This document discusses the implementation of an internet radio station at a college in India. It describes the key components needed including a server (Icecast) to stream audio, source software (SAM Broadcaster) to encode and send the audio, an Android application for users to listen, and a backend database (Parse) to store user data and ratings. The system is designed to stream audio from the college to users via the mobile app. It also provides statistics on internet and radio usage in India to motivate the project and calculates bandwidth needed at different usage levels. The goal is to eventually connect educational institutions across India through their own internet radio stations.
Web Radio: A Manual for Streaming Audio on the WebCEMCA
The document provides guidelines for setting up a web-based radio station as an alternative to community radio which has limitations related to spectrum, regulations, and reach. It explains how web radio works and its components, and provides step-by-step instructions for setting up a dummy web radio, a campus web radio accessible only on a university network, and an internet web radio accessible worldwide. The document also introduces mobile radio as an emerging technology and compares it with web radio and traditional FM broadcast.
The Sprint Enterprise Messaging Gateway provides a single connection point for text messages into the Sprint CDMA and Nextel iDEN networks. It supports the SNPP, WCTP, and SMPP protocols for 2-way messaging up to 500 characters. Connectivity requires a persistent VPN, Frame Relay, or ATM connection. The gateway can be accessed through a web portal, Outlook plugin, browser plugin, or IVR for composing, sending, and tracking messages across formats like SMS, email, voice, and fax.
In this assessment, Spotify's advantages, technical specifications and a review of Quality of Service and Experience will be presented. To determine how is the quality of the audio affected by the application, comparison between the streamed audio and the audio from the original.
The document discusses the Domain Name System (DNS) and how it works to translate domain names to IP addresses. It explains the hierarchical structure of domain names from top-level domains down to subdomains. It also describes how DNS servers store and retrieve resource records containing IP address mappings for domain names. Finally, it provides examples of common resource record types used in the DNS.
The document discusses computer networks and email. It describes how DNS works by converting domain names to IP addresses so humans can access websites using names instead of numbers. It then explains the basic architecture of email, including common email providers and protocols like SMTP, POP, and IMAP. SMTP is used to transfer messages between servers, while POP and IMAP deal with receiving and accessing emails from the server. The document also provides details on email message format, with the header containing sender/recipient info and the body containing the actual content.
The document discusses how life has become more dependent on internet-connected devices and online services. It introduces Onubha as a communications gateway that can manage internet traffic, content delivery, security, and infrastructure resources. Onubha's components include a deep packet analyzer, bandwidth controller, firewall, SMS and voice capabilities. It aims to help organizations navigate the changing context of digital communications.
This document provides an introduction to the internet and related topics. It begins by outlining the objectives of the section, which are to define the internet, remind learners of internet protocols, describe how the internet works, types of servers, and internet addressing. It then defines the internet and describes how it works through hardware components and protocols. It discusses types of servers including web servers, DNS servers, and proxy servers. It concludes by covering topics of internet addressing like IP addresses, domain names, and DNS.
VoIP provides voice calls over the internet using packet switching rather than traditional circuit switching. The document discusses the technology behind VoIP, including standards like SIP and H.323. While VoIP is still developing, services are appearing that offer VoIP using these standards. The document also outlines issues that have arisen with VoIP implementation and research being done to address these issues, focusing on a case study from the University of Southampton.
Web Radio: A Manual for Streaming Audio on the WebCEMCA
The document provides guidelines for setting up a web-based radio station as an alternative to community radio which has limitations related to spectrum, regulations, and reach. It explains how web radio works and its components, and provides step-by-step instructions for setting up a dummy web radio, a campus web radio accessible only on a university network, and an internet web radio accessible worldwide. The document also introduces mobile radio as an emerging technology and compares it with web radio and traditional FM broadcast.
The Sprint Enterprise Messaging Gateway provides a single connection point for text messages into the Sprint CDMA and Nextel iDEN networks. It supports the SNPP, WCTP, and SMPP protocols for 2-way messaging up to 500 characters. Connectivity requires a persistent VPN, Frame Relay, or ATM connection. The gateway can be accessed through a web portal, Outlook plugin, browser plugin, or IVR for composing, sending, and tracking messages across formats like SMS, email, voice, and fax.
In this assessment, Spotify's advantages, technical specifications and a review of Quality of Service and Experience will be presented. To determine how is the quality of the audio affected by the application, comparison between the streamed audio and the audio from the original.
The document discusses the Domain Name System (DNS) and how it works to translate domain names to IP addresses. It explains the hierarchical structure of domain names from top-level domains down to subdomains. It also describes how DNS servers store and retrieve resource records containing IP address mappings for domain names. Finally, it provides examples of common resource record types used in the DNS.
The document discusses computer networks and email. It describes how DNS works by converting domain names to IP addresses so humans can access websites using names instead of numbers. It then explains the basic architecture of email, including common email providers and protocols like SMTP, POP, and IMAP. SMTP is used to transfer messages between servers, while POP and IMAP deal with receiving and accessing emails from the server. The document also provides details on email message format, with the header containing sender/recipient info and the body containing the actual content.
