India
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This document provides an overview of India, including: - India is located in South Asia, bordering China, Nepal, and Pakistan. Its capital is Delhi and its population is the second largest in the world. - Important national symbols include the tri-colored flag, the Ashoka Chakra, the national flower (lotus), tree (banyan), animal (Royal Bengal tiger), and bird (peacock). - Major festivals celebrated in India are Navratri, Dusshera, Diwali, Christmas, Holi, and Eid. Popular dances include Bharatnatyam, Kathak, Odissi and folk dances vary by region. - India
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India
- 1. GREETINGS FROM INDIA : NAMASTE
- 2. MAP of INDIA INDIA ALSO KNOWN AS BHARAT CAPITAL : DELHI
- 3. WHERE IN THE WORLD : 7th Largest
- 4. INDIA IS IN SOUTH ASIA, NEXT TO CHINA, NEPAL & PAKISTAN
- 5. INDIA’S POPLULATION IS THE 2ND LARGEST IN THE WORLD
- 6. TRI-COLORED FLAG Courage and Selflessness Peace and Truth Prosperity and Fertility The Ashok chakra signifies Justice and Progress.
- 7. INDIA HAS 28 STATES AND 7 UNION TERRITORIES SHREYAS GURMAN ANIRUDH ARCHANNA
- 8. FATHER OF THE NATION : INDEPENDENCE DAY : AUGUST 15 MAHTMA GANDHI REPUBLIC DAY : JANUARY 26
- 9. Indian Currency : Rupees
- 10. Capital of India : DELHI
- 11. NATIONAL SYMBOLS National Flower : LOTUS National Fruit ‘: MANGO NATIONAL EMBLEM National Tree : BANYAN TREE National Animal: National BIRD: PEACOCK ROYAL BENGAL TIGER
- 12. LARGEST DEMOCRACY PRESIDENT OF INDIA : PRANAB MUKHERJEE PRESIDENT HOUSE
- 13. OTHER BIG CITIES KOLKATA MUMBAI CHENNAI BANGALORE HYDERABAD
- 15. THE LAND OF TEMPLES, PALACES,FORTS AND HOLY CITIES
- 16. CLASSICAL DANCES Manipuri, Kuchipudi, Sattriya, Odissi, Bharatnatyam, Kathak, Mohiniyattam and Kathakali
- 18. FOLK DANCES Nati, Bengali, Lavni, Giddha, Bhagoria Dedhia , Bhangra, Ghoomar, Sambalpuri, Garbha, Goan, Velakali
- 19. Traditional Wear
- 20. FESTIVALS Navratri, Dusshera, Christmas, Lohri, Diwali, Rakshabandhan, Eid, Pongal, Ugadi, Durga Puja, Holi , Onam
- 21. Weddings
- 22. FOOD
- 23. LANGUAGES • Official Language is Hindi. • 2nd language English. • 22 other official languages. • More than 1600 mother tongues.
- 24. DIFFERENT SCRIPTS Hindi, marathi, Bengla, gurmukhi urdu,tamil , kannada
- 25. PHYSICAL MAP
- 26. THE GREAT HIMALAYAS IN THE NORTH
- 27. THAR DESERT IN THE WEST
- 29. COAST IN THE SOUTH
- 30. THE DECCAN PLATEAU IN MIDDLE
- 31. Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and Indian Ocean
- 32. BIG CITY LIFE IN INDIA
- 33. SCENES FROM AN INDIAN VILLAGE
- 34. A BEAUTIFUL VILLAGE IN RAJASTHAN
- 35. SCHOOLS IN INDIA
- 38. WONDER OF THE WORLD : TAJ MAHAL
- 39. WE ARE CRAZY ABOUT CRICKET
- 40. AND WE ARE CRAZY ABOUT BOLLYWOOD TOO!
