in what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization
in what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization
in what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization
Solution
Difference between Virtual Learning organization and Typical/Conventional organization
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you can
see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
higher
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a conventional organization
is marginal.
Assessment
Virtual organizations require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and corporate
objective
Conventional organizations not require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and
corporate objective
Learning
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ more
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ less
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you
can see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
hi.
In what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from t.pdfudit652068
In what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization?
Solution
Difference between Virtual Learning organization and Typical/Conventional organization
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you can
see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
higher
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a conventional organization
is marginal.
Assessment
Virtual organizations require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and corporate
objective
Conventional organizations not require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and
corporate objective
Learning
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ more
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ less
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you
can see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
higher
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a conventional organization
is marginal.
Assessment
Virtual organizations require frequent and continuous asses.
A virtual organization is an organization involving detached and disseminated entities (from employees to entire enterprises) and requiring information technology to support their work and communication.
Virtual team management is the ability to organize and coordinate with effect a group whose members are not in the same location or time zone, and may not even work for the organization. The predictor of success is–as always–clarity of purpose. But, virtual team management requires deeper understanding of people, process, and technology, and recognition that trust is a more limiting factor compared with face-to-face interactions.
In what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from t.pdfudit652068
In what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization?
Solution
Difference between Virtual Learning organization and Typical/Conventional organization
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you can
see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
higher
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a conventional organization
is marginal.
Assessment
Virtual organizations require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and corporate
objective
Conventional organizations not require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and
corporate objective
Learning
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ more
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ less
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you
can see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
higher
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a conventional organization
is marginal.
Assessment
Virtual organizations require frequent and continuous asses.
A virtual organization is an organization involving detached and disseminated entities (from employees to entire enterprises) and requiring information technology to support their work and communication.
Virtual team management is the ability to organize and coordinate with effect a group whose members are not in the same location or time zone, and may not even work for the organization. The predictor of success is–as always–clarity of purpose. But, virtual team management requires deeper understanding of people, process, and technology, and recognition that trust is a more limiting factor compared with face-to-face interactions.
How we start our strategic partnership with clients? We usually run a HR due diligence project. Have a look at it and do not hesitate to contact me about details.
www.humanvalue.eu
from this presentation you will easily understand about organization,organizational structure, types of organizational structures (tall,flat,virtual and boundary less organizational structures) plus features,importance and purpose of organizational structures,
departmentalization and its form
Virtual Organization, Advantages of Virtual Organization, Disadvantages of Virtual Organization, HUMAN RESOURCE ISSUES IN VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION, TALENT MANAGEMENT, Work-life Balance, Six Sigma, HR Six Sigma Process
Running Head: VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION 1
VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION 3
Virtual Organization
Institution
Professor
Course
Date
Virtual organizations refer to organizations whose employees are geographically spread and connect through phone, internet or email (Hebert, 2017). The concept of a virtual organization utilizes technology from a management perspective in which employees engage in different tasks to achieve the organization’s objectives. There are various benefits associated with virtual organizations. First, the owner of the business incurs lower overhead costs because a virtual organization needs no office space, furniture or paying for utilities (Shamsuzzoha & Helo, 2017). For example, an online education business only needs tutors and students. Secondly, employees are more satisfied due to the comfort of working from their own houses, for instance, tutors in a virtual institution can lecture students at the comfort of their homes. Lastly, the owner of the business can expand the business without having to worry about moving the many employees to a larger office.
However, a virtual organization is prone to many risks that hinder its effectiveness in terms of achieving its objectives. One of the risks is lack of cohesiveness in the organization. This is brought by the fact that the employees are spread and thus difficult to call for an emergency meeting in case an urgent need arises (Wohlers & Hertel, 2017). Secondly, there is a risk to reputation for customers may not perceive a virtual organization as a real company. Lastly, lack of social interaction discourages teamwork. Despite all these, there are various opportunities associated with virtual organizations such as the opportunity to reach the vast majority of the customers as well as an opportunity to change the strategy used by the business easily and for less cost.
References
Hebert, J. L. (2017). The Identification of Leadership Competencies within a Global Virtual Organization (Doctoral dissertation, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology).
Shamsuzzoha, A., & Helo, P. (2017). Virtual supply chain–event handling and risks management in collaborative networks. International Journal of Advanced Logistics, 6(1), 1-13.
