SlideShare a Scribd company logo
A  Brief History  of  Audio in Film
T he Coming of Sound in the film industry L ate 1920 completed a decade of significant changes in the Film Industry L ead innovators included Warner Brothers Pictures and Fox Film Corporation A ll companies moved en masse to convert to sound before and during 1930 B y 1931 all Hollywood movies were “talkies”. T he Coming of sound leads to one of the more lucrative ears in U.S. movie history I t took about 30 years to go from film with no sound, to the complete integration of sound technology across the film business.
S ound Technology = Film Profit T hree phases of Technology I nvention I nnovation D iffusion
S ound for Film - Early Major Events 1 890  - beginnings of experiments in combining phonograph records with moving pictures 1 895  - Thomas Edison introduced the  Kinetophone  (non sync musical background sound only) 1 902  - Leon Gaumont introduced the  Chronophone  in France ( one of the first attempts a sync sound) T he  Chronophone  linked 2 phonographs to a film projector by a series of cables. A dial adjusted the speed and synchronization of the film. 1 913  - Gaumont offered a new improved mechanism utilizing an advanced compressed air system for amplification and a slightly improved sync capability. L ike Edison and Gaumont, other inventors and companies had very limited success since no one had truly solved the 3 major problems of sound for film. 1 . Cost 2 . Amplification 3 . Synchronization  1 877  - first recorded sound by Thomas Edison
S ound for Film - Early Major Events 1 913  - Edison announces the second coming  of the  Kinetophone -  This time it worked.  This time, the sound was made to synchronize with a  motion picture projected onto a screen. A celluloid cylinder record measuring 5 1/2" in diameter was used for the  phonograph. Synchronization was achieved by connecting the projector at one end of the theater and the phonograph  at the other end with a long pulley. N ineteen talking pictures were produced in 1913 by Edison, but by 1915 he had abandoned sound motion pictures.  There were several reasons for this. First, union rules stipulated that local union projectionists had to operate the  Kinetophones, even though they hadn't been trained properly in its use. This led to many instances where synchronization  was not achieved, causing audience dissatisfaction. The method of synchronization used was still less than perfect,  and breaks in the film would cause the motion picture to get out of step with the phonograph record. The dissolution of the  Motion Picture Patents Corp. in 1915 may also have contributed to Edison's departure from sound films, since this act  deprived him of patent protection for his motion picture inventions. S uccess was closer, but 2 problems still existed 1 . Cost 2 . Amplification
S ound for Film - Early Major Events 1 927  - It wasn't until the film industry noticed that their boundless profits were slipping in 1927 - 1928  that they again turned toward the commercially novel technology of sound for films. At least in America… In Europe things were progressing nicely. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],S uccess was closer, but 2 problems still existed 1 . Cost 2 . Amplification
Sound for Film - Early Major Events .   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],By the early 1900’s the synchronization issue,  far from over, had at least been accomplished.  But we still need to resolve the volume of playback in the theatre and reduce the cost of implementation. 1904 - Daniel Higham  practiced his invention of the mechanical friction amplifier. Known as the  Higham-A-Phone reproducer . His design utilized a rosin wheel and friction shoe with a tensile link to the reproducing diaphragm resulting in very loud mechanical amplification. Columbia immediately snapped up Higham's design in 1904. Columbia used this amplifier in their top-of-the-line Twentieth Century Graphophone that was produced from 1905 till 1908. 1908  - In America,  E.E. Norton  invented the  Cameraphone , and with James A. Whitman and attorney Francis Fitch founded the Cameraphone Company. They began leasing equipment to exhibitors. Cameraphone's Norton, because of his Columbia connection, was intimately knowledgeable with this design and naturally applied it to motion picture sound reproduction.   AMPLIFICATION problem resolved Success was still closer, but 1 problem still existed 1.  Cost
Sound for Film - Early Major Events .   1911-1919  - Western Electric develops along with  Lee DeForest  a method or recording and reproducing sound electronically on disc. Western Electric Buought the rights to the use of the Audio for amplifying the phonographic sound.  1921   - DeForest  improves the method of recording sound on film and patents a new invention he calls the phonofilm.  1926  -  Warner Bros . contracts with the AT&T method of sound with film and releases its first sound with film pictures using a system dubbed the  Vitaphone .  1926  - Don Juan, released in 1926 was the first film to include music on an amplified sound- track. 1927  -The Jazz Singer featuring Al Jolson is released by Warner Bros. Not an immediate hit in New York, but it gained long-lasting fame when it moved into America's heartland. It was rebooked in 1928 in New York and grossed $100,000 a week.  1927  -Fox Film Corporation works with a new AT&T development - sound on film. Fox uses this system to produce newsreels which would play prior to feature films at theatres.The first big publicity coups was the flight of Charles Lindbergh across the Atlantic. Also memorable was the capturing of the explosion of the Hindenburg. These newsreel shorts became known as the Movietone News.
Sound for Film - Early Major Events .   Mass Production and Lower cost implementations resolved the last problem. Sound for Film was now cost effective and making film companies more money than ever! May 1928  - the major film companies (Paramount, Loews/MGM, First National and United Artists) sign with AT&T to produce pictures with sound on film despite the introduction of a competing format developed by RCA. End of 1920s  - only a few theatres in America's largest cities continued to maintain a house orchestra and organist. 1928 -- Warner Bros. releases The Singing Fool -- again starring Al Jolson. Tickets for the first night were $11.00. "Sonny Boy" and "There's a Rainbow 'Round My Shoulder" from the film became the first million selling record of the "talkie" era. The Singing Fool cost $200,000 to produce but drew an unprecedented $5,000,000.

