History & superstition
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the application of historical knowledge is very fascinating than the actual science in knowing and explaining the belief of human being on some ways of living
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Superstition
The document discusses the meaning, origin and examples of superstitions. It also covers how superstitions have been marketed for gold and explores both the positive and negative effects of superstitions. Finally, it looks at eradicating superstitions.
Superstition
Superstitions are irrational beliefs arising from fear that lead people to engage in certain rituals and ceremonies according to urban legends to avoid bad luck. They originate from beliefs formed in childhood and represent mankind's fears. Common good luck superstitions include horseshoes, four leaf clovers, while black cats, dogs howling at night, and crows are seen as signs of bad luck. Superstitions can impact perceptions of success or failure by associating ideas with the supernatural. To overcome superstitions, one should adopt a more optimistic and rational approach by being scientific rather than superstitious.
Indian Superstitions
The document summarizes several common superstitions in India and provides rational explanations for their origins. It explains that opening an umbrella indoors was discouraged due to potential safety hazards from metal spokes, and hanging lemons and chilies in shops was a method of pest control. It also discusses superstitions around cutting nails at night stemming from lack of light, and bats bringing death being related to diseases they can transmit. In general, many superstitions arose from misunderstandings or a lack of scientific knowledge, though continue to influence some communities today.
SUPERSTITIOUS BELIEFS
This document provides an overview of superstitious beliefs, including:
- Defining superstition and exploring its history and origins.
- Classifying different types of superstitions like good luck vs. bad luck beliefs.
- Highlighting some of the most common superstitions in India and around the world.
- Presenting survey results that found over 60% of Indian employees hold superstitious beliefs.
- Discussing some real-world harms of superstition, like hundreds of women being murdered under accusations of witchcraft.
SUPERSTITIONS
This document discusses superstitions, which are beliefs not based on reason that certain events bring good or bad luck. It provides examples of common superstitions like black cats being bad luck and four-leaf clovers being good luck. The document also explores superstitions in different cultures like the UK, Italy, China, and Japan. It notes that while superstitions have existed for centuries, specific superstitions change over time as societies modernize and scientific understanding increases. The document concludes that increasing education in science and rational thinking can help reduce superstitious beliefs.
Superstition
The document lists several common superstitions and beliefs, including that stepping on a crack will break your mother's back, a black cat crossing your path brings bad luck, and breaking a mirror results in seven years of bad luck. It also mentions knocking on wood for good luck, saying "God bless you" after sneezes, and carrying a four-leaf clover or horseshoe for luck. The superstitions originate from different cultures and eras and represent irrational beliefs that certain objects or actions can influence outcomes beyond one's control.
Superstitions
This document discusses superstitions. It begins by defining superstition as beliefs not based on reason that thousands still hold, often stemming from ignorance or a fearful mind. Two types of superstitions are then described: good luck and bad luck. Examples of common good luck superstitions include crossing fingers, seeing a white cat, and blowing out candles in one breath. Bad luck superstitions include a black cat crossing one's path, the number 13 being unlucky, and walking under a ladder. The document concludes by noting superstitious traditions exist even in developed countries.
Superstitions in indian culture
This document discusses superstitions in Indian culture. It defines superstition as an irrational belief arising from suspicion or fear, as well as rituals and ceremonies to avoid bad luck according to urban legends. The document then provides examples of common superstitions in India related to things like cats, brooms, crows cawing, sneezing before leaving, and which direction one's head faces while sleeping. It notes that superstitions can lead to hindrance in growth and the hereditary transfer of cultures. The conclusion is that superstitions impact society and their eradication through out of box thinking is expected.
Recommended
Superstition
The document discusses the meaning, origin and examples of superstitions. It also covers how superstitions have been marketed for gold and explores both the positive and negative effects of superstitions. Finally, it looks at eradicating superstitions.
Superstition
Superstitions are irrational beliefs arising from fear that lead people to engage in certain rituals and ceremonies according to urban legends to avoid bad luck. They originate from beliefs formed in childhood and represent mankind's fears. Common good luck superstitions include horseshoes, four leaf clovers, while black cats, dogs howling at night, and crows are seen as signs of bad luck. Superstitions can impact perceptions of success or failure by associating ideas with the supernatural. To overcome superstitions, one should adopt a more optimistic and rational approach by being scientific rather than superstitious.
Indian Superstitions
The document summarizes several common superstitions in India and provides rational explanations for their origins. It explains that opening an umbrella indoors was discouraged due to potential safety hazards from metal spokes, and hanging lemons and chilies in shops was a method of pest control. It also discusses superstitions around cutting nails at night stemming from lack of light, and bats bringing death being related to diseases they can transmit. In general, many superstitions arose from misunderstandings or a lack of scientific knowledge, though continue to influence some communities today.
