Immigration
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Immigration to America has occurred in waves throughout history. During the colonial era, most immigrants came from northern Europe, but this declined during the Revolutionary War. Immigration increased strongly again in the 1840s-1850s, with most newcomers originating from Ireland and Germany fleeing famine and crop failures. By the 1860s, over half of New York City's population was immigrants or their American-born children. After the Civil War, America's growing economy attracted many European workers between 1866-1915, initially from northern Europe but later mostly from southern and eastern Europe. Reaction to events like the Russian Revolution led to immigration quotas and restrictions in the 1920s based on national origin. Immigration declined during World War I, the 1920s, and 1930
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Chicano Studies 168Lecture 2Dr. Raúl Moreno CamposUCSB
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Lecture 2
Dr. Raúl Moreno Campos
UCSB
Agenda
Mexican Communities in the U.S. Southwest at the Turn of the 20th Century
Immigration to the U.S.: Then and Now
The History of Illegality, the Racialization of Mexican Labor, and the “Revolving Door” of U.S. Immigration Law and Mexicanos
I.
By the dawn of the 20th century, the once sovereign, and often wealthy, Mexican families and communities of the former Northern Mexican territories had been largely dispossessed, brought under U.S. rule, and placed within the lowest rungs of its racial regimes.
One central dimension of this change, therefore, was the marginal status that Mexicanos had come to occupy in the U.S., and the manner in which, despite being native to these lands, they ultimately became thought of as “foreigners” and “illegal aliens”, to be looked upon with suspicion and subject to various forms of state-sponsored violence.
By the middle of the 20th century, Mexican social segregation and political marginality, and the use of Mexicanos as disposable labor, was firmly entrenched and widespread- indeed, these conditions became some of the central issues of the Chicano Movement in the 1960s.
I.
How did Mexican communities come to be thought of as “foreign”, and what was the historical process by which Mexicanos came to be thought of as “iconic illegal aliens”?
In particular, how did Mexicans become the primary target of U.S. border patrol after its formation in 1924?
In turn, how did this racialized and regionalized method of border enforcement shape race in the U.S.?
I.
Throughout the Southwest, the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo were not kept- in particular guarantees of rights of citizenship and protection of property for Mexicans
Ex. California Land Act of 1851- flagrant violation of Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
Led to exhausting and expensive legal battles (land rich, cash poor)
I.
As Lytle Hernandez (2010) points out, a variety of techniques were used to acquire land rights from Mexican landholders
Violence, genocide reservation system- used against indigenous populations by Spaniards (1st conquest)- pg. 22
Fraud, debt payment (legal battles), marriage- used for Mexicans (Ibid.)
The decline in wealth for wealthy Mexicans, led to a decline in political clout, and consequently a marked decline in social status.
Ex of Ventura county- by 1900, 80% of Mexicans were at the bottom of social strata (Cf. Almaguer)
I.
Dramatic shift to agro-industrialist model
1902- Newlands Reclamation Act in the West- funding of irrigation projects made large scale farming possible.
1920- West largest and most profitable agricultural producer in the nation
31 million acres of crops valued at $ 1.7 billion in California and Texas alone.
This rapid expansion depended on a cheap farm hands- where to get them?
I.
The case of CA
Late 1800s- growers relied on Chinese and (to some extent) Indian labor.
Growing nativism (Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882)- li ...
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This document provides a historical overview of immigration to the United States. It discusses the successive waves of European immigration from the 16th to 19th centuries from countries like Spain, France, England, Germany, and Ireland. In the late 19th century, there was a large influx of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe which led to nativist sentiment and policies restricting immigration. The document also outlines push/pull factors for immigration and debates around illegal immigration and exclusion policies targeting specific ethnic groups.
HISTORY YEAR 10: IMMIGRATION IN AMERICA, AN ISSUE?
This document summarizes immigration to the United States from 1910-1929. Millions of immigrants arrived during this period, especially from Europe, creating a diverse melting pot but also social challenges. In response, the US government passed several laws restricting immigration, including literacy tests and quotas that targeted southern and eastern Europeans. Additionally, the Red Scare period involved raids and deportations of immigrants suspected of harboring communist sympathies. Finally, the document discusses the controversial trial and execution of Italian immigrants Sacco and Vanzetti, which illustrated the prejudice some faced as immigrants during this era of increased restriction.
IV Imigration
This document discusses mass transatlantic migration between 1870-1914, when over 23 million immigrants arrived in the United States, most through Ellis Island. During this period, immigrants also ventured to other new world countries like Canada and Argentina seeking work. While intra-European migration was often a means to eventually leave for the new world, the scale and diversity of immigration to the US was much greater than in other countries. Native-born Americans increasingly resented immigrants and accused them of social and economic problems.
