This document discusses social exclusion through lack of internet awareness, adoption and use in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. It finds that awareness, adoption and frequent use of the internet follows a process, with barriers increasing at each stage. Age, education level, economic wellbeing and living in urban areas determine progress through these stages. Survey results show that half or more of people in each country have not heard of the internet, and most of those aware do not use it regularly. Lack of internet access reinforces social exclusion, particularly for the less privileged. Further research is needed to understand barriers and potential interventions to increase internet inclusion.
Issues of Most/Least Concern to the PublicnfpSynergy
A survey by the Charity Awareness Monitor found that the public is most concerned about issues related to child sexual exploitation and reducing offending behavior in young children. War and conflict and rape as a weapon of war were also among the top concerns. The issues the public was least concerned about included the impact of binge drinking on one's health, lack of protection for renters, and responsible drinking by others.
The document summarizes key trends in digital technology and its impact on civic engagement:
1) There has been a digital revolution with high rates of internet and broadband access at home, and most adults and teens are now networked creators online.
2) Mobile phones and smartphones are nearly ubiquitous, and many use location services and mobile devices for political purposes.
3) Over half of all adults now use social networking, and over a fifth have used social media for political purposes.
4) This new digital landscape has created new opportunities for civic groups and activists to directly reach audiences, but also risks of "echo chamber politics" where people only engage with those who agree with them.
Este documento describe los valores fundamentales de la profesión de enfermería como la ética, responsabilidad, solidaridad y respeto. El objetivo es identificar y reconocer estos valores que permiten mantener excelentes principios para el cuidado del paciente. La ética implica actuar de acuerdo con normas que guían el cuidado humano, la responsabilidad requiere cumplir con las obligaciones del equipo de salud, la solidaridad promueve apoyar a quienes lo necesitan y el respeto acepta la diversidad y dignidad humana.
Las derivaciones electrocardiográficas son disposiciones específicas de electrodos que permiten medir las diferencias de potencial eléctrico en el corazón. Existen 12 derivaciones estándar que incluyen derivaciones del plano frontal (3 bipolares y 3 monopolares) y derivaciones del plano horizontal o precordiales (6 unipolares). Las derivaciones miden la actividad eléctrica del corazón para diagnosticar cualquier anomalía.
En esta sesión, los estudiantes leerán y analizarán acrósticos sobre oficios de la localidad. Primero, observarán ejemplos de acrósticos en el libro y discutirán su estructura. Luego, leerán en silencio acrósticos modelo y crearán los propios. Después responderán preguntas sobre los acrósticos leídos y completarán uno incompleto. El objetivo es que desarrollen su comprensión y creatividad a través de la lectura de textos poéticos.
Issues of Most/Least Concern to the PublicnfpSynergy
A survey by the Charity Awareness Monitor found that the public is most concerned about issues related to child sexual exploitation and reducing offending behavior in young children. War and conflict and rape as a weapon of war were also among the top concerns. The issues the public was least concerned about included the impact of binge drinking on one's health, lack of protection for renters, and responsible drinking by others.
The document summarizes key trends in digital technology and its impact on civic engagement:
1) There has been a digital revolution with high rates of internet and broadband access at home, and most adults and teens are now networked creators online.
2) Mobile phones and smartphones are nearly ubiquitous, and many use location services and mobile devices for political purposes.
3) Over half of all adults now use social networking, and over a fifth have used social media for political purposes.
4) This new digital landscape has created new opportunities for civic groups and activists to directly reach audiences, but also risks of "echo chamber politics" where people only engage with those who agree with them.
Este documento describe los valores fundamentales de la profesión de enfermería como la ética, responsabilidad, solidaridad y respeto. El objetivo es identificar y reconocer estos valores que permiten mantener excelentes principios para el cuidado del paciente. La ética implica actuar de acuerdo con normas que guían el cuidado humano, la responsabilidad requiere cumplir con las obligaciones del equipo de salud, la solidaridad promueve apoyar a quienes lo necesitan y el respeto acepta la diversidad y dignidad humana.
Las derivaciones electrocardiográficas son disposiciones específicas de electrodos que permiten medir las diferencias de potencial eléctrico en el corazón. Existen 12 derivaciones estándar que incluyen derivaciones del plano frontal (3 bipolares y 3 monopolares) y derivaciones del plano horizontal o precordiales (6 unipolares). Las derivaciones miden la actividad eléctrica del corazón para diagnosticar cualquier anomalía.
