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IIM, Ahmedabad.

Louis Kahn designed the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) campus in Ahmedabad, India in the 1960s. The 66-acre campus features a series of brick buildings organized around open courtyards, with an emphasis on natural light and ventilation due to the hot, dry climate. Kahn drew inspiration from Mughal architecture in his use of light wells and omitted patterns in the brick facades. The master plan divides the campus into academic and residential areas within walking distance of each other. Notable buildings include the library with its triple-height reading room, hexagonal classrooms, dormitories arranged for cross-ventilation, and an auditorium seating 550 people.

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POST INDEPENDENCE ARCHITECTURE IN INDIA BUILDING: IIM AHMEDABAD ARCHITECT: LOUIS KAHN SAAYA KAPOOR 309109 C.A. THIRD YEAR ARCH. J.N.E.C. 1.
The age of Indian architecture after Independence •India is one of the countries in the world with the richest history. One of the many things India is known for is art and architecture. The field of architecture in India has undergone significant changes since independence. •Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of the independent India is widely known for his far vision, he was a modernist who favoured state intervention. Nehru was the one to take the initiative of betterment and development of art and architecture in India. •A new era of architecture began when the very famous architect Le Corbusier was invited to design the capital of the Punjab state, Chandigarh. Le Corbusier’s uncompromising functionalism consciously broke with the past ‘historicism’ of imperial architecture. Other invited architect, the very notable Louis Kahn created the avant- garde architecture with the little spice of the ‘Mughal’, in Ahmedabad. A study of major changes that took place after the independence in the field of architecture in India Maulana Azad Memorial, Delhi, 1958-59 Hall of Nations , Delhi, 1972 2.
INDIA AND INDEPENDENCE Realisation of freedon in following fronts: Cultural, Political, Social and Economic. Yardsticks in future development of India: GANDHI: • Absolute belief in science and technology but passionate about rural India. •Local materials, local skills, cost effective architecture. •Going back to roots. •Sabarmati Ashram, Sabarmati, Gujarat. NEHRU: •Very forward looking. •Interested in what science and technology have to offer. •Strength of industrialization. •Belief in liberal, modern, independent, industrialized India. •Nehru, championed a vision of architecture that embraced the current western centric practices namely modernism. •Tremendous sense of urgency to build. •Urbanisation demanded creation of new cities and towns. •Demand for new built form types: schools, hospitals etc. 3.
PHILOSOPHIES OF NEW INDIA 1. RIVIVALISM: Going back to seek inspiration from the past 2. MODERNITY: Inspired by the contemporary spirit of the age. 3. CONTINUITY: Found favor with the older generation of architects who were skeptical about modernism. Vidhan Soudha, Bangalore, 1952-1956 REVIVALISM New Secretariat Building, Ahmedabad, MODERNISM National Museum CPWD, New Delhi, CONTINUITY 4.
LOUIS I KAHN Born on 20 February 1901 American architect Born Itze-Leib Schmuilowsky BUILDING = HUMAN WILL TO BE DESIRE TO BE WILL TO EXPRESS KAHN’S STYLE: •Kahn’s architecture is notable for its simple forms and compositions. •Kahn’s design of buildings is characterized by powerful massive forms. •Through the use of brick and poured- in concrete masonry, he developed a contemporary and monumental architecture that maintained sympathy for the site and did not loose its proportion. •Louis Kahn’s work infused International style with a highly personal taste, poetry of light and exposing the materials without altering. •His buildings were like mathematical theorems, well-realised to the last brickbat came with a great emotional sweep. Linear perfection. Monastic lines. Reductionist volumes. Unadorned surfaces. Geometric harmony. Louis Kahn, the American architect known for combining Modernism with the weight and dignity of ancient monuments, was born 113 years ago today. Kahn might be categorized as a late Modernist, and a hugely influential one at that. 5.
HUMAN AGREEMENT •THE ROOM IS THE BEGINNING OF ARCHITECTURE •THE PLAN IS A SOCIETY OF ROOMS •A LONG STREET IS A SUCCESSION OF ROOMS •THE CITY IS A PLACE OF ASSEMBLED INSTITUTION. •THE ROOM AND PLAN, THE STREET AND CITY = INSTITUTIONS BASED ON HUMAN AGREEMENT •Kahn believed architecture was not just about function but intention, not just purpose but inspiration and emotional connection. •He wanted to build modern buildings with evolved techniques but he wanted to make spaces breathe, and he wanted them to communicate with the shifting light of night and day, and to be relevant and timeless. •Louis Kahn used to tell his students: if you are ever stuck for inspiration, ask your materials for advice."You say to a brick, 'What do you want, brick?' And brick says to you, 'I like an arch.' And you say to brick, 'Look, I want one, too, but arches are expensive and I can use a concrete lintel.' And then you say:' What do you think of that, brick?' Brick says: 'I like an arch.' He was known as Louis Kahn: the brick whisperer. •He believed strongly that architecture should appeal not only to practical and aesthetic needs but alsoto the humanistic needs of the people and communities it serves. •Kahn was inspired by the work of many modern architects, including Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright,and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and was equally drawn to classical and ancient forms of building KAHN’S PHILOSOPHY: 6.