More Related Content

What's hot

History of Music Videos
History of Music VideosHistory of Music Videos
History of Music VideosLarelleShay
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
judebirdx
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
BethVannet
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
BethVannet
 
A brief overview of the history of music
A  brief overview of the history of musicA  brief overview of the history of music
A brief overview of the history of music
chelsea1234
 
Art of Music Sampling
Art of Music SamplingArt of Music Sampling
Art of Music Sampling
Andrew Chando Yu
 
2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_b
2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_b2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_b
2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_bDoc Searls
 
Presentation1
Presentation1Presentation1
Presentation1
Sumbul Khan
 
History of the music video
History of the music videoHistory of the music video
History of the music video
TylerSimmons97
 
History of the music video
History of the music videoHistory of the music video
History of the music video
TylerSimmons97
 
Trent Reznor presentation
Trent Reznor presentationTrent Reznor presentation
Trent Reznor presentationtua92031
 
How Tech Changed The Music
How Tech Changed The MusicHow Tech Changed The Music
How Tech Changed The Music
Sonya Sokolova
 
Capitol records (Task 2)
Capitol records (Task 2)Capitol records (Task 2)
Capitol records (Task 2)
Jasminep_media
 
Music timeline
Music timelineMusic timeline
Music timeline
JJMurtagh5799
 
History of the music video
History of the music videoHistory of the music video
History of the music video
TylerSimmons97
 
The history of the music video
The history of the music videoThe history of the music video
The history of the music video
abbybray98
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
A2 Media
 
Music video history
Music video history Music video history
Music video history
evielittlewood0
 
History of Music Videos
History of Music VideosHistory of Music Videos
History of Music Videos
BrettMooreG321
 

What's hot (19)

History of Music Videos
History of Music VideosHistory of Music Videos
History of Music Videos
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
 
A brief overview of the history of music
A  brief overview of the history of musicA  brief overview of the history of music
A brief overview of the history of music
 
Art of Music Sampling
Art of Music SamplingArt of Music Sampling
Art of Music Sampling
 
2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_b
2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_b2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_b
2009 08 04_chilling_vs_radio_b
 
Presentation1
Presentation1Presentation1
Presentation1
 
History of the music video
History of the music videoHistory of the music video
History of the music video
 