En esta sesión, los estudiantes leerán y analizarán acrósticos sobre oficios de la localidad. Primero, observarán ejemplos de acrósticos en el libro y discutirán su estructura. Luego, leerán en silencio acrósticos modelo y crearán los propios. Después responderán preguntas sobre los acrósticos leídos y completarán uno incompleto. El objetivo es que desarrollen su comprensión y creatividad a través de la lectura de textos poéticos.
Opinió 8. Com valoraríeu la instal·lació del Parc de Salut i la Xarxa d'itine...Dipsalut
Com valoraríeu la instal·lació del Parc de Salut i la Xarxa d'itineraris al vostre municipi? Considereu les dinamitzacions d'aquests espais una bona idea?
Teresa Clotilde Ojeda Sánchez: Mediante Resolución de Secretaría General N°.005-2017-MINEDU, publicada en el Diario Oficial El Peruano el 14 de enero de 2017, se amplía el plazo hasta el 23 de enero de 2017 para la aprobación del Cuadro de horas en Educación Básica Regular (EBR) y ciclo Avanzado de Educación Básica Alternativa; modificándose el numeral 5.8.1 de la Norma Técnica denominada “Normas para la elaboración y aprobación del cuadro de distribución de horas pedagógicas en las instituciones educativas públicas del nivel de educación secundaria de la Educación Básica Regular y del ciclo avanzado de la Educación Básica Alternativa para el periodo lectivo 2017”, aprobada por Resolución de Secretaría General Nº 539-2016-MINEDU
Design for Manufacturability Guidelines Every Designer should FollowDFMPro
The document discusses design for manufacturability guidelines for sheet metal parts. It outlines several key DFM parameters like minimum bend radius, hole placement, cutout distances, notches and reliefs. Ignoring these guidelines can cause issues like cracks, deformation and breakage. Traditional DFM methods are manual and problematic. Automating DFM checks in a software tool called DFMPro allows early validation of designs and avoidance of costly rework. A case study of a hi-tech manufacturer found annual part cost savings of over 2 million euros through use of DFMPro's automated DFM analysis and guidelines.
Los objetivos principales de una base de datos son: 1) Ser versátil para representar la información de diferentes maneras, 2) Tener un alto rendimiento para atender rápidamente las solicitudes de datos, y 3) Mantener la integridad de los datos al asegurarse de que se almacenen y recuperen correctamente.
Este documento describe los huesos y articulaciones de la extremidad superior. El hueso clavícula es un hueso plano triangular que conecta el hombro con el esternón. Posee dos caras, anterior y posterior, y dos extremos, esternal y acromial. La articulación glenohumeral es una articulación sinovial esferoidal que une el húmero con la cavidad glenoidea de la escápula. También se describen las articulaciones esternoclavicular y acromioclavicular, las cuales unen la clavícula con
Este libro sirve de ayuda para que los niños mejoren su velocidad de procesamiento mediante la lectura de dibujos, la realización de gestos o respondiendo a preguntas sencillas, entre otras actividades.
This document discusses digital media trends across Asia and the challenges of marketing across different Asian markets. It notes the rise of social media and democratized media in Asia. It provides data on internet and technology adoption in countries like Sweden, South Korea, China, Japan, and others. It discusses the importance of understanding different social networks, online behaviors, and barriers in different Asian countries. The key is connecting with others across potential cultural and national barriers through weak online ties.
33 Essential Social Recruiting Stats - 2011Steven Duque
Jobvite compiled a great collection of stats relevant to recruiters who are leveraging new media to find, engage and recruit talent.
http://www.bullhornreach.com
The document outlines the key components of the Digital Education Revolution initiative in New South Wales, Australia. It includes details about the 1:1 laptop program that provides laptops to students in Years 9 to 12, teachers, and support staff. It also discusses the statewide policies, infrastructure, professional learning, and evaluation of the program. The goal of the initiative is to transform teaching and learning through innovative uses of technology in schools.
- Money maker pumps have increased crop production, incomes, and food security in East Africa. However, women face more constraints than men in accessing and owning the pumps.
- Qualitative research found that while decisions are made jointly, men have final say and prefer higher value cash crops. Women prefer crops that can be harvested longer and sold locally.
- Quantitative data showed slightly lower disease rates for children where pumps were used, but Tanzania had higher rates than Kenya overall. Pump owners had higher incomes than the general population but less than national averages.
- Adjustments were made to programs to increase women's access, like installment plans. However, more work is needed to overcome gender barriers to pump ownership.
Intergenerational learning and ict peter birch berlin online educa cleanPeter Birch
The document discusses opportunities for intergenerational learning through European Union programs and policies. It provides context on demographic trends in Europe and policies promoting lifelong learning. It then describes the Lifelong Learning Programme and its sub-programs like Grundtvig for adult education and KA3-ICT for innovative technology projects. Specific calls for proposals are highlighted, including priorities around key competencies, innovative pedagogy, and reducing the digital divide. Contact information and resources are provided to learn more.
