Imperialism
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Imperialism involved the domination of one nation over another through unequal economic and political relationships, usually in the form of colonies or empires. Key aspects included colonialism, where one territory established control over another, and annexation, where a smaller territory was incorporated into a larger one. Imperialist thinking in the late 19th century was influenced by Social Darwinism and ideas of racial superiority that justified the expansion and domination of stronger Western nations over weaker non-Western nations.
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Imperialism vocabulary
This document defines key terms related to imperialism such as imperialism, colonialism, and annexation. It also discusses related concepts like Social Darwinism, the white man's burden, racism and paternalism in missionary work, the scramble for Africa in the late 19th century, nationalism, and the power dynamics between colonized and colonizer nations.
Imperialism
Imperialism involved countries extending their power and influence through military or diplomatic means. Colonialism was the practice of acquiring political control over another country, settling it, and exploiting its resources. During the Scramble for Africa from 1880-1900, European powers invaded, occupied, and annexed African territories, dividing the continent among themselves. They justified this through social Darwinism and beliefs of racial and cultural superiority, seeking to civilize the people and impose their rule, which often led to resistance from colonized nations seeking independence and self-determination.
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The document defines and discusses several key concepts related to imperialism:
1) Imperialism involves extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or force, while colonialism involves acquiring political control over another country and exploiting it economically.
2) Social Darwinism supported imperialism and racism by arguing that stronger countries had a right to dominate weaker ones, similar to survival of the fittest among species.
3) "The White Man's Burden" poem promoted the idea that white races had a responsibility to care for non-white subjects they ruled.
4) The scramble for Africa in the late 1800s saw European powers invade, attack, and occupy Africa to claim
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Postcolonial theory analyzes the political and cultural impacts of colonialism. It examines topics like identity, power dynamics, and representation in formerly colonized works and societies. In The Tempest, Shakespeare depicts colonial relationships through Prospero's domination of the island's natives, Caliban and Ariel. Prospero establishes himself as a colonizer, asserting power and defining the islanders' inferior identities to justify his control over the island. Postcolonial readings critique the racism and exploitation inherent in colonial systems of power depicted in the play.
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The document defines imperialism as extending the power and dominion of a nation through direct territorial acquisitions or indirect political and economic control over other areas. It also defines annexation as attaching or appending one thing, especially one that is larger or more significant, to another. Social Darwinism justified imperialism by saying that stronger countries could take what they wanted based on survival of the fittest, while the "White Man's Burden" portrayed Europeans as having a duty to civilize other "inferior" races. The Scramble for Africa in the late 1800s led European powers to colonize most of the continent at the Berlin Conference for resources and power, with the exceptions of Ethiopia and Liberia remaining independent.
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This document provides an overview of regionalism and naturalism in American literature between 1870-1910. It summarizes the key historical contexts including Reconstruction, the Gilded Age, labor issues, and progressivism. It then describes the rise of regionalist and naturalist literary movements that sought to accurately portray real life and the impact of social and natural forces on common people. The document highlights influential regionalist authors like Mark Twain and Kate Chopin who captured distinct regional identities and cultures through local color realism and references to oral traditions. It also briefly introduces naturalist writers like Stephen Crane and Jack London who portrayed characters victimized by forces beyond their control.
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Athens and Sparta were two of the most powerful city-states in Ancient Greece. Athens developed a democratic system of government, while Sparta was a strict military culture. The Spartans focused on developing a strong army to control their helot serfs and protect themselves. Athens is renowned for establishing the foundations of Western civilization, with lawmakers like Solon and Cleisthenes reforming their government and society.
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Imperialism vocabulary
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Imperialism
Imperialism involved countries extending their power and influence through military or diplomatic means. Colonialism was the practice of acquiring political control over another country, settling it, and exploiting its resources. During the Scramble for Africa from 1880-1900, European powers invaded, occupied, and annexed African territories, dividing the continent among themselves. They justified this through social Darwinism and beliefs of racial and cultural superiority, seeking to civilize the people and impose their rule, which often led to resistance from colonized nations seeking independence and self-determination.
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The document defines and discusses several key concepts related to imperialism:
1) Imperialism involves extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or force, while colonialism involves acquiring political control over another country and exploiting it economically.
