This document provides an overview of Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP), a structured technique for identifying potential hazards and operability problems in systems. HAZOP involves examining a system and considering how intended design and operations could deviate using guide words. It is useful for risk assessments of facilities, equipment, and processes. The methodology involves defining the system scope, preparing by selecting a team and guide words, and then systematically examining each part of the system to identify potential deviations, consequences, and risk control measures. HAZOP relies on subject matter experts to brainstorm deviations and is intended to comprehensively and inductively identify risks from the bottom-up.
At the end of this presentation, you can explain the concepts, as below:
1) Distinction between Hazard, Harm, and Risk
2) HAZOP Analysis Concept
3) Importance of HAZOP application, merits and demerits
4) HAZOP methodology and related Phases
5) Working with PHA Pro Software
The Effectiveness of the Hazard and Operability Study Methodology in Process ...PECB
HAZOP is the acronym for HAZard and OPerability study. It is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing product, process, procedure or system. It is used to identify risks to people, equipment, environment and/or organizational objectives, focusing primarily on the design intent of the particular system.
The presentation introduces best practice approaches in conducting a HAZOP Study based on IEC Standard- 61882.
In this webinar, the presenter speaks freely of his experience in leading an actual HAZOP Study and highlights the advantages of this risk assessment technique.
Main points covered:
• How to create awareness of the use of the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Methodology in process Hazard Analysis (PHA)?
• How to familiarize Potential HAZOP Team Members with their Roles and Responsibilities in the HAZOP Examination of a Typical Facility?
A Case Summary Study Approach will be used based on the presenter’s own experience of leading an actual HAZOP Study.
Presenter:
This session was presented by PECB Trainer Jacob McLean, Principal Consultant and Managing Director of Kaizen Training & Management Consultants Limited.
Link of the recorded session published on YouTube: https://youtu.be/IvsrlHFADTo
At the end of this presentation, you can explain the concepts, as below:
1) Distinction between Hazard, Harm, and Risk
2) HAZOP Analysis Concept
3) Importance of HAZOP application, merits and demerits
4) HAZOP methodology and related Phases
5) Working with PHA Pro Software
The Effectiveness of the Hazard and Operability Study Methodology in Process ...PECB
HAZOP is the acronym for HAZard and OPerability study. It is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing product, process, procedure or system. It is used to identify risks to people, equipment, environment and/or organizational objectives, focusing primarily on the design intent of the particular system.
The presentation introduces best practice approaches in conducting a HAZOP Study based on IEC Standard- 61882.
In this webinar, the presenter speaks freely of his experience in leading an actual HAZOP Study and highlights the advantages of this risk assessment technique.
Main points covered:
• How to create awareness of the use of the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Methodology in process Hazard Analysis (PHA)?
• How to familiarize Potential HAZOP Team Members with their Roles and Responsibilities in the HAZOP Examination of a Typical Facility?
A Case Summary Study Approach will be used based on the presenter’s own experience of leading an actual HAZOP Study.
Presenter:
This session was presented by PECB Trainer Jacob McLean, Principal Consultant and Managing Director of Kaizen Training & Management Consultants Limited.
Link of the recorded session published on YouTube: https://youtu.be/IvsrlHFADTo
Safety in your company is a top priority, have you completed a process hazard analysis recently? When you complete a thorough PHA it improves safety, benefits your employees, streamlines the process and boosts your bottom line. In this slideshow, you can learn more about what a Process Hazard Analysis is, how it is completed properly and what to do with that information.
The Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) is a structured and systematic assessment of a complex system, (such as process facility) in order to identify the hazards that can cause potential danger to Personnel, Equipment, Environment, as well as system operability.
iFluids Engineering is a leading provider of HAZOP study consulting services in India & have extensive experience working on HAZOP studies in India, Qatar, Oman, Tunisia, and many other countries
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hello there , During M pharm , I have presented this for seminar purpose named as '' QUALITY RISK MANAGEMENT " Hope it will reach your expectations. thank you.
HAZOP, or a Hazard and Operability Study, is a systematic way to identify possible hazards in a work process. In this approach, the process is broken down into steps, and every variation in work parameters is considered for each step, to see what could go wrong. HAZOP’s meticulous approach is commonly used with chemical production and piping systems, where miles of pipes and numerous containers can cause logistical headaches.
HAZOP and Hazard Analysis Systems
A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing process or operation in order to identify and evaluate problems that may represent risks to personnel or equipment, or prevent efficient operation.
The HAZOP technique was initially developed to analyze chemical process systems, but has later been extended to other types of systems and also to complex operations and to software systems.