The document summarizes key findings from recent Pew Internet Project reports about changing digital media behaviors and their impact. It discusses how:
1) Only 4% of Facebook users actually derive pleasure from using the site, with most feeling despair upon logging in.
2) Mobile internet access is widespread, with 89% of adults owning phones and 46% owning smartphones.
3) Social media engagement is common, with 59% of adults using sites like Facebook and 16% using Twitter.
4) These trends are changing how knowledge is accessed, shared and influenced as information becomes more pervasive, participatory and networked through various online platforms.
Dr. Michael Netzley presented on digital media across Asia. He discussed how social media has democratized media by putting content creation and distribution in the hands of many. Rapid communication allows messages to spread widely through social networks. Social media also provides better and faster access to information. However, effective strategies require balanced risk assessment, being data-driven, measuring objectives, and connecting with people rather than just broadcasting messages. Examples from South Korea on US beef imports and social media use by Singaporeans were provided to illustrate these points.
This document discusses the digital divide across the globe and its implications. It provides statistics on internet usage rates in different countries, with China having the highest overall usage but the US and UK having higher usage rates per 100 people. It also examines internet access and usage rates in the US by age and location, noting lower rates in rural areas. The document then discusses two levels of the digital divide: access to technology and the skills/competencies to use it effectively. It summarizes a study of NC middle school students' technology use and priorities, finding they are more engaged with out-of-school uses. Teachers face challenges integrating technology due to infrastructure and training limitations.
This document provides an overview of a workshop on teaching Millennial learners. It defines the Millennial generation and their key characteristics, such as being confident, team-oriented, and experienced-based learners. The document outlines best practices for teaching Millennials, including providing clear structure, positive feedback, collaborative assignments, and active learning activities. An action plan framework is suggested to help instructors align their teaching methods with Millennial learner needs and preferences.
Effects of Age and Think-Aloud Protocol on Eye-Tracking Data and Usability Me...Jennifer Romano Bergstrom
- A study compared the effects of concurrent think-aloud (CTA) and retrospective think-aloud (RTA) protocols on usability performance, eye tracking data, and verbal reports for young, middle-aged, and older adults.
- The results showed that CTA had a negative impact on middle-aged adults' task accuracy and efficiency compared to RTA, while older adults struggled more overall due to cognitive decline.
- Eye tracking data revealed that older adults had fewer fixations than young adults during CTA, while middle-aged adults had fewer fixations than young adults during whole screen tasks for CTA.
Moms today are engaged, enabled, and entertained by technology. A survey found that moms consider smartphones and laptops essential tools that help them get things done. Most moms cannot go more than a few hours without using the internet, mobile phones, or home computers. While TV remains important for family time, activities like watching YouTube are becoming more common. Technology helps moms keep kids entertained with educational games and apps.
Opinió 8. Com valoraríeu la instal·lació del Parc de Salut i la Xarxa d'itine...Dipsalut
Com valoraríeu la instal·lació del Parc de Salut i la Xarxa d'itineraris al vostre municipi? Considereu les dinamitzacions d'aquests espais una bona idea?
Teresa Clotilde Ojeda Sánchez: Mediante Resolución de Secretaría General N°.005-2017-MINEDU, publicada en el Diario Oficial El Peruano el 14 de enero de 2017, se amplía el plazo hasta el 23 de enero de 2017 para la aprobación del Cuadro de horas en Educación Básica Regular (EBR) y ciclo Avanzado de Educación Básica Alternativa; modificándose el numeral 5.8.1 de la Norma Técnica denominada “Normas para la elaboración y aprobación del cuadro de distribución de horas pedagógicas en las instituciones educativas públicas del nivel de educación secundaria de la Educación Básica Regular y del ciclo avanzado de la Educación Básica Alternativa para el periodo lectivo 2017”, aprobada por Resolución de Secretaría General Nº 539-2016-MINEDU
Design for Manufacturability Guidelines Every Designer should FollowDFMPro
The document discusses design for manufacturability guidelines for sheet metal parts. It outlines several key DFM parameters like minimum bend radius, hole placement, cutout distances, notches and reliefs. Ignoring these guidelines can cause issues like cracks, deformation and breakage. Traditional DFM methods are manual and problematic. Automating DFM checks in a software tool called DFMPro allows early validation of designs and avoidance of costly rework. A case study of a hi-tech manufacturer found annual part cost savings of over 2 million euros through use of DFMPro's automated DFM analysis and guidelines.
