Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi di PontianakEnda Esyudha
Pontianak sebagai salah satu kota berkembang mulai memanfaatkan teknologi untuk memajukan kotanya. Analisa terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi tersebut perlu diteliti lebih lanjut agar lebih dapat memberikan manfaat positif yang lebih optimal
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi di PontianakEnda Esyudha
Pontianak sebagai salah satu kota berkembang mulai memanfaatkan teknologi untuk memajukan kotanya. Analisa terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi tersebut perlu diteliti lebih lanjut agar lebih dapat memberikan manfaat positif yang lebih optimal
Health Care Quality Improvement, is never enough, nor too much.
A vital hospital committee is Infection Control Committee, will lead teams to apply internal policies and procedures to meet better than expectations of patients and families.
When the CSO (Central Statistics Office) released its report on crime this year Dublin was, once again, shown to be the capital of Ireland when it comes to burglaries. County Louth (Drogheda and Dundalk), Wicklow, Galway Waterford and Limerick also fared quite poorly in the latest statistical breakdowns.
Visit DeWARSecure.ie for more information.
This presentation is one of a series, aiming at controlling and hazard imposed by medical waste. Trying to reach an implementation of infection control committees while working at the health care quality improvement
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
Patient focus is a fundamental principle at health care,
Targeting the safety of the patient, once realized by the health care givers, they will certainly perform with a better outcome
Photodegradation of Hexythiaz ox in Different Solvent Systems under the Influ...Dr. Sudeb Mandal
The photodegradation of the carboxamide acaricide hexythiazox in three different solvent systems (aqueous
methanolic, aqueous isopropanolic, and aqueous acetonitrilic solutions) in the presence of H2O2, KNO3, and TiO2 under ultraviolet
(UV) light (λmax g 250 nm) and sunlight (λmax g 290 nm) has been assessed in this work. The kinetics of photodecomposition of
hexythiazox and the identification of photoproducts were carried out using liquid chromatographymass spectrometry. The rate of
photodecomposition of hexythiazox in different solvents followed first-order kinetics in both UV radiation and natural sunlight, and
the degradation rates were faster under UV light than under sunlight. Hexythiazox was found to be more efficiently photodegraded
in the presence of TiO2 than in the presence of H2O2 and KNO3. Two major photoproducts were separated in pure form using
column chromatography and identified according to IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectral information as cyclohexylamine and 5-(4-
chlorophenyl)-4-methylthiazolidin-2-one. Another nine photoproducts were identified according to LC-MS/MS spectral information. The plausible photodegradation pathways of hexythiazox were proposed according to the structures of the photoproducts
There is much more to taking care of a refrigerator than simply plugging it in, putting things in it and then walking away.
If you follow these simple hints and tips you can save a surprisingly high amount of money off the cost of your electricity bills.
Log on to dewarairconditioningservice.ie to find out more great money saving tips!
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
Equoterz adalah sebuah perusahaan teknologi yang berada di Pontianak berfokus pada penyedia jasa pembuatan dan pengembangan perangkat lunak (software development).
Health, Care, Quality, improvement, Introduction Gamal Soliman 24-2010Gamal ElDin Soliman
This is a brief introduction, to essential elements for implementing health care quality improvement,
The responsibility taken by the health care providers, should stimulate them to find out better way , to be applied specifically and appropriately,
to reach better than expected for the patient and family
Patient and family rights, is an ongoing process aiming at meeting better than their expectations. The health care providers strive to achieve the task, through a dynamic model.
An added value regarding the responsibilities of the patients and their families
Here are two slideshows, head trauma, which gives a quick guide to ER team, how to prepare and manage a case with a 1st response, Then - a guideline for Tetanus prophylaxis and management, for suspected cases as hundreds of cases still are found annually. Spread the knowledge!
Health Care Quality Improvement, is never enough, nor too much.
A vital hospital committee is Infection Control Committee, will lead teams to apply internal policies and procedures to meet better than expectations of patients and families.
When the CSO (Central Statistics Office) released its report on crime this year Dublin was, once again, shown to be the capital of Ireland when it comes to burglaries. County Louth (Drogheda and Dundalk), Wicklow, Galway Waterford and Limerick also fared quite poorly in the latest statistical breakdowns.
Visit DeWARSecure.ie for more information.