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, AHMEDABAD Date of establishment: 1962, established to meet the demand of industries for competent managers as well as to improve prevalent management technique. Location: Vastrapur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India Climate: hot dry climate, with very high temperature and harsh sun. Topography: flat land form with negligible slope. Vegetation: sparse vegetation, difficult to maintain. Site area: 106 acres STUDENTS = 1105 FACULTY = 110 ARCHITECT : Louis I Kahn 7.
While Louis Kahn was designing the National Assembly Building in Bangladesh in 1962, he was approached by an admiring Indian architect, Balkrishna Doshi, to design the 66 acre campus for the Indian Institute of Management in Ahmedabad, India. HISTORY OF IIM: LOCATION Location: Vastrapur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India ABOUT •YEAR OF COMPLETION: 1963 •CHIEF ARCHITECTS: LOUIS I KAHN B.V. DOSHI ANANT RAJE •SITE AREA: 66 ACRES •BUILDING: CONTEMPORARY STYLE 8.
SITE 9.
•The campus has an old campus and a new campus. •The master plan of the institute is divided into two parts • ACADEMIC BLOCK: 1. Library 2. School building 3. Faculty blocks 4. Dormitories 5. Louis Kahn Plaza • RESIDENTIAL BLOCK for faculty and clerical staff. • Influenced by the management philosophy and student’s busy schedule Kahn integrated the living and learning spaces. • All activities are places within walk able distance. SITE ZONING: ORIENTATION: The diagonal layout had the advantage of the building being oriented towards the southwesterly breezes. The orientation also helps to cut out the west sun reducing glare. CIRCULATION PATTERN: Circulation in IIM campus is through three major roads 1. Peripheral 2. Internal 3. Smaller internal roads Separate accesses are provided for the institutional complex and the residential area. INITIAL SITE SKETCHES BY LOUIS KAHN 10.
MAIN ENTRANCE- HARVARD STEPS LOUIS KAHN PLAZA RJMCEI AUDITORIUM COURTYRD THE PROMENADE PICTURES OF THE CAMPUS HELICAL STAIRWAYCLASSROOMS 11.
PLAN OF ACADEMIC BLOCK 12.
LIBRARY BLOCK 1. The library building is a five storied structure with rectangular plan. 2. It is approached by a broad, imposed flight of steps from the parking lot. 3. The design has been convinced to entail movement from the active space to most private and quiet carrels at the farthest reaches. 4. FIRST FLOOR : main reading hall 5. SECOND FLOOR: accommodate triple height reciting hall and conference hall 6. THIRD FLOOR : accommodates bound volumes of journals. 7. FOURTH FLOOR : has bound volumes of old books and journals. 2- library Ground floor plan Second floor plan 13.
SCHOOL BUILDING BLOCK CLASSROOMS 1. The shape of the classroom is hexagonal 2. The design of classroom is based on the seminar type interaction between the students and the faculty. 3. Windows are high to get glare free light. 14.
DORMITORIES 1. The shape of each dormitory block is square with two residential wings, triangular lounge and a service area. 2. The position of the staircase and washroom are meant to protect the living room from sun and glare without obstruction and the breeze and ventilation. 3. The dorms are places one behind the other to obtain the much needed breeze and cross ventilation 15.
AUDITORIUM GROUND FLOOR PLAN FIRST FLOOR PLAN •CAPACITY 550 SEATS •AREA •ENTRANCE LOBBY 560 SQ.FEET •FOYER 560 SQ.FEET •AUDITORIUM HALL 3000 SQ.FEET •CONFERENCE ROOM 200 SQ.FEET •SEMINAR ROOM 400 SQ.FEET DINING HALL 16.
THE LARGE FAÇADE OMISSIONS ARE ABSTRACTED PATTERNS FOUND WITHIN THE INDIAN CULTURE THAT WERE POSITIONED TO ACT AS LIGHT WELLS AND A NATURAL COOLING SYSTEM PROTECTING INTERIOR FROM INDIA’S HARSH DESERT CLIMATE. 17.