Los objetivos principales de una base de datos son: 1) Ser versátil para representar la información de diferentes maneras, 2) Tener un alto rendimiento para atender rápidamente las solicitudes de datos, y 3) Mantener la integridad de los datos al asegurarse de que se almacenen y recuperen correctamente.
Este documento describe los huesos y articulaciones de la extremidad superior. El hueso clavícula es un hueso plano triangular que conecta el hombro con el esternón. Posee dos caras, anterior y posterior, y dos extremos, esternal y acromial. La articulación glenohumeral es una articulación sinovial esferoidal que une el húmero con la cavidad glenoidea de la escápula. También se describen las articulaciones esternoclavicular y acromioclavicular, las cuales unen la clavícula con
Este libro sirve de ayuda para que los niños mejoren su velocidad de procesamiento mediante la lectura de dibujos, la realización de gestos o respondiendo a preguntas sencillas, entre otras actividades.
This document discusses digital media trends across Asia and the challenges of marketing across different Asian markets. It notes the rise of social media and democratized media in Asia. It provides data on internet and technology adoption in countries like Sweden, South Korea, China, Japan, and others. It discusses the importance of understanding different social networks, online behaviors, and barriers in different Asian countries. The key is connecting with others across potential cultural and national barriers through weak online ties.
33 Essential Social Recruiting Stats - 2011Steven Duque
Jobvite compiled a great collection of stats relevant to recruiters who are leveraging new media to find, engage and recruit talent.
http://www.bullhornreach.com
The document outlines the key components of the Digital Education Revolution initiative in New South Wales, Australia. It includes details about the 1:1 laptop program that provides laptops to students in Years 9 to 12, teachers, and support staff. It also discusses the statewide policies, infrastructure, professional learning, and evaluation of the program. The goal of the initiative is to transform teaching and learning through innovative uses of technology in schools.
- Money maker pumps have increased crop production, incomes, and food security in East Africa. However, women face more constraints than men in accessing and owning the pumps.
- Qualitative research found that while decisions are made jointly, men have final say and prefer higher value cash crops. Women prefer crops that can be harvested longer and sold locally.
- Quantitative data showed slightly lower disease rates for children where pumps were used, but Tanzania had higher rates than Kenya overall. Pump owners had higher incomes than the general population but less than national averages.
- Adjustments were made to programs to increase women's access, like installment plans. However, more work is needed to overcome gender barriers to pump ownership.
Intergenerational learning and ict peter birch berlin online educa cleanPeter Birch
The document discusses opportunities for intergenerational learning through European Union programs and policies. It provides context on demographic trends in Europe and policies promoting lifelong learning. It then describes the Lifelong Learning Programme and its sub-programs like Grundtvig for adult education and KA3-ICT for innovative technology projects. Specific calls for proposals are highlighted, including priorities around key competencies, innovative pedagogy, and reducing the digital divide. Contact information and resources are provided to learn more.
The document summarizes key findings from recent Pew Internet Project reports about changing digital media behaviors and their impact. It discusses how:
1) Only 4% of Facebook users actually derive pleasure from using the site, with most feeling despair upon logging in.
2) Mobile internet access is widespread, with 89% of adults owning phones and 46% owning smartphones.
3) Social media engagement is common, with 59% of adults using sites like Facebook and 16% using Twitter.
4) These trends are changing how knowledge is accessed, shared and influenced as information becomes more pervasive, participatory and networked through various online platforms.
Dr. Michael Netzley presented on digital media across Asia. He discussed how social media has democratized media by putting content creation and distribution in the hands of many. Rapid communication allows messages to spread widely through social networks. Social media also provides better and faster access to information. However, effective strategies require balanced risk assessment, being data-driven, measuring objectives, and connecting with people rather than just broadcasting messages. Examples from South Korea on US beef imports and social media use by Singaporeans were provided to illustrate these points.
This document discusses the digital divide across the globe and its implications. It provides statistics on internet usage rates in different countries, with China having the highest overall usage but the US and UK having higher usage rates per 100 people. It also examines internet access and usage rates in the US by age and location, noting lower rates in rural areas. The document then discusses two levels of the digital divide: access to technology and the skills/competencies to use it effectively. It summarizes a study of NC middle school students' technology use and priorities, finding they are more engaged with out-of-school uses. Teachers face challenges integrating technology due to infrastructure and training limitations.
This document provides an overview of a workshop on teaching Millennial learners. It defines the Millennial generation and their key characteristics, such as being confident, team-oriented, and experienced-based learners. The document outlines best practices for teaching Millennials, including providing clear structure, positive feedback, collaborative assignments, and active learning activities. An action plan framework is suggested to help instructors align their teaching methods with Millennial learner needs and preferences.