SUPERSTITIOUS BELIEFS
This document provides an overview of superstitious beliefs, including:
- Defining superstition and exploring its history and origins.
- Classifying different types of superstitions like good luck vs. bad luck beliefs.
- Highlighting some of the most common superstitions in India and around the world.
- Presenting survey results that found over 60% of Indian employees hold superstitious beliefs.
- Discussing some real-world harms of superstition, like hundreds of women being murdered under accusations of witchcraft.
SUPERSTITIONS
This document discusses superstitions, which are beliefs not based on reason that certain events bring good or bad luck. It provides examples of common superstitions like black cats being bad luck and four-leaf clovers being good luck. The document also explores superstitions in different cultures like the UK, Italy, China, and Japan. It notes that while superstitions have existed for centuries, specific superstitions change over time as societies modernize and scientific understanding increases. The document concludes that increasing education in science and rational thinking can help reduce superstitious beliefs.
Superstition
The document lists several common superstitions and beliefs, including that stepping on a crack will break your mother's back, a black cat crossing your path brings bad luck, and breaking a mirror results in seven years of bad luck. It also mentions knocking on wood for good luck, saying "God bless you" after sneezes, and carrying a four-leaf clover or horseshoe for luck. The superstitions originate from different cultures and eras and represent irrational beliefs that certain objects or actions can influence outcomes beyond one's control.
Superstitions
This document discusses superstitions. It begins by defining superstition as beliefs not based on reason that thousands still hold, often stemming from ignorance or a fearful mind. Two types of superstitions are then described: good luck and bad luck. Examples of common good luck superstitions include crossing fingers, seeing a white cat, and blowing out candles in one breath. Bad luck superstitions include a black cat crossing one's path, the number 13 being unlucky, and walking under a ladder. The document concludes by noting superstitious traditions exist even in developed countries.
Superstitions in indian culture
This document discusses superstitions in Indian culture. It defines superstition as an irrational belief arising from suspicion or fear, as well as rituals and ceremonies to avoid bad luck according to urban legends. The document then provides examples of common superstitions in India related to things like cats, brooms, crows cawing, sneezing before leaving, and which direction one's head faces while sleeping. It notes that superstitions can lead to hindrance in growth and the hereditary transfer of cultures. The conclusion is that superstitions impact society and their eradication through out of box thinking is expected.
Superstitions
Superstitions are irrational beliefs, especially regarding the unknown. The document lists several common superstitions such as breaking a mirror bringing 7 years of bad luck, walking under a ladder being unlucky, and keeping your fingers crossed for good luck. On St. Valentine's Day, seeing certain birds is believed to predict a girl's future husband - a dove means a man with a golden heart, a sparrow a poor but happy husband, and an owl that she will never marry. The color someone is married in is also thought to influence their future - white is a good choice but black, red or pink could lead to misfortune.
Superstition in paediatrics
The document discusses various superstitions related to pregnancy and childbirth that are commonly believed in India. It describes superstitions around foods to avoid during pregnancy like papayas or mangoes due to beliefs they cause contractions. Other pregnancy superstitions mentioned include not cutting your hair or crossing your legs. The document also discusses various rituals and practices performed during pregnancy in Hindu families to protect the mother and unborn baby from evil spirits.
Superstitions
This document discusses various superstitions from around the world. It begins by defining superstitions as irrational beliefs associated with mysterious forces that were thought to bring good or bad luck. The origins of many superstitions can be traced back to ancient times when people lacked scientific understanding. The document then provides examples of popular good luck superstitions like horseshoes and ladybugs as well as bad luck superstitions such as black cats and the number 13. It explores the cultural symbolism and origins behind several common superstitious beliefs.
The problem of evil
This document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the concept of evil. It begins by outlining the deductive argument from evil, which argues that the existence of evil is logically incompatible with the existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, and perfectly good God. It then examines various theories that have attempted to resolve this incompatibility, such as the idea that some evils may be logically necessary for greater goods. The document also analyzes different formulations of the problem of evil, like axiological and deontological approaches. Finally, it explores specific theories of evil proposed by philosophers and thinkers like Kant, Arendt, and various dualist and privation theories.
Indian superstition
What is superstition?TYPES OF SUPERSTITONS.
PROBLEMS OF SUPERSTITIONS IN INDIAEFFECTS OF SUPERSTITION
Superstitions
Superstitions
Folk Belief & Facts...
Outline...
What are Superstitions ??
Why we call it “ FOLK BELIEF” ??
Why we believe in Superstitions ??
Superstitions & their Origins.
Superstitions in PAKISTAN.
Effect of Superstitions in our everyday Life.
Superstitions & ISLAM.
How to get rid of Superstitions ??
What is Superstition ???
Came from Latin word “ superstitio “ meaning
“standing over a thing in amazement or awe “ .