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A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
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Safety in your company is a top priority, have you completed a process hazard analysis recently? When you complete a thorough PHA it improves safety, benefits your employees, streamlines the process and boosts your bottom line. In this slideshow, you can learn more about what a Process Hazard Analysis is, how it is completed properly and what to do with that information.
The Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) is a structured and systematic assessment of a complex system, (such as process facility) in order to identify the hazards that can cause potential danger to Personnel, Equipment, Environment, as well as system operability.
iFluids Engineering is a leading provider of HAZOP study consulting services in India & have extensive experience working on HAZOP studies in India, Qatar, Oman, Tunisia, and many other countries
Understanding HAZOP: Implementation, Advantages, and Limitations in the Oil a...soginsider
Navigate through the intricacies of the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) within the oil and gas industry in this engaging SlideShare presentation. Packed into 14 impactful slides, the presentation elaborates on fundamental aspects such as how HAZOP works, the steps involved in conducting a HAZOP study, its applications in designing new systems, and enhancing safety in existing ones. Furthermore, the dialogue extends to discuss the limitations of HAZOP and practical ways to overcome them.
ICH Guideline Q9 - Quality Risk Managementmuna_ali
A presentation of the ICH guideline Q9 (Quality Risk Management). It discusses the basic risk management procedure, list of recognized risk management tools and its role in pharmaceutical industry.
hello there , During M pharm , I have presented this for seminar purpose named as '' QUALITY RISK MANAGEMENT " Hope it will reach your expectations. thank you.
HAZOP, or a Hazard and Operability Study, is a systematic way to identify possible hazards in a work process. In this approach, the process is broken down into steps, and every variation in work parameters is considered for each step, to see what could go wrong. HAZOP’s meticulous approach is commonly used with chemical production and piping systems, where miles of pipes and numerous containers can cause logistical headaches.
HAZOP and Hazard Analysis Systems
A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing process or operation in order to identify and evaluate problems that may represent risks to personnel or equipment, or prevent efficient operation.
The HAZOP technique was initially developed to analyze chemical process systems, but has later been extended to other types of systems and also to complex operations and to software systems.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
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Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
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We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
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HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
1. Manufacturing Technology Committee – Risk Management Working Group
Risk Management Training Guides
Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 1 of 9
1 Overview
Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP) is a structured and systematic technique for
system examination and risk management. In particular, HAZOP is often used as a
technique for identifying potential hazards in a system and identifying operability problems
likely to lead to nonconforming products. HAZOP is based on a
theory that assumes risk events are caused by deviations from
design or operating intentions. Identification of such deviations is
facilitated by using sets of “guide words” as a systematic list of
deviation perspectives. This approach is a unique feature of the
HAZOP methodology that helps stimulate the imagination of team
members when exploring potential deviations.
As a risk assessment tool, HAZOP is often described as:
A brainstorming technique
A qualitative risk assessment tool
An inductive risk assessment tool, meaning that it is a “bottom-up” risk identification
approach, where success relies on the ability of subject matter experts (SMEs) to
predict deviations based on past experiences and general subject matter expertise
The ICHQ9 Guideline, Quality Risk Management endorses the use of HAZOP (amongst
other allowable tools) for pharmaceutical quality risk management. In addition to its utility
in Quality Risk Management, HAZOP is also commonly used in risk assessments for
industrial and environmental health and safety applications. Additional details on the
HAZOP methodology may be found within IEC International Standard 61882, Hazard and
Operability Studies (HAZOP) Application Guide.
This document presents some guiding principles in the execution of HAZOP analyses.
Successful application of any risk management model requires that tools are used in concert
with the overall quality risk management process. This guide will present the principles of
HAZOP in the context of the accepted Quality Risk Management process consisting of Risk
Assessment, Risk Control, Risk Review and Communication and is intended to compliment
(not replace or repeat) the guidance available within IEC International Standard 61882.
1.1 Definitions
When describing the HAZOP methodology, the following definitions1
are useful:
Hazard - Potential source of harm. Deviations from design or operational intent
may constitute or produce a hazard. Hazards are the focus of HAZOP
studies, and it should be noted that a single hazard could potentially
lead to multiple forms of harm.
Definition: SYSTEM is the
subject of a risk
assessment and generally
includes a process,
product, activity, facility
or logical system.
2. Training Guide: Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 2 of 9
Harm - Physical injury or damage to the health of people or damage to property
or the environment. Harm is the consequence of a hazard occurring and
may take many forms: patient or user safety, employee safety, business
risks, regulatory risks, environmental risks, etc.
Risk - Combination of probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of
that harm. In a strict sense, “risk” is not always explicitly identified in
HAZOP studies since the core methodology does not require
identification (also referred to as rating) of the probability or severity of
harm. However, risk assessment teams may choose to rate these factors
in order to further quantify and prioritize risks if needed.