The document discusses how life has become more dependent on internet-connected devices and online services. It introduces Onubha as a communications gateway that can manage internet traffic, content delivery, security, and infrastructure resources. Onubha's components include a deep packet analyzer, bandwidth controller, firewall, SMS and voice capabilities. It aims to help organizations navigate the changing context of digital communications.
This document provides an introduction to the internet and related topics. It begins by outlining the objectives of the section, which are to define the internet, remind learners of internet protocols, describe how the internet works, types of servers, and internet addressing. It then defines the internet and describes how it works through hardware components and protocols. It discusses types of servers including web servers, DNS servers, and proxy servers. It concludes by covering topics of internet addressing like IP addresses, domain names, and DNS.
VoIP provides voice calls over the internet using packet switching rather than traditional circuit switching. The document discusses the technology behind VoIP, including standards like SIP and H.323. While VoIP is still developing, services are appearing that offer VoIP using these standards. The document also outlines issues that have arisen with VoIP implementation and research being done to address these issues, focusing on a case study from the University of Southampton.
El título de la exposición "LA MAÑANA" refleja una visión subjetiva y pesimista del mundo, con sentimientos de desasosiego e inquietud. El autor describe sus propias contradicciones internas y un temor al futuro incierto.
XXIX Conferenza Organizzativa Confartigianato Bergamo: L'impresa e la sfida d...Davide Aresi
Il 07/10/2016 si è tenuta presso la sede di Confartigianato Bergamo la XXIX Conferenza Organizzativa dal tema "L'impresa e la sfida del digitale", con grade piacere ed una punta di orgoglio sono stato invitato a portare la mia esperienza di giovane imprenditore ed il mio approccio alla cultura digitale.
Questo è il materiale che ho presentato.
Il 07/10/2016 si è tenuta presso la sede di Confartigianato Bergamo la XXIX Conferenza Organizzativa dal tema "L'impresa e la sfida del digitale", con grade piacere ed una punta di orgoglio sono stato invitato a portare la mia esperienza di giovane imprenditore ed il mio approccio alla cultura digitale.
Questo è il materiale che ho presentato.
Il più ampio e longevo progetto di monitoraggio e advocacy sulle donne nei mezzi d’informazione, promosso dalla World Assocation for Christian Communication con il supporto di UN Women. Realizzato per la prima volta nel 1995, e replicato ogni 5 anni. La V edizione del Global Media Monitoring Project nel 2015 ha coinvolto ben 114 paesi del mondo, consentendo di avere dati comparabili nel tempo, per diverse aree del mondo e attraverso vari media, inclusi quelli digitali.
L’Osservatorio di Pavia partecipa al progetto dal 2005, in partnership con l’Università di Padova e, di volta in volta, in collaborazione con diversi atenei italiani , associazioni, istituzioni e gruppi della società civile.
L’edizione del 2015 è stata attesa con particolare interesse, ricorrendo nel ventesimo anniversario della Piattaforma e Dichiarazione di Pechino, che nel 1995 riconobbe il settore dei media come strategico per il miglioramento della condizione delle donne in tutto il mondo.
I risultati del monitoraggio dimostrano purtroppo che c’è ancora molto da fare: perché, salvo qualche distinguo, in tutti i tipi media di tutti i paesi del mondo il già lento progresso verso una rappresentazione di genere bilanciata e non stereotipata ha subito una battuta d’arresto.
The document describes different animals and the movements they can make, asking the reader if they can do each movement. It lists a penguin turning its head, a giraffe bending its neck, a buffalo raising its shoulders, and other animals including a monkey, seal, gorilla, cat, crocodile, camel, donkey, elephant and finally "I" wiggling its toe, asking if the reader can mimic each movement.
L'analisi fondamentale, insieme all'analisi tecnica, è il principale strumento per lo studio di un titolo prima di investire sullo stesso.
Mentre l'analisi tecnica cerca di definire il prezzo futuro di un titolo basandosi sugli aspetti formali dell'andamento delle quotazioni (derivati da grafici), l'analisi fondamentale si occupa di stabilire il prezzo corretto di un titolo, in base alle caratteristiche economico-finanziarie della società cui fa riferimento.
Cosa significa? Che questo tipo di analisi serve a valutare la solidità patrimoniale e la redditività di un'azienda, determinando il valore intrinseco della società che ne la possiede.
Scopriamo insieme come farla, dove trovare le informazioni e, soprattutto, quando è necessario utilizzarla e quando se ne può fare a meno.
P&G marketing capabilities, HBR Case study,Anjali VermaAnjali Verma
P&G is an American multinational consumer goods company and global leader in branded consumer products. Founded in 1837, P&G's purpose is to improve lives of customers through continued innovation. P&G has over 50 brands across six segments and generates over $50 billion in annual sales. To drive growth, P&G is focusing on innovating core brands, reaching unserved consumers through improved market research, and ensuring a global presence through branding, advertising, and digital media.
Internet radio involves streaming audio content continuously over the Internet similar to traditional radio broadcasts. It has several advantages over traditional radio like no geographic limitations, ability to include additional multimedia content, and lower costs for broadcasters. However, generating revenue through advertising has been challenging for most Internet radio stations due to low listener numbers. There are two main methods of delivering audio - streaming which plays in real-time, and downloads which stores files on the user's device. In India, copyright issues have prevented widespread adoption of Internet radio, though some stations provide audio clips online.