Superstition is a credulous belief or notion, not based on reason or knowledge, particularly the belief that future events can be foretold by specific unrelated prior events
Why we call it “ FOLK BELIEF” ??
They explain the unexplainable.
They are based on the fear of abnormal.
They reflects our desire to have some power over our destinies.
They reflect a desire to have the universe make sense , to se a cause-effect relations between events.
Why we believe in Superstitions ??
In a way, it is a sign of acceptance of our ignorance and limitations of our power.
a wrong idea about external reality.
It’s a belief based on fear and ignorance.
Irrational fear of what is unknown or mysterious.
Superstitions & their Origins.
Broken MIRRORS
Black CATS
The No. 13th
Spilling SALT
Itching PALM
Crossing FINGERS
Blessing Someone Who SNEEZED
The custom of showering RICE
Walking Under a LADDER
Broken MIRRORS
“Breaking a Mirror Brings Seven Years Bad luck”.
The superstition regarding breaking mirrors goes back to ancient Rome.The Romans were the first to create glass mirrors.They believed the mirror had the power to confiscate a part of the user’s soul.If a person’s reflected image became distorted in any way this could mean a corruption in his or her soul.
"The true reason that breaking a mirror was 7 years bad luck is because when mirrors were first made they were so expensive that if you broke on you would serve 7 years as an indentured servant to the owner of the mirror because not too many people could afford to buy another one to replace it."
Black CATS Crossing your path
As one version of the belief goes, if a black cat crosses your path, bad luck will befall you.
In ancient Egypt, the Goddess Bast was a black, female cat. Christians, wanting to rid society of all traces of other religions, convinced the ignorant that black cats were demons in disguise and should thus be destroyed. In the process, they also destroyed the kindly women who cared for the cats, believing them to be witches.
Being demons, a black cat crossing your path would create a barrier of evil, cutting you off from God and blocking the entrance to heaven.
Crossing FINGERS
superstitions
The document discusses various superstitions from different cultures and perspectives. It examines superstitions from India, Japan, and other countries. The document also explores different views on superstition, including seeing it as primitive science, adventitious reinforcement through conditioning, or as reflecting biased cognitive heuristics. Overall, the document provides a wide-ranging overview of cultural superstitions and analyzes superstition from scientific perspectives.
Superstition in india 54
1. Hindus believe that cutting nails and hair on Saturdays brings bad luck because Saturday is ruled by the planet Saturn, which brings misfortune.
2. There is a superstition that if a black cat crosses your path, your tasks for the day will get delayed or postponed.
3. Many buildings omit the 13th floor since ancient Christianity considered the number 13 to be unlucky.
Women and law
Women's status in ancient India was subordinate to men in the patriarchal society. During the Vedic period, women had more rights and freedom but their status deteriorated in the post-Vedic period with the rise of practices like sati, child marriage, and denial of inheritance. Under British rule, social reformers campaigned for women's rights and sati was banned in 1829. Post-independence, the constitution granted women equality but patriarchal attitudes persisted. Today, women are achieving success in all fields despite social challenges but true empowerment remains gradual.
Superstition
This document discusses superstitions in India. It defines superstition as beliefs based on fear of the unknown and faith in magic or luck. It provides many examples of common Indian superstitions related to animals, astrology, luck, food, and ghosts. The reasons behind some superstitions are that they were warnings to avoid danger in past times before modern conveniences. The document also mentions some acts passed to prevent harm from superstitious practices like child sacrifice and witch hunting. In conclusion, while superstitions are rooted in everyday customs, most engage in them without thinking and superstitions will always be part of human existence.
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This presentation discusses how ancient Babylonian mystery religions have influenced modern institutions like Christianity and new religious movements. It examines the founders and teachings of groups like the Jehovah's Witnesses, Christian Science, and Mormonism, noting similarities between their doctrines and symbols and those of esoteric traditions like Freemasonry and Gnosticism. The presentation suggests the founders of these groups, like Charles Taze Russell, Mary Baker Eddy, and Joseph Smith, had connections to Freemasonry and incorporated elements of the mystery religions into their teachings, such as the worship of a divine trinity, attainment of godhood through gnosis or secret knowledge, and an allegorical interpretation of scripture.
Scienc behind superstitions
This document discusses the science behind various common superstitions. It explains that while superstitions are beliefs about good or bad luck, science provides rational explanations. For example, throwing coins in water was thought to bring good luck, but copper coins contained a nutrient humans needed. Sleeping with one's head north was believed to invite ghosts, but is really due to differences between human and Earth's magnetic fields. Temple locations take advantage of places with high magnetic and electric wave activity. Solar eclipses were feared due to "bad rays", but really occur due to the moon's shadow. Overall, the document uses science to explain the reasoning behind popular superstitions.
