Primary - Heatwaves - Prevention

1. HEAT WAVES
PREVENTION
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

2. In this lesson we will answer the
following questions:
WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
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3. In this lesson we will answer the
following questions:
WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
HOW DO THEY OCCUR?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

4. In this lesson we will answer the
following questions:
WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
HOW DO THEY OCCUR?
HOW CAN YOU RECOGNIZE
A HEAT WAVE?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

5. In this lesson we will answer the
following questions:
WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
HOW DO THEY OCCUR?
HOW CAN YOU RECOGNIZE
A HEAT WAVE?
HOW DOES IT AFFECT US?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

6. In this lesson we will answer the
following questions:
WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
HOW DO THEY OCCUR?
HOW CAN YOU RECOGNIZE
A HEAT WAVE?
HOW DOES IT AFFECT US?
WHAT DOES IT DO TO
NATURE?
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7. WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
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8. WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
HEAT
energy which is transferred
from one body to another
because of the difference in
temperature.
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

9. WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
HEAT
energy which is transferred
from one body to another
because of the difference in
temperature.
HEAT WAVE
an extended period of
days with higher than
normal temperatures
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

10. WHAT ARE HEAT WAVES?
HEAT
energy which is transferred
from one body to another
because of the difference in
temperature.
HEAT WAVE
an extended period of
days with higher than
normal temperatures
short time with
abnormally high
temperatures
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11. HEAT WAVES CAN
BE DANGEROUS TO:
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12. HEAT WAVES CAN
BE DANGEROUS TO:
Small children
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13. HEAT WAVES CAN
BE DANGEROUS TO:
Small children
Elderly people
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14. HEAT WAVES CAN
BE DANGEROUS TO:
Small children
Elderly people
People who suffer
from heart disease
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15. HEAT WAVES CAN
BE DANGEROUS TO:
Small children
Elderly people
People who suffer
from heart disease
People with no air
conditioning at home
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

16. HEAT WAVES CAN
BE DANGEROUS TO:
Small children
Elderly people
People who suffer
from heart disease
People with no air
conditioning at home
Plants
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17. HEAT WAVES CAN
BE DANGEROUS TO:
Small children
Elderly people
People who suffer
from heart disease
People with no air
conditioning at home
Plants
Animals
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18. HOW DOES A HEAT WAVE OCCUR?
CLIMATE
CHANGE
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19. HOW DOES A HEAT WAVE OCCUR?
CLIMATE
CHANGE
One of the most
important factors
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20. HOW DOES A HEAT WAVE OCCUR?
CLIMATE
CHANGE
One of the most
important factors
Causes heat waves
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21. HOW DOES A HEAT WAVE OCCUR?
CLIMATE
CHANGE
One of the most
important factors
Causes heat waves
Increases the intensity
of heat waves
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22. HOW DOES A HEAT WAVE OCCUR?
CLIMATE
CHANGE
One of the most
important factors
Causes heat waves
Increases the intensity
of heat waves
Makes heat waves
hotter
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23. HOW DOES A HEAT WAVE OCCUR?
CLIMATE
CHANGE
One of the most
important factors
Causes heat waves
Increases the intensity
of heat waves
Makes heat waves
hotter
Makes heat waves last
longer
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

24. HOW DOES A HEAT WAVE OCCUR?
CLIMATE
CHANGE
One of the most
important factors
Causes heat waves
Increases the intensity
of heat waves
Makes heat waves
hotter
Makes heat waves last
longer
Makes heatwaves
occur more often
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25. TWO MAIN
REASONS
WHY HEAT
WAVES
OCCUR
1. AIR PRESSURE
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26. TWO MAIN
REASONS
WHY HEAT
WAVES
OCCUR
1. AIR PRESSURE
A JET STREAM is a current of fast moving air found
in the upper levels of the atmosphere
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27. TWO MAIN
REASONS
WHY HEAT
WAVES
OCCUR
1. AIR PRESSURE
A JET STREAM is a current of fast moving air found
in the upper levels of the atmosphere
It forms between cold and warm air mass thus
acting like a natural cooling system of the Earth.
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28. TWO MAIN
REASONS
WHY HEAT
WAVES
OCCUR
1. AIR PRESSURE
A JET STREAM is a current of fast moving air found
in the upper levels of the atmosphere
It forms between cold and warm air mass thus
acting like a natural cooling system of the Earth.
Global warming weakens this jet stream - making
it thinner and less effective.
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

29. TWO MAIN
REASONS
WHY HEAT
WAVES
OCCUR
1. AIR PRESSURE
A JET STREAM is a current of fast moving air found
in the upper levels of the atmosphere
It forms between cold and warm air mass thus
acting like a natural cooling system of the Earth.
Global warming weakens this jet stream - making
it thinner and less effective.
The ability of the Earth to cool itself reduces and
heat waves become more likely.
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30. TWO MAIN
REASONS WHY
HEAT WAVES
OCCUR
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2. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE
LAYER

31. TWO MAIN
REASONS WHY
HEAT WAVES
OCCUR
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2. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE
LAYER
The OZONE LAYER protects the Earth from
direct and very harmful rays from the sun.