This presentation is one of a series, aiming at controlling and hazard imposed by medical waste. Trying to reach an implementation of infection control committees while working at the health care quality improvement
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
Patient focus is a fundamental principle at health care,
Targeting the safety of the patient, once realized by the health care givers, they will certainly perform with a better outcome
Photodegradation of Hexythiaz ox in Different Solvent Systems under the Influ...Dr. Sudeb Mandal
The photodegradation of the carboxamide acaricide hexythiazox in three different solvent systems (aqueous
methanolic, aqueous isopropanolic, and aqueous acetonitrilic solutions) in the presence of H2O2, KNO3, and TiO2 under ultraviolet
(UV) light (λmax g 250 nm) and sunlight (λmax g 290 nm) has been assessed in this work. The kinetics of photodecomposition of
hexythiazox and the identification of photoproducts were carried out using liquid chromatographymass spectrometry. The rate of
photodecomposition of hexythiazox in different solvents followed first-order kinetics in both UV radiation and natural sunlight, and
the degradation rates were faster under UV light than under sunlight. Hexythiazox was found to be more efficiently photodegraded
in the presence of TiO2 than in the presence of H2O2 and KNO3. Two major photoproducts were separated in pure form using
column chromatography and identified according to IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectral information as cyclohexylamine and 5-(4-
chlorophenyl)-4-methylthiazolidin-2-one. Another nine photoproducts were identified according to LC-MS/MS spectral information. The plausible photodegradation pathways of hexythiazox were proposed according to the structures of the photoproducts
There is much more to taking care of a refrigerator than simply plugging it in, putting things in it and then walking away.
If you follow these simple hints and tips you can save a surprisingly high amount of money off the cost of your electricity bills.
Log on to dewarairconditioningservice.ie to find out more great money saving tips!
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
Equoterz adalah sebuah perusahaan teknologi yang berada di Pontianak berfokus pada penyedia jasa pembuatan dan pengembangan perangkat lunak (software development).
Health, Care, Quality, improvement, Introduction Gamal Soliman 24-2010Gamal ElDin Soliman
This is a brief introduction, to essential elements for implementing health care quality improvement,
The responsibility taken by the health care providers, should stimulate them to find out better way , to be applied specifically and appropriately,
to reach better than expected for the patient and family
Patient and family rights, is an ongoing process aiming at meeting better than their expectations. The health care providers strive to achieve the task, through a dynamic model.
An added value regarding the responsibilities of the patients and their families
Here are two slideshows, head trauma, which gives a quick guide to ER team, how to prepare and manage a case with a 1st response, Then - a guideline for Tetanus prophylaxis and management, for suspected cases as hundreds of cases still are found annually. Spread the knowledge!
Human factors - what role should they play in Responsible CareAdvisian
This presentation examines one facet of Human Behaviour and how attention paid to it enhances the ability of users to achieve and sustain performance excellence in terms of Plant Reliability and Safety
Insights on Culture of Quality What have I Learned 22 September 2015Ajaz Hussain
Why criticality of CGMPs not widely appreciated as expected by the customer (US FDA)?
What “norms” provide reasons to rationalize cGMP deviations?
How a company can re-build lost credibility? Better option improve credibility?
Inspired by "Moneyball" we created a tool for measuring our employees effectiveness and engagement. Data driven approach for 1:1 sessions and yearly appraisals.
Key Strategies to Survive the Mega Test ProgramTechWell
Sometime in your career as a test manager, you’ll be assigned to lead the effort for a program so large that the CEO and board of directors monitor it. These are programs that bet the organization’s future and come with a high degree of risk, visibility, pressure, and fixed deadlines. Internal audit and external third-party reviews become de rigueur. Your upstream partners—analysis, design, development, and suppliers—all appear (at least to you) to miss their deadlines with no apparent consequences. Everyone looks to you to “make your dates” so the project delivers on time and keeps the organization in business. Bob Goetz shares key strategies, techniques, and processes to help you survive and even thrive in these mega programs. Learn ways to build teams, standardize processes, measure progress, and work transparently so your business will have full confidence in you and your team—and let you sleep at night!
10 Things an Operations Supervisor can do Today to Improve ReliabilityRicky Smith CMRP, CMRT
Continuing the series that started with maintenance technicians and supervisors, if you are new to the position of Operations Supervisor, what are some of the things you can begin working on immediately to improve reliability within the area you work?
