This document provides information on hormones, hormonal disorders, and their treatment. It discusses various glands of the endocrine system and the hormones they produce, including the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, ovaries, testes, and pineal gland. It then covers several hormonal disorders - growth hormone excess and deficiency affecting the pituitary; thyroid disorders; adrenal disorders like Cushing's and Addison's disease; diabetes insipidus; prolactinoma; and menopause. For each, it discusses symptoms, investigations, and homeopathic and conventional treatment approaches. The document emphasizes managing hormonal disorders and related symptoms using diet, lifestyle changes, hormone therapy when needed, and homeopathic medicines

2. DR ALIA ASGHAR ALI
D.H.M.S (R.H.M.P)
B.A (PUNJAB UNIVERSITY)
B.SC (FOOD&NUTRITION)
(HEALTH&NUTRITION)
DIPLOMA IN
ACUPUNCTURE
LEVEL 2 DIPLOMA IN FOOD
SAFETY &CATERING
LEVEL 2 DIPLOMA IN
FOOD& BEVERAGES
SERVICES (CITY&GUILD
UK)

3. HORMONES

4. HARMONAL DISORDERS

5. DEFINATION
The endocrine system uses hormones to
control and coordinate your body's internal
metabolism (or homeostasis) energy level,
reproduction, growth and development, and
response to injury, stress, and environmental
factors. Consider the following hormones and
their role in the workings of the endocrine
system

6. Where the hormone
is produced
Hormone(s) secreted Hormone function
Adrenal glands Aldosterone Regulates salt, water balance, and blood pressure
Adrenal glands Corticosteroid Controls key functions in the body; acts as an anti-inflammatory;
maintains blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and muscle
strength; regulates salt and water balance
Pituitary gland Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) Affects water retention in kidneys; controls blood pressure
Pituitary gland Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Controls production of sex hormones (estrogen in women and
testosterone in men) and the production of eggs in women and
sperm in men.
Pituitary gland Growth hormone (GH) Affects growth and development; stimulates protein production;
affects fat distribution
Pituitary gland Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-
stimulating hormone (FSH)
Controls production of sex hormones (estrogen in women and
testosterone in men) and the production of eggs in women and
sperm in men
Pituitary gland Oxytocin Stimulates contraction of uterus and milk ducts in the breast
Pituitary gland Prolactin Initiates and maintains milk production in breasts; impacts sex
hormone levels
Pituitary gland Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Stimulates the production and secretion of thyroid hormones
Kidneys Renin and angiotensin Controls blood pressure, both directly and also by regulating
aldosterone production from the adrenal glands

7. Ovaries Estrogen Affects development of female sexual
characteristics and reproductive
development, important for functioning of
uterus and breasts; also protects bone
health
Ovaries Progesterone Stimulates the lining of the uterus for
fertilization; prepares the breasts for milk
production
Parathyroid glands Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Most important regulator of blood calcium
levels
Thyroid gland Thyroid hormone Controls metabolism; also affects growth,
maturation, nervous system activity, and
metabolism
Adrenal glands Epinephrine Increases heart rate, oxygen intake, and
blood flow
Adrenal glands Norepinephrine Maintains blood pressure
Testes (testicles) Testosterone Develop and maintain male sexual
characteristics and maturation
Pineal gland Melatonin Releases melatonin during night hours to
help with sleep
Hypothalamus Growth hormone releasing hormone
(GHRH)
Regulates growth hormone release in the
pituitary gland
Hypothalamus Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) Regulates thyroid stimulating hormone
release in the pituitary gland
Hypothalamus Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) Regulates LH/FSH production in the
pituitary gland
Hypothalamus Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) Regulates adrenocorticotropin release in
the pituitary gland
Thymus Humoral factors Helps develop the lymphoid system

8. HORMONAL DISORDERS

11. THE PITUTARY GLAND
GROWTH HORMONE EXCESS
ACROMEGALY AND GIGANTISM
Growth hormone excess occurring before the
epiphyses have united results in gigantism. More
commonly it occurs in adult life after Acromegaly as
insedious chronic and debilitating disease

13. AETIOLOGY
Well defined pituitary tumors found in almost
all patients,75% are macroadenamas as
comapred to 2/3rd which are
microadenomas in cases of
hyperprolactanemia.

14. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
 FATIGUE
 INCREASED SWEATING
 HEAT INTOLERANCE
 ENALARGING HAND AND FEET
 WEIGHT GAIN
 OILY SKIN
 DECREASED VISION
 SINUS CONGESTION
 INCREASED TONGUE SIZE
 VOICE CHANGE
 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
 DECREASED LIBIDO
 IMPOTENCY

15.  OLIGOMENORRHEA
 INFERTILITY
 KIDNEY STONES
 JOINTS PAIN
INVESTIGATIONS
 G-H levels should be measured preferably
during the oral glucose tolerance test.
 Endocrine evaluation
 Field charting
 Radiography of skull
 C T scan and MRI scan

16. TREATMENT
OBJECTIVES:
Return to GH levels to normal.
Stabilization and decrease in tumor size.
Presentation of normal pituitary functions.
Irradiation
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
Thyroidinum,Chrysarobinum,Pituitary
extract.

17. HYPOPIYUITARISM
TRUAMA
TUMORS
GRANULOMAS,SYPHILIS,TUBERCULOSIS
AUTOIMMUNE
SURGICAL TREATMENTS
SIGNS &SYMPTOMS
PALLOR SKIN WRINKLED
FAILURE OF POST PARTUM LACTATION
IMPOTENCE
LOSS OF LIBIDO IN MALES
GYNAECOMASTIA
ABSENT OF PUBIC & AXILIARY HAIR
AMENORRHOEA,STERILITY IN FEMALES

18. THYROID DEFICIENCY
ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
LOW B.P, ASTHENIA
INVESTIGATIONS
PLAIN SKULL RADIOGRAPHY
C T SCAN & MRI SCAN
ANGIOGRAPHY
EVALUATION OF PITUTIARY FUNCTION
(SERUMTHYROXINE,PLASMA
CORTISOL,PROLACTIN,TESTSTERONE,LH.FSH,ACTH)
TREATMENT
TREATMENT OF UNDERLINE CAUSE
HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY

21. HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
ABROTANUM,BRAYTA CARB,BRAYTA
MUR,Iod,NAT.MUR,SEPIA.
THE ADRENALS
ADRENOCROTICAL HYPOFUNCTION (ADDISON’S
DISEASE)
ADDISON’S DISEASE OR PRIMARY HYPOADRENALISM
RESULTS FROM DESTRUCTION OF ADRENAL CORTEX BY A
VARIETY OF PATHALOGICAL PROCESSES.
SIGNS &SYMPTOMS
PIGMENTATION OF SKIN
ANOREXIA
POSTURAL HYPOTENSION
ASTHENIA , MYSTHENIA
GRANULARS CASTS AND ALBUMIN ,BLOOD UREA AND
CREATININE ABOVE NORMAL

22. INVESTIGATIONS
PLASMA CORTISOL
PLASMA ACTH
SERUM SODIUM LEVEL IS LOW
SERUM POTASSIUM LEVEL IS HIGH
SERUM CHLORIDE IS LOW
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
ADRENALINE,CALC.CARB,NAT.MUR,NIT.ACID,Iod,SIL,SUPRREN
AL EXTRACT,TUBER,PHOS.
Adrenalcortical hyperfunction cushing syndrome
inVESTIGATIONS
POLYCYTHAEMIA WITH LEUCOCYTOSIS
HYPOKALAEMIA
GTT SHOWS ELEVATED LEVELS
URINE COMPLETE
X-RAY,CT SCAN,ULTRASOUND

25. HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
 CALC.CARB,CALC.PHOS,NAT. MUR,THYROIDINUM
,ELE SERUM
PROLACTIN
INVESTIGATIONS
SERUM PROLACTIN,CT SCAN
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
CON,LAC.CAN,MERC.SOL,PHYTO,PIT.EXT.

