AN EFFICIENT CNTFET-BASED 7-INPUT MINORITY GATEVLSICS Design
Complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology (CMOS) has been faced critical challenges in nanoscale regime. CNTFET (Carbon Nanotube Field effect transistor) technology is a promising alternative for CMOS technology. In this paper, we proposed a novel 7-input minority gate in CNTFET technology that has only 9 CNTFETs. Minority function is utilized in the voting systems for decision making and also it is used in data mining. This proposed 7-input minority gate is utilized less fewer transistors than the conventional CMOS method which utilizes many transistors for implementing sum of products. By means of this proposed 7-input minority gate, a 4-input NAND gate can be implemented, which gets better the conventional design in terms of delay and energy efficiency and has much more deriving power at its output.
AN EFFICIENT CNTFET-BASED 7-INPUT MINORITY GATEVLSICS Design
Complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology (CMOS) has been faced critical challenges in nanoscale regime. CNTFET (Carbon Nanotube Field effect transistor) technology is a promising alternative for CMOS technology. In this paper, we proposed a novel 7-input minority gate in CNTFET technology that has only 9 CNTFETs. Minority function is utilized in the voting systems for decision making and also it is used in data mining. This proposed 7-input minority gate is utilized less fewer transistors than the conventional CMOS method which utilizes many transistors for implementing sum of products. By means of this proposed 7-input minority gate, a 4-input NAND gate can be implemented, which gets better the conventional design in terms of delay and energy efficiency and has much more deriving power at its output.
DETECTION AND ELIMINATION OF NON-TRIVIAL REVERSIBLE IDENTITIESIJCSEA Journal
Non-Trivial Reversible Identities (NTRIs) are reversible circuits that have equal inputs and outputs. NTRIs of arbitrary size cannot be detected, in general, using ptimization algorithms in the literature. Existence of NTRIs in a circuit will cause a slow down by increasing the number of gates and the quantum cost. NTRIs might arise because of an integration of two or more optimal reversible circuits. In this paper, an algorithm that detects and removes NTRIs in polynomial time will be proposed. Experiments that show the bad effect of NTRIs and the enhancement using the proposed algorithm will be presented.
A Low Power VITERBI Decoder Design With Minimum Transition Hybrid Register Ex...VLSICS Design
This work proposes the low power implementation of Viterbi Decoder. Majority of viterbi decoder designs in the past use simple Register Exchange or Traceback method to achieve very high speed and low power decoding respectively, but it suffers from both complex routing and high switching activity. Here simplification is made in survivor memory unit by storing only m-1 bits to identify previous state in the survivor path, and by assigning m-1 registers to decision vectors. This approach eliminates unnecessary shift operations. Also for storing the decoded data only half memory is required than register exchange method. In this paper Hybrid approach that combines both Traceback and Register Exchange schemes has been applied to the viterbi decoder design. By using distance properties of encoder we further modified to minimum transition hybrid register exchange method. It leads to lower dynamic power consumption because of lower switching activity. Dynamic power estimation obtained through gate level simulation indicates that the proposed design reduces the power dissipation of a conventional viterbi decoder design by 30%.
Design of Reversible Sequential Circuit Using Reversible Logic SynthesisVLSICS Design
Reversible logic is one of the most vital issue at present time and it has different areas for its application, those are low power CMOS, quantum computing, nanotechnology, cryptography, optical computing, DNA computing, digital signal processing (DSP), quantum dot cellular automata, communication, computer graphics. It is not possible to realize quantum computing without implementation of reversible logic. The main purposes of designing reversible logic are to decrease quantum cost, depth of the circuits and the number of garbage outputs. In this paper, we have proposed a new reversible gate. And we have designed RS flip flop and D flip flop by using our proposed gate and Peres gate. The proposed designs are better than the existing proposed ones in terms of number of reversible gates and garbage outputs. So, this realization is more efficient and less costly than other realizations.