REGULATORY AND OTHER PITFALLS IN DRUG DEVELOPMENTMichael Swit
Presentation to the San Diego Chapter of the American Chemical Society on on contemporary regulatory issues in drug development, with an emphasis on:
Overall Planning
Working With FDA
Clinical Trial Execution
CMC Issues
Safety Issues
Labeling
Ingredients – Active And Inactive
Drug Development in Today's Regulatory EnvironmentMichael Swit
Webinar sponsored by NanoTecNexus (www.http://nanotecnexus.org/) on contemporary regulatory issues in drug development, with an emphasis on:
Overall Planning
Working With FDA
Clinical Trial Execution
CMC Issues
Safety Issues
Labeling
Ingredients – Active And Inactive
FDA Regulatory Considerations for the Biomedical Start-upMichael Swit
October 7, 2005 presentation to the LARTA CAP program in Newport Beach, CA, focusing on:
* 3 key roles of FDA
* tips for the unwary
* regulatory definitions
* submission types
* data required for approval
In Er, health care providers are confronted to spine injury, where wrong manipulations and positions, may provoke irreversible impacts. Here are some hints to meet the challenge
Arterial Hypertension is a devastating illness, against which we better get ready to control it - Patient and family awareness needs more effort from providers. A companion is Respiratory Distress to recognize and manage in ER
Among the health care givers, the nursing team would certainly being aware of the qualifications and responsibilities of a head nurse,
on the road to health care quality improvement
Health care givers, led by a medical director,
would get awareness to enhance a better performance, when aware of a medical director qualifications and responsibilities
The how of a design, for health care quality improvement, made simple, would help constructing bridges for and effectively acceptable template for a better performance.
Quality Management Health Plan is a roadmap to apply standards of health care quality improvement for health care providers. An individualized one is to be taken into consideration, cause quality isn't a fit-for-all dress, despite of having similar objectives
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
هذه هى سلسلة من المحاضرات للتوعية الصحية لأجل العناية بأفضل مما يمكن لإنسان أن يحصل عليه - الصحة الجيدة - وأرجو منكم أن ننشر الخير سويا عبر الاصدقاء والعائلات والجيران وحتى الاطفال - فهذا واجب لمجتمعاتنا العربية فى زمن نحتاج فيه للوحدة والتكاتف والاعتدال والايجابية
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Pharynx and Clinical Correlations BY Dr.Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
health, Quality, methodolgy-draft-01
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Health Care,Health Care,
Not only qualityNot only quality
But also improvementBut also improvement
Rule # TwoRule # Two
Health Care Quality isn’t aHealth Care Quality isn’t a
destination but a Tripdestination but a Trip
2. Prepared By Dr Gamal SolimanPrepared By Dr Gamal Soliman
AgendaAgenda
31-05-201031-05-2010
Health Care QualityHealth Care Quality
Methods for Policies andMethods for Policies and
ProceduresProcedures
ImplementationImplementation
““Problem Solving”Problem Solving”
3. Prepared By Dr Gamal SolimanPrepared By Dr Gamal Soliman
PartsParts
------------------
1- PDCA= Plan, Do Check, Act1- PDCA= Plan, Do Check, Act
2- FOCUS= Find, Organize,2- FOCUS= Find, Organize,
Clarify, Understand, SelectClarify, Understand, Select
3- SE = Sentinel Events3- SE = Sentinel Events
4- SWOT= Strength, Weakness,4- SWOT= Strength, Weakness,
Opportunity, ThreatsOpportunity, Threats
5- TF= Team Formation5- TF= Team Formation
4. Prepared By Dr Gamal SolimanPrepared By Dr Gamal Soliman
PART 1PART 1
PDCAPDCA
Plan Do Check ActPlan Do Check Act
Used for a problem seen forUsed for a problem seen for
1st time1st time
Also called “Deming Cycle”Also called “Deming Cycle”
5. Prepared By Dr Gamal SolimanPrepared By Dr Gamal Soliman
PDCA: -
It is a simple, logical,
and systematic approach to
1- Compose a new process
2- Problem solving.
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Plan:
1- Design a timeline of resources
,activities, training and target
dates.
2-Develop a data collection plan.
3- Assess tools for measuring
outcomes.
4- Determine when to get
the target
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Do:
Collect DATA & implement
interventions.
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Check:
analyze results of data
and evaluate reasons
for variation.
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Act:
act on what is learned and determine
next steps.
1-If the intervention is successful, work
to make it part of operating procedure.
2- If it is not successful, analyze
sources of failure, design new solutions
and repeat the PDCA cycle.
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PART 2PART 2
FOCUSFOCUS
In case a process already exists,
Begin with FOCUS
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FOCUSFOCUS
Stands for:Stands for:
• Find a process to improve
• Organize to improve a process
• Clarify what is known
• Understand variation
• Select a process improvement
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Step 1 "F" Find
a problem, process improvement
opportunity.
• Problem identified through
assessment or through prioritization?
• What is your baseline data ,
• Who are the internal and external
customers?
• Write a one or two sentence of the
improvements that is needed.
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Step 2
"O" Organize
• One team that knows about the problem or
process in review.
Who would be helpful?
Tell the selected team to achieve the
purpose of the project.
