern day Afghanistan. Mahmud raided India 17 times between 1001-1025, plundering wealthy temples and cities to fund his empire. Mohammad of Ghur conquered the Rajput kingdoms in the late 12th century and established the Delhi Sultanate under his general Qutb al-Din Aibak, laying the foundations for Turkic rule in northern India.
HOW ISLAM SPREAD IN INDIA
Islam spread peacefully throughout India over many centuries through trade and Sufi mystics, not by force or violence. Arab traders introduced Islam to coastal regions in the 7th century. While some areas came under Muslim political rule in the 8th century, local religions and social structures were left intact. People often converted to Islam in whole castes to escape the oppression and lack of social mobility within the caste system. Islam appealed for its message of equality. By the time Muslim rule ended in many areas, Islam had become deeply integrated into Indian society.
Islamic caliphate
The document provides an overview of the rise and fall of the Islamic caliphates, beginning with the Rashidun Caliphate established after the death of the Prophet Muhammad and ending with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924. It discusses the major caliphates that ruled the Islamic world chronologically, including the Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, and Ottoman Caliphate. For each caliphate, it summarizes key events and battles, territories controlled, reasons for decline or fall, and clothing styles during the period.
Muslim Rule in India
Muslim rule in India from the 12th to 18th centuries had a profound impact on Indian society, culture, and civilization. Islam brought new social, religious, and cultural ideas that influenced many aspects of life in India. While Muslims remained a minority, their interaction with Hindus over centuries led to influence and changes in both communities through developments like Sufism and Bhakti movements. The pattern of Muslim rule saw repeated waves of conquest and cultural exchange that blended Islamic and Indian traditions in diverse fields like architecture, language, art, music, and literature. Scholars acknowledge the transformative role played by Islam in modernizing India and stimulating new social, religious, and intellectual trends.
Lucknow pact
The Lucknow Pact of 1916 saw the Muslim League and Indian National Congress agree to cooperate on self-government for India. They agreed that Muslims would receive one-third representation in government and separate electorates would be adopted for communities. Other terms included adopting a system of weighted representation, increasing the size of the central legislative council, setting its term to five years, and ensuring half the members of the imperial legislative council were Indian. This pact helped bring the two major Indian organizations together on the path towards self-rule.
Muhammad bin qasim
Muhammad bin Qasim invaded Sindh in 712 on orders from the Umayyad governor of Iraq, Hijaj bin Yousaf. He began his campaign from Makran and conquered cities such as Debal, Sadusan, and Nerun before defeating Raja Dahir's forces at Ar-rur. Muhammad bin Qasim was a successful commander due to his superior military equipment, disciplined troops, use of jihad as a motivator, and administrative skills. However, he was ordered to return to Iraq after revolts broke out in the Umayyad empire and the new caliph succeeded, and was later murdered on his way back in 715.
6 th lec.advent of islam in sub continent
The document summarizes the advent and early spread of Islam in the Indian subcontinent. It discusses how Arab traders first began visiting the Malabar coast during the reign of Caliph Umar in the 7th century. It then describes how the ruler of a small state near Bombay, Kiring Noor, was the first Indian to convert to Islam after being preached to by Sheikh Sharaf Bin Malik. The document goes on to explain the first military battles between Muslims and Indians during this period. It then outlines the initial phases of Muslim conquests in the subcontinent beginning with the Umayyad dynasty and Muhammad Bin Qasim's defeat of Raja Dahir, establishing Muslim rule over Sindh
Shah waliullah’s
Shah Waliullah was an 18th century Islamic scholar born in India who made significant religious and political contributions. He studied Islamic texts extensively from a young age. As leader of the Muslims in India, he sought to unite Muslims and translate the Quran to help people understand their faith better. He also advised rulers on political matters and convinced Ahmed Shah Abdali to help defeat a common enemy. Through his writings and teachings, Shah Waliullah modernized Islamic thought and helped preserve Muslim rule in India for another century.
Rise of Mughal Empire (1625-1707)- History of SubContinent
Rise of Mughal Empire (1625-1707)- History of SubContinent
This Documentary was a project of History of Sub Continent. Dr Zabir Saeed Badar are supporting the "batch of 2019 BBA (Hons) Semester 7".
Pre Islamic Arabs and Muslims
The presentation give brief idea on social and religious life of Arabia during the pre islamic period and also touches the expansion of Islam as a world religion.
The abbasids ppt 10 april 2016
The Abbasids ruled from 751-983 AD and established their capital in Baghdad. During their Golden Age from 775-861 AD, Baghdad became a global center for science, philosophy, medicine and education under rulers like Al-Mansour and Harun Al-Rashid. The House of Wisdom gathered knowledge from many cultures and advanced fields like algebra, geometry, astronomy, and the introduction of paper and the number zero. However, as the empire grew too large to govern effectively and rulers became distant from the people, rebellions emerged and the Abbasid Caliph became merely a religious figurehead by 930 AD, leading to their eventual decline.
