Census Geography Workshop Guide
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Tim McMonagle's (US Census Bureau) presentation about the GIS products available from the 2010 Census to State GIS users
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Census Geography Workshop Guide
- 1. CENSUS GEOGRAPHY WORKSHOP Tim McMonagle Geography Los Angeles Regional Census Center 1
- 2. Topics Census Geography Demographic Data MAF/TIGER Data Base (MTDB) TIGER/Line Files Joining TIGER and Demographic Data Count Question Resolution Program Future for MTDB? New American Fact Finder Mapping 2
- 5. The Role of Geography in the Decennial Census Geography provides the framework for the collection, tabulation, and dissemination of Census Data Success of the Census rest not only on collecting data, but also linking data to correct geographic areas Anyone using Census Data should have some knowledge of Census Geography
- 6. Hierarchy of Census Geography
- 7. The Census Block What is it? - The smallest geographic area defined for data collection and tabulation by the Census Bureau How is it determined? -Based on the type of features contained in the Census Bureau’s Geographic Database –TIGER
- 8. Small Area Census Geography
- 10. Urban / Rural For the 2010 Census, an urban area will comprise a densely settled core of census tracts and/or census blocks that meet minimum population density requirements, along with adjacent territory containing non-residential urban land uses as well as territory with low population density included to link outlying densely settled territory with the densely settled core. The Census Bureau identifies two types of urban areas: -Urbanized Areas (UAs) of 50,000 or more people -Urban Clusters (UCs) of at least 2,500 and less than 50,000 people. “Rural” encompasses all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.
- 11. Urban / Rural (Urban Areas) – Schedule November 22, 2010 – Public comment period ends for proposed criteria published in Federal Register http://www.census.gov/geo/www/ua/urbanruralclass.html First quarter of 2011 – Final criteria published in Federal Register March-December 2011 – delineation Spring 2012 – Federal Register notice listing final Urban Areas April 2012 – Urban/Rural TIGER/Line Shapefiles October 2012 – SF-1 Urban/Rural Update Late-2013 – ACS publishes data for 2010 Urban Areas 11
- 12. Urban / Rural Additional information and a link to the Federal Register announcement is at: http://www.census.gov/geo/www/ua/2010urbanruralclass.html
- 13. Changes in Hawai’i Census Geography for 2010
- 14. 2010 Census Tract Criteria New Census Tracts Coding Series 9400-9499 Any tract with a majority of population and/or area on Hawaiian Home Lands 9800-9899 Special Land Use tracts 9900-9999 Water Census Tracts
- 17. New Census Designated Places for 2010 Hawai’i County Discovery Harbour Waiohinu Honolulu County East Honolulu* Kalaeloa Kapolei KoOlina Mililani Mauka Ocean Pointe* Urban Honolulu* Waikele West Loch Estate Kauai County Haena Wainiha Maui County Keokea Kula Launiupoko Mahinahina* Makena* Manele Olinda Olowalu Ualapu’e Wailea*
- 20. Census Statistical Data 20
- 21. 21 Accessing Demographic Data
- 22. 22
- 23. Legacy American Fact Finder
- 24. 24
- 25. Census Data Geographically Referenced 25
- 26. New American Fact Finder
- 27. New American Fact Finder Download 27
- 28. GIS Ready
- 29. 2010 Census Advance Group Quarters Summary File
- 31. Advance Group Quarters Summary File (Cont.) Early release for use in Redistricting and the Count Question Resolution program. Table is only available via the FTP site. Flat ASCII files by state Provide Microsoft Access shells to help with importing and extracting the data. Link to files and information about the files at the Redistricting Data Office data site: http://www.census.gov/rdo/data/
- 33. 2010 Census Geographic Products
- 36. 36 MAF/TIGER Data Base (MTDB) Replaces and combines Master Address File (MAF) and Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Reference (TIGER) system databases Nationwide – not divided by county Oracle Spatial 10g database
- 37. 37 MAF/TIGER Accuracy Improvement Program Aligning the MAF/TIGER database with GIS/Imagery maintained by state/local/tribal partners/federal/private in order to implement more programs in a digital environment Improve spatial accuracy to allow the Census to use GPS handheld devices to collect data accurately Support the Administrations Geospatial One Stop e- government initiatives, make data publically available