This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities in creating scalable voice forums. We also present a new open-source system, IVR Junction, that leverages existing free services and commercial tools to simplify the process of creating a voice forum.
start your own business(web hosting, web radio, web TV)erkiri
1. The document discusses three web-based business opportunities: web hosting, internet TV station (web TV), and internet radio station (web radio).
2. For web hosting, the service provides domain registration, website publishing, email, and data storage on a secure server with redundancy features.
3. An internet TV station (web TV) broadcasts TV channels over the internet in video formats like H.264 instead of satellite. It can also be used for local cable TV.
4. Similarly, an internet radio station (web radio) streams audio over the internet in formats like mp3/AAC for anyone worldwide, as with web TV. It can earn revenue from advertising or subscription hosting.
This document discusses podcasting and serving multimedia. It defines podcasting as a digital medium consisting of episodic audio, video or other files that are subscribed to and downloaded. Podcasters create content while podcatchers listen to content. Popular podcatching clients include Juice Receiver. The document provides an example of a simple RSS feed for podcasting and discusses validating, advertising and finding podcasts. It also covers issues with serving multimedia like file sizes and formats, and describes common container and encoding formats like MP3, Ogg, AVI, ASF and MPEG. Finally, it discusses protocols for multimedia like multicast using RTP and unicast using HTTP streaming.
i-mode was launched in Japan in 1999 as a wireless internet service. Unlike WAP, i-mode uses a wider variety of internet standards over a packet-switched network, allowing access to services like email, games, and financial services. Content is provided through mobile carriers who control billing. i-mode works through a packet network, i-mode server, and information providers. It provides constant connectivity without usage charges. Security includes password protection and securing private networks.
This document discusses internet radio software components. It describes an Android application called VLIVE that allows users to listen to internet radio stations and rate live programming. It also discusses a graph feature that could track listener numbers over time. The document proposes implementing an internet radio station using a virtual machine with allocated resources at a local college to broadcast events and entertainment.
The document discusses various components of the internet including personal computers, modems, internet service providers, TCP/IP protocol, IP addresses, routers, packet switching, browsers, search engines, and applications like email, video conferencing, chatting, and e-commerce. It provides information on how computers connect to the internet, how data is transmitted over the internet, and examples of commonly used browsers and search engines.
I-mode is a mobile internet (as opposed to wireless internet) service popular in Japan. Unlike Wireless Application Protocol or WAP, i-mode encompasses a wider variety of internet standards, including web access-mail and the packet-switched network that delivers the data. I-mode users have access to various services such as e-mail, sports results, weather forecast, games, financial services and ticket booking. Content is provided by specialized services, typically from the mobile carrier, which allows them to have tighter control over billing. Like WAP, i-mode delivers only those services that are specifically converted for the service, or are converted through gateways. This has placed both systems at a disadvantage against handsets that use "real" browser software, and generally use a flat pricing structure for data. Even I-mode's creator, Takeshi Natsuno, has stated "I believe the Linksys iPhone (a phone that uses the traditional TCP/IP model) is closer to the mobile phone of the future, compared with the latest Japanese mobile phones."
This document discusses a voice-controlled robot system with two embedded systems - a master system to control the robot and a slave robot system that responds to voice commands from the master. The systems communicate wirelessly using a protocol like Bluetooth. The slave robot uses Sphinx-4 speech recognition software to understand voice commands. Video, audio and other data can be transmitted between the systems. The paper focuses on the wireless transmission of data between the embedded systems and enhancing voice processing technologies for robot control.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DESKTOP VOICE ASSISTANT IN PYTHONIRJET Journal
This document describes a desktop voice assistant created in Python named JARVIS. The assistant uses speech recognition and text-to-speech to respond to voice commands. It was created by students to be helpful, harmless, and honest. The assistant can perform tasks like answering questions, managing to-do lists, and automating home devices using voice commands. It was built using Python libraries like Pyttsx3, speech recognition, and Selenium.
Vertex – The All in one Web ApplicationIRJET Journal
The document discusses the development of Vertex, an all-in-one web application that integrates social media, music streaming, video streaming, and other applications into a single platform. It aims to improve the user experience by reducing the need to switch between multiple individual applications. The key components of Vertex include a social media app for profiles, posts and messaging, face filters, media playback and controls, and a video streaming app. The integration of these features into one application provides a more seamless experience for users.
Chromecast Technology Report(HDMI dongal developed by google)Kiran Girase
The Chromecast is a casting divice, which is develop by google. Its report about this device . How we can use this device in our daily life and what importance of this device. This device is very useful in casting to one device to other device
The document defines terms related to mobile technology. It provides definitions for 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G which describe the different generations of wireless network technology and their key characteristics such as supported data speeds and standards. It also defines various mobile operating systems like Android, iOS, Blackberry OS, and other terms related to Bluetooth, WiFi, mobile applications, advertising and more. The document is a glossary that aims to explain commonly used technical terms in mobile communications.