Superstitions By M Amjad, Rimsha Riaz And Faiqa
This presentation discusses superstitions, which are beliefs not based on reason or knowledge. Some common superstitions are that breaking mirrors brings 7 years of bad luck, black cats crossing one's path means bad luck will befall you, and the number 13 is unlucky. The presentation explores the origins of these superstitions and others, examines their prevalence in Pakistani culture, and how they can impact people's everyday lives. It notes that superstitions go against Islamic teachings and encourages getting rid of them by practicing rational thinking and faith in Allah alone.
Do you believe in ghosts ppt
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Superstition in India
A Presentation on Superstition in India as a part of the course.
Class : MMS/MBA
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The document explores the reality of ghosts and clarifies common misconceptions. It discusses Islamic references to ghosts and the results of scientific research. Various theories of ghosts are presented, including the possibility that they are souls of the deceased, spirits from other dimensions, or types of jinn. The document seeks to distinguish facts from myths and analyze evidence-based versus non-evidence based theories of ghosts.
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Empiricist epistemology – Hume & Kant
David Hume believed that empiricism had not been fully and consistently applied. He argued that there are only analytic and synthetic propositions, and that synthetic propositions must be derived from sense data. However, concepts like God and causality cannot be traced to sense data, making them "nonsense" according to Hume. Hume also argued that the self is an illusion, as when we introspect we only find particular perceptions and not a continuous self. Immanuel Kant sought to address problems with both rationalism and empiricism by arguing that while knowledge comes from sense data, the mind structures and organizes this data using innate categories like unity and plurality.
Are you superstitious?
This is a teachers presentation about well known superstitions like walking under ladders and black cats etc.
SUPERSTITIONS IN THE UK
Superstitions are irrational beliefs, especially regarding the unknown. Some common British superstitions include touching wood to make a wish come true, having a horseshoe above the door for good luck, and saying "white rabbits" on the first day of the month for luck. Other superstitions regard certain numbers, days of the week, mirrors, salt, and umbrellas as unlucky. There are also many superstitions related to food, cutlery, weddings, animals, and birds. Superstitions were once widely believed to influence luck, life events, and avoid misfortune.
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Superstitions
Superstitions are irrational beliefs, especially regarding the unknown. The document lists several common superstitions such as breaking a mirror bringing 7 years of bad luck, walking under a ladder being unlucky, and keeping your fingers crossed for good luck. On St. Valentine's Day, seeing certain birds is believed to predict a girl's future husband - a dove means a man with a golden heart, a sparrow a poor but happy husband, and an owl that she will never marry. The color someone is married in is also thought to influence their future - white is a good choice but black, red or pink could lead to misfortune.
Superstition in paediatrics
The document discusses various superstitions related to pregnancy and childbirth that are commonly believed in India. It describes superstitions around foods to avoid during pregnancy like papayas or mangoes due to beliefs they cause contractions. Other pregnancy superstitions mentioned include not cutting your hair or crossing your legs. The document also discusses various rituals and practices performed during pregnancy in Hindu families to protect the mother and unborn baby from evil spirits.
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This document discusses various superstitions from around the world. It begins by defining superstitions as irrational beliefs associated with mysterious forces that were thought to bring good or bad luck. The origins of many superstitions can be traced back to ancient times when people lacked scientific understanding. The document then provides examples of popular good luck superstitions like horseshoes and ladybugs as well as bad luck superstitions such as black cats and the number 13. It explores the cultural symbolism and origins behind several common superstitious beliefs.
The problem of evil
This document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the concept of evil. It begins by outlining the deductive argument from evil, which argues that the existence of evil is logically incompatible with the existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, and perfectly good God. It then examines various theories that have attempted to resolve this incompatibility, such as the idea that some evils may be logically necessary for greater goods. The document also analyzes different formulations of the problem of evil, like axiological and deontological approaches. Finally, it explores specific theories of evil proposed by philosophers and thinkers like Kant, Arendt, and various dualist and privation theories.
Indian superstition
What is superstition?TYPES OF SUPERSTITONS.
PROBLEMS OF SUPERSTITIONS IN INDIAEFFECTS OF SUPERSTITION
Superstitions
Superstitions
Folk Belief & Facts...
Outline...
What are Superstitions ??
Why we call it “ FOLK BELIEF” ??
Why we believe in Superstitions ??
Superstitions & their Origins.
Superstitions in PAKISTAN.
Effect of Superstitions in our everyday Life.
Superstitions & ISLAM.
How to get rid of Superstitions ??
What is Superstition ???
Came from Latin word “ superstitio “ meaning
“standing over a thing in amazement or awe “ .
Superstition is a credulous belief or notion, not based on reason or knowledge, particularly the belief that future events can be foretold by specific unrelated prior events
Why we call it “ FOLK BELIEF” ??
