This document compares and contrasts human resource management (HRM) and industrial relations (IR). It notes that HRM focuses on the employee-employer relationship while IR involves four parties: employees, employers, trade unions, and the government. Additionally, it states that HRM formulates objectives, policies and programs for human resources, while IR implementation of HRM policies results in industrial relations. IR contributes to organizational goals while unsound IR can lead to industrial conflicts.

1. HRM AND IR APROACHESHRM-Human Resource ManagementIR-Industrial relation

2. HRM - There are only two important parties viz., employee and employer.IR - These are four important parties viz., employees ,employer ,trade unions and government

3. HRM - Formulation of objectives ,policies ,procedure and programs of human resources and implement themIR - The implementation of HRM policies results in IR.

4. HRM - Reformulates the objectives, policies etc ,based on industrial conflicts which are the outcome of unsound industrial relations.IR- The sound IR contributes to the organizational goals. The unsound IR result in industrial conflicts demanding for change and reformulation of HRM objectives and goals

5. HRM - Individual employee contacts with the immediate superior.HRM - Grievance and disciplinary procedures are resorted to, to solve the employee-employer conflicts.IR - Employees contact even the top management as a group.IR - Collective bargaining and forms of industrial conflicts are resorted to ,to solve the problems,

6. HRM is the overall management of all resources including workers, staff, , executives, Top management and even suppliers and customers.

7. Industrial Relations in practice means the relations between actual work force and management of the organization..Actual work forceManagementHealthy relation

8. Therefore I am giving below some of the salient features of IR. Industrial relations are governed by the system of rules and regulations concerning work, workplace and working community. The main purpose is to maintain harmonious relations between employees and employer by solving their problems through grievance procedure and collective bargaining.

9. · Trade Unions is another important institution in the Industrial relations. Trade unions influence and shape the industrial relations through collective bargaining.· Industrial relations are the relations mainly between employees and employers.· These relations emphasis on accommodating other parties interest , values and needs . Parties develop skills of adjusting to and cooperating with each other.