El título de la exposición "LA MAÑANA" refleja una visión subjetiva y pesimista del mundo, con sentimientos de desasosiego e inquietud. El autor describe sus propias contradicciones internas y un temor al futuro incierto.
XXIX Conferenza Organizzativa Confartigianato Bergamo: L'impresa e la sfida d...Davide Aresi
Il 07/10/2016 si è tenuta presso la sede di Confartigianato Bergamo la XXIX Conferenza Organizzativa dal tema "L'impresa e la sfida del digitale", con grade piacere ed una punta di orgoglio sono stato invitato a portare la mia esperienza di giovane imprenditore ed il mio approccio alla cultura digitale.
Questo è il materiale che ho presentato.
Il 07/10/2016 si è tenuta presso la sede di Confartigianato Bergamo la XXIX Conferenza Organizzativa dal tema "L'impresa e la sfida del digitale", con grade piacere ed una punta di orgoglio sono stato invitato a portare la mia esperienza di giovane imprenditore ed il mio approccio alla cultura digitale.
Questo è il materiale che ho presentato.
Il più ampio e longevo progetto di monitoraggio e advocacy sulle donne nei mezzi d’informazione, promosso dalla World Assocation for Christian Communication con il supporto di UN Women. Realizzato per la prima volta nel 1995, e replicato ogni 5 anni. La V edizione del Global Media Monitoring Project nel 2015 ha coinvolto ben 114 paesi del mondo, consentendo di avere dati comparabili nel tempo, per diverse aree del mondo e attraverso vari media, inclusi quelli digitali.
L’Osservatorio di Pavia partecipa al progetto dal 2005, in partnership con l’Università di Padova e, di volta in volta, in collaborazione con diversi atenei italiani , associazioni, istituzioni e gruppi della società civile.
L’edizione del 2015 è stata attesa con particolare interesse, ricorrendo nel ventesimo anniversario della Piattaforma e Dichiarazione di Pechino, che nel 1995 riconobbe il settore dei media come strategico per il miglioramento della condizione delle donne in tutto il mondo.
I risultati del monitoraggio dimostrano purtroppo che c’è ancora molto da fare: perché, salvo qualche distinguo, in tutti i tipi media di tutti i paesi del mondo il già lento progresso verso una rappresentazione di genere bilanciata e non stereotipata ha subito una battuta d’arresto.
The document describes different animals and the movements they can make, asking the reader if they can do each movement. It lists a penguin turning its head, a giraffe bending its neck, a buffalo raising its shoulders, and other animals including a monkey, seal, gorilla, cat, crocodile, camel, donkey, elephant and finally "I" wiggling its toe, asking if the reader can mimic each movement.
L'analisi fondamentale, insieme all'analisi tecnica, è il principale strumento per lo studio di un titolo prima di investire sullo stesso.
Mentre l'analisi tecnica cerca di definire il prezzo futuro di un titolo basandosi sugli aspetti formali dell'andamento delle quotazioni (derivati da grafici), l'analisi fondamentale si occupa di stabilire il prezzo corretto di un titolo, in base alle caratteristiche economico-finanziarie della società cui fa riferimento.
Cosa significa? Che questo tipo di analisi serve a valutare la solidità patrimoniale e la redditività di un'azienda, determinando il valore intrinseco della società che ne la possiede.
Scopriamo insieme come farla, dove trovare le informazioni e, soprattutto, quando è necessario utilizzarla e quando se ne può fare a meno.
P&G marketing capabilities, HBR Case study,Anjali VermaAnjali Verma
P&G is an American multinational consumer goods company and global leader in branded consumer products. Founded in 1837, P&G's purpose is to improve lives of customers through continued innovation. P&G has over 50 brands across six segments and generates over $50 billion in annual sales. To drive growth, P&G is focusing on innovating core brands, reaching unserved consumers through improved market research, and ensuring a global presence through branding, advertising, and digital media.
Internet radio involves streaming audio content continuously over the Internet similar to traditional radio broadcasts. It has several advantages over traditional radio like no geographic limitations, ability to include additional multimedia content, and lower costs for broadcasters. However, generating revenue through advertising has been challenging for most Internet radio stations due to low listener numbers. There are two main methods of delivering audio - streaming which plays in real-time, and downloads which stores files on the user's device. In India, copyright issues have prevented widespread adoption of Internet radio, though some stations provide audio clips online.
This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities in creating scalable voice forums. We also present a new open-source system, IVR Junction, that leverages existing free services and commercial tools to simplify the process of creating a voice forum.
start your own business(web hosting, web radio, web TV)erkiri
1. The document discusses three web-based business opportunities: web hosting, internet TV station (web TV), and internet radio station (web radio).
2. For web hosting, the service provides domain registration, website publishing, email, and data storage on a secure server with redundancy features.
3. An internet TV station (web TV) broadcasts TV channels over the internet in video formats like H.264 instead of satellite. It can also be used for local cable TV.
4. Similarly, an internet radio station (web radio) streams audio over the internet in formats like mp3/AAC for anyone worldwide, as with web TV. It can earn revenue from advertising or subscription hosting.