They explain the unexplainable.
They are based on the fear of abnormal.
They reflects our desire to have some power over our destinies.
They reflect a desire to have the universe make sense , to se a cause-effect relations between events.
Why we believe in Superstitions ??
In a way, it is a sign of acceptance of our ignorance and limitations of our power.
a wrong idea about external reality.
It’s a belief based on fear and ignorance.
Irrational fear of what is unknown or mysterious.
Superstitions & their Origins.
Broken MIRRORS
Black CATS
The No. 13th
Spilling SALT
Itching PALM
Crossing FINGERS
Blessing Someone Who SNEEZED
The custom of showering RICE
Walking Under a LADDER
Broken MIRRORS
“Breaking a Mirror Brings Seven Years Bad luck”.
The superstition regarding breaking mirrors goes back to ancient Rome.The Romans were the first to create glass mirrors.They believed the mirror had the power to confiscate a part of the user’s soul.If a person’s reflected image became distorted in any way this could mean a corruption in his or her soul.
"The true reason that breaking a mirror was 7 years bad luck is because when mirrors were first made they were so expensive that if you broke on you would serve 7 years as an indentured servant to the owner of the mirror because not too many people could afford to buy another one to replace it."
Black CATS Crossing your path
As one version of the belief goes, if a black cat crosses your path, bad luck will befall you.
In ancient Egypt, the Goddess Bast was a black, female cat. Christians, wanting to rid society of all traces of other religions, convinced the ignorant that black cats were demons in disguise and should thus be destroyed. In the process, they also destroyed the kindly women who cared for the cats, believing them to be witches.
Being demons, a black cat crossing your path would create a barrier of evil, cutting you off from God and blocking the entrance to heaven.
Crossing FINGERS
superstitions
The document discusses various superstitions from different cultures and perspectives. It examines superstitions from India, Japan, and other countries. The document also explores different views on superstition, including seeing it as primitive science, adventitious reinforcement through conditioning, or as reflecting biased cognitive heuristics. Overall, the document provides a wide-ranging overview of cultural superstitions and analyzes superstition from scientific perspectives.
Superstition in india 54
1. Hindus believe that cutting nails and hair on Saturdays brings bad luck because Saturday is ruled by the planet Saturn, which brings misfortune.
2. There is a superstition that if a black cat crosses your path, your tasks for the day will get delayed or postponed.
3. Many buildings omit the 13th floor since ancient Christianity considered the number 13 to be unlucky.
Women and law
Women's status in ancient India was subordinate to men in the patriarchal society. During the Vedic period, women had more rights and freedom but their status deteriorated in the post-Vedic period with the rise of practices like sati, child marriage, and denial of inheritance. Under British rule, social reformers campaigned for women's rights and sati was banned in 1829. Post-independence, the constitution granted women equality but patriarchal attitudes persisted. Today, women are achieving success in all fields despite social challenges but true empowerment remains gradual.
Superstition
This document discusses superstitions in India. It defines superstition as beliefs based on fear of the unknown and faith in magic or luck. It provides many examples of common Indian superstitions related to animals, astrology, luck, food, and ghosts. The reasons behind some superstitions are that they were warnings to avoid danger in past times before modern conveniences. The document also mentions some acts passed to prevent harm from superstitious practices like child sacrifice and witch hunting. In conclusion, while superstitions are rooted in everyday customs, most engage in them without thinking and superstitions will always be part of human existence.
The Sacred and the Profane
How are the sacred and the profane seen in the world—and in religion? Are they separate or intertwined? Here are the views of Emile Durkheim, Rudolf Otto, Father Greeley, Peter Berger and others.
Cults and Esoterica
This presentation discusses how ancient Babylonian mystery religions have influenced modern institutions like Christianity and new religious movements. It examines the founders and teachings of groups like the Jehovah's Witnesses, Christian Science, and Mormonism, noting similarities between their doctrines and symbols and those of esoteric traditions like Freemasonry and Gnosticism. The presentation suggests the founders of these groups, like Charles Taze Russell, Mary Baker Eddy, and Joseph Smith, had connections to Freemasonry and incorporated elements of the mystery religions into their teachings, such as the worship of a divine trinity, attainment of godhood through gnosis or secret knowledge, and an allegorical interpretation of scripture.
Scienc behind superstitions
This document discusses the science behind various common superstitions. It explains that while superstitions are beliefs about good or bad luck, science provides rational explanations. For example, throwing coins in water was thought to bring good luck, but copper coins contained a nutrient humans needed. Sleeping with one's head north was believed to invite ghosts, but is really due to differences between human and Earth's magnetic fields. Temple locations take advantage of places with high magnetic and electric wave activity. Solar eclipses were feared due to "bad rays", but really occur due to the moon's shadow. Overall, the document uses science to explain the reasoning behind popular superstitions.
