Public health is defined as “the approach to medicine that is concerned with the health of the community as a whole” ("Definition of Public Health", 2013). Without public health, health care would be in vain. A person could be in perfect health one day, come in contact with a person with a contagious disease, and be dead within twenty-four hours. This paper will discuss the local health department.
For an appropriate health intervention to be implemented in a community, it is required to define the health needs of the community.
Communities vary by way of their geographic location, occupation, ethnicity, housing conditions, beliefs, festivals, oracle or religious beliefs, topography, etc. that in one way or another influences their health. These communal traits may also in turn influence their attitude towards traditional or modern health care. Meaning, every community provides its own unique/ special health challenges to the health authority and one cannot be used completely for the other. To obtain this important data, a community diagnosis is done to comprehensively assess the health state of the community in relation to the social, physical and biological environment. This qualitative and quantitative description of the health of the citizens of the community is important to ascertain the characteristics that put members at higher risk or lower risk or may actually be protective.
Ankyease community was coined from the local name of the Guava tree. That is “Atia” = guava tree and “ase” = under (Twi language). Put together, we have under the Guava tree.
Community diagnosis of Ankyease was done and the observation summarized in this presentation. A descriptive/ cross-sectional study was done within the period of July and August 2017. A structured questionnaire was used but a visit to each of the 50 household (sample size), involved an informal focus-group/ qualitative interview to buttress some of the responses given by the respondents. A visual observation of the community was also done to obtain the housing profile and other structures of interest.
Most of the inhabitants of the community were of Ewe background and mostly below the age of 18 years. On the average, most of the members of each household or occupants were below the 5 in number.
The usual high prevalence of malaria was observed with an increase in the incidence of teenage pregnancy. There were no toilet facilities, schools, health centres as well as any established local or traditional industries within the community. They however produce most of their staple foods themselves since most of them are farmers. Others were also involved in the trading of firewood with the nearby communities for money, fish or any other good that may be mutually acceptable to both parties.
Primary Health Care Strategy:
Key Directions for the Information Environment. Case study report and composite success model.
Steve Creed & Philip Gander
Public health is defined as “the approach to medicine that is concerned with the health of the community as a whole” ("Definition of Public Health", 2013). Without public health, health care would be in vain. A person could be in perfect health one day, come in contact with a person with a contagious disease, and be dead within twenty-four hours. This paper will discuss the local health department.
For an appropriate health intervention to be implemented in a community, it is required to define the health needs of the community.
Communities vary by way of their geographic location, occupation, ethnicity, housing conditions, beliefs, festivals, oracle or religious beliefs, topography, etc. that in one way or another influences their health. These communal traits may also in turn influence their attitude towards traditional or modern health care. Meaning, every community provides its own unique/ special health challenges to the health authority and one cannot be used completely for the other. To obtain this important data, a community diagnosis is done to comprehensively assess the health state of the community in relation to the social, physical and biological environment. This qualitative and quantitative description of the health of the citizens of the community is important to ascertain the characteristics that put members at higher risk or lower risk or may actually be protective.
Ankyease community was coined from the local name of the Guava tree. That is “Atia” = guava tree and “ase” = under (Twi language). Put together, we have under the Guava tree.
Community diagnosis of Ankyease was done and the observation summarized in this presentation. A descriptive/ cross-sectional study was done within the period of July and August 2017. A structured questionnaire was used but a visit to each of the 50 household (sample size), involved an informal focus-group/ qualitative interview to buttress some of the responses given by the respondents. A visual observation of the community was also done to obtain the housing profile and other structures of interest.
Most of the inhabitants of the community were of Ewe background and mostly below the age of 18 years. On the average, most of the members of each household or occupants were below the 5 in number.
The usual high prevalence of malaria was observed with an increase in the incidence of teenage pregnancy. There were no toilet facilities, schools, health centres as well as any established local or traditional industries within the community. They however produce most of their staple foods themselves since most of them are farmers. Others were also involved in the trading of firewood with the nearby communities for money, fish or any other good that may be mutually acceptable to both parties.