1.2 Usage
HAZOP is best suited for assessing hazards in facilities, equipment, and processes
and is capable of assessing systems from multiple perspectives:
Design
o Assessing system design capability to meet user specifications and
safety standards
o Identifying weaknesses in systems
Physical and operational environments
o Assessing environment to ensure system is appropriately situated,
supported, serviced, contained, etc.
Operational and procedural controls
o Assessing engineered controls (ex: automation), sequences of
operations, procedural controls (ex: human interactions) etc.
o Assessing different operational modes – start-up, standby, normal
operation, steady & unsteady states, normal shutdown, emergency
shutdown, etc.
Advantages Disadvantages
+ Helpful when confronting hazards that
are difficult to quantify
Hazards rooted in human
performance and behaviors
Hazards that are difficult to detect,
analyze, isolate, count, predict, etc.
Methodology doesn’t force you to
explicitly rate or measure deviation
probability of occurrence, severity of
impact, or ability to detect
+ Built-in brainstorming methodology
+ Systematic & comprehensive
methodology
+ More simple and intuitive than other
commonly used risk management tools
- No means to assess hazards involving
interactions between different parts of a
system or process
- No risk ranking or prioritization
capability
Teams may optionally build-in such
capability as required
- No means to assess effectiveness of
existing or proposed controls (safeguards)
May need to interface HAZOP with
other risk management tools (ex:
HACCP) for this purpose
3. Training Guide: Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 3 of 9
2 HAZOP Methodology1
The HAZOP analysis process is executed in four phases as illustrated below:
2.1 Definition Phase
The Definition Phase typically begins with preliminary identification of risk
assessment team members. HAZOP is intended to be a cross-functional team effort,
and relies on specialists (SMEs) from various disciplines with appropriate skills and
experience who display intuition and good judgment.1
SMEs should be carefully
chosen to include those with a broad and current knowledge of system deviations.
HAZOP should always be carried out in a climate of positive thinking and frank
discussion.1
During the Definition Phase, the risk assessment team must identify the assessment
scope carefully in order to focus effort. This includes defining study boundaries and
key interfaces as well as key assumptions that the assessment will be performed
under.
2.2 Preparation Phase
The Preparation Phase typically includes the following activities:
Identifying and locating supporting data and information
Definition
•Define scope and objectives
•Define responsibilities
•Select Team
Preparation
•Plan the study
•Collect data
•Agree style of recording
•Estimate the time
•Arrange a schedule
Examination
•Divide the system into parts
•Select a part and define design intent
•Identify deviation by using guide words on each
element
•Identify consequences and causes
•Identify whether a significant problem exists
•Identify protection, detection, and indicating
mechanisms
•Identify possible remedial/mitigating measures
(optional)
•Agree actions
•Repeat for each element and then each part
Documentation and
follow-up
•Record the examination
•Sign off the documentation
•Produce the report of the
study
•Follow up that actions are
implemented
•Re-study any parts of system
if necessary
•Produce final output report
4. Training Guide: Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 4 of 9
Identification of the audience and users of the study outputs
Project management preparations (ex: scheduling meetings, transcribing
proceedings, etc.)
Consensus on template format for recording study outputs
Consensus on HAZOP guide words to be used during the study
HAZOP guide words are key supporting elements in the execution of a HAZOP
analysis. According to IEC Standard 61882:
The identification of deviations from the design intent is achieved by a
questioning process using predetermined “guide words”. The role of the guide
word is to stimulate imaginative thinking, to focus the study and elicit ideas and
discussion.
Risk assessment teams are responsible for identifying the guide words that will best
suit the scope and problem statement for their analysis. Some common HAZOP
guide words include:
No or not Other than
More Early
Less Late
As well as Before
Part of After
Reverse (of intent) Others can be crafted as needed…
Tip: The HAZOP guide word
concept can be used to stimulate
brainstorming of potential risks
within other risk assessment tools
as well
5. Training Guide: Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 5 of 9
HAZOP guide words work by providing a systematic and consistent means of
brainstorming potential deviations to operations. The following example shows how
different HAZOP guide words might be used to brainstorm deviations around
detergent control for a cleaning operation:
No or not - no detergent added Part of - critical detergent component
omitted (ex: surfactant)
More - too much detergent volume added
(difficult to rinse)
Reverse - detergent is contaminated
with a harmful hazard
More – supplied detergent solution
concentration is too high
Other than - wrong detergent used
Less - too little detergent volume added (soil
isn’t effectively removed)
Early - detergent added too early (ex:
if you need to pre-rinse bulk soil to
drain before washing with detergent)
Less – supplied detergent solution
concentration is too low
Late - detergent added too late in the
cleaning cycle
Once the HAZOP guide words are selected, the Examination Phase may begin.
