USMLE Step 1 Molecular Biology and Biochemistry reviewAbril Santos
This is a review for the USMLE Step 1 exam for Molecular Biology and Biochemistry.
It contains anything you need to know for your exam in pictures, tables and diagrams.
USMLE Step 1 Molecular Biology and Biochemistry reviewAbril Santos
This is a review for the USMLE Step 1 exam for Molecular Biology and Biochemistry.
It contains anything you need to know for your exam in pictures, tables and diagrams.
regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes is a complex mechanism involved many factors. out of many levels of regulations, chromosomal and transcription level of regulation are discussed in this slides.
difference between Transcription in eukaryotes and prokaryotes kamilKhan63
In prokaryotes the transcription is simple while in eukaryotes the transcription is complicated or complex.
Occurrences
Prokaryotic transcription occurs in cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic transcription occurs in nucleus.
3. In prokaryotes mRNA is transcribed directly from the template DNA strand while in eukaryotes 1st pre-mRNA is formed and then processed to yield mature mRNA.
This is a mini-research work presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of a masters degree in Biochemistry, University of Ibadan.
Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of RNA replica.- Source: Wikipedia
Private Engineering Colleges in GurgaonDronacharya
Dronacharya College of Engineering offers the students with learning atmosphere with best facilities, and pleasant educational environment. The Institute provides best engineering courese and placement communication skills for the development of students.
regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes is a complex mechanism involved many factors. out of many levels of regulations, chromosomal and transcription level of regulation are discussed in this slides.
difference between Transcription in eukaryotes and prokaryotes kamilKhan63
In prokaryotes the transcription is simple while in eukaryotes the transcription is complicated or complex.
Occurrences
Prokaryotic transcription occurs in cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic transcription occurs in nucleus.
3. In prokaryotes mRNA is transcribed directly from the template DNA strand while in eukaryotes 1st pre-mRNA is formed and then processed to yield mature mRNA.
This is a mini-research work presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of a masters degree in Biochemistry, University of Ibadan.
Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of RNA replica.- Source: Wikipedia
Private Engineering Colleges in GurgaonDronacharya
Dronacharya College of Engineering offers the students with learning atmosphere with best facilities, and pleasant educational environment. The Institute provides best engineering courese and placement communication skills for the development of students.
Realism, heroism, bravery, boldness or cowardiceAgha A
'Heroism' and 'realism', 'bravery' or 'cowardice' are powerful words pregnant with multiple meanings and thus often misunderstood in common discussion. This is not exactly an article but a cursory examination of how certain individuals in various stages of world history made remarkable achievements by being 'Heroic' 'Realistic' etc.
The 'Hero' is a man who does not surrender in face of overwhelming odds and thus emerges 'victorious' or is perceived by posterity to have been morally victorious despite having been physically destroyed.
Khalid Bin Waleed, Napoleon, Alexander, Churchill etc may be grouped in the first cate-gory and Joan of Arc, Syed Ahmad Shaheed may be grouped in the latter category. All these men did well and are even today well known figures in history.
We will first examine the issue in relation with the fact 'Whether the hero had an exact knowledge and sufficient time' to assess decisions that he made and which ultimately elevated him to the pedestal of a hero in history! This is important but very often forgotten or not understood at all by many. We will take the 'Rebels' or the 'Freedom Fighters' of 1857 as an example. All existing facts as we know them today prove that these 'Rebels' never really understood the real power and potential of the English East India Company.
Career Guidance In Engineering - DronacharyaDronacharya
If you want to make career in engineering and best guidance other way to visite Drona Institute is best in all engineering courses & get 100% Placements.
This presentation explains DNA transcription and RNA Processing.
It gives details about prokaryotic DNA transcription and eukaryotic DNA transcription. it also explains post-transcriptional modification both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
KEY CONCEPTS
18.1 Bacteria often respond to environmental change by
regulating transcription
18.2 Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated at many stages
18.3 Noncoding RNAs play multiple roles in controlling gene
expression
18.4 A program of differential gene expression leads to the different cell types in a multicellular organism
18.5 Cancer results from genetic changes that affect cell cycle control
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
19. Looking at your gels
• What do you notice about the “banding
patterns” in each lane in your gels?
• What is different about the “pools” of DNA
that you loaded into each well?
21. Look at you gel again
• Estimate the size of the DNA fragment(s)
in the pMAP lane.
• Does the relationship between the
distance migrated and DNA fragment size
appear to be a linear relationship?
45. Fig. 20-3-2
Restriction site
DNA
Sticky end
Restriction enzyme
cuts sugar-phosphate
backbones.
5′
3′
3′
5′
1
DNA fragment added
from another molecule
cut by same enzyme.
Base pairing occurs.
2
One possible combination
46. Fig. 20-3-3
Restriction site
DNA
Sticky end
Restriction enzyme
cuts sugar-phosphate
backbones.
5′
3′
3′
5′
1
One possible combination
Recombinant DNA molecule
DNA ligase
seals strands.
3
DNA fragment added
from another molecule
cut by same enzyme.
Base pairing occurs.