- 41. INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE WORLD
- 42. INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE WORLD Aryabhatt Mahatma Gandhi Swami Vivekanand Ramanujan Invented 0 Power of Non-Violence Humanitarian Mathematician Rabindra Nath Tagore C V Raman Mother Teresa Har Gobind Khorana Literature – Nobel Prize Physicist – Nobel Prize Peace – Nobel Prize Medicine – Nobel Prize
- 43. INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE WORLD Subrahmanyan Amartya Sen Venkatraman V.S. Naipaul Chandrashekar Economics – Ramkrishnan Literature – Physics – Nobel Prize Nobel Prize Chemistry – Nobel Prize Nobel Prize Indira Gandhi Baba Ramdev 2nd Woman to head a govt. Yoga and Pranayam
- 44. INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE WORLD Priyanka Chopra, Lara Dutta, Diya Mirza Winners from 2000 beauty Pageants Sushmita Sen Ashwarya Rai Ms Universe 1994 – MS World 1994 , First from India Ambassador for UNAIDS Leander Paes and Mahesh Bhupathi Vishwanathan Pankaj Advani Tennis Anand Billiards Chess
- 45. INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE WORLD Bhimsen Joshi Satyajit Ray Classical Music Ravi Shankar Lata Mangeshkar Classical Music Sitar Film A.R Rahman Music Music Amitabh Bachchan Dilip Kumar Kamal Hassan Rajnikanth Shabana Azmi
- 46. DIWALI : FESTIVAL OF LIGHTS
- 47. WHAT IS DIWALI • Celebration of return of King Ram, his wife Queen Sita , brother Lakshman after 14 years of exile and killing the evil king Ravan.
- 48. WHAT DO WE DO ON DIWALI
Editor's Notes
- Hello everybody. My name is Swati. You all know me as Shreyas’ mom. I am here to talk to you all about the country India. When we greet people here we say Hello or How are you doing? In India, we say Namaste or Sat Shree Akaal, Salam walekum and ofcourse Hello.
- This is the map of India. On the globe you can see it is here. India is also known as Bharat. The capital of India is Delhi which is right here.
- India is the 7th largest nation in the world. It is here on the world map. It is in continent Asia. This is USA. So when we go to India to visit our families there we fly for about 20 hours to reach there.
- Neighbours of India are Pakistan china nepal and srilanka.
- There are a lot of people from India in the world. In fact we are 2nd largest population in the world. About 1.2 billion
- Flag of India has 3 colors with a wheel in the center. Each of these colors mean something. Orange or Saffron stands for Courage and Selflessness. Selflessness means concern for others. White stands for Peace and Truth. Whereas green is for prosperity and Fertility. The wheel in the middle is in Blue and is called Ashok chakra. It represents Justice and Progress.
- India is divided into 28states and 7 union territories. Your friends here have some of their families in these states of India. Gurman has in Punjab, Anirudh in Karnataka , Archana in Tamilnadu and Shreyas in Uttar Pradesh.
- This is Mahtamagandhi. He is the father of our nation. He helped India get its independence. India celebrates its independence day on august 15 and republic day on january 26. The prime minister of india addresses nation on independence day from Red Fort in Delhi. On republic day we have parade in delhi and other parts of the country.
- Indians buy and sell things in Rupees as we use dollar here. This is how indian rupees look like. We have picture of our father of nation mahatma gandhi on all the rupees.
- These are a few of the buildings in Delhi, the capital of india. This is the parliament house where the govt of india works from. This is the view of red fort. This is india gate which marks the people who died in various wars including world wars. This is picture of Lotus temple.
- The national symbols of india. WE have national emblem – Ashok stambh. National flower is lotus. National fruit is mango, tree is banyan tree, animal is royal bengal tiger and bird is peacock.
- India is considered world’s largest democracy. The present president of India is Pranabmukherjee as USA has barackobama. The president of india lives in president house or rashtrapatibhavan as president of usa lives in white house.
- Some other big cities of india you might have heard about are mumbai, chennaikolkatabanglore and hyderabad. Mumbai is famous for movies and finance, chennai again for movies, kolkata for music, banglore and hyderabad are software hubs.
- India is a country known for its unity in diversity. We have people from different religions living there. This is a hindu temple, sikh golden temple or gurudwara, jamamasjid and Church in Goa.
- It is land of temples palaces forts and holy places. We have tourists coming from all over the world to see these.
- There are 8 classical dances in India. Manipuri, kuchipudiSattriyaodissibharatnatyamkathakmohiniyattam and kathakali
- These are some popular musical instruments from india. This is sitar, harmonium, tablasarangidhapli, bansuri among others
- India is full of folk dances. Each state has its own folk dance. I have included some of them here.
