Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to HERBICIDE APPLICATION TECHNIQUES.pptx
Similar to HERBICIDE APPLICATION TECHNIQUES.pptx (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
HERBICIDE APPLICATION TECHNIQUES.pptx
- 2. For effective weed management we must have Knowledge of weed problem Knowledge of herbicide Knowledge of formulations Knowledge of techniques and equipment
- 3. There are several herbicides application techniques that can be used to control herbaceous weeds, trees and bushes of various sizes. Applications can be soil (PPI or Pre; fumigation) fumigation) or foliar. Foliage application can be broadcast (uniform on the entire area) or directed (target individual plants). Can be applied as concentrated sprays or granular formulations may be broadcasted, diluted with water or diesel, and applied with sand/soil.
- 4. Herbicides can be applied by a variety of means including Boom sprayers Aerial spraying Misters Blanket wipers Rope wick applicators Weed seekers Back-pack sprayers.
- 5. Boom sprayer on crop Most common type of apparatus for applying herbicides in broadscale farming. A sprayer has many components, the most important being the nozzles, which split the herbicide into many small droplets that are projected through the air to the target. The nozzle determines the effectiveness of spraying. All other components are necessary to position the nozzles and provide them with a continuous supply of herbicide at the correct pressure
- 7. Aerial spraying Aerial herbicide application is the quickest, most economical and highly efficient delivery system to control brush acres on a utility right-of-way over a given lifetime. Most Economical Technique Quickest Application 4acres in 7 minutes Chemical Side Trimming Easily Covers Inaccessible Areas/Rough Terrain
- 9. On the basis of volume of spray-mix the technique of spraying is classified as: 1. High volume spraying (300-500 l/ha) 2. Low volume spraying (50 -150 l/ha) 3. Ultra low volume spraying (<5 l/ha) The range of volume of spray mix in each of the above case is arbitrary
- 10. Misters Misters are a useful but imprecise way of applying herbicides to large areas quickly. They rely on wind to drift the herbicide. If the wind is too light or the spraying speed too high, the swath width will decrease, possibly causing overdosing and wasted chemical. If the wind is too strong or gusty, it increases the swath width, which will reduce the chemical application rate and increase the risk of damage from spray drift.
- 12. Blanket wipers Blanket wipers are made of a vertical strip of material attached to a horizontal frame. The vertical strip, or blanket, acts as the wiping surface making direct contact with the target weed. This equipment has been developed as an alternative to rope wick applicators. A non- selective herbicide is generally used with successful weed control dependent on the height differential between crop and weed. Wipers are used in broadacre application to control radish or mustard in lupins or chickpeas or to 'top' grasses in pasture.
- 13. Units have been designed to fit all terrain bikes and hand held equipment has been developed for back yard and environmental use to treat weeds such as cape tulip, Paterson’s curse, Guildford grass, arum lily, and bracken fern. Herbicide can be selectively applied to these plants without damaging pasture legumes or native seedlings in revegetation areas. The best time to wipe weeds in crops is September to early October when the weeds are flowering and are 20–30cm taller than crop or pasture plants
- 15. Rope wick applicators Rope wick applicators consist of a series of ropes impregnated with a non-selective herbicide, usually glyphosate. They are not widely used, but they can be useful for the control of tall weeds in a crop or pasture. Normal spraying with a non -selective herbicide would not be possible in this situation, however a rope wick applicator can be moved above the crop or pasture and wipe the herbicide only onto the taller weeds, hence selective control is obtained. This technique has been partially successful for controlling cape tulip, docks, rushes, thistles and bracken in pasture. Because they can only operate at slow speeds and the ropes are very expensive, rope wick applicators have not gained wide acceptance
- 17. Detect sprayer Detection technology (for example, Weedseeker and Weedit) uses infrared and near infrared light to detect green weeds and sprays only green plants in paddocks. In action, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) point two different light sources, infrared and near infrared, towards the ground. Green weeds have a different reflective signature to stubble or soil. The system can operate at speeds up to 20 kilometres per hour (km/h), requiring a stable boom to aid operational efficiency
- 19. Spot spraying v/s wick wiping This method is a quicker alternative to hand roguing and can be used to sterilize weed seed. Spot spraying usually involves the application of a non- selective herbicide to individual weeds using a sprayer in a back-pack or mounted on an all terrain vehicle (ATV). The sprayer should have a single nozzle on a wand attached to a flexible hose. A boom sprayer fitted with weed detector units may also be used for applying non-selective herbicides to low-density infestations in fallows.
- 20. Wick wiping performed with a hand-held rope-wick wiper is an alternative to spot spraying when there is the possibility of herbicide drift onto sensitive adjacent plants. It is particularly useful if the weed is taller than the crop canopy. There are multiple 'wiper technologies' available, including wick wipers, rope wipers, carpet wipers and weed wipers.
- 22. Nozzles for spraying herbicides The main types of applicators available are: Hydraulic nozzles Twin fluid nozzles Controlled droplet applicators Air induction nozzles Air assisted nozzles. Changing the nozzle type, size, height and pressure will change the amount and effectiveness of herbicide reaching the target area.