Nehru Report
The Nehru Report proposed constitutional reforms for India based on discussions at the All Parties Conferences of 1928. Key provisions included:
- Dominion status for India with a central parliament and provincial councils
- Rejection of separate electorates in favor of joint electorates with reserved seats for minority communities
- Fundamental rights for citizens including equal rights for women and no state religion
The report faced criticism from groups like the Muslim League, Hindu Mahasabha, and younger leaders like Nehru and Bose who wanted full independence.
Gandhara Civilization Rise Fall & Today
The document provides an overview of the Gandhara civilization located in northern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. It discusses the geography, history, culture, religion, art, and architecture of the Gandhara kingdom from its rise in the 1st millennium BC under Buddhist rule to its fall in the 10th-11th century after Muslim conquests. Key periods discussed include the Persian, Greek, Mauryan, Kushan, and Turkish rule over the region before its decline.
Umayyad dynasty
This is a PowerPoint presentation on the topic The Umayyad Dynasty. In this ppt I have written all basic information about Umayyad Dynasty and I hope so that you all will like this presentation and my all those efforts that I put to make it.
Thankyou so much!
The golden age of islam
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Umayyad Caliphate between 661-750 CE and the transition to the Abbasid Caliphate. It describes how the Umayyads established the first Islamic dynasty in Damascus after the Muslim Civil War, but internal divisions and indulgence in luxury weakened their rule over time. The Abbasids then overthrew the Umayyads in 750 CE with the support of non-Arab Muslims, establishing a new capital in Baghdad and administrative structure influenced by Persian traditions that led to two centuries of stability and prosperity known as the Golden Age of Islam.
Muslim advent
The document provides information on the Muslim advent in the Indian subcontinent from 712-1556 CE. It summarizes the campaigns of key Muslim rulers like Muhammad bin Qasim, Mahmud Ghaznavi, Muhammad Ghori, the Mamluk and Khalji sultans who established Islamic rule in parts of South Asia through military conquests and expansion of the Delhi Sultanate. Critical battles, territories captured, and administrative policies implemented are outlined. Key figures that advanced the reach of Muslim political control during this period are named.
History of Sindh
Sindh is a province of Pakistan located along the Indus River. It has historically been home to the Sindhi people and was an important center of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization between 2500-1500 BC. In 711 AD, the Umayyad general Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh, bringing the region into contact with Islam. Several dynasties, including the Samma and Kalhora, ruled Sindh over subsequent centuries. The capital and largest city of Sindh is now Karachi, Pakistan's financial hub.
War of independance
war of independence : 1857
the revolt was the first independence war but the British said This is the rebellion, mutiny.this war is between the Indian soldiers and British Indian army .
War of Independence 1857 (Indian Revolt 1857)
It is a power point work on the Indian mutiny of 1857 or the Indian attempt to gain self rule against British. If you do not get the concept from this work you can watch the video at last.
SIR SYED AHMED KHAN
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was a 19th century Muslim philosopher and social reformer from India who founded the Aligarh Muslim University in 1875. He established several schools and promoted scientific thinking and modern education for Indian Muslims. Sir Syed also participated in politics and helped develop independent Muslim political organizations. He is recognized as one of the founding fathers of Pakistan for his role in advocating for Muslim political and educational advancement separate from majority Hindu groups.
Muslim advent
Most historians believe that Islam originated in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, approximately 600 years after the founding of Christianity.
Evolution and Growth of Muslim in sub continent .pptx
1. The document traces the ancient empires and civilizations of the Indian subcontinent from the Stone Age through the Delhi Sultanate period. It discusses the Indus Valley Civilization, the Vedic Period, the Mauryan Empire, the Kushan Empire, the Delhi Sultanate, and the rise of the Mughal Dynasty. 2. Key empires and rulers mentioned include the Indus Valley Civilization, Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka, the Kushans like Kanishka, the Delhi Sultanates including the Slave Dynasty and the Khilji Dynasty, and Babur's founding of the Mughal Dynasty by defeating Ibrahim Lodhi in 1526. 3. Islam
Muslim Rule in Spain
After the Umayyad caliphate fell in Damascus, the last surviving member fled to Iberia and established himself as the Emir of Cordoba in 756. He made Cordoba the capital and established the Umayyad emirate. For over two centuries, Córdoba flourished under the emirs and caliphs, becoming one of the most advanced cities in Europe with vast libraries, philosophical and scientific achievements, and a prosperous economy. However, internal struggles after the caliphate's collapse in 1031 led to the fragmentation of Al-Andalus into competing taifa kingdoms, weakening Muslim rule and allowing the Christian reconquista to gain ground.
All India Muslim League
The document summarizes key events in the history of the All India Muslim League from its founding in 1906 to 1947:
- The Muslim League was established in 1906 in Dhaka to protect Muslim political interests in British India. Muhammad Ali Jinnah joined in 1913 and played a key role thereafter.