Wohlers, C., & Hertel, G. (2017). Choosing where to work at work–towards a theoretical model of benefits and risks of activity-based flexible offices. Ergonomics, 60(4), 467-486.
Friend discussion 1 ( noura)
When independent firms join together and create a network, it is called a virtual organization. Firms with different characters joined temporarily to construct services or products. Virtual organization represent a different organizational form but cannot be considered as a firm's attribute (Cunha & Putnik, 2006). Firms in this type of organization.
Laboratory Report: Antibiotics Results Table 14.2 Antibiotic Susceptibility (Modified Kirby-
Bauer Test) zone svR zone svR zone surMR zone SAR zone svR zone svRe Intermediate, and S
Questions 1. What relationship did you find, if any. between the Gram-staining reaction of a
microorganism and its susceptibility to an antibiotic? 2. Did you observe any small colonies
growing in the zone of inhibition around the antibiotic disc? Explain how this might occur.
Exercise /4 Antibiotics 14-5
Solution
1..
It is thermodynamically possible for a prokaryotic microorganism to .pdfarihantpuneteleshope
It is thermodynamically possible for a prokaryotic microorganism to oxidize S for energy and
electrons, use Fe+++ as a respiratory electron acceptor, reduce CO2 for carbon and reduce N2
for nitrogen, but such an organism is not known to exist. Why? Why can consortia of
microorganisms perform energy transduction processes that individual populations cannot?
Examples?
Solution
Prokaryotes do not possess membrane bound organells such as mitochondria, nucleus,
endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, etc. Hence bacteria can not separate metabolically
incompatible biochemical reactions in descrete components. Thats why bacteria with all the
given features is not known to exist.
The solution to the the problem of compartmentalization is to form association with other
organisms with distinct capabilities of carrying out various biochemical ractions. Bacteria can be
protected from inhibitory environmental factors such as exposure to hihg level of oxygen. Hense
consortia of microorganisms perform energy transduction processes that individual population
can not.
Exampe is microbial mat in which anaerobic, aerobic, photosynthetic, sulphte reducing,
autotrophic, chemoautotrophic, heterotrophic microorganisms are present.
The uppermost layer of microbial mat is generally dominated by photosynthetic aerobic
cynobacteria while the lowest layer is dominated by sulfate reducing anerobic bacteria..
More Related Content
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How we start our strategic partnership with clients? We usually run a HR due diligence project. Have a look at it and do not hesitate to contact me about details.
www.humanvalue.eu
from this presentation you will easily understand about organization,organizational structure, types of organizational structures (tall,flat,virtual and boundary less organizational structures) plus features,importance and purpose of organizational structures,
departmentalization and its form
Virtual Organization, Advantages of Virtual Organization, Disadvantages of Virtual Organization, HUMAN RESOURCE ISSUES IN VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION, TALENT MANAGEMENT, Work-life Balance, Six Sigma, HR Six Sigma Process
Running Head: VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION 1
VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION 3
Virtual Organization
Institution
Professor
Course
Date
Virtual organizations refer to organizations whose employees are geographically spread and connect through phone, internet or email (Hebert, 2017). The concept of a virtual organization utilizes technology from a management perspective in which employees engage in different tasks to achieve the organization’s objectives. There are various benefits associated with virtual organizations. First, the owner of the business incurs lower overhead costs because a virtual organization needs no office space, furniture or paying for utilities (Shamsuzzoha & Helo, 2017). For example, an online education business only needs tutors and students. Secondly, employees are more satisfied due to the comfort of working from their own houses, for instance, tutors in a virtual institution can lecture students at the comfort of their homes. Lastly, the owner of the business can expand the business without having to worry about moving the many employees to a larger office.
However, a virtual organization is prone to many risks that hinder its effectiveness in terms of achieving its objectives. One of the risks is lack of cohesiveness in the organization. This is brought by the fact that the employees are spread and thus difficult to call for an emergency meeting in case an urgent need arises (Wohlers & Hertel, 2017). Secondly, there is a risk to reputation for customers may not perceive a virtual organization as a real company. Lastly, lack of social interaction discourages teamwork. Despite all these, there are various opportunities associated with virtual organizations such as the opportunity to reach the vast majority of the customers as well as an opportunity to change the strategy used by the business easily and for less cost.
References
Hebert, J. L. (2017). The Identification of Leadership Competencies within a Global Virtual Organization (Doctoral dissertation, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology).