32. TWO MAIN
REASONS WHY
HEAT WAVES
OCCUR
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2. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE
LAYER
The OZONE LAYER protects the Earth from
direct and very harmful rays from the sun.
Depletion of this layer can bring harm not
only for human beings but is also harmful
to the whole planet.

33. TWO MAIN
REASONS WHY
HEAT WAVES
OCCUR
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2. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE
LAYER
The OZONE LAYER protects the Earth from
direct and very harmful rays from the sun.
Depletion of this layer can bring harm not
only for human beings but is also harmful
to the whole planet.
IT CAN CAUSE
Increases in various cancer illnesses

34. TWO MAIN
REASONS WHY
HEAT WAVES
OCCUR
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2. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE
LAYER
The OZONE LAYER protects the Earth from
direct and very harmful rays from the sun.
Depletion of this layer can bring harm not
only for human beings but is also harmful
to the whole planet.
IT CAN CAUSE
Increases in various cancer illnesses
Land to become drier

35. TWO MAIN
REASONS WHY
HEAT WAVES
OCCUR
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2. DEPLETION OF THE OZONE
LAYER
The OZONE LAYER protects the Earth from
direct and very harmful rays from the sun.
Depletion of this layer can bring harm not
only for human beings but is also harmful
to the whole planet.
IT CAN CAUSE
Increases in various cancer illnesses
Land to become drier
Increases in temperature