- Important early resolutions protested discrimination against Indians in South Africa and ended indentured labor. Allama Iqbal's 1930 Allahabad address advocated for a separate Muslim state in Northwest India.
- Jinnah was elected president in 1934 and reorganized the League, emphasizing that independence must protect minorities. His 1935 Aligarh speech united Muslims against the perceived threat from the Indian National Congress.
EMERGENCE OF ISLAM IN SUB-CONTINENT 715 1557
The document summarizes the emergence of Islam in the Indian subcontinent from 715 to 1557 CE by discussing six Muslim dynasties that ruled parts of the region during this period. It provides details on rulers, territories controlled, and key events for each dynasty: the Umayyad (661-749 CE), Abbasids (750-1258 CE), Saffarid Dynasty of Seistan (861-1003 CE), Qaramitah Dynasty of Multan (980-1175 CE), Yamini or Ghaznivid Dynasty (977-1186 CE), and Ghurid Dynasty (1149-1206 CE).
First battle of panipat
The document summarizes the First Battle of Panipat fought in 1526 between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodi. It led to the defeat of Ibrahim Lodi and the establishment of the Mughal Empire in India by Babur. Key events include Babur's use of artillery and innovative war tactics that overwhelmed Ibrahim Lodi's forces, ending the Delhi Sultanate and establishing Mughal rule over North India. The battle marked a major turning point in Indian history and political landscape.
complete history of caliphate Umayyad
The Umayyad Caliphate began in 661 AD after Mu'awiyah defeated the fourth caliph Ali and established the Umayyad dynasty. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly through military conquests. They also standardized the administration of the empire by establishing boards to oversee finances, correspondence, and other functions. The Umayyads made Damascus their capital and ruled over a vast territory, spreading Islam widely during their rule. However, internal conflicts and the rise of the Abbasid revolutionary movement eventually led to the downfall of the Umayyad dynasty in 750 AD.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIA
The ancient Indus Valley Civilization arose around 2600 BC in the Indus River valley region of modern day India and Pakistan. At its peak between 2300-1700 BC, large urban settlements like Mohenjo-Daro had populations of 35,000-50,000 people and advanced infrastructure like gridded streets and drainage systems. The civilization declined around 1700 BC for unknown reasons. Later, Aryan pastoralists migrated to India after 1500 BC and established kingdoms. The first major empire was the Mauryan Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BC, which extended across northern India under the rule of Ashoka in the 3rd century BC. The Gupta Empire arose in the 4th century AD
South Asian Empires .pptx
The document provides information on several South Asian empires that emerged between 550 BCE to 1700 CE. It discusses the Kingdom of Magadha, the first powerful kingdom located along the Ganges River. It then summarizes the Mauryan Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 320 BCE and highlights the reign of Ashoka. Next, it covers the Kushan Empire and the Gupta Empire which reached its peak under Chandragupta II. Finally, it briefly discusses the Mughal Empire founded by Babur and some of its major rulers like Akbar, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb.
More Related Content
What's hot
Shah waliullah’s
Shah Waliullah was an 18th century Islamic scholar born in India who made significant religious and political contributions. He studied Islamic texts extensively from a young age. As leader of the Muslims in India, he sought to unite Muslims and translate the Quran to help people understand their faith better. He also advised rulers on political matters and convinced Ahmed Shah Abdali to help defeat a common enemy. Through his writings and teachings, Shah Waliullah modernized Islamic thought and helped preserve Muslim rule in India for another century.
Rise of Mughal Empire (1625-1707)- History of SubContinent
Rise of Mughal Empire (1625-1707)- History of SubContinent
This Documentary was a project of History of Sub Continent. Dr Zabir Saeed Badar are supporting the "batch of 2019 BBA (Hons) Semester 7".
Pre Islamic Arabs and Muslims
The presentation give brief idea on social and religious life of Arabia during the pre islamic period and also touches the expansion of Islam as a world religion.
The abbasids ppt 10 april 2016
The Abbasids ruled from 751-983 AD and established their capital in Baghdad. During their Golden Age from 775-861 AD, Baghdad became a global center for science, philosophy, medicine and education under rulers like Al-Mansour and Harun Al-Rashid. The House of Wisdom gathered knowledge from many cultures and advanced fields like algebra, geometry, astronomy, and the introduction of paper and the number zero. However, as the empire grew too large to govern effectively and rulers became distant from the people, rebellions emerged and the Abbasid Caliph became merely a religious figurehead by 930 AD, leading to their eventual decline.
Nehru Report
The Nehru Report proposed constitutional reforms for India based on discussions at the All Parties Conferences of 1928. Key provisions included:
- Dominion status for India with a central parliament and provincial councils
- Rejection of separate electorates in favor of joint electorates with reserved seats for minority communities
- Fundamental rights for citizens including equal rights for women and no state religion
The report faced criticism from groups like the Muslim League, Hindu Mahasabha, and younger leaders like Nehru and Bose who wanted full independence.