Effects of Age and Think-Aloud Protocol on Eye-Tracking Data and Usability Me...Jennifer Romano Bergstrom
- A study compared the effects of concurrent think-aloud (CTA) and retrospective think-aloud (RTA) protocols on usability performance, eye tracking data, and verbal reports for young, middle-aged, and older adults.
- The results showed that CTA had a negative impact on middle-aged adults' task accuracy and efficiency compared to RTA, while older adults struggled more overall due to cognitive decline.
- Eye tracking data revealed that older adults had fewer fixations than young adults during CTA, while middle-aged adults had fewer fixations than young adults during whole screen tasks for CTA.
Moms today are engaged, enabled, and entertained by technology. A survey found that moms consider smartphones and laptops essential tools that help them get things done. Most moms cannot go more than a few hours without using the internet, mobile phones, or home computers. While TV remains important for family time, activities like watching YouTube are becoming more common. Technology helps moms keep kids entertained with educational games and apps.
This document summarizes digital media usage across Asia based on research conducted by Michael Netzley. It begins by noting the diversity within Asia and issues with viewing it through a Western lens. It then provides statistics on internet penetration rates in various Asian countries, showing China and South Korea as leaders. National social networks, search engines, and communication tools are also described as varying by country. Survey results from Singapore are presented showing differences in online behaviors by age. Reasons for going online and issues like internet blocking are also briefly discussed.
The Webinar organized by Endeavour - The Mobility Company, held on July 28, 2010 explored the increasing use in healthcare and its future.
For more information on mHealth, visit: www.techendeavour.com
The document discusses how networked and hyperconnected technologies are changing how people, especially younger generations, live and work. It notes that teens and young adults have brains wired differently than older people due to extensive multitasking. While some argue this could negatively impact cognition, others believe it is yielding positive results by allowing people to learn more and access collective knowledge online. The document also examines how the digital, mobile and social media revolutions have impacted knowledge workers by increasing transparency, real-time information sharing, and influence of networks and new online experts.
Handout 2: Innovation Generation Broadband Policy SummitDouglas K. Hartman
This pdf file is handout 2 from Douglas K. Hartman's presentation on 'Revolutionizing Our Minds With Digital Education' at the Innovation Generation Broadband Policy Summit in Washington, DC, Wednesday, April 29, 2009.
The document summarizes a presentation on 15 global challenges and building a South Africa state of the future index to the year 2030. It discusses analyzing variables related to energy, environment, education and economics through a State of the Future Index for South Africa and forecasting scenarios. It also provides information on population growth projections, youth bulges linked to conflict, and other issues regarding public health, transportation, government services and decentralization.
Personal. Portable. Participatory. Pervasive. This document summarizes key trends in the digital landscape in 2013. It discusses the rise of broadband internet, smartphones, mobile apps, social networking, e-books, and how these technologies have led to more networked individuals, information, and civil society. While networks have gained influence, traditional institutions have lost some. The document also notes how class still plays a role in digital engagement.
Participation of Women and Children in IGF: Status and Way Forward BY: Awo Ai...Francis Amaning
This document discusses the participation of women and children in information and communications technology (ICT) in Ghana and recommendations to increase their involvement. It notes that currently few women and children participate in ICT programs and activities. It recommends empowering women and children with digital literacy skills through initiatives like coding classes, online courses, hackathons and leadership programs to encourage more participation in STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) fields. It also calls for a review of Ghana's ICT policy to better support initiatives that can bridge the gender gap and engage all groups in digital opportunities.
Socinfo - teaching social network analysisKaty Pearce
Undergraduates are interested in social media careers, so an undergraduate social network analysis (SNA) course could appeal to them. NodeXL is a good platform for such a course since it provides a conceptual framework, access to social media APIs to overcome barriers, and low costs. The course should provide an organizing framework, peer learning in teams, accessible computer labs, step-by-step assignments, and applied learning through repetition of tasks like analyzing and visualizing hashtags and online communities.
This document discusses how memes and trolling can be used as tools of political suppression. It defines memes and trolling, noting that trolling aims to provoke emotional responses for amusement. While memes can enable political participation and subversion, their anonymous and spreadable nature also makes them effective tools for suppression. The document examines how an authoritarian regime in Azerbaijan used trolling and memes to attack citizens, leaving no recourse for those targeted.