2) Social Darwinism supported imperialism and racism by arguing that stronger countries had a right to dominate weaker ones, similar to survival of the fittest among species.
3) "The White Man's Burden" poem promoted the idea that white races had a responsibility to care for non-white subjects they ruled.
4) The scramble for Africa in the late 1800s saw European powers invade, attack, and occupy Africa to claim
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Postcolonial theory analyzes the political and cultural impacts of colonialism. It examines topics like identity, power dynamics, and representation in formerly colonized works and societies. In The Tempest, Shakespeare depicts colonial relationships through Prospero's domination of the island's natives, Caliban and Ariel. Prospero establishes himself as a colonizer, asserting power and defining the islanders' inferior identities to justify his control over the island. Postcolonial readings critique the racism and exploitation inherent in colonial systems of power depicted in the play.
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The document defines imperialism as extending the power and dominion of a nation through direct territorial acquisitions or indirect political and economic control over other areas. It also defines annexation as attaching or appending one thing, especially one that is larger or more significant, to another. Social Darwinism justified imperialism by saying that stronger countries could take what they wanted based on survival of the fittest, while the "White Man's Burden" portrayed Europeans as having a duty to civilize other "inferior" races. The Scramble for Africa in the late 1800s led European powers to colonize most of the continent at the Berlin Conference for resources and power, with the exceptions of Ethiopia and Liberia remaining independent.
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This document provides an overview of regionalism and naturalism in American literature between 1870-1910. It summarizes the key historical contexts including Reconstruction, the Gilded Age, labor issues, and progressivism. It then describes the rise of regionalist and naturalist literary movements that sought to accurately portray real life and the impact of social and natural forces on common people. The document highlights influential regionalist authors like Mark Twain and Kate Chopin who captured distinct regional identities and cultures through local color realism and references to oral traditions. It also briefly introduces naturalist writers like Stephen Crane and Jack London who portrayed characters victimized by forces beyond their control.
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Athens and Sparta were two of the most powerful city-states in Ancient Greece. Athens developed a democratic system of government, while Sparta was a strict military culture. The Spartans focused on developing a strong army to control their helot serfs and protect themselves. Athens is renowned for establishing the foundations of Western civilization, with lawmakers like Solon and Cleisthenes reforming their government and society.
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1) The period after the Civil War known as Reconstruction saw African Americans gain rights but the South enact Jim Crow laws to oppress them and disagree over how to rebuild.
2) During the Gilded Age, a small group of wealthy industrialists controlled much of the nation's wealth while many Americans faced poverty, including African Americans under Jim Crow, Native Americans on reservations, and low-paid immigrant workers.
3) In response to the inequality between the wealthy and poor, labor unions formed and the Progressive movement aimed to address social injustices, while the philosophy of laissez-faire argued for limited government regulation of business.
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Stuart Hall argues that the representation of black subjects has gone through two phases: first challenging racist stereotypes and asserting a positive black identity through African history, and second considering the black subject as produced within regimes of representation. Hall was concerned with media power and how it propagates social values, criticizing how the media often portrayed black immigrants in stereotypical crisis or drama roles without exploring their rich experiences. In his search for black identity, Hall studied identity in detail to create a cohesive understanding by pulling together diverse strands.
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Imperialism vocabulary
The document discusses various aspects of imperialism such as colonialism, annexation, and the Scramble for Africa that occurred between 1881-1914. It also examines theories used to justify imperialism including Social Darwinism and the "White Man's Burden". Racism and missionary work are presented as having potential paternalistic and racist elements when imposed upon subjugated peoples. Nationalism is defined as patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts that colonized peoples often embraced to resist colonial rule.
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Unit 4 note handout (no blanks)
1) The period after the Civil War known as Reconstruction saw African Americans gain rights but the South enact Jim Crow laws to oppress them and disagree over how to rebuild.
2) During the Gilded Age, a small group of wealthy industrialists controlled much of the nation's wealth while many Americans faced poverty, including African Americans under Jim Crow, Native Americans on reservations, and low-paid immigrant workers.
3) In response to the inequality between the wealthy and poor, labor unions formed and the Progressive movement aimed to address social injustices, while the philosophy of laissez-faire argued for limited government regulation of business.