Shamsuzzoha, A., & Helo, P. (2017). Virtual supply chain–event handling and risks management in collaborative networks. International Journal of Advanced Logistics, 6(1), 1-13.
Wohlers, C., & Hertel, G. (2017). Choosing where to work at work–towards a theoretical model of benefits and risks of activity-based flexible offices. Ergonomics, 60(4), 467-486.
Friend discussion 1 ( noura)
When independent firms join together and create a network, it is called a virtual organization. Firms with different characters joined temporarily to construct services or products. Virtual organization represent a different organizational form but cannot be considered as a firm's attribute (Cunha & Putnik, 2006). Firms in this type of organization.
Laboratory Report: Antibiotics Results Table 14.2 Antibiotic Susceptibility (Modified Kirby-
Bauer Test) zone svR zone svR zone surMR zone SAR zone svR zone svRe Intermediate, and S
Questions 1. What relationship did you find, if any. between the Gram-staining reaction of a
microorganism and its susceptibility to an antibiotic? 2. Did you observe any small colonies
growing in the zone of inhibition around the antibiotic disc? Explain how this might occur.
Exercise /4 Antibiotics 14-5
Solution
1..
It is thermodynamically possible for a prokaryotic microorganism to .pdfarihantpuneteleshope
It is thermodynamically possible for a prokaryotic microorganism to oxidize S for energy and
electrons, use Fe+++ as a respiratory electron acceptor, reduce CO2 for carbon and reduce N2
for nitrogen, but such an organism is not known to exist. Why? Why can consortia of
microorganisms perform energy transduction processes that individual populations cannot?
Examples?
Solution
Prokaryotes do not possess membrane bound organells such as mitochondria, nucleus,
endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, etc. Hence bacteria can not separate metabolically
incompatible biochemical reactions in descrete components. Thats why bacteria with all the
given features is not known to exist.
The solution to the the problem of compartmentalization is to form association with other
organisms with distinct capabilities of carrying out various biochemical ractions. Bacteria can be
protected from inhibitory environmental factors such as exposure to hihg level of oxygen. Hense
consortia of microorganisms perform energy transduction processes that individual population
can not.
Exampe is microbial mat in which anaerobic, aerobic, photosynthetic, sulphte reducing,
autotrophic, chemoautotrophic, heterotrophic microorganisms are present.
The uppermost layer of microbial mat is generally dominated by photosynthetic aerobic
cynobacteria while the lowest layer is dominated by sulfate reducing anerobic bacteria..
How does the Socratic Method or Elenchus proceed to discover wisdom.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
How does the Socratic Method or Elenchus proceed to discover wisdom?
Solution
The socratic method for seeking wisdom is the most effective route to discovering unique
insights that transend standerd reflection,introspection or contemplation.The Socratic method is
simply the discipline of obtaining answers through continual questioning that can last for days
,months or even years.The wisdom results from having the discipline and courage to keep asking
questions,even when the subject matter seems too difficult or fearful to ponder.
The socratic method also teaches us that a revolutionary answer may not be the ultimate
discovery.instead,it may just be a transitional answer that leads to another question,that draws us
closer to the truth.The socratic method leads to insight as each piece of the puzzle starts to fit.
Socratic goal in using the elenchus seems to be split in several ways.The knowledge of virtuous
living,and there is the acknowledgement of ones own ignorence,is known as socratic wisdom..
For discrete random variables define the probability mass function a.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
For discrete random variables define the probability mass function and the cumulative
distribution function.
Solution
Probability mass function specifies the probabilities at each discrete point. It is defined as f(x) =
P(X=x) for all x in range of X
Cumulative distribution function is defined as F(x) = P(X <= x) for all values in range of X.
Explain the roles of apoptosis in development of the tissues and org.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Explain the roles of apoptosis in development of the tissues and organs of an organism.
Solution
The programmed cell death is called apoptosis. Apoptosis and necrosis are the two processes
through which cell meets death, which are controlled by numerous cell signals. Apoptosis is the
most typical form of cell death that is operated by a series of events controlled by genes
(programmed cell death). The cellular fragments of an apoptotic cell are ingested by the
surrounding cells. The caspases, FAS death receptor and IAP proteins are mainly responsible for
occurrence of apoptosis. The tumor cells usually have the mechanism to escape from apoptosis.