The document discusses opportunities and challenges for studying vulnerable populations using computational social science methods in authoritarian states. While computational methods provide easier access to data and lower risks than traditional fieldwork, they also create new privacy and ethical issues. Analysis could potentially put people at risk of retaliation from authoritarian regimes. The document argues that given these challenges, researchers need to carefully consider how to protect vulnerable groups when using computational methods.
This document discusses the affordances and political uses of memes. It defines memes as digital items that are shared, imitated, and transformed online. Memes afford anonymity, reproduction, and competition which enables political subversion but also repression. Dictators stage political drama, control information flow, and use blackmail to undermine opponents while boasting support. Opposition memes exist but dictators currently have more resources in the "meme war". The document concludes that while memes empower political engagement, dictator affordances allow using memes to undermine dissent when power is unequal.
(1) The study examined gender inequality in internet use in Azerbaijan by analyzing survey data on socioeconomic factors influencing internet access and activities.
(2) Results showed that gender was the most important predictor of internet frequency and social media use, with men using the internet more often than women.
(3) However, the internet may reinforce Azerbaijan's culture of restricting women's public participation and maintaining family honor, presenting risks of cyberbullying and privacy violations that disproportionately impact women. Further research is needed on how sociocultural norms shape women's internet experiences.
This document discusses the ethical challenges faced by researchers conducting digital research in authoritarian states. It identifies issues around maintaining distance from subjects, developing trust, and protecting sources both online and offline. Specific challenges addressed include accessing authoritarian states as a researcher, establishing credibility with subjects, risks around privacy and surveillance, potential risks to subjects and researchers, issues of representativeness of samples, disclosure of information by subjects, power dynamics, and blurred boundaries between personal and professional relationships online. While the digital aspect can help with some challenges like access and building rapport, it also creates new risks around digital traces and surveillance. Researchers must be cautious about inferences from non-representative samples and reflexive about relationships and power dynamics online.
This document summarizes ICT ownership and usage trends in Azerbaijan from 2004-2012. It shows that:
1) Household PC and mobile phone ownership increased substantially over time, with mobile ownership reaching over 90% by 2012.
2) Internet usage also increased, with over 30% of households owning a PC with Internet access by 2012. Daily internet usage reached 22% by that year.
3) The top barriers to internet usage in Azerbaijan were lack of awareness about the internet's existence, lack of access due to age, poverty, rural location, and low education levels.
The document summarizes the strategies used by the Azerbaijani government to control dissent online while maintaining a facade of internet freedom. It discusses how the government, opposition, and independent networks operate online. The government leaves the internet nominally open but engages in surveillance, propaganda campaigns, trolling, censorship, and arresting online critics. Opposition networks organize in collectives, with affiliations, or independently. The government strategy undermines opposition but some adapt innovatively, though the government maintains control for now through fear and punishment of dissent.
This document summarizes a study analyzing Georgian citizens' attitudes toward elections based on 2010-2011 survey data. It finds that while post-Soviet citizens often view elections as corrupt and ineffective, Georgians may be less apathetic due to the country's recent history. The data shows most Georgians would vote and believe recent elections were at least somewhat fair, though many still perceive election administration as politically biased. The author concludes that with more election experience, Georgian democratic attitudes may continue to shift in a positive direction.
The document is a table showing the percentage of individuals using mobile phones in various countries from 2000 to 2021. It shows that:
- Armenia has seen mobile phone usage increase from 1% in 2000 to 125% in 2021.
- Azerbaijan has increased from 5% in 2000 to 109% in 2021.
- Georgia has risen from 4% in 2000 to 102% in 2021.
The document summarizes trends in household technology ownership and internet usage in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia from 2004 to 2011 based on data from country-specific consumer behavior surveys. It shows that over this period:
1) Household PC ownership increased substantially in all three countries, reaching around 40% by 2011.
2) Mobile phone ownership reached over 80% by 2011 across the region.
3) Household internet access also grew significantly, nearly doubling between 2009 and 2011 to around 30-35% of households.
The document summarizes internet usage trends in Azerbaijan from 2004-2011 based on data from the Caucasus Barometer surveys. Some key findings are:
- Household PC and mobile phone ownership increased substantially over time, with mobile ownership reaching over 90% by 2011.
- However, internet usage rates lagged behind, with only about a quarter of Azerbaijanis using the internet by 2011. Daily internet use was still only around 7%.
- Major barriers to internet adoption and use included lack of awareness, age, education, poverty, rural residence, and lack of English skills. Rural areas, poorer populations, and those with less education were least likely to use the internet frequently.
