The document discusses how IoT technologies are helping to build smarter cities by improving management of rapid urbanization. As urban populations increase, cities are implementing data-driven solutions to alleviate pressures on services and planning. Smart city spending is projected to reach $158 billion by 2022, with technologies like real-time crime mapping, smart transportation, and remote health monitoring helping improve citizens' lives while reducing costs. However, future smart city projects will need to consider social inclusion and citizens' needs to fully realize their potential.

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How IoT is building a smart city?
Written By Calio
The population of cities around the world is increasing, and cities are struggling to cope.
As a silent force transforming the world, technology is now being used to manage the rapid
urbanization process and create smarter cities.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has become an important part of creating a more efficient,
sustainable, and resilient city, and demonstrated the growing impact it will have on people and
the planet.
Growth of smart cities
Since 1950, the urban population has increased nearly sixfold, from 751 million to more than 4
billion in 2018, more than half of the planet's population. Over the next 30 years, cities are
expected to add another 2.5 billion people.
This continued migration to urban areas has put greater pressure on public services and urban
planning. As a result, cities are implementing technology and data-driven solutions to alleviate
the additional pressures of this growth.
Smart city innovation
By 2022, smart city development spending will reach the US $ 158 billion, and emerging
innovative technologies are expected to achieve significant growth, such as:
▲ Equipment that provides real-time information to police officers to raise awareness and make
better decisions.
Global compound annual growth rate (2017-2022): 62%
▲ Allow cars to communicate with other cars, transportation infrastructure, and pedestrians.

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Global compound annual growth rate (2017-2022): 49%
▲ Anyone can access the data, which helps increase transparency for government and smart
city programs.
Global compound annual growth rate (2017-2022): 25%
▲ A solar-powered, smart bin with sensors allows the garbage collector to track garbage levels
and optimize fuel use.
Global compound annual growth rate (2017-2022): 23%
▲ Systems that collect data from different regions, such as pollution levels and traffic density, to
better manage smart cities.
Global compound annual growth rate (2017-2022): 23%
These technologies may have a wide-ranging transformative effect on cities willing to accept
them.
Measuring the impact
Smart city technology has the ability to improve citizens' health and well-being, while also
providing new avenues for economic development.
▲ To enhance public safety, cities are using real-time crime maps, gunshot monitoring, and
predictive police tools to help identify potential hot spots and prevent crime.
McKinsey believes that using these technologies can reduce crime and deaths by 8-10%. In cities
with population and crime rates similar to Rio de Janeiro, 300 lives could be saved each year.
▲ With more and more vehicles joining the IoT ecosystem, the scale of the IoT logistics and
transportation industry will become larger and larger, and it is expected that by the end of this
year, spending will exceed $ 43 billion.
New innovations such as smart roads that support self-driving cars are starting to get more
investment from cities. These roads will be able to communicate with automated vehicles to
ensure driver safety and better optimize traffic-with the potential to reduce the average
commute time by 30 minutes.
▲ Technology provides new strategies for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.
For example, in some countries, drones with facial recognition technology are being used to track
people infected with coronavirus to ensure they do not break the quarantine and risk
transmitting the virus.
However, the most effective use of technology is data-based maternal and child health
interventions, which rely on the use of analytics to identify expectant mothers and guide them in
prenatal and postnatal education activities.
These new technologies are reducing the burden of chronic diseases in cities. This is measured by
the World Health Organization's Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY), which refers to the total
number of healthy life years lost from onset to death. For example, the use of data-based
interventions in maternal care can reduce DALY by more than 5%.
▲ Although a large part of greenhouse gas emissions come from cities, by reducing electricity
and heat production, smart city solutions can reduce these emissions by 15%.
Smart cities will also play a key role in reducing water consumption. Applications such as smart
irrigation systems, water leakage, quality, and consumption monitoring can save 25-80 liters of
water per person per day in the city.

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Citizen-led Smart City
The increasing popularity of 5G will help drive these economic and social benefits. With its
high-speed connectivity and the ability to support more devices, 5G can expand the scale of
smart cities, making it an important feature of the next generation of innovative smart city
projects. However, this is not the only mode available.
Some of the latest versions of smart cities are based on the principles of fairness and social
inclusion. For example, Vienna often tops the smart city index for its inclusive and collaborative
approach to smart city initiatives. The city advocates socially balanced solutions and considers
citizens of all socioeconomic backgrounds and age groups.
Vienna is just one of many European hubs that are leading the way in a large number of smart
city project investments. In fact, by 2025, as many as 53 million active IoT connections are
expected in continental Europe.
Although each city has a different strategy, citizens will be their most important asset. As a series
of exciting new smart city applications become the new normal in the next decade, it is clear that
humans will be at the core of realizing their true potential.