Primary Health Care Strategy:
Key Directions for the Information Environment. Case study report and composite success model.
Steve Creed & Philip Gander
Health promotion is directed towards action on the determinants or causes of health. Health promotion, therefore, requires a close co-operation of sectors beyond health services, reflecting the diversity of conditions which influence health. Government at both local and national levels has a unique responsibility to act appropriately and in a timely way to ensure that the ‘total’ environment, which is beyond the control of individuals and groups, is conducive to health. It is a positive concept emphasizing personal, social, political and institutional resources, as well as physical capacities. Health promotion is any combination of health, education, economic, political, spiritual or organizational initiative designed to bring about positive attitudinal, behavioral, social or environmental changes conducive to improving the health of populations.
Health promotion is necessary to make people aware about health related problems and to cure them. Read this report to know various role of government strategies in promoting health.
Health Equity Advisory Group Recommendations 06-19-2020Franklin Matters
DPH Commissioner Monica Bharel convened the COVID-19 Health Equity Advisory Group to advise DPH on the needs of communities and populations disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
2016 16th population health colloquium: summary of proceedings Innovations2Solutions
This paper will discuss the four key ideas discussed at the Colloquium that will have important ramifications as healthcare organizations seek to implement population health strategies:
1. understanding and alleviating Patient fear is Key to Patient experience
2. the Case for a new Population Health Protection agenda as a means to drive down Healthcare Costs
3. using data and technology to improve Healthcare for older adults
4. engage Consumers in Wellness-based Population Health and thrive financially
Health promotion is directed towards action on the determinants or causes of health. Health promotion, therefore, requires a close co-operation of sectors beyond health services, reflecting the diversity of conditions which influence health. Government at both local and national levels has a unique responsibility to act appropriately and in a timely way to ensure that the ‘total’ environment, which is beyond the control of individuals and groups, is conducive to health. It is a positive concept emphasizing personal, social, political and institutional resources, as well as physical capacities. Health promotion is any combination of health, education, economic, political, spiritual or organizational initiative designed to bring about positive attitudinal, behavioral, social or environmental changes conducive to improving the health of populations.
Health promotion is necessary to make people aware about health related problems and to cure them. Read this report to know various role of government strategies in promoting health.
Health Equity Advisory Group Recommendations 06-19-2020Franklin Matters
DPH Commissioner Monica Bharel convened the COVID-19 Health Equity Advisory Group to advise DPH on the needs of communities and populations disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
2016 16th population health colloquium: summary of proceedings Innovations2Solutions
This paper will discuss the four key ideas discussed at the Colloquium that will have important ramifications as healthcare organizations seek to implement population health strategies:
1. understanding and alleviating Patient fear is Key to Patient experience
2. the Case for a new Population Health Protection agenda as a means to drive down Healthcare Costs
3. using data and technology to improve Healthcare for older adults
4. engage Consumers in Wellness-based Population Health and thrive financially
Foundational Learning in Social Determinants of Health for Health Professionals by Dr. Haydee Encarnacion Garcia. Presented at the Emerging Trends in Nursing Conference at Indiana Wesleyan University on June 1, 2017.
A Career in Public Health Essay examples
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False accusation of plagiarism by professor discriminationModupe Sarratt
Unforgettable higher education injustice
I considered the accusation of plagiarism is an unforgettable injustice to any foreign origin as well as the lack of career readiness for job placement as an injustice to the college graduates.