- 38. Role of TIGER Assignment of location codes to addresses for data collection Geographic structure for tabulation and publication Cartographic products to support field operations, participant programs, collection and publication
- 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What is TIGER? Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing A “digital map” (geographic data base) of the entire United States, Puerto Rico, and the associated Island Areas TIGER Content Streets and their names Lakes, streams, and their names Railroads Geographic entity boundaries, names, and codes (for governmental units, census tracts, census blocks, etc.) Housing unit locations Key geographic locations (for airports, schools, etc.) ZIP Codes and address ranges (for streets with city-style addresses) . 39
- 42. What are TIGER/Line Shapefiles? Extracts of selected geographic and cartographic information from MTDB. Nationwide coverage Contains no sensitive data Are designed for use with GIS Contains geographic linear, areal, and point features, including attribute information Geographic entity boundaries The legal and statistical areas for which Census tabulates data 42
- 43. File Naming Convention The name of each file is: tl_2010_<extent>_<layer>_<ext> tl- TIGER/Line 2010- version extent - 2 digit state FIPS code - 5 digit state county FIPS code layer- type of geography or feature 10 at the end = 2010 census geography 00 at the end = 2000 census geography ext – file extension 43
- 47. Select Correct Version of TIGER/Line 47
- 48. 48
- 49. Download using Web interface
- 53. Download by type using FTP
- 55. 55
- 67. Joining TIGER and Census Statistical Data 67
- 68. Attribute Tables
- 69. Join Function
- 71. 2010Count Question ResolutionProgram General Program Information
- 72. CQR Summary Scope Timing Challenge Types Documentation Requirements Challenges Results - Successful -Unsuccessful
- 73. Scope The Census Bureau’s 2010 Census Count Question Resolution (CQR) Program provides state, local, and tribal officials, or their designated representatives, in the United States and Puerto Rico a process to challenge the census counts of housing units, group quarters, and group Quarter population. 73
- 74. Scope Program will not change Reapportionment, Redistricting, or published counts. If as a result of a challenge a correction is required each affected entity will receive a letter certifying a population change and an errata will be posted to our web site. The Census Bureau will research and ,if verified, correct the counts for: -Census Designated Places in Hawaii and Puerto Rico only. -Hawaiian Home Lands (submitted by a state official). 74
- 75. Timing June 1, 2011- June 1, 2013-Challenges can be submitted September 2013 all challenges must be resolved 2010 Data Available for Review -Redistrict Data Available -Advance Group Quarter Population Summary Files Available -May 2011- Demographic Profiles -June-Aug 2011- Summary File 1
- 76. Challenge Types Boundary- a governmental unit believes the Census Bureau has placed a jurisdictional boundary(s) of a functioning governmental unit may be in the wrong location that was legally in effect on January 1, 2010. Geocoding- a governmental unit believes that the Census Bureau has placed living quarters in the wrong location, within the wrong census block or larger Census Geography. Coverage/Processing- a governmental unit believes that the Census Bureau enumerated specific living quarters during the 2010 Census process, but the living quarters were either incorrectly added or deleted during the processing of the data.
- 77. Documentation Requirements Specify whether the challenge disputes the location of a governmental unit boundary and/or the number of housing units and/or group quarters population and: Boundary Disputes: Submit maps with legal boundaries as of January 1, 2010. Geocoding Error: Identify the specific geography and include a list of addresses as of April 1, 2010. Housing Unit Challenge: Identify the specific geography and include a list of residential addresses as of April 1, 2010. Group Quarter Challenge: Identify the specific geography and a complete address list for the GQ unit(s) present on April 1, 2010.