- Most traditional wear you will find in india among women is salwar suit, sarees and ghaghracholi. Where as men are in dhoti-kurta, or sherwani. Some part of the country have men in head gear like pagri, dastarpheta or gandhi cap.
- Some of the most popular festivals celebrated in India are Navratri – 9 day festival. On 10th day we celebrate dusshera where we burn the effigy of Ravan – an evil king and have carnival. We also celebrate christmas. Lohri is celebrated to mark of end of winter season. Today is diwali. It is a festival of light. In the end I will explain further why we celebrate diwali. Rakshabandhan is the festival celbrated by brothers and sisters. Eid is a muslim festival celebrated to mark the end of ramdan – the month of fasting. Pongal is the festival celebrated in the southern parts of india for harvest. Ugadi is new years day celebrations. Durgapuja is another 9 day celebration in eastern parts. Holi is celebration of win of good over evil. Onam is keralafesitval to mark the return of their king mahabali.
- Indian wedding – the bride the groom – depends on the part of the country and the religion you follow. This is a hindu wedding, this one is muslim wedding , christian wedding, hindu wedding in south, in west and in east.
- Some of the food from different parts of the country. Snacks like samosa from north,khandwi from west, seekhkabab, biryanipanibatashadosaidli etc.
- The official language of India is Hindi. 2nd is english. Other than that we have22 other official languages. But as you move from one part of the country to other you will hear different dialects and mother tongues.
- Some of the different scripts of indian languages are here – hindi as shreyas’s family, gurmukhi in Gurman’s, kannada and konkani in Anirudh and tamil at archana’s
- This is how india looks like from above. It is physical map of india. We have mountains desert oceans rivers coasts and plateau in india
- It has himalayas in the north
- A big city in India might look like this.
- Where as an indian village might be like this.
- And this.
- We have schools in villages and cities. The kids in india do assemblies. They might use notebooks and slates to do their work.
- To go around inindia you might use a different vehicle depending upon where you are. For villages and small towns you will see horse or bull or camel pulled carts also called tanga or ikka. Tractor is avery popular transport vehicle in villages. Bicycles and rickshaw are also popular in India both in big and small parts. This man here is using motor cycle to deliver milk at homes. Scooter with family. Three wheeler tempo and auto for public transport.
- Cars and buses of course are more popular in cities. Trucks are for cargo transfer. Where as trains and subway metros for travel with in city or across the country. Air planes are also there for domestic and international travel.
- Tajmahal is part of the 7 wonders of the world. It is white marble building built by king shahanshah in memory of his wife mumtazmahal. The symmetry architecture and beauty of tajmahal has amazed people all over the world.
- India is crazy about cricket. It is like football in USA.
- And also India is crazy about their movies which are full of drama dances and songs.
- India has contributed quite a few things to the world. We all know yog is from india. India also gave number system, place system to the world. The game of chess also comes from india
- These are some of the people from india who are respected all over the world for their contribution. Aryabhatt who invented number 0, mahtmagandhi who taught how you can win peacefully, swami viveknand – humanitarian, ramanujan for maths, tagore for literature – the national anthem janganamann was written by him. Physicist cvraman, mother teresa who helped poor and ill people all her life, hargobindkhorana in medicine
- Then we have chandrashekhar another physicist amartyasen in economics. Recent years we had naipaul in literature and ramkrishnan in chemistry recognized by nobel prize for their work.Indiragandhi – the most popular prime minister of india was the 2nd woman in the world to head a govt. Baba ramdev is another person from india who has made indian way of exercising – yog and pranayam popular all over the world.
- We had quite a few of international beauties over the year. India won the ms universe in 1994 by sushmitasen. Same year ashwaryarai win the ms world contest. In 2000 indian women won all three beauty pageants in the world – ms universe laradutta ms world priyankachopra and ms asia pacific diyamirza.Apart from cricket we also have Vishwanathananand the world champion in chess, pankajadvani in billiards or pool as you know, and paes and bhupathi in tennis.
- These are some people who contributed in the world of music, and cinema. Bhimsenjoshi is known for his classical singing, ravishankar for sitar. Satyajit ray won oscar for film direction. Latamangeshkar is world renowned singer. We all arrahman who won oscar for “jai ho” song. Some of the popular actors from india are AB, DK….