Superstitions By M Amjad, Rimsha Riaz And Faiqa
This presentation discusses superstitions, which are beliefs not based on reason or knowledge. Some common superstitions are that breaking mirrors brings 7 years of bad luck, black cats crossing one's path means bad luck will befall you, and the number 13 is unlucky. The presentation explores the origins of these superstitions and others, examines their prevalence in Pakistani culture, and how they can impact people's everyday lives. It notes that superstitions go against Islamic teachings and encourages getting rid of them by practicing rational thinking and faith in Allah alone.
Do you believe in ghosts ppt
The document discusses ghosts and the paranormal from various perspectives. It defines what a ghost is, describes different types of ghosts, and discusses feelings and places that ghosts are often encountered. It also examines some scientific explanations for ghost sightings, such as ions, carbon monoxide poisoning, and electrical stimulation of the brain. While some view ghosts as unexplained phenomena, science suggests that many ghost sightings may have natural explanations rooted in human psychology or environmental factors. The document presents information both supporting and questioning the existence of ghosts.
Superstition in India
A Presentation on Superstition in India as a part of the course.
Class : MMS/MBA
Semester : 1
Subject : Business Communication
Ghost
The document explores the reality of ghosts and clarifies common misconceptions. It discusses Islamic references to ghosts and the results of scientific research. Various theories of ghosts are presented, including the possibility that they are souls of the deceased, spirits from other dimensions, or types of jinn. The document seeks to distinguish facts from myths and analyze evidence-based versus non-evidence based theories of ghosts.
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Our PPT name is Digital Dilemma which is divided into 4 parts. Social Media, Cyber Crimes In India, Solutions to prevent from cyber crime, & How to register a complaint against cybercrime.
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This document summarizes information about black magic, including its history and religious views, how it is done and its techniques, symptoms, consequences, and protections. It discusses black magic in Pakistan specifically, noting that amils claim expertise in it and that illiteracy, women's behavior, and jealousy contribute to its practice there. The document contains sections on the introduction, history, religious beliefs, who believes in it and who doesn't, reasons and times for doing it, techniques, symptoms, consequences and protections, its occurrence in Pakistan, and conclusions.
Empiricist epistemology – Hume & Kant
David Hume believed that empiricism had not been fully and consistently applied. He argued that there are only analytic and synthetic propositions, and that synthetic propositions must be derived from sense data. However, concepts like God and causality cannot be traced to sense data, making them "nonsense" according to Hume. Hume also argued that the self is an illusion, as when we introspect we only find particular perceptions and not a continuous self. Immanuel Kant sought to address problems with both rationalism and empiricism by arguing that while knowledge comes from sense data, the mind structures and organizes this data using innate categories like unity and plurality.
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Are you superstitious?
This is a teachers presentation about well known superstitions like walking under ladders and black cats etc.
SUPERSTITIONS IN THE UK
Superstitions are irrational beliefs, especially regarding the unknown. Some common British superstitions include touching wood to make a wish come true, having a horseshoe above the door for good luck, and saying "white rabbits" on the first day of the month for luck. Other superstitions regard certain numbers, days of the week, mirrors, salt, and umbrellas as unlucky. There are also many superstitions related to food, cutlery, weddings, animals, and birds. Superstitions were once widely believed to influence luck, life events, and avoid misfortune.
Superstitions in the UK
This document summarizes various superstitions in the UK related to good luck, bad luck, food, tables, animals, and numbers. Some examples given are that it is considered lucky to meet a black cat or touch wood, while it is unlucky to break a mirror or open an umbrella indoors. Food superstitions include pushing a spoon through a boiled egg shell to let the devil out. Table superstitions relate dropping cutlery to future visitors. Animal superstitions deem bats or peacock feathers in the home as bad omens.
BRITISH SUPERSTITIONS
British superstitions involve both good and bad luck beliefs, such as meeting a black cat being considered good luck while walking under a ladder is thought to bring bad luck. Some common superstitions are that finding a four-leaf clover or having a horseshoe above a door brings good luck, while spilling salt, opening an umbrella indoors, or seeing a single magpie are signs of bad luck. Wedding superstitions include not wearing the full wedding outfit before the ceremony and the bride wearing something old, new, borrowed and blue for good fortune.
Unit 1, Lesson 1.7 - The Scientific Method (Part One)
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Superstitions between Hungarian and Turkish cultures
This document compares and contrasts superstitions in Hungarian and Turkish cultures. Both cultures believe that walking under ladders, breaking mirrors, knocking on wood, and black cats crossing one's path bring bad luck. They also think four-leaf clovers, horseshoes, and birthday wishes bring good fortune. Some differences are that Hungarians see Friday the 13th as unlucky while Turks think cutting nails at night is unlucky. Both have superstitions related to children's growth and development. Hungarians believe sneezes confirm truths while Turks use evil eye beads for protection.