History of the music video
History of the music videoHistory of the music video
History of the music video
 
Trent Reznor presentation
Trent Reznor presentationTrent Reznor presentation
Trent Reznor presentation
 
How Tech Changed The Music
How Tech Changed The MusicHow Tech Changed The Music
How Tech Changed The Music
 
Capitol records (Task 2)
Capitol records (Task 2)Capitol records (Task 2)
Capitol records (Task 2)
 
Music timeline
Music timelineMusic timeline
Music timeline
 
History of the music video
History of the music videoHistory of the music video
History of the music video
 
The history of the music video
The history of the music videoThe history of the music video
The history of the music video
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
 
Music video history
Music video history Music video history
Music video history
 
History of Music Videos
History of Music VideosHistory of Music Videos
History of Music Videos
 

Similar to History Of Film Sound Excerpt Original

Media industries and structure
Media industries and structureMedia industries and structure
Media industries and structure
Stacey Johnson
 
Timeline of the history of film and technology
Timeline of the history of film and technologyTimeline of the history of film and technology
Timeline of the history of film and technology
Mike Gunn
 
Film History Part 3 - REVISED
Film History Part 3 - REVISEDFilm History Part 3 - REVISED
Film History Part 3 - REVISED
John Grace
 
Audio Record History
Audio Record HistoryAudio Record History
Audio Record History
Gönül Canbay
 
History of camera tech week 5
History of camera tech   week 5 History of camera tech   week 5
History of camera tech week 5 Paul8989
 
Film history part 3
Film history part 3Film history part 3
Film history part 3
Scott Hernandez
 
Timeline of the technology and music industry
Timeline of the technology and music industryTimeline of the technology and music industry
Timeline of the technology and music industryBethandVicMedia
 
The Electric Age: Light and Motion
The Electric Age: Light and MotionThe Electric Age: Light and Motion
The Electric Age: Light and Motion
Mindy McAdams
 
History of record
History of recordHistory of record
History of recordmoushomi94
 
Music recordings
Music recordingsMusic recordings
Music recordings
martita98
 
The History of Cinema from early days.pptx
The History of Cinema from early days.pptxThe History of Cinema from early days.pptx
The History of Cinema from early days.pptx
AlexanderChyrvonyi
 
The history of editing
The history of editingThe history of editing
The history of editing
Rturner937
 
Motion Pictures: Historical perspective
Motion Pictures: Historical perspectiveMotion Pictures: Historical perspective
Motion Pictures: Historical perspective
K3 Hamilton
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
CallumReidBoi
 
Film History 3
Film History 3Film History 3
Film History 3
John Grace
 
Music industry research
Music industry researchMusic industry research
Music industry researchMnMProductions
 
Music video history
Music video historyMusic video history
Music video history
arnellgrace
 
A media term 1 blog revision notes
A media term 1 blog revision notesA media term 1 blog revision notes
A media term 1 blog revision notes
hasnmedia
 

Similar to History Of Film Sound Excerpt Original (20)

Media industries and structure
Media industries and structureMedia industries and structure
Media industries and structure
 
Timeline of the history of film and technology
Timeline of the history of film and technologyTimeline of the history of film and technology
Timeline of the history of film and technology
 
Film History Part 3 - REVISED
Film History Part 3 - REVISEDFilm History Part 3 - REVISED
Film History Part 3 - REVISED
 
Audio Record History
Audio Record HistoryAudio Record History
Audio Record History
 
History of camera tech week 5
History of camera tech   week 5 History of camera tech   week 5
History of camera tech week 5
 
Film history part 3
Film history part 3Film history part 3
Film history part 3
 
Timeline of the technology and music industry
Timeline of the technology and music industryTimeline of the technology and music industry
Timeline of the technology and music industry
 
The Electric Age: Light and Motion
The Electric Age: Light and MotionThe Electric Age: Light and Motion
The Electric Age: Light and Motion
 