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Stuart Hall argues that the representation of black subjects has gone through two phases: first challenging racist stereotypes and asserting a positive black identity through African history, and second considering the black subject as produced within regimes of representation. Hall was concerned with media power and how it propagates social values, criticizing how the media often portrayed black immigrants in stereotypical crisis or drama roles without exploring their rich experiences. In his search for black identity, Hall studied identity in detail to create a cohesive understanding by pulling together diverse strands.
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Cultural imperialism is the practice of promoting the culture or language of one nation in another. This document discusses examples of cultural misunderstandings that occurred when American companies expanded internationally without fully understanding local cultures and languages. It also examines the larger negative repercussions of cultural imperialism, such as the marginalization of groups, violence, and the destruction of indigenous cultures. While the spread of American culture through movies, music and the internet threatens local cultures, the internet also allows people to stay connected to their local cultures anywhere in the world.
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Colonialism involves the domination of one society by another through political and economic control. It originated with European powers colonizing lands across Africa, Asia, and the Americas beginning in the 15th century. There were two waves of colonial expansion - the first involved colonizing the Americas for resources and Christianity, while the second was the "Scramble for Africa" which divided the continent. Settler colonialism differed in that European settlers permanently displaced indigenous populations in places like North America. Colonialism had devastating economic and social impacts through exploitation of resources and people for imperial profit and domination of indigenous cultures.
Variety of Nationalism, Imperialism, and First World Warpptx
The document provides an overview of theories of imperialism from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It discusses John Hobson's economic theory that imperialism was driven by needs for new markets and resources. It also covers Herbert Spencer's social Darwinist view that stronger societies would dominate weaker ones, and Frederick Lugard's idea of a "civilizing mission" to bring progress to less developed peoples. These theories aimed to justify European colonial expansion. The document also examines how pseudo-scientific ideas about race were used to legitimize European domination over colonized populations by portraying them as inherently inferior.
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Though politicians and members of their constituencies argue immigration policy from seemingly infinite perspectives and sides, one point stands clear and definite: decisions as to who can enter the United States and who can eventually gain citizenship status generally depends of issues of “race,” for U.S. immigration systems reflect and serve as the country’s official “racial” policies.
Student Questions on Imperialism - 8B
European imperialism in the late 1800s was driven by two main factors: the need for new resources as populations in Europe grew and existing resources diminished, and the prospect of enormous wealth from exploiting resource-rich lands. The end of the Age of Imperialism is widely considered to be the start of World War I in 1914, as imperialist nations could no longer spare resources and manpower on further colonial expansion during the war.
Impearalism
Imperialism involves extending a country's power and influence through military or diplomatic means. Colonialism is acquiring political control over another country and exploiting it economically, often involving settlers. Social Darwinism justified imperialism by arguing the strong nations had a right to rule weaker ones based on survival of the fittest. Rudyard Kipling's poem "The White Man's Burden" promoted the idea that white people had a duty to civilize non-white people through colonialism. Racism and paternalism sometimes motivated missionaries to try to convert indigenous people to their religions. The Scramble for Africa from 1876 to 1912 saw European powers invade, occupy, and annex much of the continent at the Berlin Conference. Nationalism involves devotion to
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This document provides context on colonialism, post-colonialist theory, and their relationship to globalization and media. It defines key concepts like colonialism, empire, cultural imperialism, and orientalism. It outlines the history of British colonialism and discusses post-colonialist thinkers like Edward Said, Frantz Fanon, and W.E.B. Du Bois. Their work examined how colonialism continues to impact formerly colonized societies and how media representations perpetuate colonial power dynamics. The document also discusses criticisms of post-colonialist theory and related topics like neocolonialism, diaspora, double consciousness, and the effects of globalization.
Nationalism
Nationalism is a political ideology that promotes a national identity based on shared characteristics. It holds that a nation should govern itself independently and maintain its unique culture and national symbols. There are different types of nationalism such as civic nationalism which defines the nation based on shared political values rather than ethnicity, and ethnic nationalism which ties national identity to a shared heritage and ancestry. Nationalism is seen by some as a way for a threatened nation to unite against external threats but others criticize it as an artificial construct that can marginalize minorities and increase conflict.