A land of immigrants
The 2nd and 3rd lectures for 1st year's students of English are devoted to the history of immigration to the United States from the Pilgrim Fathers to most recent legislation on immigration
Immigration.social.work
1. This document discusses the history of immigration to the United States from the colonial period through modern times. It outlines the major periods of immigration and the national origins of immigrants during each era.
2. Key periods included the colonial period with English immigrants, the mid-19th century with northern Europeans, the early 20th century with southern and eastern Europeans, and post-1965 with Latin Americans and Asians.
3. Immigration policy has changed over time, becoming more restrictive in the 1920s and 30s and more permissive after the 1965 Hart-Cellar Act abolished national quotas. Legal immigration has steadily increased since the 1960s.
MIGRATION and china’S social changes.pptx
This document summarizes the history and patterns of migration within China over different periods from ancient times to the present day. It describes how migration was initially limited to religious figures and merchants traveling abroad but grew over time, peaking between 1851-1875 when over 1 million Chinese left the country due to necessity. More recently, China's urban population grew by over 500 million between 1978-2012 as hundreds of millions of rural workers migrated to cities for new economic opportunities, fueling China's rise as a global economic power.
kkk Immigration
The document discusses the rise of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s in the United States. It summarizes that the KKK targeted African Americans, immigrants, Catholics and Jews during this period and used violence and terror tactics. At its peak in the mid-1920s, the KKK had over 5 million members and wielded significant political influence, especially in the Midwest and South. However, the KKK's membership and influence declined later in the 1920s due to scandals, corruption within the organization, and public backlash against their violent tactics.
The Great Transatlantic Migrations - Brandon & Sean V
During the period of transatlantic migration prior to 1924, millions of Europeans immigrated to countries in North and South America. While the United States received the most immigrants who chose to settle there permanently, other countries in the Americas also saw significant immigration. Common experiences included immigrants living in ethnic enclaves and facing racism in their new homes. The largest waves of immigration were spurred by opportunities for jobs, religious freedom, and escape from oppression in Europe.
Unit 2 notes (industrialization and immiigration)
1) In the late 1800s, most immigrants to the United States came from southern and eastern Europe rather than northern Europe. They entered through ports like New York and were inspected at Ellis Island.
2) Millions of immigrants came for economic opportunities and freedom from persecution, pushed by factors like poor farming conditions and pulled by plentiful jobs. They settled in ethnic neighborhoods in large cities.
3) Immigrant workers faced poor living and working conditions, such as overcrowded tenement housing and unsafe factories with long hours and low pay, including child labor. Events like the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire led to reforms for worker protections.
Immigration Policies
The document summarizes key factors that led to restrictive immigration laws in the United States in the 1920s, including:
1) Fears about disloyal immigrant communities during World War I and a desire for assimilation led to restrictions on immigrants from Austria and Germany.
2) The Russian Revolution and fears of radical political ideas associated with immigrant workers led to raids arresting thousands without evidence in the Palmer Raids.
3) The influential Ku Klux Klan opposed immigration and gained political power, supporting restrictive immigration laws.
New York City
- Henry Hudson discovered New York City in 1609 while searching for a western passage to Asia for the Dutch. The Dutch West India Company later established the first trading post, which they named New Amsterdam, in 1624.
- In 1664, Britain took control of New York City without conflict and renamed it New York. By 1700, New York had become the third largest port in the British Empire.
- The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 caused a spike in New York City's growth, doubling its population to over 80,000 within a decade. During this period, New York also grew as a cultural and economic center of the United States.
Assignment FourRead chapters 8, 9, & 10 then complete the foll.docx
Assignment Four
Read chapters 8, 9, & 10 then complete the following:
Chapter Eight
Part one: Complete End of Chapter Questions 1, 6, & 8.
Part two: Complete End of Chapter Exercise
Part three: Skim through the timeline of U.S. immigration history (see below) and state whether you think the laws benefitted the U.S. workplace or reduced fear of American citizens or both? Why?
Chapter Nine
Part one: Complete End of Chapter Questions 2, 6 (be specific in your answer) & 9.
Part two: Complete End of Exercise
Part three: In a paragraph, explain: How can managers utilize the information provided in this chapter to prevent discrimination against religion which is a protected class under the 1964 Civil Rights Act?
Chapter Ten
Part one: Complete End of Chapter Questions 1, 3, 4, & 6.
Part two: In a paragraph, explain: How a hiring manager could violate the rights of the disabled by simply not asking what question(s) at the interview or prior to be hired.
Timeline
Key Dates and Landmarks in United States Immigration History
1789
The Constitution of the United States of America takes effect, succeeding the Articles of Confederation that had governed the union of states since the conclusion of the Revolutionary War (March 4, 1789).