Superstitions
This document discusses various superstitions from around the world. It provides examples of superstitions from countries like Greece, the UK, Ireland, Italy, China, Japan, Moldova, Russia, Spain, Venezuela, India, and Eastern Europe. Some common superstitions mentioned include black cats being bad luck, breaking mirrors meaning bad luck, and opening umbrellas indoors bringing bad fortune. The document also lists positive and negative traits associated with each zodiac sign. It concludes by noting that while civilization progresses, superstitions remain ingrained in human nature.
Polish beliefs & superstitions
According to Polish beliefs and superstitions, black cats crossing one's path, walking under ladders, and breaking mirrors are all considered bad luck and will bring misfortune. Spilling salt must be removed by spilling it over the left arm three times. Dreams are also thought to have meanings - dreaming of losing teeth means finding love or illness/accidents for loved ones, while dreaming of coins means future wealth and prosperity.
Science & superstition
This presentation discusses several common Hindu superstitions in India and attempts to provide logical explanations for their origins. It explains that throwing coins in wells and rivers was originally done to increase copper intake for health benefits. Using lemon and chili is argued to have stemmed from their vitamin content and health properties. The practice of plastering floors with cow dung likely began as a way to repel insects without commercial disinfectants. Hanging a horseshoe is traced back to beliefs about the magical properties of iron and its crescent shape. Overall, many superstitions are said to have begun as practical traditions that over time became rituals followed out of habit rather than their original purpose.
The science of organizational change - summary and chapter description
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Superstitions around the world
Many ancient and modern superstitions are discussed in the document. It is commonly believed that certain events or objects can bring bad or good luck. Some ancient peoples thought that specific natural phenomena had supernatural causes. Even today, some hold superstitious beliefs handed down over many years. The document examines both unlucky and lucky superstitions around the world.
Superstitious
This document discusses various types of superstitions and questions related to superstitious beliefs. It defines predictive, causative, and conversion superstitions. It also lists several questions about topics like reincarnation, witches, UFOs, black magic, werewolves, ghosts, Friday the 13th, and black cats. For each question, it provides a brief summarized overview of the different perspectives expressed by members of the thinkquest website.
Hindu Marriage
This document provides an overview of Hindu marriage traditions in 3 paragraphs. It begins by defining marriage as the best relationship between a male and female according to Hindus. It then explains the different kinds of Hindu marriages, including arranged marriages like Brama and love marriages like Gandharva. It lists the 8 main types of marriages and provides 1-2 sentence descriptions of each. Finally, it outlines some of the key ceremonies that are part of the Hindu marriage process, including exchanging garlands and circling the fire pit seven times.
New years superstition
Slave owners in South Carolina and Georgia introduced black-eyed peas as a crop from West Africa to make money from rice and black-eyed pea production. After emancipation, black-eyed peas became a hopeful New Year's dish for African Americans, along with greens which symbolized wealth and prosperity due to their green color representing Africa's land in the Pan-Africanist movement. Cornbread also became part of the New Year's tradition as it originated from a popular West and Central African dish called fufu that slaves modified in America.
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Superstition Dr. Shriniwas Kashalikar
Beliefs of some kind are a natural and necessary part of human existence. They provide emotional solace and determine our behavior. While intellectual and scientific beliefs expand our horizons, they are still limited by our sensory experiences. All people, including scientists and philosophers, rely on beliefs and convictions to cope with uncertainty and live sanely. True freedom from dogmas and superstitions comes from self-realization, which can be achieved through practices like NAMASMARAN that transcend the senses.
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Superstitions between Hungarian and Turkish cultures
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Here is a presentation detailing humanism and definition, origins, characteristics, commonness, and more. I created this as homework for my global perspectives class and presented it to the class. I hope this helps as inspiration or education.
Origins and Developement of Philosophy
This document provides an overview of the origins and developments of Western and Eastern philosophy. It discusses the following key points:
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- Eastern philosophies emerged in countries like India, China, and Japan. They are often woven with religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. Eastern philosophies emphasize harmony between people and nature.
- Key figures who influenced Western philosophy include Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Descartes, and Marx. Eastern philosophies include Hinduism
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- Medieval philosophy was theocentric and focused on salvation and the afterlife rather than scientific investigation, as Western philosophers turned to Christian doctrines during the decline of Greco-Roman civilization. Prominent medieval philosophers included St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, St. Bonaventure, and St. Anselm.
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Humanism emerged in 14th century Europe and emphasized human interests, achievements, and dignity rather than deities. It influenced literature, with humanists studying classical works, and art, which became more secular in theme. A key idea was expressed by Pico della Mirandola, who said humans can choose their fate due to being created in God's image, in contrast to predetermined religious doctrine. Humanism marked a significant intellectual movement that promoted new ways of thinking.