Apoptosis is necessary for the growth and development of the tissue and organs. It removes the
old cells and improper cells and allow the growth of new cells. Apoptosis is also necessary for
shaping the organs and balancing the body weight..
Distinguish between coding diversity and junctional diversity for im.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Distinguish between coding diversity and junctional diversity for immunoglobulins. What are
two types of junctional diversity?
Solution
Ans.) Difference between coding diversity and junctional diversity for immunoglobulins -
Junctional diversity is the variation in the DNA sequence that is incorporated by the
inappropriate joining of gene segments during the process of VDJ recombination. This process of
VDJ recombination has a very significant roles for the vertebrate immune system, as it is capable
of generating a huge repertoire of different T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin molecules which
are required for pathogen antigen recognition by T-cells and B cells, respectively. The
imprecision of joining provided by junctional diversity is expected to triple the diversity initially
generated by these VDJ recombinations.
Hence junctional diversity is basically the variation in DNA sequence whereas coding diversity
is the different combinations of gene segments that can be used in different rearrangement
events.
On the basis of the proteins involved in the process, there is two types of junctional diversity is P
and N nucleotide.
Generation of junctional diversity generation begins with the proteins, recombination activating
gene-1 and -2 (RAG1 and RAG2), in combination with DNA repair proteins, such as Artemis.
These proteins are responsible for single-stranded cleavage of the hairpin loops and adding a
series of palindromic, P nucleotides. Succeeding to this, the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl
transferase (TdT), also add random N nucleotides..
Describe the mechanism that allows a cell to take up specific molecu.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Describe the mechanism that allows a cell to take up specific molecules from the extracellular
fluid. Include the term “ligand” in your answer.
Solution
The transport of the molecules across the lipid bilayer depends on the chemical properties,
solubility, size and concentration gradient of that particular molecule. These molecules are also
termed as ligand. These can be gas molecule like CO2, O2; small hydrophobic molecule-
methane; large biomolecules- glucose, proteins, lipids; small ions; water molecules etc. The lipid
bilayer is hydrophobic in nature and thus restricts the transport of small ions and hydrophillic
molecules. These molecules are assisted in different ways. The various mechanism are:
1. Diffusion: In this simple diffusion, gases like CO2, O2 and N2 can diffuse across the lipid
bilayer without any restriction. Along with gases certain small hydrophobic molecules ethanol
can also diffuse across the lipid bilayer. The transport is down the concentration gradient.
2. Facilitated diffusion: This is also a form of diffusion but through specific channels. These
channels can open and close in response to a stimulus and can transport the ligand across the
membrane. Through this mechanism, water (aquaporins), small ions and even hydrophobic
molecules are transported. No metabolic energy is spent in this process. However, for small ions
the transport is down the electrochemical gradient and for others the transport is down their
concentration gradient. Eventhough hydrophobic molecules can pass through the lipid bilayer
without assistance, transport through a channel increases the rate of uptake of the molecule.
3. Active transport: In this mechanisms, metabolic energy is spent for transport of the molecule.
This transport of the molecule is against is electrochemical gradient or concentration gradient
and hence ATP is hydrolyzed in the process. This mechanism uses ATP powered pumps that are
integrated in the membrane of the cell or the oragnelle.Example- Na/K ATPase Pump uses ATP
to transport 3 Na ions out and 2 K ions inside the cell. This helps in maintaining the normal
concentration of the ions in the cell.
4. Transporters: The last mechanism uses three kinds of transporters, uniporters: uses the same
concept of facilitated diffusion to transport one kind of molecule in one direction down its
concentration gradient. These uniporters are ligand specific. GLUT 1 for glucose is a uniporter.
Symporters are the second kind of transporters. Symporters transport two molecules in the same
direction- one of the two ligands is transported down its concentration gradient while the other is
transported against its concentration gradient. The ligand transported down its concentration
gradient fuels up the transport of the other ligand. The nature of the energy is stored in the
electrochemical gradient. This is often referred to as secondary active transport. They are
different from ATPase pumps since they dont use ATP as the energy source but th.
Define information architecture and explain its importance in the we.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Define information architecture and explain its importance in the web development process.
Solution
Information architecture is a more difficult field to define than many others. Unlike content
strategy, which is accomplished by content strategists, or interaction design, which is
accomplished by designers, information architect is very infrequently a job title. It is, however, a
valuable and necessary field which crosses multiple roles.
Information architecture is about helping people understand their surroundings and
find what they’re looking for, in the real world as well as online.