An Extended Approach for Online Testing of Reversible CircuitsIOSR Journals
: Reversible computing has tremendous benefits in terms of power consumption, less heat dissipation
and packaging density. Because its applications are found in diverse fields including quantum computing,
nanotechnology, low power CMOS designs and cryptography, Reversible computing has gained attraction of
many researchers recently. In order to incorporate fault testing capability in reversible circuits, a number of
offline and online approaches have been proposed. In order to extend online testability of reversible circuits, an
analysis followed by a Peres gate substitution is presented here. The proposed extension has identified online
testing capabilities of MCF gates and has made all available libraries including MCT+MCF, MCT+P online
testable. Furthermore a conversion for parity-preserving reversible circuits is presented. Finally the paper is
concluded by proposing a generic online testable substitution of n*n reversible gate
DETECTION AND ELIMINATION OF NON-TRIVIAL REVERSIBLE IDENTITIESIJCSEA Journal
Non-Trivial Reversible Identities (NTRIs) are reversible circuits that have equal inputs and outputs. NTRIs of arbitrary size cannot be detected, in general, using ptimization algorithms in the literature. Existence of NTRIs in a circuit will cause a slow down by increasing the number of gates and the quantum cost. NTRIs might arise because of an integration of two or more optimal reversible circuits. In this paper, an algorithm that detects and removes NTRIs in polynomial time will be proposed. Experiments that show the bad effect of NTRIs and the enhancement using the proposed algorithm will be presented.
A Low Power VITERBI Decoder Design With Minimum Transition Hybrid Register Ex...VLSICS Design
This work proposes the low power implementation of Viterbi Decoder. Majority of viterbi decoder designs in the past use simple Register Exchange or Traceback method to achieve very high speed and low power decoding respectively, but it suffers from both complex routing and high switching activity. Here simplification is made in survivor memory unit by storing only m-1 bits to identify previous state in the survivor path, and by assigning m-1 registers to decision vectors. This approach eliminates unnecessary shift operations. Also for storing the decoded data only half memory is required than register exchange method. In this paper Hybrid approach that combines both Traceback and Register Exchange schemes has been applied to the viterbi decoder design. By using distance properties of encoder we further modified to minimum transition hybrid register exchange method. It leads to lower dynamic power consumption because of lower switching activity. Dynamic power estimation obtained through gate level simulation indicates that the proposed design reduces the power dissipation of a conventional viterbi decoder design by 30%.
Design of Reversible Sequential Circuit Using Reversible Logic SynthesisVLSICS Design
Reversible logic is one of the most vital issue at present time and it has different areas for its application, those are low power CMOS, quantum computing, nanotechnology, cryptography, optical computing, DNA computing, digital signal processing (DSP), quantum dot cellular automata, communication, computer graphics. It is not possible to realize quantum computing without implementation of reversible logic. The main purposes of designing reversible logic are to decrease quantum cost, depth of the circuits and the number of garbage outputs. In this paper, we have proposed a new reversible gate. And we have designed RS flip flop and D flip flop by using our proposed gate and Peres gate. The proposed designs are better than the existing proposed ones in terms of number of reversible gates and garbage outputs. So, this realization is more efficient and less costly than other realizations.
An Extended Approach for Online Testing of Reversible CircuitsIOSR Journals
: Reversible computing has tremendous benefits in terms of power consumption, less heat dissipation
and packaging density. Because its applications are found in diverse fields including quantum computing,
nanotechnology, low power CMOS designs and cryptography, Reversible computing has gained attraction of
many researchers recently. In order to incorporate fault testing capability in reversible circuits, a number of
offline and online approaches have been proposed. In order to extend online testability of reversible circuits, an
analysis followed by a Peres gate substitution is presented here. The proposed extension has identified online
testing capabilities of MCF gates and has made all available libraries including MCT+MCF, MCT+P online
testable. Furthermore a conversion for parity-preserving reversible circuits is presented. Finally the paper is
concluded by proposing a generic online testable substitution of n*n reversible gate
One of the most attractive field for research for researchers and authors so the Wireless adhoc networks.
So, this paper will describe the background and basic features of Open Short Path First (OSPF) routing
protocol due to multi-access networks. Explaining and practice on the OSPF configuration commands.