36. WE NEED TO BE CAREFUL ABOUT
THE ENVIRONMENT AND TAKE
CARE OF IT – OUR FUTURE
GENERATIONS ALSO NEED A
PLACE TO LIVE IN
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37. HOW TO RECOGNIZE
THE HEAT WAVE
We can distinguish between
several features of heat waves
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38. HOW TO RECOGNIZE
THE HEAT WAVE
We can distinguish between
several features of heat waves
UNSEASONABLE WARMTH
HUMIDITY
DURATION
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39. UNSEASONABLE
WARMTH
REMEMBER!
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40. UNSEASONABLE
WARMTH
REMEMBER!
TEMPERATURE IS HIGHER THEN AVERAGE
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41. UNSEASONABLE
WARMTH
REMEMBER!
TEMPERATURE IS HIGHER THEN AVERAGE
HIGH TEMPERATURES STAY FOR A LONGER PERIOD OF
TIME
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42. UNSEASONABLE
WARMTH
REMEMBER!
TEMPERATURE IS HIGHER THEN AVERAGE
HIGH TEMPERATURES STAY FOR A LONGER PERIOD OF
TIME
AIR BECOMES UNCOMFORTABLY WARM
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43. UNSEASONABLE
WARMTH
REMEMBER!
TEMPERATURE IS HIGHER THEN AVERAGE
HIGH TEMPERATURES STAY FOR A LONGER PERIOD OF
TIME
AIR BECOMES UNCOMFORTABLY WARM
WEATHER FORCAST DOES NOT PROMISE ANY CHANGES
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44. UNSEASONABLE
WARMTH
REMEMBER!
TEMPERATURE IS HIGHER THEN AVERAGE
HIGH TEMPERATURES STAY FOR A LONGER PERIOD OF
TIME
AIR BECOMES UNCOMFORTABLY WARM
WEATHER FORCAST DOES NOT PROMISE ANY CHANGES
TEMPERATURE IS HIGH FOR AT LEAST 4-5 DAYS
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45. UNSEASONABLE WARMTH
If temperature rises at least 9 degrees Celsius higher than
average temperature of the region during the certain time of
the year
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46. UNSEASONABLE WARMTH
Normal
temperature
22-24 degrees
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47. UNSEASONABLE WARMTH
Normal
temperature
22-24 degrees
Temperature
rising
30-32 degrees
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48. UNSEASONABLE WARMTH
Normal temperature
22-24 degrees
Temperature rising
30-32 degrees
Temperature stays at
32 degrees
For 4 days
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49. UNSEASONABLE WARMTH
THIS IS A HEAT WAVE!
Normal temperature
22-24 degrees
Temperature rising
30-32 degrees
Temperature stays at
32 degrees
For 4 days
HEAT
WAVE
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50. HUMIDITY
• Humidity is a measure of how much moisture is in the air.
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51. HUMIDITY
• Humidity is a measure of how much moisture is in the air.
• Warmer air holds more moisture than cooler air.
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52. HUMIDITY
• Humidity is a measure of how much moisture is in the air.
• Warmer air holds more moisture than cooler air.
• At higher temperatures, humidity can become extremely
uncomfortable.
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53. HUMIDITY
• Humidity is a measure of how much moisture is in the air.
• Warmer air holds more moisture than cooler air.
• At higher temperatures, humidity can become extremely
uncomfortable.
• The human body cools itself by the evaporation of sweat.
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54. HUMIDITY
• Humidity is a measure of how much moisture is in the air.
• Warmer air holds more moisture than cooler air.
• At higher temperatures, humidity can become extremely
uncomfortable.
• The human body cools itself by the evaporation of sweat.
• If humidity is very high, sweat does not evaporate and people
can easily overheat
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55. DURATION
30ºC one
day high
humidity
you are
OK
31ºC
second
day high
humidity
you are
still OK
32ºC third
day
humidity
getting
higher
you feel
worse not
so OK
anymore
32ºC
fourth day
very high
humidity
you feel
weak it is
hard to
breath
and find
cooler
place
32ºC fifth
day very
high
humidity
very hard
to breath
you feel
weak
DANGER
to your
health
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56. CONSEQUENCES OF HEAT WAVES
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57. CONSEQUENCES OF HEAT WAVES
HEALTH EFFECTS
HEAT CRAMPS
HEAT EXHAUSTION
HEAT STROKE
DEHYDRATION
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58. HEALTH EFFECTS
If your body is not able to effectively cool itself, you might suffer from
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59. HEALTH EFFECTS
If your body is not able to effectively cool itself, you might suffer from
heat exhaustion
heat stroke
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60. HEALTH EFFECTS
If your body is not able to effectively cool itself, you might suffer from
heat exhaustion
heat stroke
And if you don’t get enough fluids you might suffer from
dehydration
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61. HEALTH EFFECTS
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62. HEALTH EFFECTS
NORMALBODY
TEMPERATURE
NORMAL
SWEATING.
YOU FEEL
WARM BUT
FINE
BODYTEMPERATURE
RISES
COOLING
PROCESS IS
DISTURBED.
YOU FEEL HOT
AND
UNCOMFORTA
BLE
BODYTEMPERATURE
CRITICAL
HEAT
EXHAUSTION
OCCURS AND
IT IS HARD TO
THINK OR
MOVE. YOU
FEEL VERY
TIRED AND
WEAK
DANGER!!!
TEMPERATURE
RISES
DANGEROUSLY
HIGH AND
MIGHT CAUSE
HEAT STROKE
OR EVEN DEATH
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63. HEAT CRAMPS
If your body has trouble with
the heat, it can experience heat
cramps
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64. HEAT CRAMPS
If your body has trouble with
the heat, it can experience heat
cramps
Heat cramps are muscular pains
and spasms that usually occur in
the legs
They can occur even while having
a rest or during night time
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65. HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat exhaustion is more severe
than cramps and you can
recognize it from these
symptoms:
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66. HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat exhaustion is more severe
than cramps and you can
recognize it from these
symptoms:
Cool, moist, pale and
flushed skin
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67. HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat exhaustion is more severe
than cramps and you can
recognize it from these
symptoms:
Cool, moist, pale and
flushed skin
Headache
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68. HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat exhaustion is more severe
than cramps and you can
recognize it from these
symptoms:
Cool, moist, pale and
flushed skin
Headache
Nausea
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69. HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat exhaustion is more severe
than cramps and you can
recognize it from these
symptoms:
Cool, moist, pale and
flushed skin
Headache
Nausea
Dizziness
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70. HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat exhaustion is more severe
than cramps and you can
recognize it from these
symptoms:
Cool, moist, pale and
flushed skin
Headache
Nausea
Dizziness
Weakness and exhaustion
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71. HEAT STROKE
WHY?
If the body systems are
overwhelmed by heat and begin to
stop functioning
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72. HEAT STROKE
WHY?
If the body systems are
overwhelmed by heat and begin to
stop functioning
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person has extremely high
body temperature
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73. HEAT STROKE
WHY?
If the body systems are
overwhelmed by heat and begin to
stop functioning
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person has extremely high
body temperature
The skin is red and either dry
or moist
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74. HEAT STROKE
WHY?
If the body systems are
overwhelmed by heat and begin to
stop functioning
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person has extremely high
body temperature
The skin is red and either dry
or moist
Person can lose consciousness
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

