The document contains 10 questions related to instrumentation and microprocessor-based systems. Question 1 asks to draw and explain a block diagram of a microprocessor-based instrumentation system and discuss the importance of microprocessors in modern industries. Question 2 asks about the role of the 8255 chip in microprocessor systems and benefits of PCI over ISA. Question 3 defines RS-232 signals and explains simplex and half-duplex connections. The remaining questions cover topics like ADCs, Bluetooth, electrostatic discharge, signal propagation, crosstalk, software development models, process control systems, interfacing, USB, DACs, optical data transmission, reducing noise and interference, high-speed design, trace impedance, software reliability, and

1. Instrumentation II Set- A FM: 80 PM: 32
1. Draw the block diagram of microprocessor based instrumentation system and explain
each block in brief. Explain the importance of microprocessor based instrumentation
in modern industries. (5+3)
2. Explain the role of 8255 in microprocessor based system with an appropriate
example. Also explain the benefits of PCI bus over ISA bus. (4+4)
3. Define the signals used in RS232 devices. Also explain the simplex and half duplex
connection using RS232 interface. (10)
Or
Describe the procedure for synchronous and asynchronous serial interface. Also explain
SDU and its transmitting and receiving units. (10)
4. What are the parameters to characterize ADCs? How do you interface ADC to a
processor? Explain using the necessary signals. (3+5)
5. Explain the terms piconet and scatternet in context of Bluetooth technology. Also draw
and explain the block diagram of data logger in brief. (3+5)
6. (a) What is electrostatic discharge? How do you prevent it?(2+2)
(b) Differentiate between signal ground and safety ground. (2)
7. What is dispersion and how do you prevent it? Explain how the propagation delay of
signals can corrupt circuit operation. (6)
8. What is crosstalk? How do you avoid crosstalk while making layout of the circuit?(6)
9. You are the head of a particular software development team. If you were to choose a
software model, which one would you choose? Compare the chosen model with other
models.(8)
10. Draw the complete block diagram of the industrial process control system involved in
your case study. Explain the drawbacks of the existing system and propose a
recommendation to sort out the above drawbacks with diagrams. (12)

2. Instrumentation II Set- B FM: 80 PM: 32
1. Define interfacing to the microprocessor and address decoding. Explain partial decoding
of memory chip with an example.(8)
2. Given is the figure for interfacing keyboard
and display to the microprocessor via 8255.
a. Explain how this interfacing circuit
works with necessary diagrams.(4)
b. Also write the mode definition control
word and bit set/ reset control word for
enabling the interrupt in the given
case.(4)
3. (a) How does a USB host determine what
speed device is plugged into it? Also
explain the mechanism of data transfer in
USB standard? (3+4)
(b) How do you connect two RS232 devices
both DTEs? (3)
4. What are the factors involved in selecting
ADCs and DACs? Also explain the errors
that may occur in them.(8)
5. What are the advantages of optical data transmission over electrical transmission (or
digital over analog)? Explain the components of satellite system. (8)
6. (a) Explain how tying the analog and digital references together will reduce noise with
necessary figure.(3)
(b) Explain how twisting the wire and running the wire close to the ground will help in
reducing inductive coupling.(3)
7. Explain the factors that you need to consider for high speed design.(6)
8. Define routing signal traces. Explain the role of trace impedance in circuit board and
how can problems associated with circuit mismatch be solved.(7)
9. Define software reliability. Explain the good programming practices for the software
development. (7)
10. Explain the steps involved in making case study. Include the information about the
system there and the suggestion you made. Also explain the variables (signals) that
were used for instrumentation and data collection system for the system there.(12)