Gandhara Civilization Rise Fall & Today
The document provides an overview of the Gandhara civilization located in northern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. It discusses the geography, history, culture, religion, art, and architecture of the Gandhara kingdom from its rise in the 1st millennium BC under Buddhist rule to its fall in the 10th-11th century after Muslim conquests. Key periods discussed include the Persian, Greek, Mauryan, Kushan, and Turkish rule over the region before its decline.
Umayyad dynasty
This is a PowerPoint presentation on the topic The Umayyad Dynasty. In this ppt I have written all basic information about Umayyad Dynasty and I hope so that you all will like this presentation and my all those efforts that I put to make it.
Thankyou so much!
The golden age of islam
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Umayyad Caliphate between 661-750 CE and the transition to the Abbasid Caliphate. It describes how the Umayyads established the first Islamic dynasty in Damascus after the Muslim Civil War, but internal divisions and indulgence in luxury weakened their rule over time. The Abbasids then overthrew the Umayyads in 750 CE with the support of non-Arab Muslims, establishing a new capital in Baghdad and administrative structure influenced by Persian traditions that led to two centuries of stability and prosperity known as the Golden Age of Islam.
Muslim advent
The document provides information on the Muslim advent in the Indian subcontinent from 712-1556 CE. It summarizes the campaigns of key Muslim rulers like Muhammad bin Qasim, Mahmud Ghaznavi, Muhammad Ghori, the Mamluk and Khalji sultans who established Islamic rule in parts of South Asia through military conquests and expansion of the Delhi Sultanate. Critical battles, territories captured, and administrative policies implemented are outlined. Key figures that advanced the reach of Muslim political control during this period are named.
History of Sindh
Sindh is a province of Pakistan located along the Indus River. It has historically been home to the Sindhi people and was an important center of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization between 2500-1500 BC. In 711 AD, the Umayyad general Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh, bringing the region into contact with Islam. Several dynasties, including the Samma and Kalhora, ruled Sindh over subsequent centuries. The capital and largest city of Sindh is now Karachi, Pakistan's financial hub.
War of independance
war of independence : 1857
the revolt was the first independence war but the British said This is the rebellion, mutiny.this war is between the Indian soldiers and British Indian army .
War of Independence 1857 (Indian Revolt 1857)
It is a power point work on the Indian mutiny of 1857 or the Indian attempt to gain self rule against British. If you do not get the concept from this work you can watch the video at last.
SIR SYED AHMED KHAN
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was a 19th century Muslim philosopher and social reformer from India who founded the Aligarh Muslim University in 1875. He established several schools and promoted scientific thinking and modern education for Indian Muslims. Sir Syed also participated in politics and helped develop independent Muslim political organizations. He is recognized as one of the founding fathers of Pakistan for his role in advocating for Muslim political and educational advancement separate from majority Hindu groups.
Muslim advent
Most historians believe that Islam originated in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, approximately 600 years after the founding of Christianity.
Evolution and Growth of Muslim in sub continent .pptx
1. The document traces the ancient empires and civilizations of the Indian subcontinent from the Stone Age through the Delhi Sultanate period. It discusses the Indus Valley Civilization, the Vedic Period, the Mauryan Empire, the Kushan Empire, the Delhi Sultanate, and the rise of the Mughal Dynasty. 2. Key empires and rulers mentioned include the Indus Valley Civilization, Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka, the Kushans like Kanishka, the Delhi Sultanates including the Slave Dynasty and the Khilji Dynasty, and Babur's founding of the Mughal Dynasty by defeating Ibrahim Lodhi in 1526. 3. Islam
Muslim Rule in Spain
After the Umayyad caliphate fell in Damascus, the last surviving member fled to Iberia and established himself as the Emir of Cordoba in 756. He made Cordoba the capital and established the Umayyad emirate. For over two centuries, Córdoba flourished under the emirs and caliphs, becoming one of the most advanced cities in Europe with vast libraries, philosophical and scientific achievements, and a prosperous economy. However, internal struggles after the caliphate's collapse in 1031 led to the fragmentation of Al-Andalus into competing taifa kingdoms, weakening Muslim rule and allowing the Christian reconquista to gain ground.
All India Muslim League
The document summarizes key events in the history of the All India Muslim League from its founding in 1906 to 1947:
- The Muslim League was established in 1906 in Dhaka to protect Muslim political interests in British India. Muhammad Ali Jinnah joined in 1913 and played a key role thereafter.
- Important early resolutions protested discrimination against Indians in South Africa and ended indentured labor. Allama Iqbal's 1930 Allahabad address advocated for a separate Muslim state in Northwest India.
- Jinnah was elected president in 1934 and reorganized the League, emphasizing that independence must protect minorities. His 1935 Aligarh speech united Muslims against the perceived threat from the Indian National Congress.
