This document discusses heart disease in India. It notes that 25% of cardiac arrests in India occur in people under age 40, and over 60,000 children per year are affected by heart conditions. Women over 50 are also at high risk. Common causes of heart disease include coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, alcohol, drugs, and stress. The document outlines several types of heart surgeries performed to treat heart conditions, including coronary artery bypass grafting, transmyocardial laser revascularization, and heart transplantation. It concludes with tips for maintaining a healthy heart such as quitting smoking, exercising, eating a heart-healthy diet, and managing conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure.

1. Heart Care

2. Index
• Overview of Cardiac problems in India
• Causes of Cardiac Problems
• Heart Surgeries – A growing concern
• Types & Surgical Approaches
• Tips for a healthy heart

3. Overview
• Did you know in India almost 25
percent of the victims of cardiac
arrests fall under the age of 40?
• Children's might also be under
greater threat of developing cardio
vascular diseases with over 60,000 to
90,000 kids getting affected by heart
ailments every year in India.
• Women might also be in greater
danger as they can be attracted to
heart diseases after the age of 50

4. Causes of
Heart
Problems
Coronary Artery
Disease
High Blood
Pressure
Diabetes
Smoking
Excess Use of
Alcohol
Drug Abuse
Stress
Valvular Heart
Disease

5. Heart Surgeries
Heart surgery is done to correct problems with the heart.
Medical care is essential once heart disease is diagnosed, with the goals of stabilizing the
condition immediately, controlling symptoms over the long term, and providing a cure
when possible.

6. Types of Heart Surgeries

7. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the
most common type of heart surgery. CABG
improves blood flow to the heart. Surgeons use
CABG to treat people who have
severe coronary heart disease.
Type # 1
Coronary Artery
Bypass Grafting
* Image source: www.media.summitmedicalgroup.com/media/db/relayhealth-images/bypass_2.jpg

8. Coronary Artery
Bypass Grafting
CHD is a disease in which a waxy
substance called plaque (plak) builds
up inside the coronary arteries.
During CABG, a healthy artery or vein
from the body is connected, or grafted,
to the blocked coronary artery. The
grafted artery or vein bypasses the
blocked portion of the coronary artery.
This creates a new path for oxygen-rich
blood to flow to the heart muscle.
* Image source: www.uofmhealth.org

9. Transmyocardial laser revascularization or
TMR, is surgery used to treat angina when
no other treatments work.
During TMR, a surgeon uses lasers to
make small channels through the heart
muscle and into the heart's lower left
chamber (the left ventricle).
The surgery may help the heart grow tiny
new blood vessels. Oxygen-rich blood may
flow through these vessels into the heart
muscle, which could relieve angina.
Type # 2
Transmyocardial Laser
Revascularization
* Image source: www.glogster.com

10. A heart transplant is surgery to remove
a person's diseased heart and replace it
with a healthy heart from a deceased
donor. Most heart transplants are done
on patients who have end-stage heart
failure.
Type # 3
Heart Transplant

11. Heart failure is a condition in which the
heart is damaged or weak. As a result, it
can't pump enough blood to meet the
body's needs. "End-stage" means the
condition is so severe that all treatments,
other than heart transplant, have failed.
Patients on the waiting list for a donor heart
receive ongoing treatment for heart failure
and other medical conditions. Ventricular
assist devices (VADs) or total artificial hearts
(TAHs) might be used to treat these patients.
Heart Transplant

12. Tips for Healthy Heart
1. Quit smoking now. Twelve months
after quitting, your increased risk of
dying from heart disease will be half
that of a continuing smoker.
2. Improve your diet. Include wholegrain
cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables,
seeds and nuts in your diet and lower
your risk of heart disease.
3. Exercise regularly. Walk briskly for 30
minutes a day and reduce your risk of
heart attack by one third.

13. Tips for Healthy Heart
1. Eat more fish. Oily fish like tuna,
sardines or salmon are rich in omega-3
fatty acids and will boost your good
cholesterol.
2. Avoid salty and high sodium
foods. Don’t add salt when preparing or
eating your meals.
3. Switch your chocolate choice. Switch
from milk chocolate to dark chocolate.
When eaten in moderation, dark
chocolate is good for your heart.

14. Tips for Healthy Heart
1. Limit your alcohol. It is recommended
you limit yourself to no more than two
standard glasses of alcohol a day if
you are a man, or one glass a day if
you are a woman.
2. Have a diabetes test. Uncontrolled
diabetes can damage your artery walls
and contribute to heart disease.
3. Make fitness fun. Choose activities
that combine exercise and socializing
like pilates, water aerobics, dancing,
cycling or yoga.

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Disclaimer: The information provided in this presentation is for education
purpose only. It shouldn’t be considered as expert or medical advice from
Wockhardt Hospitals