Plan and decide who is going to be the
leader, as well as who is going to write and
document.
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Step 3.
"C" Clarify current knowledge of
the process/problem.
A problem well stated is a
problem half solved.
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Analyze the process
the background of the problem?
What is the cost of the process?
Is there customer complaints,
incidents?
Is the problem chronic or
sporadic?
Use tools: flowcharting and
brainstorming.
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Step 4. "U" for Understand
1-Causes of process variation
and find possible causes of
problem.
2-Investigate unusual
happenings that require some
research & analysis.
The Ishikawa or cause-effect fishbone
diagram
M.M.M.M.E.
men (personnel, staffing and training), materials or
items used, the methods or operating procedures,
machines or equipment such as computer systems,
and the environment such as sound and workload
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Step4 follow
M.M.M.M.E. mnemonic
Men (personnel, staffing and
training)
Materials or items used
Methods or operating
procedures
Machines or equipment such as
computer systems,
Environment such as sound and
workload
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Step4 follow
Ask yourself questions, what
might be the cause?
Is the problem affected by
employee fatigue related to on-
call schedule?
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Step 5
"S" Selects
•Select the performance
improvement to consider as
priority
•select an improvement
strategy
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RememberRemember
"Quality is never an accident, it
is always the result of:
1.high intention
2. sincere effort
3. intelligent direction
4. skillful execution.
It represents the wise choice of
many alternatives."
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Step 5 followfollow
Define: goal, process, or outcome
improvement.
Questions to ask :
Will the action eliminate the
problem?
Will process variation be decreased?
1. Identify the potential action,
solution, alternative
2.consider many alternative actions &
choose the best solution or first steps
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Part3Part3
SE = SentinelSE = Sentinel
EventsEvents
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DefinitionDefinition::
A “Sentinel Event” is an
unexpected occurrence involving
death or serious physical or
psychological injury, not related
to the natural course of a
patient’s illness or underlying
condition.
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“serious physical or
psychological injury” specifically
includes loss of limb or function.
That includes any process
which would carry a significant
chance of a serious adverse
outcome and includes delays in
diagnosis and treatment.
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Outcome is not death or major permanent
loss of function:
• Suicide
• Homicide
• Surgery on the wrong patient or body part
• Impairment (major/permanent loss of bodily
function – i.e. serious physical or
psychological injury not result of an
underlying medical condition.
• Any unexpected death with no relation to
underlying medical condition
• Rape
• Child Abduction or discharge to the
wrong family
• Hemolytic Blood Transfusion
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Part 4Part 4
SWOT=SWOT=
Strength, Weakness,Strength, Weakness,
Opportunity, ThreatsOpportunity, Threats
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Definition
Methodically and honestly assessing
your company’s strengths and
weaknesses plus the opportunities and
threats. It gives you a rare opportunity
for objective analysis.
A SWOT analysis helps you match
your company’s resources to threats
and opportunities in the competitive
environment.
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SWOT
Set an objective for the analysis
Set adequate time for
information-gathering
Evaluate the results of your
analysis against your original
objective
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SWOT
easy to use
combines quantitative and
qualitative analysis
encourages interdepartmental
collaboration
can help you set a strategic
plan or present new ideas to
your team.
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1.List external opportunities
2.List external threats.
3.List internal strengths.
4.List internal weaknesses.
Match 1 and 2
With 3 and 4
To obtain strategies
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Strengths can come
from many sources,
•team members,
•product line,
•bank account,
•Production process,
•patents,
•market share.
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SWOT Assess in 3 AreasSWOT Assess in 3 Areas
1- The level of1- The level of serviceservice wewe
provideprovide
2- The2- The competencecompetence of ourof our
teams workingteams working
3- The3- The performanceperformance of ourof our
hospitalhospital
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Part 5- TFPart 5- TF
Team FormationTeam Formation
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"a team is a collection of individuals who exist
within a larger social system.
This system over here is a hospital,
These people who can be identified
by themselves and others as a team,
who are interdependent,
and who perform tasks that affect
other individuals and groups.
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Types of Teams:
1-Project (Task) Teams
Well-defined assignments are
the focus of the Project (or
Task) Team.
2- Cross-functional Teams
The Cross-functional Team is
comprised of members from
different departments.
3- Self-directed Teams
"empowered to make certain
decisions about their work”
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BENEFITS OF TEAMS
• a proven tool for change;
• a means to tap into the
experiences and ideas of
employees at all levels of the
medical practice;
• greater productivity, more
effective use of resources,
increased
• creativity and innovation,
and higher quality decision
making,
• which can in turn lead to
the development of a more
sound organization
• empowerment at all levels
of the organization.