2. Hungary’s hydrography
• Hungary is rich in underground waters. The
Carpathian Basin is the closest or the most trapped
basin on the earth and Hungary is located in the
deepest point of it. Waters flow here from 3
directions and continue their ways to the south.
• There is 12000 m3 water for each person in
Hungary. But we do not have to worry about water
resources because Hungary is among the first
countries in Europe to have enough water supply.
4. • The quality of water is reasonably good that is why
90 % of the water consumption of our country is
supplied from underground water. This water hardly
needs any complicated purifying processes.
• The pollution of underground water is mainly of
natural origin. Some water soluble substances can
get into the water (arsenic, iodin, several gases..)
Pollution caused by human activities is a bigger
problem because purifying needs an even more
expensive technology.
6. Drinking water and mineral
water
• Bottled water business is very successful
throughout Hungary. Most consumers
consider that the quality of bottled water
is better than running, tap water, but 95%
of the households in Hungary have piped
running water. Hungarians prefer sparkling
mineral water to still water.
7. Supply of drinking water
• The town sewage plant supplies drinking water to
consumers, bought from Capital City Waterworks, via
network of pipes rented from Dunaharaszti Council
and leased equipments.
• Many kits ensure the safe supply on the whole length
of water network and in case of failure, the kits allow
the quick repair under the least restriction.
8. Alternative water sources
• Formerly people collected rain-water in barrels, and
drilled wells. They watered the garden with ground-
water. These alternative water sources gain ground
nowadays.
9.
10. Water sources near
Dunaharaszti
• Dunaharaszti and the surrounding territory are rich
in waters. Actually, it is situated by the river
Danube. Ground-water is high so there are a lot of
small fishing lakes and mine lakes around. Drinking
water comes from Budapest.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15. • Budapest has been the capital of spas since 1934.
• In the Roman times the city of Aquincum was
connected by the thermal waters of the territory.
• Thermal baths were built in the 16th century during
the Turkish invasion. Some of these still exist. There
are 15 thermal baths in Budapest and several luxury
hotels also maintain their own thermal spas.
16.
17.
18.
19. Sewage drainage
• Sewage generated during the usage of drinking water
must be drained, cleaned in order not to infect the
environment.
• Ecological system balance of our living water would
be tilted if sewage containing organics, pathogens and
various solid contamination were flown without
cleaning.
• For some consumers, sewage is collected and led by
various-diameter canals into the sewage plant.
Sewage flows gravitationally where topography
allows. In many cases, pumps in pumping stations
must be used to ensure the appropriate pressure for
flowing inside the sewage canals.
22. Wastewater treatment
• First at sewage plants, big solid contamination is
filtered by grids then arenaceous contamination is
elutriated.
• Then sewage’s organic material is removed by
sludge biological cleaning. After the mechanical
and biological purification, in particular cases
chemical purification is needed which targets the
removal of present vegetal nutrients (
phosphor, nitrogen compounds ) in the water.
• The last purifying phase is the disinfection when
micro-organisms left in the sewage must be
destroyed by using disinfectant.
23. • At the end of the purifying procedure, quality-water
is formed which is not drinking water-clean but this
can be let into our living waters without danger.
• Sewage sludge formed during wastewater
treatment must be dehydrated first step because
only 1-3 % of this is dry material, the rest is water.
The leachate formed during dehydrating is led back
to the beginning of the cleaning treatment. The
dehydrated sewage sludge is composted and is used
for soil melioration in agriculture under controlled
circumstances.
31. Consumption of water in our
group
Min. Max. Average
Drinking / 3l 4l 3,5 l
Cooking
Washing-up 4l 7l 5,5 l
Cleaning 5l 10 l 7,5 l
Hand washing 10 l 15 l 12,5 l
(repeteadly)
Showering / 40 l 100 l 70 l
Bathing
Washing 20 l 40 l 30 l
Toilet flushing 20 l 40 l 30 l
Our group’s consumption of water ( litre / person / day): 159 l