This document analyzes differences between mobile-only and PC-only internet users in Armenia based on a 2011 survey. It finds that mobile-only users tend to be younger, from more rural areas, and have lower incomes and education levels than PC users. PC users engage in more activities like search, messaging, downloading music, news and work. Both demographics and devices influence the types of activities people engage in. While mobile access is widespread, a digital divide still exists due to differences in online activities between user groups. Understanding these divides can help address gaps in digital skills and internet usage.
This document discusses how demographics and devices impact internet access and activities in Armenia. It finds that:
1. Those who only access the internet via mobile are generally older, less educated, and live in more rural areas compared to those who use computers.
2. Different internet activities are popular based on the device used, with social networking and videos more common on mobile, while search, games, and downloading music are more used on computers.
3. Both demographics and devices influence the "activity gap" - what people do online. Younger, more educated, urban users tend to do more activities on computers, while age, education level, and devices constrain mobile-only users. This shows that access
This document contains statistics about ICT (information and communications technology) adoption in Armenia from 2002 to 2011. It shows that the percentage of Armenian internet users increased from 19% in 2009 to 37% in 2011. Mobile phone adoption increased dramatically over this period as well, reaching 125% in 2011. Home computer ownership rose from 3% in 2002 to 39.5% in 2011, while home internet adoption increased from 4% to 35% over the same period. The top reasons cited for not going online included lack of a computer, lack of interest, and not needing to use the internet.
Georgian Women 2011: Early analysis from the 2011 Caucasus Barometer by Katy Pearce is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
Based on a work at www.katypearce.net.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://www.katypearce.net/cv/georgia.
This document compares Facebook and Odnoklassniki social network users in Armenia. It finds that the average age of Facebook users is slightly lower at 29.92 compared to 30.2 for Odnoklassniki. Most users of both networks live in Yerevan, but Odnoklassniki has more rural users. Facebook users on average have some university education while Odnoklassniki users have a high school education. Facebook users spend more time online per day and are more likely to access the internet via PC compared to Odnoklassniki users.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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1. Social Exclusion through Internet Awareness,
Adoption, and Use: The Cases of Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan
Dr. Katy Pearce,
University of Washington
@katypearce
Dr. Ron Rice
1
University of California, Santa Barbara
3. Theoretical Orientation
• Social exclusion
– Individuals/communities systematically blocked from
rights, opportunities, and resources that are normally
available and key to social integration (Sen, 2000).
• Digital divide/inequality
– Divide between people in information and
communication technology awareness, adoption,
ownership, use, and skill, usually based on socio-
demographic and socio-economic factors.
3
4. Digital Divide
• Awareness -> Adoption -> Use
• Process or stage-based digital divide
– Each stage requires successfully achieving the previous.
– The barriers become greater at each stage.
– Determinants or “barriers” in this study: age, economic
wellbeing, educational attainment, urbanness.
4
5. Methods
• Spring 2011 face-to-face nationally representative
survey in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan
• N = 1800 in each country
5
6. Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan
Aware of Internet 80% 55% 44%
Of total, Adopted
Internet 50% 20% 24%
Of total, Use Internet
Never 66% 89% 90%
Less than monthly 2% 2% 2%
Monthly 3% 3% 3%
Weekly 10% n/a n/a
6
Daily 19% 7% 5%
7. Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan
80%
55%
50%
44%
29%
24%
20%
7%
5%
Aware Adopt Frequent use 7
8. Analysis
• Structural equation model
• Fit test adequate
Variance explained
Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan
Awareness 13% 16% 16%
Adoption 33% 35% 25%
Use 49% 40% 20%
8
9. • Age
Aware • Education
• Urbanness
• Age
Adopt • Education
• Economic wellbeing
• Urbanness
• Urbanness
Use • Education
• Age
• Economic wellbeing 9
10. Discussion
• What is occurring when half of a country doesn’t
know that the Internet exists in 2011?
• In Central Asia, despite programs to increase
technology use, few are aware of, adopt, or use the
Internet, with only the most privileged doing so.
• Social exclusion is reaffirmed and amplified with
lack of access to the Internet.
10
11. Next Steps
• What are the perceived barriers?
• What, if any, intervention could increase Internet
awareness, adoption, and use?
• Does it matter?
– Yes, exclusion from informational and communication
technologies has inequality implications individually and
globally.
11
16. Results
• Biggest contributors to lack of awareness that the
Internet exists as well as having adopted it are
region, age, and education.
• The drop off between awareness and adoption is
also one of age, being urban, having greater
education and in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan,
wealth.
