Henri Matisse was a highly influential 20th century French artist known for his use of bold color and fluid draftsmanship. As one of the leaders of Les Fauves, an early Modernist group that emphasized spontaneity and deep color over realistic representation, Matisse simplified forms, exaggerated perspective, and used vivid colors in his paintings. Matisse was a painter, printmaker, and sculptor but is best known for his groundbreaking work in color and form.