75. HEAT STROKE
WHY?
If the body systems are
overwhelmed by heat and begin to
stop functioning
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person has extremely high
body temperature
The skin is red and either dry
or moist
Person can lose consciousness
Pulse is rapid and weak
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76. HEAT STROKE
WHY?
If the body systems are
overwhelmed by heat and begin to
stop functioning
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person has extremely high
body temperature
The skin is red and either dry
or moist
Person can lose consciousness
Pulse is rapid and weak
Breathing is shallow
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

77. HEAT STROKE
WHY?
If the body systems are
overwhelmed by heat and begin to
stop functioning
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person has extremely high
body temperature
The skin is red and either dry
or moist
Person can lose consciousness
Pulse is rapid and weak
Breathing is shallow
Person is vomiting
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78. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
HEAT STROKE AND HEAT EXHAUSTION?
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79. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
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80. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person is very thirsty
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81. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person is very thirsty
Sweating has
increased
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82. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person is very thirsty
Sweating has
increased
Dry mouth and swollen
tongue
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83. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person is very thirsty
Sweating has
increased
Dry mouth and swollen
tongue
Weakness
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84. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person is very thirsty
Sweating has
increased
Dry mouth and swollen
tongue
Weakness
Confusion
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85. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person is very thirsty
Sweating has
increased
Dry mouth and swollen
tongue
Weakness
Confusion
Fainting
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86. DEHYDRATION
DEHYDRATION is the loss
of a large amount of liquid
from the body
WHAT HAPPENS?
Person is very thirsty
Sweating has
increased
Dry mouth and swollen
tongue
Weakness
Confusion
Fainting
Head aches
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87. REMEMBER!
IF YOUR BODY TEMPERATURE RISES YOU MIGHT
GET HEAT CRAMPS
SUFFER FROM HEAT EXHAUSTION
GET A HEAT STROKE
GET DEHYDRATED
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88. REMEMBER!
IF YOUR BODY TEMPERATURE RISES YOU MIGHT
GET HEAT CRAMPS
SUFFER FROM HEAT EXHAUSTION
GET A HEAT STROKE
GET DEHYDRATED
Help prevent yourself and others getting ill - make
sure you keep cool and drink lots of fluids during a
heat wave
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89. IMPACT OF A HEAT WAVE ON
THE ENVIRONMENT
BRAINY CORNER
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FACTS AND FIGURES
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90. IMPACT OF A HEAT WAVE ON
THE ENVIRONMENT
HEAT WAVES CAN HARM NOT ONLY HUMAN BEINGS BUT
ALSO THE ENVIRONMENT
SOME SPECIES OF ANIMALS CAN DISAPPEAR
BRAINY CORNER
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FACTS AND FIGURES
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91. IMPACT OF A HEAT WAVE ON
THE ENVIRONMENT
HEAT WAVES CAN HARM NOT ONLY HUMAN BEINGS BUT
ALSO THE ENVIRONMENT
SOME SPECIES OF ANIMALS CAN DISAPPEAR
NEW SPECIES MAY APPEAR
BRAINY CORNER
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FACTS AND FIGURES
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92. IMPACT OF A HEAT WAVE ON
THE ENVIRONMENT
HEAT WAVES CAN HARM NOT ONLY HUMAN BEINGS BUT
ALSO THE ENVIRONMENT
SOME SPECIES OF ANIMALS CAN DISAPPEAR
NEW SPECIES MAY APPEAR
ANIMALS CHANGE THEIR USUAL LIFESTYLE AND
BEHAVIOUR
BRAINY CORNER
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FACTS AND FIGURES
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93. IMPACT OF A HEAT WAVE ON
THE ENVIRONMENT
HEAT WAVES CAN HARM NOT ONLY HUMAN BEINGS BUT ALSO
THE ENVIRONMENT
SOME SPECIES OF ANIMALS CAN DISAPPEAR
NEW SPECIES MAY APPEAR
ANIMALS CHANGE THEIR USUAL LIFESTYLE AND
BEHAVIOUR
WILDFIRES IN MAY BECOME MORE FREQUENT
BRAINY CORNER
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FACTS AND FIGURES
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94. HEAT WAVE’S IMPACT ON NATURE
ANIMALS
SUFFER FROM HEAT IF THEY
CANNOT FIND SHELTER OR
ENOUGH WATER TO DRINK
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95. HEAT WAVE’S IMPACT ON NATURE
ANIMALS
SUFFER FROM HEAT IF THEY
CANNOT FIND SHELTER OR
ENOUGH WATER TO DRINK
TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY
AND SOLAR RADIATION
CAUSE HEAT STRESS IN
LIVESTOCK
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96. HEAT WAVE’S IMPACT ON NATURE
ANIMALS
SUFFER FROM HEAT IF THEY
CANNOT FIND SHELTER OR
ENOUGH WATER TO DRINK
TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY
AND SOLAR RADIATION
CAUSE HEAT STRESS IN
LIVESTOCK
PLANTS
PLANTS IN OPEN SPACES MAY
WITHER AND GET SUNBURNT
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97. HEAT WAVE’S IMPACT ON NATURE
ANIMALS
SUFFER FROM HEAT IF THEY
CANNOT FIND SHELTER OR
ENOUGH WATER TO DRINK
TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY
AND SOLAR RADIATION
CAUSE HEAT STRESS IN
LIVESTOCK
PLANTS
PLANTS IN OPEN SPACES MAY
WITHER AND GET SUNBURNT
FRUIT TREES AND CROPS MAY
WITHER DURING HEAT WAVE
- THE CROP THEY PRODUCE
LATER MAY BE POOR OR THE
CROP MAY DIE.
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98. BUMBLEBEES
BUMBLEBEE species are threatened
in many countries.
BUMBLEBEES are very vulnerable to
heat waves.
BUMBLEBEES may disappear during
heat waves because of the absence
of pollen caused by withering/dying
flowers.
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99. WILDFIRES
If the weather gets really hot and
dry it may increase the possibility
of wildfires. Wildfires may also
become hooter and larger during
heat waves.
Wildfires can have very negative
impacts:
Sometimes animals cannot
escape and are killed
Animal habitats can be
destroyed
Different plants and plantlife
can be destroyed completely or
may be damaged and take a
long time to recover
Large fires can change the
ecosystem balance
Entire forests can be destroyed
and it takes hundreds of years
for mature forests to return
Peat (decayed vegetation) may
be burned releasing large
amounts of carbon into the
atmosphere. Peat takes
thousands of years to form!
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100. Marble Bar heatwave, 1923-
1924. The world record for the
longest sequence of days above
37.8◦ Celsius (or 100◦ Fahrenheit) is
held by Marble Bar in the inland
Pilbara district of Western Australia.
The temperature, reached or
exceeded 37.8◦ Celsius every day
from 31st October 1923 to 7th April
1924, a total of 160 days!
The „Dust Bowl“ years of 1930-
1936. Some of the hottest
summers on record in the United
States of America. Nationally,
around 5000 deaths were
associated with the heatwave.
What lead to the „Dust Bowl“?
1) The lack of rain that scorched
the earth and killed vegetation;
2) Poor land management.
THE MOST IMPORTANT
HEATWAVES IN THE
WORLD THROUGHOUT
HISTORY
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