In my experience of false accusation of plagiarism is by discrimination due to my national origin as foreign students to share my experience in English class. In all my endeavors I am proud of myself for working hard to earn an “A” for grade is what I cherished to go forward to do better because I was lucky that the plagiarism accusation is discrimination for demotion or reduction of my grade from A to D to end up with an associate degree in medical assisting with GPA 3.15. As a result of the experience, I took the opportunity to prove myself with pursuing a bachelor degree in psychology to take college writing for researching with GPA 3.25 in Psychology. Then progress to earn my master degree in healthcare administration with GPA 3.75
Although I love Anne Arundel College, however, the experiences of false accusation of plagiarisms feel as discrimination to hamper/hinder my progress for higher education. I do wish that the rule or the policy is being evaluated to be fair so that some student will not feel as if they are the target for plagiarism due to their national origin.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
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MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdf
HCAD 630 Graded Discussion
1. Discussion 1
Topic: The Professional Community
Selection: American Public Health Association (APHA)
Modupe O Sarratt
HCAD 630 HCAD 630 9040
Posted Discussion: October 04, 2016
2. Discussion 2
American Public Health Association (APHA)
I selected American Public Health Association (APHA) for my research to answer the questions
and to include information that enables me to understand the organization. I like APHA for
science, for action, and for health. The history of the American Public Health Association
(APHA) started with control of communicable disease’s progress with making the connection for
health and continuing with the educational programs for improving health, wellness, medicines,
and communities to be the champion for public health.
APHA for champions; according to the organization website, their vision for the health is for all
people and communities, “We are the only organization that influences federal policy, has a 140-
plus year perspective and brings together members from all fields of health” to invite people to
become a member to donate to their course. The organization produce health newsletter to
symbolize having a clear vision for health that build on evidence and science to achieve and
advance health. I liked the organization because I see the potential to be effective with overall
health for the wellness of a nation. First, what role did American Public Health Association
(APHA) play in public health, what mechanisms do they use and why I joined the organization?
What role did APHA play in public health?
The organizational of the public health play the roles of generation for creating healthy
communities by promoting hygiene and protecting the health of people and the communities
where they live, learn, work and play. The APHA is special because they reach out to the people
and the communities to see how they can be of help for their health to prevent injury. They go
out of their ways to educate the people about health and safety for promoting wellness.
Their mechanism for preventing illness is by education and by intervention. Intervention such as
free vaccines to immunize the children from childhood diseases, provide flu shots and
pneumonia vaccines to vulnerable adults and communities, they encourage communities to
report the communicable disease to prevent the spreading of contagious diseases. Education
includes informing the people about the risks of alcohol and tobacco. Their role includes setting
safety standards to protect workers and develops school nutrition programs to ensure kids have
access to healthy food. They also involve in shaping the laws that promote seatbelt and giving
scientifically based advice to help with providing solutions to problems (APHA, 2016). Overall,
according to APHA website, the organization helps public health to prevent endemic, reduce
disease mortality, saves money, improves the quality of lives, helps the children to thrive and
reduces human suffering.
I joined the organization because my beliefs include prevention. I actually cherished the common
saying for “preventing an illness is better than curing a sickness” to think never to allow the bad
things to happen in the first place is the best defense. There is no harm in preventing an illness
besides to avoid a sickness. I think public health is the opposite of practicing medicine. I prefer
not to get sick to cherish preventing anything that will make me sick such as if washing my hand
to eliminate some germs is a good idea. Also, I joined the organization for impacting knowledge
for my beliefs that “knowledge is power” if we know what can make us sick I’m sure we would
try to avoid getting sick.
3. Discussion 3
Although I believe practicing medicine is trial and error for what we have no knowledge.
Practicing medicine is figuring out what would help to reduce mortality of a disease because
practicing medicine is after the fact that we have a disease that is making us sicker and practicing
of medicine is providing treatment to stop the sickness or minimize the effect of a sickness for a
scar. The good news is public health work with medical practice to eradicate some diseases.
Why did you select this article?
I selected the media files article fact sheet from APHA to learn about Public Health Funding for
CDC and HRSA. The article is very important for identifying the role of the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) and the role of the Health Resources and Services Administration
(HRSA). This is the link to the journal article phpr-overview-fact-sheet-2016.pdf
What impact has it had or might it have?
The article provides in-depth information about Public Health, CDC, HRSA and the role that
each organization play to prevent diseases, to improve individual health, and to build healthy
communities.
CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDC is the source for translating research finding into effective intervention effort for
emergency, prevention and safety, and is the key source of funding for many states and local
programs that improve the health of communities as well as the overall health of the country.