Describe, modify and calculate the metric (Cost) used by OSPF due to adhoc networks. Illustrating the
Election parameters made by DR/BDR (Designated and Back Designated) Routers used in multi-access
wireless networks. This paper will use OSPF routing protocol because of its average administrative
distance with all routing protocols.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
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III EEE-CS2363-Computer-Networks-important-questions-for-unit-1-unit-2-for-may-june-2014
1. DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
CS2363 - COMPUTER NETWORKS - UNIT 1 & UNIT 2
Year/Semester & Branch: III year /VI Semester & B.E EEE
Max. Marks: 100 Time: 3 hrs
PART-A Answer ALL Questions (10x2=20 Marks)
1. What is meant by bit stuffing?
2. What are all techniques is used for Selecting Access point in IEEE 802.11?s
3. How MSAU bypass the circuit in token ring station? Give one Token Ring Diagram with MSAU.
4. What are the responsibilities of network layer?
5. Define Throughput and Latency and write calculation formulae.
6. A network with bandwidth of 10 Mbps can pass only an average of 12,000 frames per
minute with each frame carrying an average of 10,000 bits. What is the throughput of this
Network?
7. What is the purpose of subnetting?
8. Write the layers in OSI reference model and TCP Model.
9. Give the CIDR notation for Class A, B and C.
10. What is IPV6?
PART-B Answer ALL Questions (5x16=80 Marks)
11. (a) What are the techniques used to implement Reliable Transmission?. (16)
OR
11. (b)
(i) What is error detection? Short noted about internet checksum method. (4)
(ii) Give short notes on hardware building blocks. (12)
12. (a) Briefly explain Wireless networks (IEEE 802.11,IEEE 802.16,IEEE 802.15.1 (16)
OR
12. (b)
(i) Write a note on IEEE 802.3 Physical properties and access protocol. (12)
(ii) Give short notes about Bluetooth piconet (802.15.1). (4)
13. (a)
(i) Explain in detail about Internet Control Message Protocol. (6)
(ii) What is the purpose of routing? Explain flooding algorithm for routing the packets in detail. (10)
OR
13. (b) (i) Explain briefly about IEEE 802.5 Token Rings and Token ring maintenance & FDDI. (14)
(ii) What is meant by Clock-Based Framing (SONET)? (2)
14. (a) Explain in detail the dynamic host configuration protocol. (16)
OR
14. (b) (i) Explain briefly about subnetting. (8)
(ii) Give Structure of IPV6 & its header format. (8)
15. (a) Explain the different approaches of framing and encoding in detail. (16)
OR
15. (b) Write short notes on the following routing:
(i) Shortest path routing. (4)
(ii) Flooding. (4)
(iii) Distance vector routing. (4)
(iv) Flow based routing. (4)
2. DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
CS2363 - COMPUTER NETWORKS - UNIT 1 & UNIT 2
Year/Semester & Branch: III year /VI Semester & B.E EEE
Max. Marks: 100 Time: 3 hrs
PART-A Answer ALL Questions (10x2=20 Marks)
1. What is the role of MSAU in 802.5?
2. What is internetworking?
3. Write short Notes on Layer - Protocol architecture and structure.
4. Differentiate ARP and RARP.
5. Define a standard 802.3 frame format.
6. What are the uses of internetwork routing?
7. Define OSI model and what are the seven layers of OSI Model?
8. What is meant by bit stuffing?
9. Define Subnetting.
10. Show with an examples how encoding can be done using NRZI technique.
PART-B Answer ALL Questions (5x16=80 Marks)
11. (a)
(i) Discuss in detail on cyclic redundancy check with suitable examples. (8)
(ii) How does the network performance measure? (8)
OR
11. (b)
(i) Describe network architecture Layering & protocol in detail. (10)
(ii) Discuss the four basic network topologies and give the advantages and disadvantages of
each type. (6)
12. (a)
(i) Explain briefly about IEEE 802.5 Token Rings and Token ring maintenance & FDDI. (14)
(ii) State the difference between TCP and UDP protocols. (2)
OR
12. (b) Explain briefly about Wi-Fi 802.11. (16)
13. (a) Explain in detail about OSI reference model with neat sketches and its layer operations. (16)
OR
13. (b) Illustrate with a neat sketch, the IPV 4 datagram format. Compare the fields in the main
headers of IPV 4 and IPV 6. (16)
14. (a)
(i) Internet control message protocol. (12)
(ii) Find the class and CIDR notation of each address
(1) 11000001 10000011 00011011 1111 1111
(2) 14.23.120. 8. (4)
OR
14. (b) Compare Address Resolution Protocol and RARP. (16)
15. (a)
(i) What is the function of stop and wait flow control? (8)
(ii)Explain Briefly about Bridges. (8)
OR
15. (b) Explain the different approaches of framing and encoding in detail. (16)
*****