HOW PAPER IS RECYCLED
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Paper is collected from recycling bins and large containers and taken to a recycling plant where it is separated by type and grade. The separated paper is washed to remove inks and other materials, then mixed with water to create a slurry. Different paper products can be created from the slurry by adding various materials, such as cardboard, newsprint, or office paper. The slurry is spread into sheets and dried before being rolled, cut, and sent back to stores.
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5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
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Findlay Evans Waterproofing with AIW - Article November 2019
Findlay Evans Waterproofing with AIW - Article November 2019MELBOURNE Commercial Waterproofers - Findlay-Evans Waterproofing
Floor Waste Requirements for Bathrooms in Australia
Waterproofing Melbourne and the entire construction industry must stay updated with the latest amendments to the Australian Standard AS3740 and the National Construction Code (NCC). Recent changes emphasize floor waste requirements and fall requirements in bathrooms, which are crucial for maintaining high standards of commercial waterproofing and other waterproofing practices.
Scope
The amendments clarify the waterproofing of wet areas within residential buildings across various states, including New South Wales, Queensland, and Western Australia. The NCC, a performance-based code, includes Volumes 1 and 2 (Building Code of Australia) and Volume 3 (Plumbing Code of Australia).
Legislation Overview
The NCC provides the minimum necessary standards for safety, health, sustainability, and amenity in building and plumbing legislation across Australia. It is divided into performance requirements and allows for compliance through Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions or alternative solutions.
BCA Volume 1
F1.7 Waterproofing of Wet Areas: Ensures wet areas in buildings are adequately waterproofed to prevent damage and maintain safety.
F1.11 Floor Grading: In Class 2 or 3 buildings or Class 4 parts of a building, bathroom or laundry floors located above a sole occupancy unit or public space must be graded to prevent water spillage.
BCA Volume 2
Performance Requirement P2.4.1: Addresses waterproofing of wet areas in Class 1 and 10 buildings, specifying that these areas must meet specific performance criteria to ensure effective waterproofing.
Floor Waste and Grading Requirements
The NCC Volume 1 and 2, along with the Australian Standard, provide performance requirements for waterproofing elements in wet areas. However, the BCA Volume 2 does not mandate floor waste installation in Class 1 buildings, such as single dwelling houses, except for rooms with wall-hung urinals. The floor in these buildings does not need to be graded to a floor waste gully, even if one is present.
In contrast, Class 2, 3, or 4 buildings with bathrooms or laundries located above other sole occupancy units or public spaces require floor waste installations to prevent water from entering the spaces below. The floors in these areas must be graded to the floor waste.
Importance of Compliance
Compliance with these standards is critical for preventing waterproofing failures, which can lead to significant post-construction issues, including structural damage and health hazards. Ensuring proper waterproofing in areas like basement waterproofing, retaining wall waterproofing, and lift pit waterproofing is essential for the longevity and safety of buildings.
The Role of Training and Education
Paul Evans highlights the importance of ongoing training and education in the waterproofing industry. By staying informed about legislative changes and best practices, professionals can improve the quality of their work and reduce the risk of defects. The best Social Media Spy Apps for Catching Your Unfaithful Wife.pdf
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Findlay Evans Waterproofing with AIW - Article July 2019
Findlay Evans Waterproofing with AIW - Article July 2019MELBOURNE Commercial Waterproofers - Findlay-Evans Waterproofing
Comprehensive Guide to Balcony Waterproofing Repairs
Addressing Leaking Balconies, Roofs, and Rooftop Terraces
Leaking balconies, roofs, and rooftop terraces can cause catastrophic damage to structures below. Water leaks may cause not only aesthetic and superficial damage but can also compromise the structural integrity of the building envelope. If a failed waterproofing membrane is the cause, re-grouting or surface sealing is merely a temporary fix. Such band-aid methods will eventually fail, causing cracks in tiles, grout, and membranes as the balcony moves.
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Proper preparation is critical for any waterproofing membrane installation. The substrate must be clean, free of dirt and other contaminants. This involves vacuum cleaning and/or diamond grinding to ensure a smooth, dry, and debris-free surface. In some cases, washing the substrate may be necessary.