This document discusses podcasting and serving multimedia. It defines podcasting as a digital medium consisting of episodic audio, video or other files that are subscribed to and downloaded. Podcasters create content while podcatchers listen to content. Popular podcatching clients include Juice Receiver. The document provides an example of a simple RSS feed for podcasting and discusses validating, advertising and finding podcasts. It also covers issues with serving multimedia like file sizes and formats, and describes common container and encoding formats like MP3, Ogg, AVI, ASF and MPEG. Finally, it discusses protocols for multimedia like multicast using RTP and unicast using HTTP streaming.
i-mode was launched in Japan in 1999 as a wireless internet service. Unlike WAP, i-mode uses a wider variety of internet standards over a packet-switched network, allowing access to services like email, games, and financial services. Content is provided through mobile carriers who control billing. i-mode works through a packet network, i-mode server, and information providers. It provides constant connectivity without usage charges. Security includes password protection and securing private networks.
This document discusses internet radio software components. It describes an Android application called VLIVE that allows users to listen to internet radio stations and rate live programming. It also discusses a graph feature that could track listener numbers over time. The document proposes implementing an internet radio station using a virtual machine with allocated resources at a local college to broadcast events and entertainment.
The document discusses various components of the internet including personal computers, modems, internet service providers, TCP/IP protocol, IP addresses, routers, packet switching, browsers, search engines, and applications like email, video conferencing, chatting, and e-commerce. It provides information on how computers connect to the internet, how data is transmitted over the internet, and examples of commonly used browsers and search engines.
I-mode is a mobile internet (as opposed to wireless internet) service popular in Japan. Unlike Wireless Application Protocol or WAP, i-mode encompasses a wider variety of internet standards, including web access-mail and the packet-switched network that delivers the data. I-mode users have access to various services such as e-mail, sports results, weather forecast, games, financial services and ticket booking. Content is provided by specialized services, typically from the mobile carrier, which allows them to have tighter control over billing. Like WAP, i-mode delivers only those services that are specifically converted for the service, or are converted through gateways. This has placed both systems at a disadvantage against handsets that use "real" browser software, and generally use a flat pricing structure for data. Even I-mode's creator, Takeshi Natsuno, has stated "I believe the Linksys iPhone (a phone that uses the traditional TCP/IP model) is closer to the mobile phone of the future, compared with the latest Japanese mobile phones."
This document discusses a voice-controlled robot system with two embedded systems - a master system to control the robot and a slave robot system that responds to voice commands from the master. The systems communicate wirelessly using a protocol like Bluetooth. The slave robot uses Sphinx-4 speech recognition software to understand voice commands. Video, audio and other data can be transmitted between the systems. The paper focuses on the wireless transmission of data between the embedded systems and enhancing voice processing technologies for robot control.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DESKTOP VOICE ASSISTANT IN PYTHONIRJET Journal
This document describes a desktop voice assistant created in Python named JARVIS. The assistant uses speech recognition and text-to-speech to respond to voice commands. It was created by students to be helpful, harmless, and honest. The assistant can perform tasks like answering questions, managing to-do lists, and automating home devices using voice commands. It was built using Python libraries like Pyttsx3, speech recognition, and Selenium.
Vertex – The All in one Web ApplicationIRJET Journal
The document discusses the development of Vertex, an all-in-one web application that integrates social media, music streaming, video streaming, and other applications into a single platform. It aims to improve the user experience by reducing the need to switch between multiple individual applications. The key components of Vertex include a social media app for profiles, posts and messaging, face filters, media playback and controls, and a video streaming app. The integration of these features into one application provides a more seamless experience for users.
Chromecast Technology Report(HDMI dongal developed by google)Kiran Girase
The Chromecast is a casting divice, which is develop by google. Its report about this device . How we can use this device in our daily life and what importance of this device. This device is very useful in casting to one device to other device
The document defines terms related to mobile technology. It provides definitions for 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G which describe the different generations of wireless network technology and their key characteristics such as supported data speeds and standards. It also defines various mobile operating systems like Android, iOS, Blackberry OS, and other terms related to Bluetooth, WiFi, mobile applications, advertising and more. The document is a glossary that aims to explain commonly used technical terms in mobile communications.
This document provides an introduction to concepts related to the internet and web browsing. It defines internet and how it works, types of internet services, hardware components, internet connections, cloud computing, online data backup, and web browsers. Key terms related to web browsing like URL, address bar, domain, links, and navigation buttons are also introduced. [/SUMMARY]
This document summarizes a presentation on connectivity technologies for in-vehicle infotainment systems. It discusses various methods for integrating smartphones and connecting vehicles to the internet or mobile networks, including through tethering, embedded connectivity modules, or wireless synchronization of content. Standards like RadioDNS and services from the Internet Media Device Alliance are presented as ways to enhance radio listening experiences across different devices and networks.
Native WebRTC Mobile App Development: Tools & TipsAjeet Singh
WebRTC is an out-and-out browser based technology. When we talk about WebRTC, perhaps the most imaginative might picture some technology on a mobile or at best a native application instead of a browser-based one, however most would imagine nothing but browsers and some story around it.
Now WebRTC has gone stronger and its implementations have crossed many boundaries. WebRTC on mobile apps is no longer a fantasy.
