1. Manthan Topic : Boosting Skillsets :
Increasing the
employability of youth
Abhishek Das
Karishma Sahoo
Subhro Shankha Mukherjee
Rahul Roy
Monisha Debnath
Team Details :
College Name : Institute of Business Management,
National Council of Education Bengal, Jadavpur University
1
Bharat – In Search
Of Excellence

2. Current Demography of India
72.2% of the population lives in some 638,000 villages
27.8% in about 5,480 towns and urban agglomerations
The literacy rate of India as per 2011 Population Census is
74.04%, with male literacy rate at 82.14% and female at
65.46%
According to a NASSCOM report, each year over 3 million
graduates and post-graduates are added to the Indian
workforce.
Only 25% of technical graduates and 10-15% of regular
graduates are considered employable by the industry.
Nearly 85% of graduates are not employable, while 75% of
engineering graduates are not employable.
As per the NSS 66th round survey :
As on January 2012 , the workforce at the all-India level, was about
472.9 millions (rural men - 234.6, rural women - 101.8 million; urban
men -- 109.2 million and urban women - 27.3 million).
More than half the population (52%) is self-employed, while 18%
work as regular wage/salaried employees and 30% as casual
laborers. More people are self-employed (56%) and work as casual
laborers (35%) in rural India. In Urban India, it is the waged/salaried
(43%) who constitute a majority. They are followed by the self-
employed (42%) and casual laborers (15%).
Nearly half the population (49%) is engaged in agriculture, while
24% are working in secondary sector and 27% in tertiary sector.
Male
(655,875,026)
Female
(614,397,079)
Total Population
(1,270,272,105)
0-14 years
(29.3%)
Male
(187,386,162)
Female
(165,345,284)
15-24 years
(18.2%)
Male
(116,019,042)
Female
(103,660,359)
25-54 years
(40.2%)
Male
(249,017,538)
Female
(235,042,251)
55-64 years
(6.8%)
Male
(41,035,270)
Female
(40,449,880)
65 years and over
(5.6%)
Male
(31,892,823)
Female
(35,225,003)
2

3. Unemployment
From the view point of the topic, we are assuming those people as “unemployed” who
posses a minimal qualification of higher secondary education, with a legal age of
employment, willing to get into a paying job which is governed by a valid contract. Thus
unemployment is defined here as an idle state of those people.
Sectors of
Employment
Manufacturing
Sector
Steel Industry
Cement
Industry
Automobile ,
Etc.
Service Sector
Telecom Sector IT - ITES Education, Etc.
* Industries mentioned above are not exhaustive.
3

4. Competence
Issues
• Lack of basic skill development like communication skills, smartness etc., at the school level
• Extremely poor writing skills
• Knowledge outside given academic curriculum extremely poor. Academic knowledge also lacks proper depth of conceptual
understanding
• Lack of proper basic technical knowledge at school and college level
• Theoretical teaching styles in schools and colleges without proper guidance as to why the subject is being taught and what
are its implementation
Temperament
Issues
• People lack enthusiasm of a low pay job
• A major part of the youth spend a lot of time in preparing and hunting for government jobs
• General aversion to competition due to lack of confidence
• Lack of clarity of what job one wants to do and why
• Strong affinity towards doing a desk job prevalent in certain regions of the country
Other
issues
• Students not attending classes in colleges – resulting is lack of knowledge and confidence
• Lack of proper career counselling among youth
• Rural orthodox mentality
• Relocation issues
Causes of Unemployment
4

5. Remedies For Skillset Upliftment
Remedies
COMMUNICATION
SKILL
ENHANCEMENT
TRAINING
AWARENESS
OF JOB
AVAILIBILITY
SKILL NEED
IDENTIFICATION Education
Training
YOUTH
SKILLSET
Counseling
5
1. Vocational training to enhance communication skills among youth. 2. Developing skill upgrading programs with affordable course fee.
3. Regular counseling for preparing the masses regarding current
market conditions.
4.The government should initiate awareness regarding the type of skill
requirements in today’s society.
REMEDIES

6. SKILL NEED IDENTIFICATION
Computer
Basics
English
Communication
ComputerBasics
In today’s working
conditions and
technological
advancements, the
knowledge of basic as
well as a specific
specialization of
different computer
application is
becoming a necessity.
EnglishCommunication
As the whole working
parameters are set in
English language,
therefore an
individual must
possess the primary
knowledge of English
to at least read and
write and understand
in English.
Skill s are a requirement for
finishing a job, but one must
learn those skills which would
actually help in completing
his/her task.
Skills should also be learnt
according to the choice of an
individual . So that, when they
are working , they get their job
satisfaction.
Learning unnecessary skills is a waste of time and money. Each should learn what
they wish to do in their future i.e. learning computers or receiving vocational training
or technical training for their own future benefits. Without proper guidance, our
youth can misjudge in choosing their career resulting in waste of time, money and
human efforts. 6