History of record
History of recordHistory of record
History of record
 
ppt
pptppt
ppt
 
Music recordings
Music recordingsMusic recordings
Music recordings
 
The History of Cinema from early days.pptx
The History of Cinema from early days.pptxThe History of Cinema from early days.pptx
The History of Cinema from early days.pptx
 
#7 1930’s-
#7 1930’s-#7 1930’s-
#7 1930’s-
 
The history of editing
The history of editingThe history of editing
The history of editing
 
Motion Pictures: Historical perspective
Motion Pictures: Historical perspectiveMotion Pictures: Historical perspective
Motion Pictures: Historical perspective
 
History of music videos
History of music videosHistory of music videos
History of music videos
 
Film History 3
Film History 3Film History 3
Film History 3
 
Music industry research
Music industry researchMusic industry research
Music industry research
 
Music video history
Music video historyMusic video history
Music video history
 
A media term 1 blog revision notes
A media term 1 blog revision notesA media term 1 blog revision notes
A media term 1 blog revision notes
 

More from Jeff Francis

Edet793 screenlayout
Edet793 screenlayoutEdet793 screenlayout
Edet793 screenlayout
Jeff Francis
 
FMP Storyboard
FMP StoryboardFMP Storyboard
FMP Storyboard
Jeff Francis
 
365 digital basics after
365 digital basics after365 digital basics after
365 digital basics afterJeff Francis
 
365 digital basics before
365 digital basics before365 digital basics before
365 digital basics beforeJeff Francis
 

More from Jeff Francis (7)

IMP storyboard
IMP storyboardIMP storyboard
IMP storyboard
 
Edet793 screenlayout
Edet793 screenlayoutEdet793 screenlayout
Edet793 screenlayout
 
FMP Storyboard
FMP StoryboardFMP Storyboard
FMP Storyboard
 
365 digital basics after
365 digital basics after365 digital basics after
365 digital basics after
 
365 digital basics before
365 digital basics before365 digital basics before
365 digital basics before
 
Polarity Key Note
Polarity Key NotePolarity Key Note
Polarity Key Note
 
Polarity
PolarityPolarity
Polarity
 

Recently uploaded

Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana BuscigliopptxGroup Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
ArianaBusciglio
 
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHatAzure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Scholarhat
 
S1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptx
S1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptxS1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptx
S1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptx
tarandeep35
 
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdfUnit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Thiyagu K
 
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th SemesterGuidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Atul Kumar Singh
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Tamralipta Mahavidyalaya
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
Celine George
 
Marketing internship report file for MBA
Marketing internship report file for MBAMarketing internship report file for MBA
Marketing internship report file for MBA
gb193092
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Celine George
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
Jisc
 
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativeEmbracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Peter Windle
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
DeeptiGupta154
 
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
MysoreMuleSoftMeetup
 
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
EugeneSaldivar
 
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxSynthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Pavel ( NSTU)
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
siemaillard
 
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxChapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Mohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
 
Chapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdf
Chapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdfChapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdf
Chapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdf
Kartik Tiwari
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
Delapenabediema
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana BuscigliopptxGroup Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
 
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHatAzure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
 
S1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptx
S1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptxS1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptx
S1-Introduction-Biopesticides in ICM.pptx
 
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdfUnit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
 
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th SemesterGuidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
 
Marketing internship report file for MBA
Marketing internship report file for MBAMarketing internship report file for MBA
Marketing internship report file for MBA
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
 
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativeEmbracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
 
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
 
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
 
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxSynthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
 
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxChapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
 
Chapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdf
Chapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdfChapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdf
Chapter -12, Antibiotics (One Page Notes).pdf
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
 