• Frequent users of the Internet in all three countries
are younger, urban, more educated, and in
Tajikistan wealthier. 16
Editor's Notes
A social exclusion and digital divide framework is applied to understanding the influences on and relations among awareness, adoption, and (frequent) use of the Internet in three former Soviet republics facing different challenges, mostly related to poor economic conditions. Survey data from nationally representative samples in each country fit a model predicting that age, economic condition, education and urban/rural region all generally influence each of the three Internet stages, with a few factors disappearing as significant in subsequent stages. Thus, in countries with poor economic conditions, Internet digital divides may occur at several stages, all susceptible to sociodemographic factors, and cumulatively affect frequent use as well as potential benefits from such use. Some argue that the digital divide is over. But this is just not the case.In Central Asia, despite a relatively high level of literacy and educational attainment as well as decades of policies, programs, and aid projects designed to increase technology use, Internet use is still low.This region is especially important to study because some of the countries are moving close to 'failed state' status and without a doubt, face great poverty.
Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are nations facing many challenges, especially related to poverty. While these challenges are not new, as Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan were the poorest republics in the Soviet Union (Heyat, 2004), the safety net that existed in the Soviet period is now gone. Kyrgyzstan, the world’s 31st most failed state (out of 177), and the most unstable state in the Former Soviet Union (Fund for Peace, 2011), has experienced great upheavals in recent years, including a 2010 presidential overthrow and interethnic strife, resulting in hundreds of deaths. However, 2010 was tame compared to 2005 during which the 2010 president's predecessor was overthrown (Marat, 2011). Furthermore, many Kyrgyzstanis (40%) live in poverty, exacerbating the political challenges that the country faces. Tajikistan, a state “on the road to failure” (International Crisis Group, 2009), 39th most failed state (Fund for Peace, 2011), and one of “the world’s least developed states” (International Crisis Group, 2009), experiences widespread and persistent poverty because of low productivity Digital Divide in Central Asia, p-4 and demand for labor (Babajanian, 2006). Furthermore, poor governance and structural inequalities restrain access to economic resources (especially land ownership) and opportunities, important public and health services and social and political participation for poorer Tajikistanis (Babajanian, 2006). Most Tajikistanis live hand-to-mouth (Central Intelligence Agency, 2011b; Fouroughi, 2011; International Crisis Group, 2009). Kazakhstan, on the other hand, with a great deal of oil wealth, is in much better economic condition than its neighbors are. Kazakhstan has considerable economic resources due to its significant oil fields. Nonetheless, oil wealth has allowed Kazakhstan's president to build a strong and unchecked presidency. While officially Kazakhstan talks about reform and democratization, in practice there is little commitment to these goals (Dave, 2011).
Social exclusion is a concept used in international development to describe social disadvantage, specifically of processes in which individuals and entire communities of people are systematically blocked from rights, opportunities and resources that are normally available to members of society and which are key to social integration (Sen, 2000). This is a more complex concept than poverty, as social exclusion looks at unequal access of individuals and groups to participating fully in economic, social, and political life (Duffy, 1998; Gordon et al., 2000; Kenyon, Lyonsa, & Rafferty, 2002). The relationship between social exclusion and lack of access to information and communication technologies creates a cycle of exclusion: social exclusion leads to greater digital exclusion, which then perpetuates and exacerbates the social exclusion (e.g., Chen, Boase, & Wellman, 2002; Holloway, 2005; Servon, 2002). Furthermore, some argue that access to technology can – and is necessary to – reduce social exclusion (Warschauer, 2004, p. 30). The digital divide originally described the socioeconomic gap between computer users and non-users in the U.S. The conceptual definition of digital divide varies greatly depending on how differences in access, adoption and use are defined and measured (DiMaggio, Hargittai, Celeste, & Shafer, 2004; Dolnicar, 2011; Gunkel, 2003; Hilbert, 2011; Sassi, 2005; Selwyn, 2004), but has been expanded to encompass any divide between people (organizations, social groups, or geopolitical entities) in their communication technology awareness, adoption/ownership, use, and skill, typically based on socio-demographic factors.
Talk about each of these….
In all three countries, age (H1), education (H3), and region (H4) predicted awareness. Economic consumption ability (H2) weakly predicted awareness in Kazakhstan, did not predict awareness in Tajikistan, and was negatively significantly related to awareness in Kyrgyzstan. In all three countries, age (H5) and education (H7) predicted adoption. In Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, economic consumption ability (H6) also predicted adoption, but in Tajikistan Digital Divide in Central Asia, p-14 there was no relationship between the two variables. Region (H8) predicted adoption in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan as well, but not significantly in Tajikistan. In all three countries, awareness strongly positively predicted adoption (H9). Age (H10), education (H12), and region (H13) all predicted use. But only in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan did economic consumption ability (H11) predict use. Further, adoption strongly predicted use (H14).