1790
The Naturalization Act of 1790 establishes a uniform rule of naturalization and a two-year residency requirement for aliens who are "free white persons" of "good moral character" (March 26, 1790).
1798
Considered one of the Alien and Sedition Acts, the Naturalization Act of 1798 permits Federalist President John Adams to deport foreigners deemed to be dangerous and increases the residency requirements to 14 years to prevent immigrants, who predominantly voted for the Republican Party, from becoming citizens (June 25, 1798).
1802
The Jefferson Administration revises the Naturalization Act of 1798 by reducing the residency requirement from 14 to five years.
1808
Importation of slaves into the United States is officially banned, though it continues illegally long after the ban.
1819
Congress passes an act requiring shipmasters to deliver a manifest enumerating all aliens transported for immigration. The Secretary of State is required to report annually to Congress the number of immigrants admitted.
1821–1830
143,439 immigrants arrive
1831–1840
599,125 immigrants arrive
1840s
Crop failures in Germany, social turbulence triggered by the rapid industrialization of European society, political unrest in Europe, and the Irish Potato Famine (1845–1851) lead to a new period of mass immigration to the United States.
1841–1850
1,713,251 immigrants arrive
1848
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the Mexican-American War and extends citizenship to the approximately 80,000 Mexicans living in Texas, California, and the American Southwest.
1848
Gold is discovered in the American River, near Sacramento, California.
1849
The California gold rush spurs immigration from China and extensive internal migra ...
American immigrants
Immigration has been a major source of population growth and cultural change throughout much of American history. The first European settlers arrived around 1600, and immigration has occurred in successive waves from various parts of Europe and Asia over time. Reasons for immigration include poverty, armed conflict, economic hardships, and more. Immigrants now make up a significant portion of the US population and economy. The American Dream of achieving prosperity through hard work has attracted many immigrants and remains an integral part of the national identity.
Immigration American Immigration
The document discusses the history of immigration to America. It describes how the United States was founded by immigrants from many parts of the world. The first large wave of immigrants in the early 1900s saw over 20 million Europeans arrive, predominantly from southern and eastern Europe. This influx of immigrants with different cultures and religions led to fears and tensions with those already settled in America. In response, the Immigration Act of 1924 was passed, establishing immigration quotas based on national origins. The act aimed to preserve America's existing demographic makeup and restrict further immigration.
Immigration and urbanization
Between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, millions of immigrants from Europe, Asia, the Caribbean, and Mexico arrived in the United States, primarily settling in urban areas. They came for opportunities for work and to escape difficult conditions abroad. Immigrants faced harsh processing at arrival points like Ellis Island and Angel Island before trying to assimilate into American culture or creating ethnic enclaves. Rapid urbanization strained infrastructure and led to overcrowding, disease, and other problems as cities struggled to provide services for the large influx of newcomers. Political machines also exploited immigrants and the poor through corruption and graft.
Immigrants in America.ppt
Millions of immigrants moved to the United States between 1865-1915, with most arriving at Ellis Island in New York or Angel Island in California. Early immigrants were from northern Europe but later ones were southern and eastern Europeans, Jews, Catholics, and unskilled workers who settled in cities. They came due to push factors like poverty, war, and religious persecution in their home countries, as well as pull factors like available land, jobs, and freedom in America. Immigrants faced difficult conditions including disease-ridden transatlantic voyages and crowded urban living, but helped develop American cities and industries while maintaining aspects of their ethnic identities.
Introduction To Immigration
Ravenstein's laws of migration from the 1880s found that most migration occurs over short distances, from rural to urban areas, and by young males. Migration increases with industrialization and transportation improvements. Zelinsky's model found migration is influenced by economic factors. From the 1800s to 1910, over 40 million Europeans immigrated to the US, settling in northern cities and moving west. Since 1945, internal black migration has moved many to western cities from the South. Recent immigration trends have seen most immigrants settle in California, New York, Florida, and Texas, driven by jobs and existing immigrant communities.
Immigration intro
The United States was mostly welcoming of immigrants for its first 100 years, with some exceptions for slaves and restrictions on citizenship for non-white groups. Between 1820 and 1870, many immigrants arrived from Northern and Western Europe, providing needed labor. However, some people did not want the new immigrants and used differences in race and religion to attack them. Beginning in 1875, the US began placing restrictions on what types of immigrants would be allowed, excluding those with criminal records or diseases. Between 1881 and 1920, over 23 million immigrants arrived, mostly from Southern and Eastern Europe. US immigration laws have continued to change over time based on economic, security, and social factors.
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
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9
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For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
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Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
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