This document discusses different types of hypothesis tests that can be performed in R, including one-sample t-tests, two-sample t-tests, and paired t-tests. It provides examples of how to code each test in R and interpret the results. Specifically, it shows how to test if the mean level of salmonella in ice cream is greater than a threshold, compare the means of reaction times between treatment and control groups, and analyze gas mileage between regular and premium gas in a paired t-test. The document provides guidance on specifying the correct hypotheses, test options, and data for each analysis in R.