History Of Film Sound Excerpt Original

  • 1. A Brief History of Audio in Film
  • 2. T he Coming of Sound in the film industry L ate 1920 completed a decade of significant changes in the Film Industry L ead innovators included Warner Brothers Pictures and Fox Film Corporation A ll companies moved en masse to convert to sound before and during 1930 B y 1931 all Hollywood movies were “talkies”. T he Coming of sound leads to one of the more lucrative ears in U.S. movie history I t took about 30 years to go from film with no sound, to the complete integration of sound technology across the film business.
  • 3. S ound Technology = Film Profit T hree phases of Technology I nvention I nnovation D iffusion
  • 4. S ound for Film - Early Major Events 1 890 - beginnings of experiments in combining phonograph records with moving pictures 1 895 - Thomas Edison introduced the Kinetophone (non sync musical background sound only) 1 902 - Leon Gaumont introduced the Chronophone in France ( one of the first attempts a sync sound) T he Chronophone linked 2 phonographs to a film projector by a series of cables. A dial adjusted the speed and synchronization of the film. 1 913 - Gaumont offered a new improved mechanism utilizing an advanced compressed air system for amplification and a slightly improved sync capability. L ike Edison and Gaumont, other inventors and companies had very limited success since no one had truly solved the 3 major problems of sound for film. 1 . Cost 2 . Amplification 3 . Synchronization 1 877 - first recorded sound by Thomas Edison
  • 5. S ound for Film - Early Major Events 1 913 - Edison announces the second coming of the Kinetophone - This time it worked. This time, the sound was made to synchronize with a motion picture projected onto a screen. A celluloid cylinder record measuring 5 1/2" in diameter was used for the phonograph. Synchronization was achieved by connecting the projector at one end of the theater and the phonograph at the other end with a long pulley. N ineteen talking pictures were produced in 1913 by Edison, but by 1915 he had abandoned sound motion pictures. There were several reasons for this. First, union rules stipulated that local union projectionists had to operate the Kinetophones, even though they hadn't been trained properly in its use. This led to many instances where synchronization was not achieved, causing audience dissatisfaction. The method of synchronization used was still less than perfect, and breaks in the film would cause the motion picture to get out of step with the phonograph record. The dissolution of the Motion Picture Patents Corp. in 1915 may also have contributed to Edison's departure from sound films, since this act deprived him of patent protection for his motion picture inventions. S uccess was closer, but 2 problems still existed 1 . Cost 2 . Amplification
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. Sound for Film - Early Major Events . 1911-1919 - Western Electric develops along with Lee DeForest a method or recording and reproducing sound electronically on disc. Western Electric Buought the rights to the use of the Audio for amplifying the phonographic sound. 1921 - DeForest improves the method of recording sound on film and patents a new invention he calls the phonofilm. 1926 - Warner Bros . contracts with the AT&T method of sound with film and releases its first sound with film pictures using a system dubbed the Vitaphone . 1926 - Don Juan, released in 1926 was the first film to include music on an amplified sound- track. 1927 -The Jazz Singer featuring Al Jolson is released by Warner Bros. Not an immediate hit in New York, but it gained long-lasting fame when it moved into America's heartland. It was rebooked in 1928 in New York and grossed $100,000 a week. 1927 -Fox Film Corporation works with a new AT&T development - sound on film. Fox uses this system to produce newsreels which would play prior to feature films at theatres.The first big publicity coups was the flight of Charles Lindbergh across the Atlantic. Also memorable was the capturing of the explosion of the Hindenburg. These newsreel shorts became known as the Movietone News.
  • 9. Sound for Film - Early Major Events . Mass Production and Lower cost implementations resolved the last problem. Sound for Film was now cost effective and making film companies more money than ever! May 1928 - the major film companies (Paramount, Loews/MGM, First National and United Artists) sign with AT&T to produce pictures with sound on film despite the introduction of a competing format developed by RCA. End of 1920s - only a few theatres in America's largest cities continued to maintain a house orchestra and organist. 1928 -- Warner Bros. releases The Singing Fool -- again starring Al Jolson. Tickets for the first night were $11.00. "Sonny Boy" and "There's a Rainbow 'Round My Shoulder" from the film became the first million selling record of the "talkie" era. The Singing Fool cost $200,000 to produce but drew an unprecedented $5,000,000.