101. The famous summer of ’76 in
the UK. It was a period of nine
weeks, the weather was
consistently dry, sunny and hot. It
should also be remembered that
the summer of 1976 marked the
culmination of a prolonged drought
which had begun in April, 1975.
Lithuania, 2006. Extreme heat
caused a wildfire in Kuršių Nerija,
the Curonian Spit, a National park.
At that time 236 hectares of the
territory of the National park was
burned in just five days. The whole
area has now been replanted. More
wildfires occurred soon after the
2006 fire. The soil was damaged
and is still recovering. At present
the soil is not as heat-resistant as it
used to be.
THE MOST IMPORTANT
HEATWAVES IN THE
WORLD THROUGHOUT
HISTORY
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

102. Europe, 2003. More than 20,000
people died after a record-breaking
heatwave left Europe sweltering in
August 2003. The period of
extreme heat is thought to be the
warmest for up to 500 years, and
many European countries
experienced their highest
temperatures on record.
Drought and wildfires in Russia
in 2010. After record warm
temperatures, drought, wildfires,
and poor air quality during July
2010, the dismal conditions
continued through mid-August
across western Russia. At the
beginning of August, 676 square
miles (1 740 square km) were
burning with over 600 active
wildfires.
THE MOST IMPORTANT
HEATWAVES IN THE
WORLD THROUGHOUT
HISTORY
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters

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