26. DISEASES OF POSTERIOR PITUITARY
DIABETES INSIPIDUS
INVESTIGATIONS
URINE
X-RAY SKULL
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINE
ACETIC ACID ARG.MET EUP.PURP FERR.MUR
MUREX,ACID.PHOS .LACTIC ACID.

28. THYROID DISORDERS
HYPERTHYROIDISM
INVESTIGATIONS
THYROID PROFILE
THYROID SCAN
MRI SCAN
NEEDLE BIOPSY
ULTRASOUBD &X-RAY OF THYROID
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
THYROIDINUM,SPONGIA,NAT MUR,Iod,BELL

32. HYPOTHYROIDISM
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
AETHUSA,BRAYTA CARB,CALC
PHOS,CALC.CARB,SILICIA,THYRODINUM
PARATHYROID DISORDERS
HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
BELL,CALC.CARB,CICUTA,CUP.MET,CUP.AC,DROS,MAG.
PHOS,NUX.V,STRYCH,ZINC.MET

35. Natural Ways to Balance Your Hormones
Eat Enough Protein at Every Meal.
 Consuming an adequate amount of
protein is extremely important.
Engage in Regular Exercise.
Avoid Sugar and Refined Carbs.
Learn to Manage Stress. ...
Consume Healthy Fats. ...
Avoid Overeating and Under eating. ...
Drink Green Tea. ...
Eat Fatty Fish Often.

37. MENOPAUSE, PERIMENOPAUSE AND
POSTMENOPAUSE
Menopause, perimenopause and
postmenopause are stages in a woman's life
when her monthly period stops. This is the end
of a woman's reproductive years.
Perimenopause is the first stage in this
process and can start eight to 10 years before
menopause. Menopause is the point when a
woman no longer has menstrual periods for at
least 12 months. Postmenopause is the stage
after menopause.

42. OCCURRENCE OF NATURAL MENOPAUSE
Natural menopause is the permanent ending of
menstruation that is not brought on by any type of
medical treatment. For women undergoing natural
menopause, the process is gradual and is
described in three stages:
Perimenopause or "menopause transition":
Perimenopause can begin eight to 10 years before
menopause, when the ovaries gradually produce less
estrogen. It usually starts in a woman's 40s, but can
start in the 30s as well.

43. MENOPAUSE
Menopause is the point when a woman no longer has
menstrual periods. Menopause is diagnosed when a
woman has gone without a menstrual period for 12
consecutive months.
Postmenopause
During this stage, menopausal symptoms, such as hot
flashes, may ease for many women. However, some
women continue to experience menopausal symptoms for
a decade or longer after the menopause transition.
SYMPTOMS AND CAUSES
HOT FLASHES
VAGINAL DRYNESS
URINARY URGENCY
EMOTIONAL CHANGES(MOOD
SWINGS,DEPRESSION,DRY SKIN &EYES).

44. BREAST TENDERNESS
 IRREGULAR PERIODS
HEADACHES
RACING HEART
JOINT &MUSLES PAIN
CHANGES IN LIBIDO
WEIGHT GAIN
HAIR LOSS OR THINING
FACIAL HAIR

46. MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT
HORMONE THERAPY
Estrogen Progesterone/Progestin Hormone
Therapy (EPT):
NON-HORMONAL TREATMENTS
DIET
Soybeans,Chickpeas,Lentils,Flaxseed,Grains,Bea
ns,Fruits and Vegetables.
Avoiding triggers to hot flashes,
Exercising,Joining support groups.

49. AROMA THERAPY

51. HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES
Graphites,Lachesis,Sepia,Sulphur,Belladonna,Ca
lcarea
carbonica,Glonoine,Ignatia,Sang.nit,Pulsatilla,Ac
tea.
Rac,Platina,Sabina,Medorrhinum,Bellis.per,Camp
hor, Oophor.num,Fraxinus.am,Trillium