EMERGENCE OF ISLAM IN SUB-CONTINENT 715 1557
The document summarizes the emergence of Islam in the Indian subcontinent from 715 to 1557 CE by discussing six Muslim dynasties that ruled parts of the region during this period. It provides details on rulers, territories controlled, and key events for each dynasty: the Umayyad (661-749 CE), Abbasids (750-1258 CE), Saffarid Dynasty of Seistan (861-1003 CE), Qaramitah Dynasty of Multan (980-1175 CE), Yamini or Ghaznivid Dynasty (977-1186 CE), and Ghurid Dynasty (1149-1206 CE).
First battle of panipat
The document summarizes the First Battle of Panipat fought in 1526 between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodi. It led to the defeat of Ibrahim Lodi and the establishment of the Mughal Empire in India by Babur. Key events include Babur's use of artillery and innovative war tactics that overwhelmed Ibrahim Lodi's forces, ending the Delhi Sultanate and establishing Mughal rule over North India. The battle marked a major turning point in Indian history and political landscape.
complete history of caliphate Umayyad
The Umayyad Caliphate began in 661 AD after Mu'awiyah defeated the fourth caliph Ali and established the Umayyad dynasty. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly through military conquests. They also standardized the administration of the empire by establishing boards to oversee finances, correspondence, and other functions. The Umayyads made Damascus their capital and ruled over a vast territory, spreading Islam widely during their rule. However, internal conflicts and the rise of the Abbasid revolutionary movement eventually led to the downfall of the Umayyad dynasty in 750 AD.
What's hot (20)
Rise of Mughal Empire (1625-1707)- History of SubContinent
Rise of Mughal Empire (1625-1707)- History of SubContinent
Evolution and Growth of Muslim in sub continent .pptx
Evolution and Growth of Muslim in sub continent .pptx
Similar to India
A BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIA
The ancient Indus Valley Civilization arose around 2600 BC in the Indus River valley region of modern day India and Pakistan. At its peak between 2300-1700 BC, large urban settlements like Mohenjo-Daro had populations of 35,000-50,000 people and advanced infrastructure like gridded streets and drainage systems. The civilization declined around 1700 BC for unknown reasons. Later, Aryan pastoralists migrated to India after 1500 BC and established kingdoms. The first major empire was the Mauryan Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BC, which extended across northern India under the rule of Ashoka in the 3rd century BC. The Gupta Empire arose in the 4th century AD
South Asian Empires .pptx
The document provides information on several South Asian empires that emerged between 550 BCE to 1700 CE. It discusses the Kingdom of Magadha, the first powerful kingdom located along the Ganges River. It then summarizes the Mauryan Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 320 BCE and highlights the reign of Ashoka. Next, it covers the Kushan Empire and the Gupta Empire which reached its peak under Chandragupta II. Finally, it briefly discusses the Mughal Empire founded by Babur and some of its major rulers like Akbar, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb.
The ancient east india and china
The document provides a detailed overview of the geography, history, and culture of India. It describes the Indian subcontinent's diverse terrain, including the Himalayan mountains, the Ganges river valley, the Indus river valley, and coastal plains. It traces the development of civilization in the Indus Valley as well as the later arrival and settlement of Indo-European peoples known as Aryans. The Aryans established Vedic religion and Sanskrit, and introduced social hierarchies like the caste system. Major empires like the Maurya and Gupta dynasties unified parts of India at different points. The document also examines aspects of Indian society, economy, and culture through history.
The ancient east india and china
The document provides a detailed overview of the geography, history, and culture of India. It describes the Indian subcontinent's diverse terrain, including the Himalayan mountains, the Ganges river valley, the Indus river valley, and coastal plains. It traces the development of early civilizations like the Indus Valley civilization as well as the later arrival and settlement of Indo-European peoples known as Aryans. The Aryans established Vedic religion and Sanskrit, and introduced social hierarchies like the caste system. Major empires that rose and fell in India are also summarized.
Whole Persian Slide Show
The Ancient Persian Empire, also known as the Achaemenid Empire, stretched from the Indus River Valley to Anatolia at its height. It was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great and expanded under subsequent rulers like Darius I. The empire dominated its region through military strength and established an extensive trade network along the Royal Road. Zoroastrianism became the dominant religion during this time. The empire began to decline in the 5th century BCE following its defeat by Alexander the Great and the Macedonians.
History of pakistan 1912 to date
This document provides a historical overview of Pakistan from 1206 CE to the present day. It summarizes the rule of several dynasties that controlled the region, including the Slave Dynasty from 1206-1290 CE, the Khalji Dynasty from 1290-1320 CE who expanded the empire but then collapsed due to internal divisions, and the Tughluq Dynasty from 1320-1412 CE who overthrew the previous dynasty and established their rule.