Here at Algoworks we have successfully created functioning mobile apps using it and they are performing better than predicted.
This slide presents you some of the best Tools & Tips for Native WebRTC Mobile App Development. Don't miss this out. ;)
Automatic Android Telecaller App Using REST APIIRJET Journal
This document describes the development of an automatic Android telecaller app using REST APIs. The app allows users to record incoming and outgoing calls for purposes like investigations or voice quality analysis. It utilizes Android services, the telephony manager, media recorder, and phone state listener. The app will be useful for telecalling and banking sectors to record important conversations. It provides a simple, lightweight solution compared to other complex call recording apps. The app fetches outgoing call numbers directly from the database using REST APIs.
The document defines the Internet and its history, services, and uses. It also defines the World Wide Web (WWW) as a system of hyperlinked web pages that uses the Internet. Further, it defines an Internet Service Provider (ISP) as a company that provides customers access to the Internet via technologies like DSL, cable, fiber, and wireless. Finally, it clarifies that while the Internet is the worldwide network of connected devices, the Web is a service that uses the Internet and is accessed through web browsers.
Low-cost wireless mesh communications based on openWRT and voice over interne...IJECEIAES
Technology makes it easier for us to communicate over a distance. However, there are still many remote areas that find it difficult to communicate. This is due to the fact that communication infrastructure in some areas is expensive to build while the profit will be low. This paper proposes to combine voice over internet protocol (VoIP) over mesh network implemented on openWRT router. The routers are performing mesh functions. We set up a VoIP server on a router and enabled session initiation protocol (SIP) clients on other routers. Therefore, we only need routers as a means of communication. The experiment showed very good results, in the line-of-sight (LOS) condition, they are limited to reception distances up to 145 meters while in the non-lineof-sight (NLOS) condition, they are limited to reception distances up to 55 meters.
Low-cost wireless mesh communications based on openWRT and voice over interne...
IEEE PAPER
1. 1
Implementation of Internet Radio
Ankit Bapat, Sainath Komakula
Student, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication,
Vidyalankar Institute of Technology,
Wadala, Mumbai.
Dr.Saurabh Mehta,
Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication,
Vidyalankar Institute of Technology,
Wadala, Mumbai.
Abstract—Internet Radio is an upcoming sector in India.
It has great potential since it falls in entertainment
industry. The basic object is to build Internet Radio
service for our college. The proposed system consists of
software which will encode the voice from microphone to
MP3 format along with dedicated server which streams
the data to end user on an android application. The
application includes list of other radio stations along with
the detail description of that station. The additional
features like rating in which the user can rate other radio
stations is also provided in android application. This
additional feature can be used as sponsorship for outside
world and even in the college. It is a kind of T.R.P rating
used to judge live programmers. The viewership of the
project can be noted by this mechanism. To store rating
information given by user and to keep the account of user
who is using the application and listening to the stream, a
backend database is used. The future scope of this paper is
to connect all educational institutes in India through their
own Internet radio stations at campus level by using an
android application.
Keywords—Server, Data base, Android application,
MPEG- Moving Picture Experts Group, MP3 (MPEG-1
Audio Layer 3).WAV-Waveform audio File, AAC-
Advanced Audio Coding WMA-Windows Media Audio
I. INTRODUCTION
Radio service is an age old entertainment activity in India
having immense potential for connecting majority of people.
In recent years internet users are increasing at an exponential
rate. Most of the features along with entertainment feature like
live chat, live online radio, live TV are available with the user
at any time. The demand for live online radio also known as
Internet radio is increasing nowadays. This is intended to
provide basic idea of the software components that are
required to develop own Internet radio at an institution level.
The technology behind the Internet Radio is streaming which
is used to distribute audio formats like MP3, WMA, Ogg,
WAV and more. Data in the form of audio is continuously
transmitted over the local area network in UDP packets, those
packets are reassembled at the receiving android application.
The streamed audio is played after 1.5 seconds of delay on
Internet speed of 2 mbps.
Fig.1. Block diagram of Internet Radio[5]
II. BACKGROUND
In India there is a population of 1.2 Billion+ which
includes 650 Million Males and 580 Million Females
among this population there are over 900 Million mobile
phone connections with 200 million internet users and
130 million smartphones [4]. Indian online population
grows steadily and currently 73.8 million users surfs the
web via home or work computer. India is fourth largest
country of internet users after CHINA, US and JAPAN.
Almost half the internet users are of below 25 years of
age which is around 48% of the population, the year on
year increase in media, entertainment and music app is
around 78% [4]. Internet radio application serves the
purpose of streaming live radio to the user through
internet.
2. 2
Fig.2. Statistics of Internet users
The table ‘History of Internet Radio Stations in India’
shows four early established Internet Radio stations in
India .they include Radio Dum Dum which was first
developed in 2005 [2]. Later came other radio stations
such as Radio Maska , Deccan and MyOpus radio
Fig.3. History of Internet Radio Stations in
India[6][7][8][9][10]
A. Radio Dum Dum
Radio Dum Dum was the Indian initial internet radio
started as a song playing station to cater the NRI
community from Kerala. As the response was enormous,
Radio Dum Dum started streaming for other Operating
systems other than window like in Mac and Linux OS.