- 78. Documentation Required(continued) Maps - Digital submissions using TIGER/Line -2010 Census PL 94-171 County Block -2010 Census Block -Boundary and Annexation Survey - Must provide a map spot for any challenged housing unit or group quarters. Address lists -Template from Census Web site & others -City-style -Non-city-style
- 79. Challenge Results Successful -Corrections sent to all affected jurisdictions -Corrections reflected in the base for post-census population estimates -Changes updated in the Master Address File/TIGER database -Changes documented through errata on AFF
- 80. Challenge Results Unsuccessful -Census will maintain documentation for future address file update work and no changes to data or geography are made. -If due to insufficient documentation, challenger is asked to provide more information.
- 81. CQR Information about the program can be found at: http://2010.census.gov/2010census/about/cqr.php Count Question Resolution Brochure FAQ Federal Register Notice Address list templates
- 82. CQR Contact Count Question Resolution Program Decennial Management Division U.S. Census Bureau Washington, DC 20233 CQR Branch Phone: 301-763-9329 CQR E-mail: dmd.cqr@census.gov
- 83. The Future for TIGER 83
- 84. Geographic Support System Proposed Initiative :FY 2011 and Beyond 84
- 85. The Geographic Support System Initiative What is it? An initiative before Congress to increase our base funding for improving the addresses in our Master Address File Why is it important? A response to stakeholder and oversight recommendations to update and maintain our address and spatial data with a special focus on rural areas, group quarters and Puerto Rico What does it involve? An integrated program of improved address coverage, continual spatial feature updates, and enhanced quality assessment and measurement through partnerships Who are the major players? US Census Bureau with, federal, state, local, tribal, and contractor partners
- 86. Why do we need the GSS Initiative? Between 2003 – 2008 we worked with you and other partners to update and improve the positional accuracy of TIGER That effort was very success The MAF/TIGER Accuracy Improvement Project was a significant investment that we want to build upon Now focus is on improving our address coverage and quality and maintaining the spatial data
- 87. A Shift in Focus for the 2020 Census From a complete address canvassing to a targeted address canvassing Hinges on establishing an acceptable address list for each level of government What defines “acceptable” will be a partnership collaboration between government partners and the Census Bureau 87
- 88. Ongoing GSS WorkContracting Research & Development Outside experts delivered 5 reports: The State and Anticipated Future of Addresses and Addressing Identifying the Current State and Anticipated Future Direction of Potentially Useful Developing Technologies Measuring Data Quality Use of Handheld Computers and the Display/Capture of Geospatial Data Researching Address and Spatial Data Digital Exchange
- 89. Ongoing GSS Work GEO-lead Census Bureau Working Groups Working groups, comprised of GEO, staff from other Census Bureau divisions (ACQ, ACS, DID, DIR, DMD, DSCMO, DSD, DSSD, FLD, GOVS, NPC, OAES, POP, RDO, TMO), and other federal agencies (USGS, NOAA NGS, USPS) were formed to address specific aspects of the GSS Initiative
- 90. GSS Working Groups Project and Contract Management Policy Research and Development Quality, Assessments/Evaluations Address Coverage and Sources Feature Coverage and Sources Partnerships MAF/TIGER Integration/Linkage Geocoding Global Positioning Systems (GPS) 90
- 91. Progress of GSS Working Groups FY2011 focus is research and development activities Working groups are: Developing standards that reflect our requirements Evaluating our current data Determining how partners will contribute data Exploiting technology
- 92. For the Geographic Support System Initiative to be Successful Partners are important SDC/FSCPE/CIC Federal, state, local, and tribal governments Commercial vendors (data providers) Working relationships must be: Least intrusive Most efficient Ensure complete and quality data
- 93. Tim McMonagle Geography Los Angeles Regional Census Center U. S. Census Bureau Timothy.william.mcmonagle@census.gov 818-717-6701 93
Editor's Notes
- 2010 proposed criteria publish in Federal Register on August 24, 2010. 90-day comment period; ends November 22, 2010 Please refer all questions during this comment period to the folks in GSCB indicated at the end of this presentation. Most political, and triggers more phone calls and/or visits to Senator’s and Congressional Census Bureau locked into delineating because of legislation and regulations.