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Before installing a waterproofing system, construction features that interrupt the membrane layer must be adequately protected and sealed. This includes:
Perimeter Upturns: Attachment points for railings and balustrades, joints between horizontal and vertical surfaces, and structural and expansion joints. Sealant should be applied 15mm wide to all junctions, reinforced with polyester or fiberglass mat to a DFT of 1.2mm, 100mm above finished floor height, or 25mm above the water line. The membrane system should be installed 200mm onto balcony floor areas.
Door/Window Step Downs: Similar to perimeter upturns, apply sealant 15mm wide to all junctions, reinforced with fiberglass mat to a DFT of 1.2mm, ensuring the membrane system is installed 200mm onto balcony areas.
Drains & Floor Waste Details: All floor wastes should have a recessed leak control flange installed, primed with appropriate primer, and the membrane system installed as per specifications.
Waterproofing Installation: Australian Standards
The installation of a Class 2/3 waterproof membrane system to external concrete must comply with AS 4654.2. Key considerations for installation include:
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Findlay Evans Waterproofing with AIW - Article October 2018MELBOURNE Commercial Waterproofers - Findlay-Evans Waterproofing
The construction industry is undergoing significant changes, particularly in waterproofing. Poor practices have caught the attention of regulators, and changes are coming soon. AIW will keep members informed about these developments. We aim to eliminate subpar contractors who compromise the industry with inadequate work.
Everyone makes mistakes occasionally, but persistent issues arise from those who consistently cut corners, using insufficient materials in unsafe conditions. These practices must end.
Summer Waterproofing Challenges
As summer approaches, common questions arise regarding membrane application in hot or humid conditions:
Is it too hot or humid to apply a membrane?
Will blistering occur?
How to address blistering if it happens?
Should a warranty be issued for such membranes?
Applying membranes in inappropriate conditions often leads to failures. It’s crucial to consider the long-term repercussions of these decisions. Consult your membrane supplier for guidance and ensure you ask the right questions. Industry peers are often willing to help.
Project Reference: QLD Public Hospital
Overview
Property Type: QLD Public Hospital
Contractor/Applicator: Waterstop Solutions
Testing: International Leak Detection Australia (ILD)
Category: Membrane Renewal
Products Used: A specialized bitumen-modified highly flexible waterproofing membrane installed in multiple layers over a moisture barrier primer system.
Project Details: The project involved renewing the waterproofing membrane on two leaking concrete tanks, critical for the hospital’s fire sprinkling system. Challenges included identifying all leaks and adhering to noise and downtime restrictions. The solution involved thorough surface preparation and the use of a compatible, highly flexible membrane, ensuring long-term effectiveness and compliance with Australian Standards.
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Findlay Evans Waterproofing with AIW - Article April 2017MELBOURNE Commercial Waterproofers - Findlay-Evans Waterproofing
The AIW Delivers on the Importance of Waterproofing
On March 29, 2017, the AIW attended and presented at the ADEB (Architects Designers Engineers Builders) Waterproofing Breakfast Seminar in Sydney. The focus was on addressing commercial waterproofing and residential high-rise waterproofing failures and solutions.
Presentations and Key Points
Paul Evans, AIW President, gave an overview of the AIW's role in raising waterproofing standards in Australia. Robert McDonald, an AIW member, delivered a session on the “Australian Standards in Waterproofing.” These presentations covered:
Common defects in internal and external waterproofing
Priming and substrate moisture content
Inspection and testing of waterproofing
Drainage and waterproofing techniques
Product knowledge and standards compliance, including:
CA 55 - 1970 (Design and Installation of Bituminous Fabric Roofing)
AS 3740 (Waterproofing Wet Areas in Residential Buildings)
AS 4858 - 2004 (Wet Area Membranes)
AS 4654 - 2012 (Waterproofing Membrane)
The AIW remains dedicated to updating, providing current information, and educational resources for all industries involved with waterproofing.
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