The Impact of CDC on Public Health
CDC is the office of public health preparedness aimed for activities in response to emergencies
and preparing the communities for disease outbreaks and natural disasters. The roles of CDC
include providing “scientific and logistic expertise for deploying personnel and critical medical
assets to the site of an emergency to coordinate activities across state, local, tribal, territorial,
national and international public health partners to make significant contributions” for
emergency readiness to respond to save life and provide shelter (CDC, 2016). The goal of CDC
is about preparing to live to save others with day-to-day activities that influence the public
health. According to CDC, the public health system includes
Public health agencies at state and local levels
Healthcare providers
Public safety agencies
Human service and charity organizations
Education and youth development organizations
Recreation and arts-related organizations
Economic and philanthropic organizations
Environmental agencies and organizations
4. Discussion 4
CDC chart illustrates the 10 essential public health systems
The 10 Essential Public Health Services
Figure 2: The 10 Essential Public Health Services
The 10 Essential Public Health Services describe the public health activities that all communities
should undertake and serve as the framework for the NPHPS instruments. Public health systems
should
1. Monitor health status to identify and solve community health problems.
2. Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
3. Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues.
4. Mobilize community partnerships and action to identify and solve health problems.
5. Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts.
6. Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety.
7. Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when
otherwise unavailable.
8. Assure competent public and personal health care workforce.
9. Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health
services.
10. Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
HRSA: Health Resources Service Administration
HRSA is the health workforce for innovative programs use to deliver quality health services to
people who live in medically underserved areas. HRSA helps to build healthy communities.
The impact of HRSA on Public Health
HRSA is the communities of practice to improve public health by providing the monasteries like
mother Theresa humanity services to “achieving health equity and improving health outcome
with links Primary Care and Public Health to improve individual health outcomes and the overall
5. Discussion 5
community health”. According to HRSA (2016) website; their five priorities include (1) health
equity, (2) primary care and public health, (3) research, evaluation, and data, (4) workforce
empowerment, and (5) collaboration of programs to achieve public health goals. The
organization goals are to advance health equity by means of eliminating disparities related to
social position such poverty, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, education, or other
factors to improving health outcomes for equal opportunity is access to health. (HRSA, 2016)
Summary
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are the hubs for public health readiness to respond to
health threats to the public to save lives at home, in a community or at abroad by providing
funding. CDC also regulates biological agents and toxin to protect health and safety of the
American people by offering technical assistance for monitoring and coordinating activities for
health emergency, disease outbreaks and natural disasters.
Health Resource and Service Administration focuses on strategies for reducing health disparities
to assess community health status of different groups of people, especially the minorities for
access to care and to provide the method of research for tracking rates of illness and chronic
conditions to determine the appropriate program for an intervention. For example, telemedicine
is a health program to underserved communities for long distance and without medical facility to
use the internet to access for care. Other strategies is facilitating of programs such as telehealth
for online evaluation of conditions to make a recommendation for medical intervention.
Public health focuses on safeguarding and improving the physical, mental, and social well-being
of the community through promotion of healthy lifestyles, research for preventing injury and
detection for control of infectious disease. Public health is the overall connection of art and
science of protecting and improving health of families and communities or in abroad.
From a personal perspective or viewpoint, Public Health is best define as actions that society
takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people live can be healthy due to
personal health activities that include eating and drinking wisely, wearing a safety belt, visiting a
physician for medical checkups and communicating about wellness within the community.
6. Discussion 6
References
APHA. (2016). American Public Health Association for Science, For action, For. Health.
Retrieved from http://www.apha.org/
CDC. (2016). Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/phpr/overview/ourrole.htm
CDC. (2016). Public Health System and the 10 Essential Public Health Services. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/nphpsp/essentialServices.html
HRSA. (2016). Public Health Five Priorities. Retrieved from
http://www.hrsa.gov/publichealth/index.html
Public Health Fact Sheet. (2016). CDC and HRSA Fact Sheet (2016) Retrieved from
https://www.apha.org/publications-and-periodicals/fact-sheets
Links to the selected journals
CDC-Public Health System.pdf(936.74 KB)
Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response.pdf(320.85 KB)