Key concepts of Postcolonial literature
Postcolonial literature addresses the problems and consequences of decolonization, especially questions relating to political and cultural independence. It gives voice to marginal identities that were previously sidelined in history but come to the center through retelling history from a postcolonial perspective. Key terms include decolonialism, commonwealth literature, postcolonial feminism, racism, orientalism, and hybridity. Postcolonial feminism examines how colonialism operates differently for men and women. Orientalism refers to how the West imagines and distorts Arab cultures. Hybridity describes the creation of new transcultural forms from the contact of colonization.
Race and Coloniality
This document discusses concepts related to race, colonialism, and decolonization. It begins by defining key terms like racialization and colonialism. It then discusses how race was commodified during European colonial expansion, resulting in the transatlantic slave trade and racial hierarchies. The document advocates for decolonizing institutions and knowledge by dismantling orientalist frameworks and addressing epistemic violence against marginalized groups. It also examines the impacts and challenges of decolonization efforts.
One nation under God
This document discusses the history of government from monarchies in Europe during the Dark Ages to the founding of the United States government. It outlines how during the Dark Ages, kings ruled based on the divine right of kings concept where God appointed them to rule. Over time, influenced by the Bible and thinkers like Locke and Sidney, ideas developed of social contracts and governments deriving their power from the consent of the governed. The US founders developed a system combining principles of democracy, republic, and theocracy where elected leaders take oaths to uphold principles of liberty and justice for all. The document argues this system has worked because it decentralizes power and protects individual rights and responsibilities.
Political geography online
The document discusses several aspects of political geography including the rise in the number of independent states as empires have collapsed, differences in political cultures around issues like separation of church and state, land ownership, and motivations for warfare over territory. It also examines characteristics of states and nations, examples of nation-states, the impact of European colonialism in diffusing the nation-state model, and forces that can lead to devolutionary movements within states.
Political geography online
The document discusses several topics related to political geography including the rise in the number of independent states as empires have collapsed, differences in political cultures around issues like separation of church and state, land ownership, and motivations for warfare over territory. It also examines characteristics of states and nations, examples of nation-states, the spread of the nation-state model through European colonialism, and forces that can lead to the devolution of states including ethnic, economic and spatial factors.
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Edward Said was a Palestinian-American literary theorist who is known for his influential book Orientalism. In Orientalism, Said analyzes how Western scholarship helped contribute to inaccurate cultural representations of the Eastern world as exotic and inferior. He argues that Orientalism constructed an ideological view of the East that perpetuated Eurocentric prejudices. Said's work was influential in the development of postcolonial theory and his analysis of Orientalism has remained an important text within this field of study.
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Imperialism
- 1. Imperialism Bo Campbell
- 2. Imperialism Defined • Imperialism- the creation and/or maintenance of an unequal economic, cultural, and territorial relationship, usually between states and often in the form of an empire, based on domination and subordination."(Wikipedia, 2011) • Colonialism- is the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. (Wikipedia, 2011) • Annexation- incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity (either adjacent or non-contiguous). Usually, it is implied that the territory and population being annexed is the smaller, more peripheral, and weaker of the two merging entities, barring physical size. (Wikipedia, 2011)
- 3. Social Darwinism • Term commonly used for theories of society that emerged in England and the United States in the 1870s, seeking to apply the principles of Darwinian evolution to sociology and politics. • A country can take over a smaller country because it has more population. A smaller country can colonize with a smaller country to grow.
- 4. “White mans Burden” • A poem written by Rudyard Kipling. • It was intended to be a characterization for imperialism. • Originally written for Queen Victorias diamond Jubilee
- 5. Racism and the Missionary Impulse • Racism: a belief or doctrine that inherent differences among the various human races determine cultural or individual achievement, usually involving the idea that one's own race is superior and has the right to rule others. • Paternalism: refers to attitudes or states of affairs that exemplify a traditional relationship between father (pater) and child. • Its racism if someone feels they should watch out for you because of your ethnic background.
- 6. The Scramble For Africa • 1881 and 1914 • The Berlin Conference was an attempt to try and mediate imperial competition. • The scramble for africa was a process of colonization and invasion of the african territory by european forces.
- 7. Nationalism • Defined: “is a political ideology that involves a strong identification of a group of individuals with a political entity defined in national terms, i.e. a nation” (wikipedia, 2011)
- 8. Colonized vs. the Colonizers • To become bigger in size and become a more powerful and feared nation. • The people would be afraid and they wouldn't want to lose their rights and land.
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