Historyofcomputers
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Konrad Zuse created the Z1 in 1936 which was the first freely programmable computer. In 1944, Eckert and Mauchly invented the first computer to use vacuum tubes. In 1984, Apple created the Macintosh, the first affordable home computer which started a revolution in desktop computing.
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Computers have evolved greatly over time, starting as simple mechanical aids like the abacus and advancing to modern electronic digital computers. Some key developments include Charles Babbage designing plans for the first general-purpose computer in the 1830s; the creation of the first functional computer called the Mark I by Howard Aiken in 1944; the invention of the transistor in 1948, which made computers smaller and more reliable; the development of programming languages like BASIC in the 1960s; and the creation of early personal computers like the Altair in 1975 and the Apple I in 1976, which helped usher in the personal computer revolution.
Evolution of computer
The document traces the history and evolution of computing devices from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices invented by Pascal and Babbage in the 1600s-1800s. The development of programming by Ada Lovelace and Boolean logic in the 1800s laid the foundations for modern computing. Key innovations like the tabulator, vacuum tube, Turing machine, and integrated circuit expanded computing's capabilities. The document outlines the development of early computers like ENIAC and Mark I in the 1940s-1950s and the rise of programming languages. It traces the progression from mainframes to minicomputers and microprocessors, leading to personal computers in the 1970s and beyond.
CR346-Lec00 history
The document summarizes the origins and early history of digital computers. It describes how early calculating devices like the abacus led to mechanical calculators in the 16th-18th centuries. Charles Babbage designed the first general-purpose digital computers, the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, in the 19th century. In the early 20th century, electro-mechanical machines and the concepts of stored programs and the binary system were developed. The first modern electronic digital computers were built during World War II to aid codebreaking efforts. After the war, the foundations of modern computing were established, including the stored-program architecture and transistor-based computers. Personal computers emerged in the 1970s due to declining costs of integrated circuits.
Behind every invention there is a person who may be a dreamer, an el.pdf
Behind every invention there is a person who may be a dreamer, an electrician, a researcher, a
teacher, or a practitioner who had a good idea. The Internet had to be conceptualized and
implemented by someone; the computer had to begin somewhere. These outstanding scientists
deserve recognition and reference when possible.
Explore pivotal individuals over the years and decades who created the computer as we know it.
In the discussion, identify integral people and their contributions. Consider any coincidences
with world events.
Solution
1)The first pivotal point was : Cogs and Calculators
- In 1642, aged only 18, French scientist and philosopher Blaise Pascal (1623–1666)
invented the first practical mechanical calculator, the Pascaline.
2) In 1854, Englishman George Boole (1815–1864) used the idea to
invent a new branch of mathematics called Boolean algebra.
In modern computers, binary code and Boolean algebra allow
computers to make simple decisions by comparing long strings of zeros and ones.
3)Engines of Calculation:
It was invented by chales babbage who is also known as the father of computer.
His machines had an input, a memory, a processor, and an output-the same
components contained by all modern computers
4) The history of computing remembers colorful characters like Babbage,
but others who played important—if supporting—roles are less well known.
Bush built world\'s most powerful calculator. In 1925, Bush made the first
of a series of unwieldy contraptions: the New Recording Product Integraph Multiplier.
Differential Analyzer were only one of several outstanding contributions Bush made to 20th-
century technology.
5) Alan Turing (1912–1954) also had a major contribution.He was a cambridge mathematician
who formulated
the theory of how computers processed information.
In 1936, at the age of 23, Turing wrote a mathematical paper called
\"On computable numbers,in which he described a theoretical computer
now known as a Turing machine
6) The First modern computer: in 1938, German engineer Konrad Zuse (1910–1995)
constructed his Z1, the world\'s first programmable binary computer. It was designed during
world war.
7) Next year, American physicist John Atanasoff (1903–1995) and his assistant,
electrical engineer Clifford Berry (1918–1963), built a more elaborate
binary machine that they named the Atanasoff Berry Computer (ABC).
8) In 1946: the Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator (ENIAC) was invented by
John Mauchly (1907–1980) and J. Presper Eckert (1919–1995).
9) By 1974, Intel had launched a popular microprocessor known as the 8080
and building home computers around it startes soon. The first was the MITS Altair 8800,
built by Ed Roberts.
10) Steve Wozniak (1950–) used a 6502 microprocessor (made by an Intel rival,
Mos Technology) to build a better home computer of his own: the Apple I.
11) In 1976, Gary Kildall (1942–1994), a teacher and computer scientist, and one
of the founders of the Homebrew Computer Club, wrote an operat.
Great People in IT
Charles Babbage conceptualized the first programmable computer in the 19th century and laid the foundations for modern computing even though his machines were never completed in his lifetime. Grace Hopper was a pioneer in computer programming and popularized the term "debugging". Alan Turing helped develop the first digital electronic computer and proposed the Turing Test for artificial intelligence during World War II at Bletchley Park.