2.3 Examination Phase
The Examination Phase begins with identification of all elements (parts or steps) of
the system or process to be examined. For example:
Physical systems may be broken down into smaller parts as necessary
Processes may be broken down into discrete steps or phases
Similar parts or steps may be grouped together to facilitate assessment
The HAZOP guide words are then applied to each of the elements. In this fashion a
thorough search for deviations is carried out in a systematic manner. It must be noted
that not all combinations of guide words and elements are expected to yield sensible
or credible deviation possibilities. As a general rule, all reasonable use and misuse
conditions which are expected by the user should be identified and subsequently
challenged to determine if they are “credible” and whether they should be assessed
any further. 1
There is no need to explicitly document the instances when
combinations of elements and guide words do not yield any credible deviations.
6. Training Guide: Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 6 of 9
The following figure graphically illustrates the HAZOP Examination Phase process
flow.1
7. Training Guide: Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 7 of 9
2.4 Documentation & Follow-up Phase
The documentation of HAZOP analyses is often facilitated by utilizing a template
recording form as detailed in IEC Standard 61882. Risk assessment teams may
modify the template as necessary based on factors such as:
Regulatory requirements
Need for more explicit risk rating or prioritization (ex: rating deviation
probabilities, severities, and/or detection)
Company documentation policies
Needs for traceability or audit readiness
Other factors
A typical HAZOP recording template is shown on the following page, including
example entries that correspond to the cleaning process analysis example from
section 2.2.
8. Manufacturing Technology Committee – Risk Management Working Group
Risk Management Training Guides
Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 8 of 9
Engineer
Consider
alarm for low
detergent
reservoir
level
Assumes
technicians can
reliably estimate
volume visually
Technicians
check detergent
reservoir before
every cycle
Residues not
effectively removed,
leaving system in
an unclean state
Detergent
supply
reservoir
empty
No
detergent
added
during
cleaning
cycle
Cleaning
Agent
No
1
Record
who is
responsible
for actions
Identify any
hazard
mitigation or
control
actions
required
Capture key
relevant rationale,
assumptions,
data, etc.
List controls
(preventive or
reactive) that
reduce deviation
likelihood or
severity
Describe what may
happen if the
deviation occurs
Describe how
the deviation
may occur
Describe
the
deviation
Describe
what the
guide word
pertains to
(material,
process
step, etc.)
Insert
deviation
guide
word
used
Assign
each entry
a unique
tracking
number
Trainer
Ensure
technician
training
addresses
detergent
selection
Many different
detergent
containers look
alike
Cleaning log
requires
verification of
proper detergent
use. Detergent is
labeled.
Incorrect detergent
may be ineffective
at removing
residues, leaving
system in an
unclean state
Technician
retrieves
wrong
detergent
from
warehouse
Wrong
detergent
used
Cleaning
Agent
Other
than
2
Examples from Cleaning Agent Deviations that were used to explain HAZOP Guide Words
Actions
Assigned to
Actions
Required
Comments
Safeguards
Consequences
Possible
Causes
Deviation
Element
Guide
Word
No.
9. Manufacturing Technology Committee – Risk Management Working Group
Risk Management Training Guides
Hazard & Operability Analysis (HAZOP)
Page 9 of 9
Once the HAZOP analysis is complete, the study outputs and conclusions should be
documented commensurate with the nature of risks assessed in the study and per
individual company documentation policies. As part of closure for the HAZOP
analysis, it should be verified that a process exists to ensure that assigned actions are
closed in a satisfactory manner.
3 Risk Review
On a long-term basis, operational feedback should confirm that the assessment and control
steps are adequately addressing the risk question. If this is not the case, it may be necessary
to review all assumptions. Feedback should correspond to ensuring that assumptions made
about the level of residual risks are still valid. Residual risks are risks that are expected to
remain after risk control strategies have been exercised. It is also important to note that new
risks may arise from risk control practices. Sometimes risks that were not originally
identified or may have been filtered out during the initial risk assessment can become
aggravating factors due to the implementation of risk control measures.
4 Risk Communication
HAZOP is a powerful communication tool. The output of the tool should always be
presented at a level of detail appropriate for the various stakeholders. This is important not
just for presenting results, but also for obtaining early buy-in on the approach.
In cases where HAZOP is used as the basis for a “GxP” decision or some other regulated
authorization, the approach should be documented in a Standard Operating Procedure. It
may not be necessary to include detailed scoring steps or algorithms in the procedure, but
they should be documented in a controlled report. Updates to the portfolio should also be
controlled.
1
per IEC Standard 61882