In other words, information architecture is the creation of a structure for a website, application,
or other project, that allows us to understand where we are as users, and where the information
we want is in relation to our position. Information architecture results in the creation of site
maps, hierarchies, categorizations, navigation, and metadata. When a content strategist begins
separating content and dividing it into categories, she is practicing information architecture.
When a designer sketches a top level menu to help users understand where they are on a site, he
is also practicing information architecture..
Complete this table Solution Transport mechanism concent.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Complete this table:
Solution
Transport mechanism concentration gradient Energy requirement Selectivity Osmosis Along
the concentration gradient No energy required Only solvent molecules Facilitated diffusion
Along the concentration gradient No energy required Solutes including mineral ions Active
transport Against the concentration gradient Energy required Solutes, mineral ions, small organic
molecules.
Can someone please explain the whole life cycle of listeria Mococyto.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Can someone please explain the whole life cycle of listeria Mococytogenes?
Solution
Morphology and culturing. The small Gram-positive rods feature peritrichous flagellation. They
show greater motility at 20 8C than at 37 8C. Culturing is most successful under aerobic
conditions on blood agar. Following incubation for 18 hours, small gray colonies surrounded by
inconspicuous hemolytic zones appear. The zones are caused by listeriolysin O. listeriae can also
reproduce at 5–10oC, which fact can be used in their selective enrichment (“cold enrichment”).
Adherence. To phagocytic cells (e.g., macrophages) and nonphagocytic cells (e.g., enterocytes).
Invasion. Endocytosis, induced by the protein internalin on the surface of the listeriae. Formation
of the endosome.
Destruction of the endosome. The virulence factor listeriolysin forms pores in the endosomal
membrane, releasing the listeriae into the cytoplasm.
Replication of the listeriae in the cytoplasm of infected cells.
Local intercellular dissemination. Polymerization of the actin of infected cells at one pole of the
listeriae to form so-called actin tails that move the listeriae toward the membrane. Formation of
long membrane protuberances (known as listeriopods) containing listeriae. Neighboring cells
engulf the listeriopods, whereupon the process of listeria release by means of endosome
destruction is repeated.
Dissemination is generally by means of hematogenous spread..
Briefly describe the four IEEE 802.11i phases of operationSolut.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Briefly describe the four IEEE 802.11i phases of operation?
Solution
The main thing we have to do is correct tap on the system status notice symbol and open the
Network and Sharing Center from the setting menu.
At that point tap on the Change connector settings hyperlink on the left-hand side of the Network
and Sharing Center.
Presently right-tap on the system connector you wish to change the DNS settings for and select
properties from the setting menu.
At the point when the properties for your system connector open, you should choose Internet
Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) from the rundown, then snap properties.
Our illustration will have opened the IPv4 settings for your system connector. You will find in
the base portion of the discourse that your PC is set to get its DNS settings \"consequently\". You
should change that with the goal that we can physically determine the DNS servers we need to
utilize. Presently basically pick an administration underneath and enter the DNS server
addresses.
Google DNS
Favored: 8.8.8.8
Interchange: 8.8.4.4
OpenDNS
Favored: 208.67.222.222
Interchange: 208.67.220.220
We selected to run with Google DNS for the time being — while they could utilize this
information to track your perusing propensities, by and by we\'re not that stressed over.
B) Based on the allele frequency for this trait in the population, w.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
B) Based on the allele frequency for this trait in the population, what assumptions would you
make about the genotype of each outsider in this family tree if you were expecting it to be a
recessive trait? Explain your reasoning.
C) You collect phenotypic data from the living family member and determine that the following
family members have tooth agenesis
Affected member of this family are: II2, II4, II7, II8, III2, III4, III5, III7, III8, IV1, IV2
Which, if any, modes of inheritance may be ruled out for this family? Briefly explain your
reasoning for each mode you rule out (use table below).
D) Are the two sets of twins in this family identical or fraternal twins? What is the basis of your
answer?
E) If III-2 and III-7 married and had a child, what is the probability that their child would have
tooth agenesis? State the mode of inheritance that you think is most likely for this tree. Show
your calculations based on that mode of inheritance.
Mode of Inheritance:
Probability:Rule out? (Yes or No)Rationaleautosomal dominantautosomal recessiveX-linked
dominantX-linked recessive
Solution
A) The outsiders of the family tree are
II-1, II-5, II-6, II-9, III-1
B) The genotype of outsiders are as under
II-1, a carrier, because one of the offspring is affected (III-2).