Events in South East Asia 800-1600
The document summarizes the spread of Buddhism and cultural influences from India to Southeast Asia between the 3rd century BCE and 15th century CE. It discusses how Ashoka promoted Buddhism in India, and how Buddhism then spread across Asia via trade routes. Merchant activity introduced Indian religions like Hinduism and Buddhism to Southeast Asia, influencing kingdoms' social structures, languages, and religions. Powerful kingdoms like Srivijaya and Majapahit controlled maritime trade routes. The Khmer Empire was the most powerful, building the city of Angkor, which supported over 1 million people at its height. The document provides details on the rise of the Khmer Empire under Jayavarman II and the construction of monuments like Angkor
Story of India Kashmir and Pakistan
The Samjhauta Express arrived in Old Delhi Railway Station from Lahore, carrying 86 passengers including 14 Pakistani nationals. Many passengers were reuniting with family after long periods of separation, highlighting the personal bonds that transcend political tensions between India and Pakistan. While some passengers criticized how tensions are amplified by the media and affect ordinary citizens, others noted the harsher security checks faced on the Indian side at the border. Most passengers expressed that the two countries hold ordinary people with no animosity, and that both nations feel like home to those with family ties on both sides of the border.
1.3 d southeast Asia 1
The document summarizes the spread of Buddhism and cultural influences from India to Southeast Asia between 500 BCE to 1500 CE. It discusses how Indian merchants introduced Hinduism and Buddhism to the region through trade, and how various kingdoms like Funan and the Khmer Empire adopted Indian religions, social structures, and languages. It also describes the maritime empires of Srivijaya and Majapahit that controlled trade routes and influenced the spread of culture. The founding myth of Cambodia is presented, which tells of an Indian prince marrying a Naga princess and establishing the first Khmer dynasty.
Indian empires (2)
The document summarizes the early empires of India from 512 BC to the Gupta Empire between 320-535 AD. It discusses the Persian and Magadha states in the 6th century BC and the rise of the Maurya Dynasty in the 4th century BC led by Chandragupta Maurya. It then covers the expansion of the Maurya Empire under Ashoka in the 3rd century BC and the spread of Buddhism. Following the decline of the Mauryas, the document outlines the invasions of the Bactrian Greeks and Kushans and their cultural influences. It concludes with the golden age of the Gupta Empire in northern India and the independent kingdom of the Tamils in southern India.
Ancient history of south asia
The history of South Asia began with evidence of human activity dating back 75,000 years ago. Two early civilizations were the Indus Valley Civilization from around 3300-1300 BCE, and the Vedic period from 1500-500 BCE. During this Vedic period, Indian culture matured and major religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism emerged. From 500 BCE to 1200 CE, South Asia was dominated by numerous independent kingdoms, with only two major empires - the Mauryan Empire from 300-200 BCE and the Gupta Empire from 300-500 CE. The early Islamic period from 1200-1500 CE saw the rise of the Delhi Sultanate, which controlled northern India and briefly expanded to cover
Akbar
Akbar was one of the greatest Mughal emperors, reigning from 1556 to 1605 and expanding the empire. He was a religious reformer who promoted tolerance of all faiths and opened government positions to people of all backgrounds. Through his marriages to Hindu, Muslim, and Christian women, he sought to transform Muslim interactions with non-Muslims in India. His empire was the largest and most prosperous in the world at the time, extending from Afghanistan to Bengal.
indian civilization
The document provides an overview of the development of civilization in India. It summarizes that the Indus Valley was the site of early river valley civilizations, including the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. The Aryans later brought Sanskrit to India. Religious literature from this period includes the Vedas and Upanishads. Hinduism and the caste system emerged, influencing society. Buddhism and Jainism also developed as religious traditions. Several empires rose and fell over time, including the Mauryan, Gupta, and Mughal empires, with cultural and economic achievements during periods of stability and prosperity.
Indian civilization
The document summarizes the history of Indian civilization from ancient times to the establishment of empires. It describes the Indus Valley civilization including the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. The Aryans later invaded and their Vedic period saw the development of Sanskrit and the Vedas. Major empires included the Mauryan Empire under Ashoka, the Gupta Empire which was a period of cultural flourishing, and the Mughal Empire which ruled in the 16th century. Key contributions of Indian civilization included urban planning, major religions, mathematics, and architectural achievements.
Empires and Theology in the Near East
The document summarizes the history of several ancient civilizations in the Near East, including the Assyrians, Phoenicians, and Persians. The Assyrians emerged as a powerful empire beginning in 900 BC, conquering much of the region through military strength and brutality. They were later conquered when their enemies united against them. The Phoenicians were skilled seafarers and traders who spread commerce and their alphabet. The Persians rose to power in the 6th century BC under Cyrus the Great and created a large empire through conquest, adopting a policy of tolerating local customs.
Global Project Persia
The document provides information about the ancient Persian Empire, including its geography, climate, government, culture, and key rulers like Cyrus the Great. The Persian Empire spanned a vast area under rulers who established an advanced system of governance with administrative divisions and a network of roads. Zoroastrianism was an influential religion that emphasized choices between good and evil. Persian achievements included architectural feats, artworks, and technological advances.
Global Project Persia
The document provides information about the ancient Persian Empire, including its geography, climate, government, culture, and key rulers like Cyrus the Great. The Persian Empire spanned a vast area under rulers who established an influential form of governance that granted religious freedom and cultural expression. Zoroastrianism became a dominant religion during this time. The empire reached its peak under rulers like Cyrus and Darius, who expanded its territories through conquest while instituting policies of tolerance.
