Hyperphosphatemia is a condition where there are abnormally high levels of phosphate in the blood. It is commonly caused by chronic kidney disease and can lead to morbidity and mortality. Symptoms may include muscle cramps, tetany, and joint pain. Dietary interventions to treat hyperphosphatemia include restricting phosphate intake and following a ketogenic diet. Nutritional counseling and dietary assessments by a renal dietitian are important for managing the condition in patients with chronic kidney disease or on dialysis.

1. Hyperphosphatemia
ICONM
GBScN
Group Members
Uzma Aftab
Nimra
Tabita
Fehmida
Farhana
Prepared by Uzma Aftab

2. Hyperphosphatemia
“Hyperphosphatemia is one of the most
common causes of morbidity and
mortality in individuals with chronic
kidney disease”.

3. Causes
Acute OR chronic renal failure.
Long term use of phosphate
containing products.
Chemotherapy that releases
phosphate into blood.
Cows milk feeding in infants.
Retained phosphorus enemas.
Hormonal
insufficiency(hypoparathyroidism).

4. Signs & Symptoms
Most patients with hyperphosphatemia are
asympyomatic they occasionally report
hypocalcemic symptoms.
Muscle cramps
Tetany
 Joint pain
Renal failure
Anuria
Hypertension
Edema
Cardiac arrest

5. Dietary Intervention
If hyperphosphatemia is present
restrict dietary phosphate.
A ketogenic diet may be helpful
but difficult to maintain.
Dialysis
Glucose and insulin infusions
(seldom necessary).
Ca supplements.

6. Conclusion
Poor nutrition is common in CKD &
DH patients and has adverse risk factor.
Nutritional counseling – part of
approach to CKD and dialysis patients.
Routine nutritional screening and
assessment should be done for CKD and
dialysis patients.
Qualified renal dietitian must be
included in the staff of every dialysis
unit.