II-5, affected, because both of its offsprings are affected (III-4, III-5).
II-6, normal, also not a carrier, because its offspring is normal (III-6).
II-9, affected, because both of its offsprings are affected (III-7, III-8)
III-1, affected, because both of its offsprings are affected (IV-1, IV-2).
C)
The mode of inheritance is not autosomal dominant, because the offspring of the affected parent
(II-7) is normal.
The mode of inheritance is outosomal recessive. Because the parents I-1, I-2 are carriers and
offspring of the affected parent (II-7) is normal.
The inheitance is not X-linked dominant nor X-linked recessive, because both male and female
are affected.
D) The two sets of twins in this family- one set is identical and other is fraternal twins
Twins (II-1, II-2) are fraternal twins, because one is affeted (II-2) and other is unaffected (II-1).
Twins (II-7, II-8) are identical twins, because both the twins are affected.
E) If III-2 and III-7 married, their 100% probability that the child would have tooth agenesis.
Because the inheritance is autosomal recessive and both are affected..
Art labeling Activity. Organs of the Abdominopelvic Cavity (1 of 2, C.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Art labeling Activity. Organs of the Abdominopelvic Cavity (1 of 2, Cato Gallbladder
Ascending colon Ileocecal sphincter Mesentery Pancreas ileum urinary bladder Duodenum Right
lateral lobe of liver
Solution
In first picture
1st Top most label is for lobe under liver is for Gall bladder.
2nd label is for right lateral lobe of liver.
3rd label is for Duodenum
4th label is for Pancreas
5th label is for Ascending colon
6th label is for Ileocecal sphincter/junction
7th label is for Cecum
8th label is for ileum
9th label is for Urinary bladder
10th label in the right side is for Mesentery
In second picture
1st Top most label is for Falciform ligament.
2nd label is for Location of pyloric sphincter.
3rd label is for Jejunum
4th label is for Descending colon
1st Top most label in the right side is for Left medial lobe of Liver.
2nd label in the right side is for Left lateral lobe of Liver.
3rd label in the right side is for Lesser omentum
4th label in the right side is for stomach
5th label in the right side is for Greater Omentum (retracted)
6th label in the right side is for Spleen.
Altitudinal zonation of vegetation on a mountain often resembles lat.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Altitudinal zonation of vegetation on a mountain often resembles latitudinal distribution of
vegetation. Why is this? Where on a mountain would you expect to find alpine tundra?
Solution
Altitudinal zonation of vegetation on a mountain often resembles the latitudinal distribution of
vegetation because with the increase in altitude the temperature drops. The change in climate
with increasing altitude mimic the change in climate with changing latitude from tropics to the
poles. Due to the change in the climate, the vegetation also resembles the corresponding zones in
the latitudes.
Alpine tundra are expected on the top of the mountains at 11,500 -14750 feet above the sea level..
A Type I error occurs when we Do not reject the null hypothesis when.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
A Type I error occurs when we Do not reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false
Reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false Do not reject the null hypothesis when it is
actually true Reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true
Solution
Type I error is the probability of rejecting the true null hypothesis. So option:
\"Reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true. \".
An org^+ cys^+ his^+ met pro bacterial strain is known to be lysoge.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
An org^+ cys^+ his^+ met pro bacterial strain is known to be lysogenic for a newly discovered
phage that undergoes specialized transduction. The bacterial chromosome map is... The
lysogenic strain is used as a source of the phage, and the phages are added to a bacterial strain of
genotype org cys his met pro. After a brief incubation, samples of these phage-exposed
bacteria are plated on five different types of minimal media (1-5), with the supplementations as
indicated in the following table. A plus sign means the minimal media contained that particular
supplement (indicated at the top of each column), a minus sign means the media was missing
that supplement. Based on this information, tell me whether or not you\'d find colonics (growth)
on each of the five media if specialized transduction occurred. OK cool. Why would those
media have grown colonies?
Solution
a)Growth on each of the five media are:
1) N
2) C
3) N
4) C
5) N
N= no colonies are formed,C = colonies are formed
b)The media have grown colonies because these selected for cys+ or met+ transductants and
indicate that the prophage is located in cys-met region..
8. A cytologist needs to test if a virus replicates in the cytoplasm.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
8. A cytologist needs to test if a virus replicates in the cytoplasm or the nucleus of the live host
cells. The cytologist should use a _______ for the examination.