Llb i choi u i ancient and mediaeval age
The document discusses the ancient and medieval judicial systems in India. It covers the Vedic period from 1750-500 BCE which established the foundations of Hinduism. The Sultanate period from the 12th-13th centuries saw the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate by Turkic and Afghan invaders. The Mughal Empire was established in 1526 and covered much of South Asia. During the British rule period starting in the 17th century, European trading companies like the British East India Company established political influence over Indian kingdoms which eventually led to direct British control over the subcontinent by the 19th century.
9hsouthandseasiachp9
This document provides an overview of the expansion of civilizations in South and Southeast Asia from 500-1500 CE. It discusses the Kushan Kingdom and their role in regional trade via the Silk Road. It then covers the rise and decline of the Gupta Empire in India and the subsequent transformation and decline of Buddhism. The arrival and spread of Islam through invaders like Mahmud of Ghazni and the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate are described. The document examines society, culture, economics and daily life under the Sultanate. It concludes with a section on early states in Southeast Asia and the role of India.
Similar to India (20)
More from School
Elizabeth Taylor
This document provides a biography of Elizabeth Taylor, the famous Hollywood actress. It details her extensive film career spanning over 60 films, her eight marriages, and her private life which was widely publicized. Taylor was known for her great beauty and became a major star in films like National Velvet, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, and Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf, for which she won two Academy Awards. She had a famous relationship with her costar Richard Burton, whom she married twice. Later in life, Taylor battled health and addiction issues but remained a prominent figure through her charity work to support AIDS research.
Peter the Great
Peter the Great visited the Netherlands multiple times in the late 17th century to learn about Western shipbuilding, technology, and governance. Inspired by Amsterdam's canal architecture, Peter decided to build a new Russian capital, St. Petersburg, on the Baltic coast. Over the course of his reign and those of subsequent rulers, St. Petersburg grew into a grand European-style city to rival other Western capitals and serve as Russia's window to the West.
Getting to Know Your Kindle
This document provides an overview of using Kindles in educational settings. It discusses Kindle features like text-to-speech, highlighting, annotations and dictionaries that can benefit English language learners. It also covers organizing content on Kindles through collections and libraries. Case studies show Kindles improving reading scores, access to books, and enthusiasm for reading in Ghana and the US. Example lesson ideas are given like reading comprehension questions and identifying parts of speech.
Summer seminar
This document provides an itinerary and photos from a summer seminar in 2005 at Cambridge University in Great Britain for a team of finalists from the TEA program. Over the course of the seminar, the group toured local sites, met with professors and colleagues from the US and Russia, attended lectures on the Cold War period, and presented graduation papers at the conclusion of the program.
Dagestan – land of Myths and Legends
This document summarizes several legends and folk traditions from the Dagestan region of Russia. It describes myths related to heavenly bodies, weather phenomena, sacred mountains and caves, and heroic figures from Dagestani history. The legends help preserve the ancestral wisdom and customs of the local people and shed light on their pre-monotheistic beliefs and pantheon of gods.
Daegu International School
The document provides information about the city of Daegu, South Korea. It discusses that Daegu is the fourth largest city in South Korea, and the capital of Gyeongsangbuk-do province. The emblem and mascot of Daegu are described. It notes that Daegu hosted some matches in the 2002 FIFA World Cup and will host the 2011 World Championships in Athletics. Several cultural sites in Daegu are briefly outlined, including the Daegu National Museum, Daegu EXCO convention center, and traditional foods like makchang gui and ttaro gukbap. The document also lists some of Daegu's sister cities around the world.
Daegu
Daegu is the fourth largest city in South Korea with over 2.5 million residents. It has extreme temperatures ranging from -20°C to 40°C and is known for dishes like makchang and gobchang made from pork and beef intestines. The city contains several mountains and parks and is home to the popular Samsung Lions baseball team. The United States maintains a military presence in Daegu and South Korea through United States Forces Korea to support South Korea and the United Nations following the Korean War.
Dagestan2
Dagestan is located in the Caucasus Mountains region between Europe and Asia. It has three main treasures - its land, water, and people. The land consists of mountainous and lowland areas, with mountains covering over half the territory. Rivers like the Terek and Sulak provide water and support irrigation. Dagestan is home to over 30 ethnic groups who have historically lived peacefully together and now form a united community within the Russian Federation.
Food presentation
Teh Tarik is a hot Malaysian tea beverage made from black tea and condensed milk. It is prepared by repeatedly pouring the tea mixture between vessels from a height, which cools the drink while mixing in the milk and enhancing the flavor. Nasi Lemak is Malaysia's national dish consisting of coconut rice served with condiments like anchovies, cucumber, peanuts, and a spicy sambal chili paste. Ais Kacang is a popular dessert made with shaved ice, red beans, peanuts, and toppings of condensed milk or coconut milk.