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Humanism is a philosophy that originated in the Renaissance which emphasizes reason, science, human dignity and agency over religious dogma or supernatural explanations. There are several types of humanism including secular, Christian, cultural and modern humanism. Humanism had its roots in ancient Greece and Rome and was a reaction against the dominance of the Church during the Middle Ages, seeking to revive interest in ancient thought. It views humans as rational beings capable of determining truth through reason and experience rather than religious principles.
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Religion has developed naturally over time from early forms like animism and shamanism to more complex modern religions. Early humans may have practiced animal worship and had religious beliefs as early as 300,000 years ago based on burial sites. Religion progressed through stages including animism, polytheism, henotheism, and monotheism. The five major world religions today are Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism, with Judaism being one of the earliest monotheistic faiths based on teachings from the Torah and belief in one God.
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This document provides an introduction to a new theory that religion is best understood as systematic anthropomorphism - the attribution of human characteristics to nonhuman things or events. The theory holds that we anthropomorphize because it is an effective perceptual strategy to interpret the world's ambiguities in terms of the most significant possibilities, which are usually human-related. While some anthropomorphic interpretations prove mistaken, the strategy is justified because correct identifications of actual humans provide great benefits. The book aims to show that religion constitutes a form of widespread and compelling anthropomorphism, and to explain why anthropomorphism occurs through analysis and evidence from fields like cognitive science. It argues existing theories of religion are inadequate because they do not identify or explain the underlying thought processes involvedHistory and philosophy of science
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This document provides an overview of humanism during the Renaissance era. It defines humanism as an intellectual movement that focused on education, classical learning, and the dignity of man. Key aspects discussed include the emphasis on secularism and reason over religion, the influence of classical Greek and Roman thinkers, and the focus on man as an individual. The document also examines the rise of humanism through important figures like Petrarch and Erasmus, and how it spread and took on different forms in places like Florence, Rome, and England.
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Medieval philosophy
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Shifting Paradigms in the Study of Personality: A Retrospective Survey of Wes...
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The birth of the Renaissance movement in the West ushered the scholars as well
as the masses into a broader perspective of learning and knowledge seeking. The spirit
of the Renaissance paved the way forward for scholars to gain freedom of speech and
liberation from their old mindset. Europe that was bursting with new philosophical and
scientific ideas also gave its people a wide range of perspectives in understanding man
and personality. Secularism and modernism that came as a result of the Renaissance
movement caused a shift in the understanding on man and his personality from a religious
to a scientific one. In this study, the researchers would like to venture into the
areas of man and personality from the Western perspective. Very precisely, the researchers
would like to conduct a survey on the shifting paradigms in the field of Western
psychology, pertaining to the study on man and personality. Upon performing the
survey, the researchers would like to identify and analyze the underlying factors that
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did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingCytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
This presentation covers the content and information on "Cytokines " and their role in immune regulation .
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
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History & superstition
- 1. History & Superstition Asst. Prof. Sandeep Kulkarni Dept. of Environmental Studies
- 2. History &
- 3. Superstition Different meanings in different cultures and epochs. Opposite of something praiseworthy— usually true religion or true science. The word originates with the ancient Romans, as opposite of religion (Like Judaism & Christianity) The conversion of the Roman Empire to Christianity in 4th century and the growing Christianization of Roman institutions led by the fifth century to Roman laws referring to all non- Christian religions as "superstition."
- 4. Origin & now Hume claimed that superstition originated in the fear of the unknowns to protect them. Superstition sprang from excessive fear, enthusiasm from excessive confidence. "Superstition lives longer than books; it is engrafted on the human mind till it becomes a part of its existence; and is carried from generation to generation.
- 5. The human sciences that emerged in the 9th century considered superstition as part of their subject matter. Anthropologists & folklorists collected, analyzed them while psychologists sought the root of superstition in the human mind. Superstition in the modern era is less likely to be contrasted with true religion and more likely to be viewed as the opposite of science, reason, or modernity. Campaigns to abolish superstition have continued but have not usually been motivated by interest in purifying religion.
- 6. SHABBAT ELEVATORS – REST ON SATURDAY
- 8. SATURDAY OIL PRESSERS SABBATH
- 10. SPILLING SALT
- 11. KNOCK THE WOOD
- 13. CROSSED FINGERS
- 14. HORSE SHOE
- 15. BROKEN MIRROR
- 16. SNEEZE
- 17. OPEN UMBRELLA
- 18. WALKING UNDER THE LADDER
- 19. Some thoughts: •Why ? •When ? •How ? •Where ? •What can be done to be rational ? •Research, Learning, Education, Training.