2
47. Fig. 20-9a
Mixture of
DNA mol-
ecules of
different
sizes
Power
source
Longer
molecules
Shorter
molecules
Gel
AnodeCathode
TECHNIQUE
1
2
Power
source
– +
+–
50. Fig. 20-10
Normal
allele
Sickle-cell
allele
Large
fragment
(b) Electrophoresis of restriction fragments
from normal and sickle-cell alleles
201 bp
175 bp
376 bp
(a) DdeI restriction sites in normal and
sickle-cell alleles of β-globin gene
Normal β-globin allele
Sickle-cell mutant β-globin allele
DdeI
Large fragment
Large fragment
376 bp
201 bp175 bp
DdeIDdeI
DdeI DdeI DdeI DdeI
64. Development of Model
• One Gene – One Enzyme (Nobel 1958)
• One Gene – One Polypeptide
– Non enzyme proteins (keratin, insulin)
– Hb – multimeric protein.
• Issues:
– Alternate splicing
– RNA coding genes.
– Non-coding regions
79. Fig. 18-6
DNA
Signal
Gene
NUCLEUS
Chromatin
modification
Chromatin
Gene available
for transcription
Exon
Intron
Tail
RNA
Cap
RNA processing
Primary transcript
mRNA in nucleus
Transport to cytoplasm
mRNA in cytoplasm
Translation
CYTOPLASM
Degradation
of mRNA
Protein processing
Polypeptide
Active protein
Cellular function
Transport to cellular
destination
Degradation
of protein
Transcription
81. Fig. 18-8-1
Enhancer
(distal control elements)
Proximal
control elements
Poly-A signal
sequence
Termination
region
Downstream
Promoter
Upstream
DNA
ExonExon ExonIntron Intron
82. Fig. 18-8-2
Enhancer
(distal control elements)
Proximal
control elements
Poly-A signal
sequence
Termination
region
Downstream
Promoter
Upstream
DNA
Exon Exon ExonIntronIntron
Cleaved 3′ end
of primary
transcript
Primary RNA
transcript
Poly-A
signal
Transcription
5′
ExonExon ExonIntron Intron
83. Fig. 18-8-3
Enhancer
(distal control elements)
Proximal
control elements
Poly-A signal
sequence
Termination
region
Downstream
Promoter
Upstream
DNA
ExonExon ExonIntron Intron
Exon Exon ExonIntronIntron
Cleaved 3′ end
of primary
transcript
Primary RNA
transcript
Poly-A
signal
Transcription
5′
RNA processing
Intron RNA
Coding segment
mRNA
5′ Cap 5′ UTR
Start
codon
Stop
codon 3′ UTR Poly-A
tail
3′
89. Fig. 18-2
Regulation
of gene
expression
trpE gene
trpD gene
trpC gene
trpB gene
trpA gene
(b) Regulation of enzyme
production
(a) Regulation of enzyme
activity
Enzyme 1
Enzyme 2
Enzyme 3
Tryptophan
Precursor
Feedback
inhibition
90. Fig. 18-3a
Polypeptide subunits that make up
enzymes for tryptophan synthesis
(a) Tryptophan absent, repressor inactive, operon on
DNA
mRNA 5′
Protein Inactive
repressor
RNA
polymerase
Regulatory
gene
Promoter Promoter
trp operon
Genes of operon
Operator
Stop codonStart codon
mRNA
trpA
5′
3′
trpR trpE trpD trpC trpB
ABCDE
91. Fig. 18-3b-1
(b) Tryptophan present, repressor active, operon off
Tryptophan
(corepressor)
No RNA made
Active
repressor
mRNA
Protein
DNA
92. Fig. 18-3b-2
(b) Tryptophan present, repressor active, operon off
Tryptophan
(corepressor)
No RNA made
Active
repressor
mRNA
Protein
DNA
93. Fig. 18-4a
(a) Lactose absent, repressor active, operon off
DNA
Protein
Active
repressor
RNA
polymerase
Regulatory
gene
Promoter
Operato
r
mRNA
5′
3′
No
RNA
made
lacI lacZ
112. Encode
The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TwXXgEz9o4w&feature=player_d
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3V2thsJ1Wc&feature=player_de
139. Fig. 20-12
DNA
(template strand)
TECHNIQUE
RESULTS
DNA (template
strand)
DNA
polymerase
Primer Deoxyribonucleotides
Shortest
Dideoxyribonucleotides
(fluorescently tagged)
Labeled strands
Longest
Shortest labeled strand
Longest labeled strand
Laser
Direction
of movement
of strands
Detector
Last base
of longest
labeled
strand
Last base
of shortest
labeled
strand
dATP
dCTP
dTTP
dGTP
ddATP
ddCTP
ddTTP
ddGTP
159. Two Opposing Theories
• Multiregional Theory
– Parallel evolution
• Displacement Theory
– Out of Africa theory
http://news.bbc.co.uk/
160.
161. Neandertal Genome Study Reveals
That We Have a Little Caveman in
Us
Svante Paabo
Europeans and Asians share 1% to 4% of
their nuclear DNA with Neandertals. But
Africans do not