Some Dishes of Dagestan Cuisine
This document provides summaries of several dishes from the cuisine of Dagestan. Shashlik are kebabs made from marinated mutton, tomatoes, and onions that are cooked on a mangal stove and served hot, sometimes with wine or brandy. Avar khinkal is a dough made with yogurt that is rolled out, cut into pieces, boiled and served with lamb and garlic sauce. Manty are meat pies made with a dough that is rolled out, cut into pieces, filled with meat and steamed. Chebureky are fried Caucasian pies made by stuffing dough balls with meat and frying them until golden brown.
How to cook borsch
This document provides instructions for making borsch, a traditional Russian beet soup. It can be made with beef or just vegetables. The main ingredients are beetroot, tomatoes, carrots, potatoes, cabbage, beef or vegetable broth, garlic, dill, olive oil, vinegar and sour cream. The beef or vegetables are simmered in water to make a broth, then additional vegetables are cooked in butter and added to the broth along with seasonings to taste.
Elizabeth Taylor
Elizabeth Taylor (1932-2011) was a legendary Hollywood actress known for her striking beauty and iconic films. Over her career spanning 60 films, she received praise for her acting abilities and won two Academy Awards. Taylor battled health issues in her later years but devoted herself to philanthropic causes, especially AIDS research and patients, raising over $100 million. She passed away in 2011 at age 79 after making a significant impact through her artistic and humanitarian work.
Dagestan is a wonderful place for tourism
Dagestan is considered one of the most interesting tourist centers in Russia. It has a variety of landscapes and climates that allow tourism year-round. Tourists can learn about the region's rich history, culture and traditions through historical monuments, mosques, and the ancient city of Derbent along the Silk Road. The Highland region has a unique climate and alpine landscapes that are favorable for rest. The Caspian Sea coast provides sandy beaches for swimming and sunbathing in fresh, humid air. Dagestan preserves many architectural and historical monuments and has natural attractions like the Sary-Kum sand dunes and Sulak Canyon.
Moscow1
Moscow is the heart and soul of the Russian Federation. Some of its most iconic landmarks are featured, including Red Square, St. Basil's Cathedral, the Kremlin and its towers, monuments to important historical figures like Pushkin and Gagarin, and cultural institutions such as the Bolshoi Theatre and Tretyakov Gallery.
Lessons in Kindness
This document describes the "Lessons in Kindness" project carried out by ACCESS students in Khasavyurt, Russia from 2008-2009. Students wrote stories about kindness and respect that were compiled into a book. The book was well received by teachers and helped motivate students to learn English. It has since been introduced in schools across Russia and other countries to promote tolerance among young people. The project shows how student-created materials can be an effective way to teach English and positive values.
Dagestan is a Wonderful Place for Tourism
Dagestan is a diverse region located in southern Russia along the Caspian Sea. It has varied landscapes ranging from mountains to lowland plains. The climate and geography allow for tourism year-round, including opportunities for hiking, fishing, hunting, and learning about the region's rich cultural history. Dagestan has mineral springs, medical mud, and developing tourist infrastructure to encourage visitors to experience the natural beauty and local craftspeople across its three main geographic areas.
Use of New Technologies
The document discusses using new technologies and online communication in English lessons and extracurricular activities to improve education. It aims to teach students to effectively use technologies, understand how education has changed from learning to knowing, and acquire skills like independent learning, problem-solving, and creating new knowledge. Using the internet allows teachers to expand beyond textbooks, make lessons more interesting and engaging for all students, and participate in international projects and communication, which is now an indispensable part of English lessons.
There Is
The document discusses the use of "there is/are" to indicate the presence or absence of an object in a location. It provides examples of affirmative, interrogative, and negative sentences using "there is/are" in the present, past, and future tenses. It also includes exercises for the learner to practice forming sentences with "there is/are".
More from School (20)
Recently uploaded
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Constructing Your Course Container for Effective Communication
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Bed Making ( Introduction, Purpose, Types, Articles, Scientific principles, N...
Topic : Bed making
Subject : Nursing Foundation
Recently uploaded (20)
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
Constructing Your Course Container for Effective Communication
Constructing Your Course Container for Effective Communication
Bed Making ( Introduction, Purpose, Types, Articles, Scientific principles, N...
Bed Making ( Introduction, Purpose, Types, Articles, Scientific principles, N...
India
- 1. India
- 6. The civilization that laid the bricks, one of the world's oldest, was known as the Indus. They had a written language and were highly sophisticated. Dating back to 3000 BC, they originated in the south and moved north, building complex, mathematically-planned cities. Some of these towns were almost three miles in diameter and contained as many as 30,000 residents. These ancient municipalities had granaries, citadels, and even household toilets. In Mohenjodaro, a mile-long canal connected the city to the sea, and trading ships sailed as far as Mesopotamia. At its height, the Indus civilization extended over half a million square miles across the Indus river valley, and though it existed at the same time as the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Sumer, it far outlasted them.