7. TRAINING
• India has been a land of entrepreneurship with largest number of self employed. About 52% of
Indians are self-employed, about 55% in rural communities and 41% in urban areas. The main
reason behind it is illiteracy and unskilled work-force.
• Training is one of the primary means of building up competence and effectiveness of people in
general all over the world. Youths in developing countries like India face difficulties due to
rapidly changing and turbulent environment. Training prepares to deal with the complexities of
real life – the pressures, the limited resources, the choices and uncertainties, the conflicting
motives etc.
TRAINING
Modification of Behavior,
Attitudes and Beliefs
Modification of Knowledge
and skill as per skill need
Application of Knowledge in
Real-Life Situation
 Bookish-knowledge and award of degrees through
formal education without effective training-systems
would not make people skilled and employable .
 Need of Modification of behavior, attitudes and
beliefs is necessary so as make the youth
employable at harsh and tough environment.
 Proper training as per skill need analysis must be
given to them along with vocational and basic
technical skills.
 They must be taught how to apply the knowledge
they posses in the practical real-life situations.
7

8. 2. A National Vocational Policy should be formulated. The policy
should establish equivalence for degrees, diplomas and
certifications in the vocational education sector for lateral and
vertical mobility across various learning sectors that is, secondary,
vocational and higher education.
3. Vocational Stream should be introduced at 8th Grade which may
provide both conventional and vocational stream of education at
secondary level.
4. Private Participation from Industry and other players must be
encouraged. Industry participation must be at all levels especially
in Governance, Curriculum Design, Placements and Funding,
Monitoring Outcome. Industry participation is also required
for creating production oriented Research and Innovation Labs.
5. Teachers training is an important aspect for ensuring quality
education in vocational stream.
6. Introducing programs to provide VET in affordable rate to the
poor economy class and students from rural areas.
7. Setting up institutes at remote areas of villages/rural areas or
making arrangements of hostels for the students coming to urban
cities for taking up VET.
In India, we believe that education is the key to the
task of nation-building. It is also a well-accepted
fact that providing the right knowledge and skills to
the youth can ensure the overall national progress
and economic growth.
Recommendations regarding Vocational Education:
1. A national level Board for vocational education should be
established, called as National Board for Vocational Education
which plays a major role in :
a) developing a national TVET(Technical and Vocational Education
and Training) system and national strategies with respect to
vocational education
b) ensuring close interaction between industries and TVET
providers
c) developing effective training market for public and private
needs
d) enhancing efficiency and productivity of TVET providers
The curricula for vocational education and training must be
influenced by following factors :
•Different types of labor market regimes
•Different modes of VET
•Different degree of autonomy in curriculum design
•Different types of curricula
•Different modes of stakeholder involvement in curriculum
design
“Training is just a bridge. The end
is jobs and employability”
Vocational Training
8

9. Awareness of Job Availability
1. Organizing job fairs at various district
levels ensuring participation of all concerned
colleges.
2. Posting notices related to availability
of jobs at college campuses and
educational institutions.
3. Proper Information and idea given about
various available job roles to eradicate
perceptual errors about jobs at school and
college levels.
4. To educate the youth on dignity of
labor thus encouraging them to apply for
various types of jobs along with preaching
and practice of proper work culture.
Correct
Information
about jobs
Dignity Of labor
JOBS
Educational
Institutes
Job fairs
Parents
Media
YOUTH
9

10. Implementation of Remedies
Design of Curriculum in schools and colleges.
Ensure proper attendance in schools and colleges.
Skill Enhancement of faculties in colleges and schools .
Recruitment of fresh faculties with proper required skillset.
A conscious design in curriculum to be included in junior schools and high schools
for improvement of verbal and written communication skills.
Career counsellor to be appointed at higher secondary and graduation level.
At higher secondary level and graduation level education institutes must ensure
that all students interacts with career counsellor. 10

11. JOBFAIR
To be held at metro, non-metro & district capitals.
To be held once in every quarter.
To be promoted by Government.
HRD ministry to organize and ensure participation of maximum organization covering
widest range of industries.
Participation of colleges and other educational institution to be ensured in these Job Fairs.
JOB FAIR
HRD MINISTRY
Supply of trained and
employable manpower from
educational institutes and
colleges
Demand of manpower
from participating
organizations
Employment 11

12. References :
 The Hindu Business Line, May 9, 2013
 Few articles from The Times of India
 ILO Report on Unemployment 2013
 NSS 66th round survey
 CENSUS Reports
 Latasinha’s Weblog
 NASSCOM Reports
 chicagonow.com
 economics.about.com
 Report on Second Annual Employment & Unemployment Survey
(2011-12) by GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR &
EMPLOYMENT - LABOUR BUREAU - CHANDIGARH
12