A. A SEM
B. A TEM
C. A darkfield LM
D. A high-end STED LM
E. A confocal microscope
Solution
Answer: (D). A high-end STED LM
STED LM or stimulated emission depletion light microscopy is used to visualize the replication
process of virus in live host cells. It is a newly invented light imaging technique with super
lateral resolution and aids in observing sub-cellular compartments which are not possible with
other microscopy techniques.
Hence a cytologist can use high-end STED LM to observe whether viruses are replicating in the
cytoplasm or nucleus of host cell..
15. If the goal is to make an inference about a population from a sam.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
15. If the goal is to make an inference about a population from a sample, and each member of
the population has an equally likely chance of being chosen for the sample, we say the sample
has been ____________ chosen. (Points : 10)
Solution
randomly
is the answer.
When each member has an equal chance, then there is absolutely no bias and the selection of one
or a group follows strictly a random process..
1) In the summer of 1998, after extrely hot, dry weather, the Georgi.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
1) In the summer of 1998, after extrely hot, dry weather, the Georgia corn harvest was expected
to be reduced by at least 25%. Using your knowledge of the dual functions of guard cells relative
to water retention and gasexchange, explain the reduction in photosynthetic productivity.
2) Plant cells have cell walls and animal cells do not. How does this difference relate to
differences in plant andanimal function?
3) Table 20.2 – Structure and Function of Plant CellsCell
TypeStructureFunctionPlantEpidermisGuard
CellsParenchymaCollenchymaSclerenchymaTracheidsVesselsSieve TubesEndodermisPrimary
MeristemsVascular CambiumPericyclePeridermRay Parenchyma
Solution
1). Plants draw water through roots, Cuticle is the outer covering o plants, which is a waxy
substance and it prevents the entry of water to and from stem and leaves. Cuticle contains
specialized pores called stomata, which allow the passage of o2 and co2 through it. The Stomata
contain two guard cells, they swell and shrink when water moves into and out of them and this
controls the loss of water from the leaf while allowing the passage of gases.
During summer, the guard cells remain closed for most of the time to avoid water loss at an
expense of reduced gaseous exchange. Means, less carbon dioxide (CO2) is available for
photosynthesis, which reduces the rate of photosynthesis in summer in corn plants..
Why are two phases of meiosis necessary In order to maximize variat.pdfarihantpuneteleshope
Why are two phases of meiosis necessary? In order to maximize variation in the next generation
In order to both reduce the chromosome number and separate sister chromatics. In order to
produce two daughter cells. In order to produce 4 gametes. All of these.
Solution
Answer - To Produce 4 gametes
Meiosis consist of two phases of cell division - Meiosis I and Meiosis II
Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half, and is thus known as reductional form of
cell division. This process is necessary for the formation of gametes for fertilization.
The number of daughter cells formed are four..
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
in what ways are virtual and learning organizations different fr.pdf
1. in what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization
in what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization
in what ways are virtual and learning organizations different from the typical organization
Solution
Difference between Virtual Learning organization and Typical/Conventional organization
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you can
see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
higher
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a conventional organization
2. is marginal.
Assessment
Virtual organizations require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and corporate
objective
Conventional organizations not require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and
corporate objective
Learning
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ more
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ less
Point of Difference
Virtual Learning Organization
Typical/Conventional Organization
Physical Structure
Virtual organizations lack a physical structure and exist as an amorphous and imaginary reality
in the mind of people using the cyber space as a means of operation
Conventional organizations are defined by tangible assets, office space and actual people you
can see and touch.
Geography
Virtual organizations are boundary-less
conventional organizations are confined to one or more geographical locations
Mobility:
Workers in virtual organizations are mobile and not confined because of the availability of a
communication infrastructure (the internet, extranet and organizational portals)
Workers in conventional organizations are static and confined
Flexibility
but virtual organizations are built around people that form the organization.
Conventional organizations have a rigid structure of hierarchy, bureaucracy, rules and
regulations that do not allow for flexibility
Communication
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a virtual organization is
higher
The sophistication required to maintain effective communication in a conventional organization
is marginal.
Assessment
3. Virtual organizations require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and corporate
objective
Conventional organizations not require frequent and continuous assessment of goals and
corporate objective
Learning
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ more
Virtual organizations relies on ‘knowledge assets’ less