- Example of 9400 tract where a majority of the population and/or area of a tract is on a HHL
- Special Land Use tract Little or no populationNamed area
- * All or portion of area of new CDP was in a 2000 CDP
- The ACS data currently available is tabulated to 2000 Census Geography.Census tract is the smallest geography that has ACS data available through AFF, Block Group level data is available at the FTP site.
- Remove the default checkmark from this box when downloading tables for use in database compatible formats, including GIS.
- All Census statistical data is Geo Referenced and the referencing is in the data file. This table shows 2009 5-year Per Capita Income in Fresno County by Census Tracts. GEO_ID2 column provides the Geo information: the state- 06, county- 019 and the Census Tract number 000100.
- Limits : 10,000 geographies 500,000 data rowsDo not try to download information for all of the blocks in the state at once.
- Geographic and Cartographic Products Handout
- Point out that: 10 at the end of layer= 2010 census geography 00 at the end of layer= 2000 census geography2000 census geography refers to the statistical areas which do not change throughout the decade. The 2009 TIGER/Line file contains 2000 census geography. A block boundary that was supported by a feature that has since been deleted will remain in that location . Only exception to the change is suffixed block.
- See handout for list of available layers and level a geography
- From the Census Bureau’s main page, select “Geography”.
- Make sure that the version that you select is compatible with the data you are using. This is usually not an issue, but for the this years ACS data you should be using the 2009 or earlier versions. This ACS data was tabulated using the older version of TIGER. The 2010 will have updates to tabulation.
- This page provides you with links to the TIGER/Line files and also information about the files.Download Options available:Download by type- for example the census tract layers for all states and/or countiesWeb interfaceFTP siteDownload by State or County- all of the different types of layers for specific geographyFTP siteAlso links to technical documentation, Frequently Ask Questions, and user notes.
- First select layer type directory
- Select version directory
- Select the desired county
- With this option you first select the desired geography
- The you would select either the state directory 06 - California or a specific county 06019- Fresno
- Then you would select the layers you want.
- You can also access the data from this FTP site, but you have to work your way through different directories to get the data you want.
- You can therefore do a simple join of the two files using these fields.
- This is the result of the join.
- Use this slide as an opportunity to thank those that participated in MTAIP and LUCA.
- The Project and Contract Management Working Group is responsible for both overall project management of the GSS Initiative and management of contracts.The Policy Working Group is responsible for identifying and addressing policy issues that may affect the progress and direction of the GSS Initiative. The Address Coverage and Sources Working Group will focus on improving address coverage on a continuous basis, through analysis and improvement of the Census Bureau’s Master Address File. The Feature Coverage and Sources Working Group will focus on the analysis and improvement of the Census Bureau’s TIGER database. The Partnership Working Group is responsible for developing relationships with national, state, county, local and tribal governments to foster the goals and progress of the GSS Initiative. The Quality, Assessments and Evaluations Working Group is responsible for assessing the quality of the MAF/TIGER Database and of potential sources used to update the MTDB. The MAF/TIGER Integration/Linkage Working Group will study the consistency between address information contained in the MAF in comparison to that contained in TIGER. The Research and Development Working Group will conduct research to identify the best methods for updating the MTDB and furthering the goals of the GSS Initiative. The Geocoding Working Group will research and identify the best methods for linking housing units to the correct geographic location. The GPS Working Group is responsible for the evaluation of GPS technology and how it applies to the goals of the GSS Initiative.