Radio Dum Dum is world's first Malayalam Internet
radio from Kerala [2]. All kind of Malayalam music and
related programs are the main contents. Radio Dum
Dum is the only Malayalam radio available through
Spodtronics GPRS Spodradio. So we can hear Radio
Dum Dum anywhere in the world even if we are on the
move.
B. Radio Maska
Radio Maska initially used to play only songs without
any presenter, it started live shows with around 15
presenters or rather called Jockey. During March 2009
[2], the station had made some changes in looks of their
website and had an add-on feature in which listeners can
request and dedicated any song. Radio Maska has
customized Screamer Radio to be Radio Maska Desktop
Player which can downloaded from the website and
install in PC for smooth streaming. The stream can be
played in tuneIn radio which is available for Blackberry
windows IPhone, android Phones. The stream can also
be played in Windows media player, ITunes, Winamp
and in Real player.
C. Deccan Radio
Deccan Radio began operation on 6 July 2008 [2]. Using
SHOUTcast technology, Deccan Radio has been
broadcasting interactive programs and has gained
appreciation of its listeners very quickly.
D. MyOpusRadio
MyOpusRadio has the unique feature of providing
customized music players and radio channels for music
and event related websites. Confluence Radio, made for
the Ladakh Confluence 2009 and 2010, Pubrock Radio,
for the Pubrock Fest 2009, Metro Monkey Radio,
Headbangers India Radio are some of the players that
MyOpusRadio has provided. Live webcast is another
feature provided by MyOpusRadio Events like
KroaKING, Nasty Peach live, and the Zero Reunion
Tour have been streamed live from their venues. It is
also available for streaming on mobile phones as well.
3. 3
III. SERVER
Icecast is a streaming media project released as free
software maintained by Xiph.org Foundation[1]. It also
refers specifically to the server program. Icecast was
created by Jack Moffatt and Barath Raghavan to provide
open source audio streaming server that anyone can
modify and use. This server developed through C
language. This Icecast support for Linux and Windows
platform. Current version of Icecast is much improved
than the previous one. It has start and stop button where
start button enables the server to stream the content and
stop to disable the streaming. Server status bar indicates
the current process of server.
Fig.3 Statistical data of Icecast server
Fig.4. Comparison of Servers
IV. SOURCE
In our Internet radio we implemented source by using
SAM broadcaster. SAM is short for Streaming Audio
Manager and was developed specifically with the needs
of Internet broadcasting in mind. It combines many
years of research with cutting-edge technology to
provide the user the power, features, and reliability for
professional broadcasting. SAM takes control of all
aspects of your broadcast and makes the user sound
professional while saving the user’s time and money.
SAM Broadcaster has streaming configuration settings
in which we can set IP address, port address, password
and mount point. There also some additional details we
can configure such as Station name, Station description,
Genre. There is server type selection block where we can
connect to desired server. Here we connect Icecast server
because it is best compatible with SAM Broadcaster, in
Icecast we choose version 2 for streaming the media content
over the internet.
Fig.4. Server details
Fig.5. SAM Broadcaster
4. 4
There are two decks in SAM broadcaster which is
necessary for continuous playing the content on server
machine. It has other features like MIC input where
actually Radio Jockey can sit and talk, which is going to
be simplex communication between server and client
connection. There is another window called playlist
where we can make directory of music files or recorded
audio so that continuous content can be streamed
through server to the end android application.
The encoder in SAM Broadcaster as capable of provide
various bit rates like 32kbps, 48kbps, 64kbps and
128kbps. We can stream as mono channel and stereo
channel, we have to set up encoder of SAM Broadcaster
for the ipv4 address of the server machine for the
streaming to begin. The fig5 ‘SAM broadcaster’ shows
that the data is streaming on internet in the encoders
section. The figure 6 ‘Encoder of SAM Broadcaster’
shows encoder of SAM Broadcaster. In our web radio
we selected 128kbps sampling rate for auto and stereo
mode.
Fig: 6. Encoder of SAM Broadcaster
V. CLIENT
Client is end module of Internet Radio architecture. It may be
an in-built web media player, desktop application or else
mobile application. In our case we are using mobile
application as our receiving client. It has login activity where
users have to authenticate themselves before using Internet
Radio service. We choose Parse for login and authentication
of the user, another page of the mobile application is a list of
radio station which are online available presently all India and
outside and along with this lists we have included one more
radio station from our own server. Each radio station will have
rating bar where listeners will rate a particular station.
Fig.7. Login Page and Home page
There is a dynamic graph which shows number of users
connected to particular station, a separate data store value is
defined for this type of activity.
Fig.8. List of radio Stations and Description
VI. DATABASE
The backend database to store the user’s information like
username, password and email address is done by using Parse
cloud storage database. It also stores the rating information
giving by the user to a particular station, it has 3 sections to
store the rating information of each of the three radio stations.
Another section called ‘users’ is used to store user’s username
password and email address. This database is secured as it
asks for admin password and username before it can be
accessed as only the admin can modify any row or column in
the database. The only limit of this database is that it can store
up to 100 users. The figure 10 ‘Parse Database’ shows the
entire structure of this database.