2 evolution of computer systems
The document traces the evolution of computers from early counting devices like the abacus to modern cloud computing. It describes key early inventions and pioneers that helped develop computers, such as Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, Alan Turing's Turing machine, and the first integrated circuits. The document then outlines the major generations of computers from first-generation mainframes to modern fifth-generation systems incorporating artificial intelligence and quantum computing.
My ppt on development
The document traces the development of computers from early counting machines like the abacus to modern devices. It discusses early mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Leibniz. Important early electronic computers include ENIAC, Colossus, the Harvard Mark 1. The development of transistors led to smaller second generation computers. Integrated circuits were used in third generation computers. The microprocessor and personal computer launched the fourth generation of portable devices. Future computers may use quantum computing and artificial intelligence.
men behind computers-mel ed
This document profiles 12 pioneering computer scientists and inventors:
Charles Babbage originated the concept of a programmable computer. Claude Shannon founded information theory and contributed to codebreaking. Alan Turing was influential in developing concepts of algorithms and computation with the Turing machine. John von Neumann's idea of storing programs and data in memory became the basis of modern computer architecture. William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain invented the transistor at Bell Labs. Douglas Engelbart invented the computer mouse and developed concepts of hypertext and graphical user interfaces. Robert Noyce co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor and Intel, realizing the first integrated circuit. Steve Wozniak designed the Apple I and Apple II computers
Computers_History.ppt
The history of computers began with the abacus in 2600 BC and progressed through mechanical calculators, programmable computers, the development of integrated circuits and microchips, the internet, and personal computers. Major developments included Charles Babbage's analytical engine in 1833, the first digital electronic computer created by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry in 1939, the invention of the microchip by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce in 1959, and the creation of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990. These inventions paved the way for modern personal computing.
CST 20363-Session 1.2-A Brief History of Computing
The document provides a brief history of computing from ancient counting aids like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical computing devices invented by Pascal and Babbage and the development of programmable looms and tabulating machines using punch cards. The advent of vacuum tubes and transistors allowed for larger, more powerful computers like ENIAC, UNIVAC, and IBM's 700/7000 series. Major developments included high-level programming languages like FORTRAN, integrated circuits, microprocessors, personal computers, the Internet, and the World Wide Web which connected computers globally and led to portable devices.
Hci history
The document provides a history of human-computer interaction (HCI) from the early computers in the 1940s-1950s to developments in the 1990s, covering key people, systems, and ideas such as the first general purpose computers by Zuse and ENIAC in the 1940s, time-sharing in the 1960s, Sketchpad and the mouse in the 1960s, hypertext and personal computing concepts in the 1960s-1970s, and the introduction of personal computers like the Apple II and IBM PC in the 1970s-1980s.
history of computer
The document provides a history of computers from the 1940s to the 1980s. It describes the progression in hardware from vacuum tubes to integrated circuits and silicon chips, allowing bits of data to decrease dramatically in size. It also notes the progression from computers being almost impossible for anyone but geniuses to use in the 1950s to being useable by almost anyone by the 1980s. Key early computers discussed include ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer; the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC), considered one of the first digital electronic computing devices; and the transition from mainframes to personal computers like the Apple II and IBM PC in the 1970s-1980s.
MEN BEHIND COMPUTER
Charles Babbage invented early computers but failed to build them. Claude Shannon founded information theory and Alan Turing made major contributions to computer science and artificial intelligence. John Von Neumann made important contributions to mathematics, physics, and artificial life. William Shockley, Douglas Engelbert, Robert Noyce, Steve Wozniak, Grace Hopper, and Vint Cerf all made seminal contributions to the development of computers and the Internet through inventions like the transistor, mouse, microchip, Apple I computer, computer programming, and TCP/IP protocols.
History of software engineering
The document provides a summary of the history of software engineering from the 19th century to present day. It discusses how:
- The first computers were human "computers", mostly women, who performed calculations by hand. The term "software" was coined in the 1940s.
- The origin of the term "software engineering" is debated but it was used in the 1960s to distinguish the work of building software systems from computer science and hardware engineering.
- Early programming involved humans organizing complexity through techniques like flowcharts. Languages like Fortran automated programming and made it possible to write software independent of hardware.
- Large software projects in defense and aerospace in the 1960s highlighted the need for software engineering
Similar to Historyofcomputers (20)
Behind every invention there is a person who may be a dreamer, an el.pdf
Behind every invention there is a person who may be a dreamer, an el.pdf
CST 20363-Session 1.2-A Brief History of Computing
CST 20363-Session 1.2-A Brief History of Computing
Historyofcomputers
- 3. In 1936 Konrad Zuse created the Z1 Computer which was the first freely programmable computer. In 1976 Apple joined computer programming, ending up being one of the most successful computer companies.
- 4. In 1984 Apple created the John Presper Eckert Macintosh In 1936 Konrad Zuse and John W. computer, which invented the first Mauchly came up was the first freely programmable with the scenario to affordable home computer use vacuum tubes computer and in 1944. created a new revolution in desktop computing.
- 7. • http://www.news.everstonline.edu/post/2009 /07/invented-first-computer • http://www.cbtplanet.com/article- tutorials/the-future-of-computers.htm