5. 5
Fig.9. Parse Database
VII. GRAPH
The graph shown in figure 11 is the output that can be seen in
the parse database of all the radio station, this figure shows the
number of users along with the duration for which they were
listening to Country radio. On right side there are sections for
Hindi and Rap radio which stores the similar information
stored in country radio section like users listing duration for
the radio station
Fig.10. Graph
VIII. RATING
The figure 11 ‘Rating for country music’ shows five
stars which are used to rate that particular radio station
which in this case is ‘Country Music’ .When the user
clicks on those rating stars the floating point number
gets stored in the backend database inside a particular
section as shown in figure 10 ‘Parse Database’, which in
this case is ‘CountryRating’ that stores the rating
information of ‘Country Music’ radio stations. The
‘CountryRating’ section also stores the unique id of the
user who has rated the radio station. In this way the
ratings given by the user gets stored along with its ID for
future reference. The use of this additional feature is that
the students can judge a live programme. It will serve as
a sponsorship programme for outside world and our own
college. It will be a kind of T.R.P rating system. By the
help of this feature viewership of project can be easily
known.
Fig.11.Description of radio station
IX. RESULT
The output from Icecast can be heard in mozialla firefox as a
continuos audio stream and a delay of 1.5 seconds is observed
after actually playing the song in Sam Broadcaster. To listen
streaming audio from icecast server, the URL should be IP
address of PC that is running icecast server and the port
address of server, which becomes ‘localhost:port/live’ where
mount is mount address of server. The output that can be
heard on the end mobile takes a delay of 2 seconds on the
internet speed of 2 mbps.
Fig.12. Result
X. CALCULATION
By using Icecast server the streaming of 128 kbps done
within a same LAN of a speed of 2 mbps consumes 0.05
GB of bandwidth when one user is connected for 1 hour.
On a larger scale for same content streamed at same
internet speed for 24 hours with 500 users connected at a
time the bandwidth consumed becomes 660 GB [3].
6. 6
Formula:-
Let, Concurrent listeners connected be L1
Bit rate be B1
Frequency be F1
Period for listening the streaming be P1
Bandwidth required be x
Live Streaming Media Bandwidth Requirement,
x= L1*B1*P1*H1 ... (1)
Where, unit for bit rate is in bps (bytes per second)
and unit for period is in seconds
XI. IMPLEMENTATION IN COLLEGE
In Vidyalankar Institute of Technology the LAN speed
of 100 mbps near a node is supported which increases
with the distance. The access point is of 128 mbps
802.11n. The server configurations are as following:-
IBM system 3650m4
32 GB RAM-1600 MHz
300*2 GB HDD-10k
Xeon 16 core processor
2.6 GHz/1866 MHz
Storage 3 TB
A virtual machine of-
4 GB RAM, Quad-core-1 processor, 2GB space
will be allocated to this streaming programme. The test
run will be divided into levels in which concurrent users
will be increased on each level the corresponding
practical value of bandwidth required will be calculated
and accordingly system requirements would be updated
to support higher bandwidth.
Fig 13 calculated theoretical value of bandwidth
required
XII. CONCLUSION
The paper shows that streaming is the best way of real
communication with the majority of people. In India
there are few colleges which have started FM radios but
Internet radio at campus level is yet to come. This paper
provides information about the basic ingredients needed
to implement it on campus level along with calculation
of bandwidth required to actually implement it. If it gets
implemented at campus level many things will get easier
such as, notices can be announced in real-time rather
than putting content on college web site. In future we
can add feature of video streaming so that students will
see the missed out content in the college. With the
advertisements it can be made commercial so that the
money raised will be used for further development of
Internet radio station.
References
[1] Ice cast server documentation
http://icecast.org/docs/icecast-2.3.0/introduction.html
[2] Deccan Radio a model Community Radio Station
(Deccan Radio a model Community Radio Station)
www.siasat.com/english/news/deccan-radio-model-
community-radiostation
[3] Calculation of Bandwidth
www.internet-
radio.com/servers/tools/bandwidth
[4] Mobile And Internet In India 2014: 349 Million
Unique Mobile Phone Users [INFOGRAPHIC](Daze
info)
https://www.dazeinfo.com/2014/07/11/mobile-internet-
india-2014-349-million- unique-mobile-phone-users-70-
traffic-mobile-india-shining-infographic
[5] (Darwin) Streaming Server Administrator Guide
https://manuals.info.apple.com/MANUALS/0/MA579/e
n_US/QuickTimeStreamingSrvrAdminGuide.pdf
[6] Radio Dum Dum
http://radio-dum-dum.software.informer.com/
[7] India on Internet
http://www.timescrest.com/culture/indie-on-the-internet-
5859
7. 7
[8] Radio Maska terms
http://www.radiomaska.fm/maskatermandcondition.aspx
[9] Deccan Radio 24/7
http://www.deccanradio.com/community/ucp.php?mode
=privacy
[10] Rise of internet radio
http://www.mxmindia.com/2012/04/rise-of-internet-
radio-what-do-traditional-fm-players-think/